Hasil untuk "Asian. Oriental"

C. Bae, K. Douka, M. Petraglia

Anıl Küçüktaka

Katharina Krause

Aidan Seale-Feldman

An anthropologist describes a journey to visit a friend’s mother in Nepal. As she crosses over mountains and valleys with her friends from the village, she considers the meanings of maiti, the maternal home, and what it means to see a mother’s face.

Hätinen, Aino

This paper discusses the purity instructions found in the Lying Down Menology, the latest addition to the corpus of hemerological and menological literature from Babylonia and Assyria. After briefly describing the nature of this text and its instructions for incubation rituals, the discussion will focus on purity in this context, establishing that the dirtiness prescribed in some of the instructions relates to other negative aspects incorporated in the ritual, such as eating malodorous foods. Finally, I will argue that the use of luxury products in this ritual suggests that only the wealthy members of the upper social classes could adhere to the instructions of the Lying Down Menology throughout all twelve months of the year.

Smith CL, Reddy B, Wolf CM et al.

Clasina Leslie Smith,1,2,* Bill Reddy,3,* Charis M Wolf,4,5,* Rosa N Schnyer,6,7,* Korina St John,8,* Lisa Conboy,4,7,9– 14,* Jen Stone,15 Lixing Lao16– 18 1Chicago Healing Center, Chicago, IL, USA; 2School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, USA; 3Vital Point Acupuncture, Annandale, VA, USA; 4Seattle Institute of East Asian Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; 5Middle Way Acupuncture Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; 6School of Nursing, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; 7Oregon College of Oriental Medicine, Portland, OR, USA; 8Modern Medicine Woman, LLC, Palmer, AK, USA; 9Beth Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 10California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco, CA, USA; 11Pacific College of Oriental Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA; 12YoSan University, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 13Five Branches University, Santa Cruz, CA, USA; 14American Academy of Health and Wellness, Roseville, MN, USA; 15CTSI, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 16Virginia University of Integrative Medicine, Vienna, VA, USA; 17School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA; 18School of Chinese Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Clasina Leslie Smith, Chicago Healing Center, 1560 N Sandburg Ter, Unit 3215, Chicago, IL, 60610, USA, Tel +1-773-217-0567, Email LeslieTCM@gmail.comAbstract: The term “acupuncture” commonly refers to a non-pharmacologic therapy that is increasingly employed by diverse segments of the population for a wide variety of complaints including pain, insomnia, anxiety, depression, frozen shoulder, and other issues. The term is also used as a short-hand for the wider medical system from which the placement of needles into the skin for therapeutic benefit and related techniques evolved. Thus “acupuncture” refers both to the therapeutic technique and the therapeutic system of Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine (AHM). The other modalities included within AHM include a wide variety of physical and mechanical manipulations, herbal medicines, dietary recommendations, and lifestyle modifications. Clinically, acupuncture is increasingly offered in a variety of conventional medical settings such as hospitals, medical school clinics, veterans’ healthcare centers, oncology facilities, and rehabilitation centers, and its safety profile is excellent overall. Barriers to further incorporation of acupuncture into biomedical sites include insurance coverage of acupuncture, education of conventional medical practitioners and other stakeholders about the utility, efficacy, and evidence base of acupuncture. Acupuncturists in the United States are skilled practitioners who are highly educated in the complex therapeutic system from which acupuncture arose and in the technical aspects of its utility as a treatment modality. The training, certification, licensure, and regulation of acupuncturists is similar to that of conventional providers such has physician’s assistants, advanced practice nurses, and medical and osteopathic doctors. While clinical use and acceptance of acupuncture continues to grow, there is to date no definitive composite document explaining the utility of acupuncture in various healthcare settings, the current understanding of how acupuncture works, and the training, professional regulation, and certification of acupuncture practitioners. This article will address these topics and strive to create a reference for practitioners, administrators, legislators, insurance providers, patients and their families, and other stakeholders.Plain Language Summary: Acupuncture refers to the placement of thin, sterile needles into the skin to stimulate healing effects, and, in the United States, it also refers to the medical system from which the technique of acupuncture evolved. That system, Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine (AHM), uses acupuncture, dietary and lifestyle advice, herbal medicines, and other therapies to facilitate health and healing. Acupuncture is increasingly being used for a wide variety of medical problems including pain, difficulty sleeping, mental health concerns, and other issues in a wide variety of settings and is supported by a growing scientific basis for understanding why and how it works. Training and licensure of acupuncturists are similar to many conventional practitioners, and the process is accredited and overseen by various governmental and regulatory bodies. This paper aims to provide an overview of the use of acupuncture in the United States, the scientific basis for acupuncture, the training and licensure of acupuncturists, and the ways in which acupuncture is and might be incorporated into conventional medical settings.Keywords: acupuncture, herbal medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, integrative medicine, integrative health, medical policy

Monal M. Lal, Monal M. Lal, Deo A. S. Macahig et al.

The sandfish Holothuria (Metriatyla) scabra, is a high-value tropical sea cucumber harvested from wild stocks for over four centuries in multi-species fisheries across its Indo-Pacific distribution, for the global bêche-de-mer (BDM) trade. Within Southeast Asia, the Philippines is an important centre of the BDM trade, however overharvesting and largely open fishery management have resulted in declining catch volumes. Sandfish mariculture has been developed to supplement BDM supply and assist restocking efforts; however, it is heavily reliant on wild populations for broodstock supply. Consequently, to inform fishery, mariculture, germplasm and translocation management policies for both wild and captive resources, a high-resolution genomic audit of 16 wild sandfish populations was conducted, employing a proven genotyping-by-sequencing approach for this species (DArTseq). Genomic data (8,266 selectively-neutral and 117 putatively-adaptive SNPs) were used to assess fine-scale genetic structure, diversity, relatedness, population connectivity and local adaptation at both broad (biogeographic region) and local (within-biogeographic region) scales. An independent hydrodynamic particle dispersal model was also used to assess population connectivity. The overall pattern of population differentiation at the country level for H. scabra in the Philippines is complex, with nine genetic stocks and respective management units delineated across 5 biogeographic regions: (1) Celebes Sea, (2) North and (3) South Philippine Seas, (4) South China and Internal Seas and (5) Sulu Sea. Genetic connectivity is highest within proximate marine biogeographic regions (mean Fst=0.016), with greater separation evident between geographically distant sites (Fst range=0.041–0.045). Signatures of local adaptation were detected among six biogeographic regions, with genetic bottlenecks at 5 sites, particularly within historically heavily-exploited locations in the western and central Philippines. Genetic structure is influenced by geographic distance, larval dispersal capacity, species-specific larval development and settlement attributes, variable ocean current-mediated gene flow, source and sink location geography and habitat heterogeneity across the archipelago. Data reported here will inform accurate and sustainable fishery regulation, conservation of genetic diversity, direct broodstock sourcing for mariculture and guide restocking interventions across the Philippines.

Editorial to the first issue of the digital open-access new series.

Alexander Clow

For an oriented graph $G$, the least number of colours required to oriented colour $G$ is called the oriented chromatic number of $G$ and denoted $χ_o(G)$.For a non-negative integer $g$ let $χ_o(g)$ be the least integer such that $χ_o(G) \leq χ_o(g)$ for every oriented graph $G$ with Euler genus at most $g$. We will prove that $χ_o(g)$ is nearly linear in the sense that $Ω(\frac{g}{\log(g)}) \leq χ_o(g) \leq O(g \log(g))$. This resolves a question of the author, Bradshaw, and Xu, by improving their bounds of the form $Ω((\frac{g^2}{\log(g)})^{1/3}) \leq χ_o(g)$ and $χ_o(g) \leq O(g^{6400})$.

Arda Akıncı

Sienna R. Craig

I. L. Timonina, M. M. E. Arimo

The article is devoted to one of the creative branches of the Japanese economy – the anime industry. The creative sector has become one of the promising and fast-growing segments of the global economy, including the economy of Japan. Anime, or Japanese animation, is a specific kind of animation that emerged in Japan as a unique product in the 1960s. Its distinctive visuals have turned anime into an authentic Japanese cultural phenomenon. In recent decades, the anime industry, like other creative businesses, has faced the need for significant transformation due to consequences of technological advancements and growing competition.There is a trend towards a drop in demand for animation products offered through traditional media, due to the rapid spread of high-speed Internet connection, which enabled consumers to quickly access content in excellent resolution without relying on physical media. Under these conditions, companies are changing their marketing strategies, in particular switching to the production and distribution of anime for online viewing.Streaming services have become one of the rapidly developing technologies for the anime distribution. There are several major national streaming services in Japan, which, despite being not very popular outside the country, have a wide audience at home.The transition of the anime business to the digital plane is inevitably associated with the complexity of copyright protection, since it has become possible to copy video materials without loss of quality and binding to physical media. At the same time, such unauthorized distribution serves as free advertising for the copyright holders, so the industry had been tolerant to this phenomenon until recently.The development of Japanese animation faces the problem of a shortage of animators. Due to growing demand in the 1970s, studios outsourced part of the work to reduce costs, which facilitated the creation of a multi-level subcontracting structure of the anime industry.Among the current trends in the development of the industry is the transition to a strategy of multiplatform exploitation of intellectual property – the so-called transmedia franchising, when many secondary works are created around the original intellectual product – an animated work.New technologies make it possible to make anime more accessible to wider audiences, but production structure and license management policies are not fully adapted to the new conditions, which creates new problems.

Jiange Deng

Martial arts tourism is a burgeoning form of tourism typified by Western ‘martial arts pilgrims’ travelling to Asian ‘martial arts cradles’ for leisure-based learning, training and spectatorship. Despite its growing economic and cultural significance, research on martial arts tourism as a sociocultural practice is scant. This study argues that the intrinsic relationship of martial arts to masculinities and Asian-ness offers the opportunity to study the self-representation of ‘Asian masculine landscapes’ (AMLs) in tourism. By comparing eight destination websites in Thailand and China, this study conceives AMLs as the creative appropriation, transmogrification and hybridisation of divergent images of masculinities circulated at different scales. This conceptualisation speaks to a cultural complexity framework that moves beyond the deterministic and unidirectional paradigm of self-Orientalism by highlighting the productive role of Asian destination ‘image-makers’ as both cultural remediators and improvisers occupying the intermediary position between the homogenising and heterogenising discourses of transnational masculinities.

Duong Van Yen, Jing Li

<i>Stahlianthus thorelii</i> Gagnep is a plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, widely distributed in Asian countries like China, Thailand, India and Vietnam. In traditional oriental medicine, this plant is usually used to treat hemorrhage, heavy menstruation, poor digestion, rheumatism and bone/joint pain (tuberous roots). This research article presents the results of in vitro growth experiments on <i>S.</i><i>thorelii</i> Gagnep using tubers as explants. The samples are grown in MS media enriched with BAP growth stimulant concentrations of 5.0 mg L⁻¹ and a kinetin concentration of 4.0 mg L⁻¹, yielding 5.55 ± 0.59 and 5.48 ± 0.87 shoots/explants, respectively. Once the plants reached a height of 3.0–4.0 cm, we inoculated 2.0–3.0 leaves with a MS rapid proliferation medium treated with BAP or NAA growth agents alone or in combination. The most shoots (7.54 ± 0.79 shoots/explants) were produced by the medium enhanced with 3.0 mg L⁻¹ BAP and 0.5 mg L⁻¹ NAA after 8 weeks of cultivation. The greatest root/shoot induction of 26.17 ± 1.5 was achieved with the medium that had been treated with 0.5 mg L⁻¹ NAA and 0.5 mg L⁻¹ IBA, which was prepared using the MS media that was administered alone or in combination with NAA and IBA for in vitro shoot rooting. Highest percentage of survival (100%) was observed when tissue cultured plantlets were acclimatized in soil:sand:compost (1:1:1).

Andrea Wollein

This paper explores the phenomenon of a single devotional image identified with multiple deities by drawing from both premodern and modern Tibetan guidebook literature and ethnographic work. It engages the Tibetan-Newar Buddhist interface in the Kathmandu Valley with a focus on the Mūl Dīpaṃkara Buddha of Bhaktapur (alias Speaking Tārā, Sgrol ma gsung byon). The essay provides the first chronology of relevant literature and traces what has historically been of interest to Tibetan Buddhist pilgrims in Bhaktapur. The contemporary Dīpaṃkara/Speaking Tārā identification appears to supervene an older conflation occurring until the 18th century, when Tibetan pilgrims identified the Hindu Tantric goddess Taleju, the tutelary deity of the Malla kings who resides in Bhaktapur’s Royal Palace, as Speaking Tārā. The paper offers a preliminary investigation of this development and reflects on spatialized shifts in Tibetan pilgrimage practices.

Mélanie Vandenhelsken

Barbara Pusch

Olivier Haution

We introduce the notion of hyperbolic orientation of a motivic ring spectrum, which generalises the various existing notions of orientation (by the groups GL, SLc, SL, Sp). We show that hyperbolic orientations of eta-periodic ring spectra correspond to theories of Pontryagin classes, much in the same way that GL-orientations of arbitrary ring spectra correspond to theories of Chern classes. We prove that eta-periodic hyperbolically oriented cohomology theories do not admit further characteristic classes for vector bundles, by computing the cohomology of the etale classifying space BGLn. Finally we construct the universal hyperbolically oriented eta-periodic commutative motivic ring spectrum, an analog of Voevodsky's cobordism spectrum MGL.

János Barát, Mátyás Czett

The dichromatic number of a directed graph is at most 2, if we can 2-color the vertices such that each monochromatic part is acyclic. An oriented graph arises from a graph by orienting its edges in one of the two possible directions. We study oriented graphs, which have dichromatic number more than 2. Such a graph $D$ is $3$-dicritical if the removal of any arc of $D$ reduces the dichromatic number to 2. We construct infinitely many $3$-dicritical oriented graphs. Neumann-Lara found the four $7$-vertex $3$-dichromatic tournaments. We determine the $8$-vertex $3$-dichromatic tournaments, which do not contain any of these, there are $64$ of them. We also find all $3$-dicritical oriented graphs on $8$ vertices, there are $159$ of them. We determine the smallest number of arcs that a $3$-dicritical oriented graph can have. There is a unique oriented graph with $7$ vertices and $20$ arcs.

Jan Hubička, Jaroslav Nešetřil, Pablo Oviedo et al.

A partial order is universal if it contains every countable partial order as a suborder. In 2017, Fiala, Hubička, Long and Nešetřil showed that every interval in the homomorphism order of graphs is universal, with the only exception being the trivial gap $[K_1,K_2]$. We consider the homomorphism order restricted to the class of oriented paths and trees. We show that every interval between two oriented paths or oriented trees of height at least 4 is universal. The exceptional intervals coincide for oriented paths and trees and are contained in the class of oriented paths of height at most 3, which forms a chain.