Hasil untuk "hep-lat"

P. Nolan, A. Abdo, M. Ackermann et al.

Yibeltal Assefa, Y. Gelaw, P. Hill et al.

BackgroundEthiopia has been implementing a community health extension program (HEP) since 2003. We aimed to assess the successes and challenges of the HEP over time, and develop a framework that may assist the implementation of the program toward universal primary healthcare services.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and synthesis of the literature on the HEP in Ethiopia between 2003 and 2018. Literature search was accomplished in PubMed, Embase and Google scholar databases. Literature search strategies were developed using medical subject headings (MeSH) and text words related to the aim of the review. We used a three-stage screening process to select the publications. Data extraction was conducted by three reviewers using pre-prepared data extraction form. We conducted an interpretive (not aggregative) synthesis of studies.FindingsThe HEP enabled Ethiopia to achieve significant improvements in maternal and child health, communicable diseases, hygiene and sanitation, knowledge and health care seeking. The HEP has been a learning organization that adapts itself to community demands. The program is also dynamic enough to shift tasks between health centers and community. The community has been a key player in the successful implementation of the HEP. In spite of these successes, the program is currently facing challenges that remain to be addressed. These challenges are related to productivity and efficiency of health extension workers (HEWs); working and living conditions of HEWs; capacity of health posts; and, social determinants of health. These require a systemic approach that involves the wider health system, community, and sectors responsible for social determinants of health. We developed a framework that may assist in the implementation of the HEP.ConclusionThe HEP has enabled Ethiopia to achieve significant improvements. However, several challenges remain to be addressed. The framework can be utilized to improve community health programs toward universal coverage for primary healthcare services.

Jun Nishimura

Quantum tunneling is mostly discussed in the Euclidean path integral formalism using instantons. On the other hand, it is difficult to understand quantum tunneling based on the real-time path integral due to its oscillatory nature, which causes the notorious sign problem. We show that recent development of the Lefschetz thimble method enables us to investigate this issue numerically. In particular, we find that quantum tunneling occurs due to complex trajectories, which are actually observable experimentally by using the so-called weak measurement.

Stephan Narison

In this talk, I summarize the results obtained recently in Ref.\,\cite{SNe} using the PDG 22 compilation of the $e^+e^-\to$ Hadrons $\oplus$ the recent CMD3 data for the pion form factor. Using the gluon condensate $\langle α_s G^2\rangle=(6.49\pm 0.35)\times 10^{-2}$ GeV$^4$ from heavy quark sum rules, the extracted QCD four-quark and dimension eight condensate condensates values are: $ρα_s\langle\barψψ\rangle^2= (5.98\pm 0.64)\times 10^{-4}$ GeV$^6$ and $d_8= (4.3\pm 3.0)\times 10^{-2}$ GeV$^8$ from the ratio ${\cal R}_{10}$ of Laplace sum rules to order $α_s^4$. Inversely using these estimated values of the condensates, we obtain from ${\cal R}_{10}$: $\langle α_s G^2\rangle=(6.12\pm 0.61)\times 10^{-2}$ GeV$^4$ which leads to the average $(6.40\pm 0.30)\times 10^{-2}$ GeV$^4$. %from light and heavy quark systems. Using the lowest $τ$-like decay moment, the mean result of Fixed Order (FO) and Contour Improved (CI) PT series within the standard OPE is : $α_s(M_τ)=0.3385(50)(136)_{syst}$ [resp. $0.3262(37)(78)_{syst}$] to order $α_s^4$ [resp. $α_s^5$] leading to $α_s(M_Z)$=0.1207(17)(3) [resp. 0.1193(11)(3)], while the sum of the non-perturbative contribution at $M_τ$ is\,: $δ^V_{NP}(M_τ)=(2.3\pm 0.2)\times 10^{-2}$. Using the same data, one also obtains the LO hadronic vacuum polarization to the muon and $τ$ anomalous magnetic moments: $a_μ\vert^{hvp}_{l.o}= (7036.5\pm 38.9)\times10^{-11}, \, a_τ\vert^{hvp}_{l.o}= (3494.8\pm 24.7)\times10^{-9} $ which leads to : $Δa_μ\equiv a_μ^{exp}-a_μ^{th} = (143\pm 42_{th}\pm 22_{exp})\times 10^{-11}$ indicating about 3$σ$ discrepancy between the SM predictions and experiment. One also finds: $α^{(5)}(M_Z)\vert_{had}=(2766.3\pm 4.5)\times 10^{-5}$.

Stephan Narison

We present a compact review of the status of QCD spectral sum rules until 2022. We emphasize the recent progresses for determining the QCD input parameters ($α_s$, running quark masses, quark and gluon condensates) where their correlations have been taken into account. Some selected phenomenological uses of the sum rules in different channels (light and heavy quarks, gluonia/glueballs, hybrids and four-quark states) are briefly reviewed and commented. The estimate of the $1^{-+}$ light hybrid mass is revised which confirms the hybrid nature of the $π_1(1600)$ but not the $π_1(2050)$.

Nodoka Yamanaka

We argue that the topological charge of nonabelian gauge theory is unphysical. To show this statement, we use the Adler-Bardeen theorem and the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin symmetry which are warranted by the perturbative finiteness of the chiral anomaly, thus being free of Gribov ambiguity. In addition to the original argument using the unphysical gauge field component collinear to the spatial derivative of the gauge function, we show the unobservability of the topological charge using the Ward-Takahashi identity. We then present the consequences of this finding and show the consistency with many physical pictures and ideas that have been developed around the topology of nonabelian gauge theory. The most important ones are the resolution of the Strong CP problem, the unobservability of topological instantons, the physical relevance of the axial $U(1)$ symmetry, the independence of the vacuum energy on the vacuum angle, and the impossibility to realize the sphaleron induced baryogenesis and chiral magnetic effects. The axial $U(1)$ symmetry and the unphysical $θ$-term imply that the physical complex phase of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix is the sole source of CP violation in the standard model. The unphysical sphaleron also means that the lepton number is phenomenologically free from the baryon number, and their violations may be modeled separately. We also comment on the consistency with the results of lattice calculations.

G. Barrand, I. Belyaev, P. Binko et al.

We present a software architecture and framework that can be used to facilitate the development of data processing applications for High Energy Physics experiments. The development strategy follows an architecture-centric approach as a way of creating a resilient software framework that can withstand changes in requirements and technology over the long lifetimes of experiments. The software architecture, called GAUDI, supports event data processing applications that run in different processing environments, from the high level triggers in the on-line system to the final physics analysis. We present our major architectural design choices and outline the arguments that led to these choices. Several iterations of a software framework based on this architecture have been released and the framework is now being used by the physicists of the collaboration to facilitate the development of data processing algorithms. Object oriented technologies have been used throughout.

C. Sommers, C. Park, Jan-Mou Lee et al.

Alessandro Nada

We present high-precision lattice calculations of the thermodynamics of Yang-Mills theories with different gauge groups. In the confining phase, we show that the equation of state is described remarkably well by a gas of massive, non-interacting glueballs, provided that an effective bosonic closed-string model is used to derive an exponentially growing Hagedorn spectrum for the heavy states. In particular, this model describes very accurately the results for the SU(3) theory reported by Borsányi et al. in JHEP 07 (2012) 056, as well as a novel set of lattice data for the SU(2) theory. In addition, we also also show that the equation of state in the deconfined phase exhibits a near perfect proportionality to the number of gluon degrees of freedom, including for the Yang-Mills theory based on the exceptional, center-less gauge group $G_2$.

Georg Bergner, Pietro Giudice, Istvan Montvay et al.

The spectrum of the lightest bound states in N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with SU(2) gauge group, calculated on the lattice, is presented. The masses have first been extrapolated towards vanishing gluino mass and then to the continuum limit. The final picture is consistent with the formation of degenerate supermultiplets.

P. Roblin, Wilson Dumornay, M. Hammerschlag

Wolfgang Lucha, Dmitri Melikhov, Silvano Simula

Exploiting recently proposed novel improvements of the techniques used for extracting from QCD sum rules pivotal hadron characteristics, including their systematic errors, we succeed to achieve a conspicuous agreement of the predictions of QCD sum rules for the decay constants $f_B$ and $f_{B_s}$ of the heavy pseudoscalar mesons $B$ and $B_s,$ which before tended to be slightly too large, with corresponding results from lattice QCD. Adopting for the crucial $b$-quark $\bar{\rm MS}$ mass the value $\bar{m}_b(\bar{m}_b)=(4.247\pm0.034)$ GeV, we get $f_B=(192.0\pm14.6)$ MeV and $f_{B_s}=(228.0\pm19.8)$ MeV; clearly, this may be also viewed as a determination of the $b$-quark mass from sufficiently precise decay constants.

M. Lovati, C. Manzoni, Elisabetta Gianazza et al.

P. Montoya, R. Schandry, Achim Müller

Z. Fan, M. Rijn, K. Montgomery et al.

M. Mingueneau, Romain Roncagalli, C. Grégoire et al.

W. Hassen, I. Ayed‐Boussema, A. Oscoz et al.

A. Ibarra, D. Tran, C. Weniger

A series of experiments measuring high-energy cosmic rays have recently reported strong indications for the existence of an excess of high-energy electrons and positrons. If interpreted in terms of the decay of dark matter particles, the PAMELA measurements of the positron fraction and the Fermi LAT measurements of the total electron-plus-positron flux restrict the possible decaying dark matter scenarios to a few cases. Analyzing different decay channels in a model-independent manner, and adopting a conventional diffusive reacceleration model for the background fluxes of electrons and positrons, we identify some promising scenarios of dark matter decay and calculate the predictions for the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray flux, including the contributions from inverse Compton scattering with the interstellar radiation field.

A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello et al.

Observations by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi mission of diffuse γ-rays in a mid-latitude region in the third quadrant (Galactic longitude l from 200° to 260° and latitude |b| from 22° to 60°) are reported. The region contains no known large molecular cloud and most of the atomic hydrogen is within 1 kpc of the solar system. The contributions of γ-ray point sources and inverse Compton scattering are estimated and subtracted. The residual γ-ray intensity exhibits a linear correlation with the atomic gas column density in energy from 100 MeV to 10 GeV. The measured integrated γ-ray emissivity is (1.63 ± 0.05) × 10−26 photons s−1sr−1 H-atom−1 and (0.66 ± 0.02) × 10−26 photons s−1sr−1 H-atom−1 above 100 MeV and above 300 MeV, respectively, with an additional systematic error of ∼10%. The differential emissivity from 100 MeV to 10 GeV agrees with calculations based on cosmic ray spectra consistent with those directly measured, at the 10% level. The results obtained indicate that cosmic ray nuclei spectra within 1 kpc from the solar system in regions studied are close to the local interstellar spectra inferred from direct measurements at the Earth within ∼10%.

M. Konkel, L. Joens