Richard Kazibwe, Matthew Singleton, Michael P. Bancks
et al.
Abstract Aim To assess the efficacy of aspirin use for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with incident atherosclerotic CVD and mortality in high‐risk type 2 diabetes. Method s In this post hoc analysis, we included participants in the ACCORD trial without CVD at baseline. The association between aspirin use and the primary outcome (a composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke or cardiovascular [CV] death) and all‐cause mortality was evaluated using Cox proportional hazard analysis adjusting for demographics, CV risk factors and comorbidities. Results Eligible participants ( n = 6330) were aged 62.8 ± 5.9 years at baseline, 43.8% of the participants were female, and 3026 (47.8%) used aspirin. Over a median (interquartile range) follow‐up of 4.9 (4.1–5.7) years, the number (%) of primary outcome and all‐cause mortality events in those who used aspirin (vs. those who did not), was 196 (6.5) versus 229 (6.9) and 146 (4.8) versus 147 (4.5), respectively. The adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) associated with aspirin use for the primary outcome and all‐cause mortality were 0.94 (0.77–1.14) and 1.08 (0.85–1.36), respectively. Conclusion In high‐risk individuals with type 2 diabetes, the use of aspirin for primary prevention was not associated with a decreased risk of incident CVD or all‐cause mortality.
Suzanne M Bertisch, Michelle Reid, Pamela L Lutsey
et al.
AbstractStudy ObjectivesTo quantify the gender-specific associations between insomnia symptoms and subclinical atherosclerosis, measured by coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores, which has strong predictive value for incident cardiovascular disease.MethodsWe analyzed data from 1,429 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Participants completed standardized questionnaires and underwent polysomnography (PSG) and 7-day actigraphy. Insomnia symptoms were defined as: self-reported trouble falling, staying or returning to sleep, early-morning awakenings, or hypnotic use, for ≥5 nights/week. MESA assessed CAC using computed tomography. We employed multivariable linear regression to model the probability of CAC >0 overall and to model the linear continuous effect among those with nonzero CAC.ResultsOur sample was a mean age of 68.1 ± 9.1 years, 53.9% female, and 36.2% white, 28.0% black, 24.2% Hispanic, and 11.5% Chinese-American. Insomnia symptoms were present in 49.7% of men and 47.2% of women. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, insomnia symptoms was associated with an 18% higher prevalence of CAC (PR 1.18, 95% CI 1.04, 1.33) among females, but no association was observed among males (PR 1.00, 95% CI 0.91, 1.08). There was no evidence that the association between insomnia symptoms and prevalence of CAC >0 differed by objective sleep duration status (by single-night PSG or multi-night actigraphy) in females or males.ConclusionsWe found that among women, insomnia symptoms were associated with an 18% higher prevalence of CAC compared to no insomnia. Insomnia symptoms were not associated with CAC prevalence in men. Additionally, there was no evidence that the association between insomnia symptoms and CAC score >0 differed by objective short sleep duration status.
AbstractA series of novel pyrazolyl isoxazolines were synthesized by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of pyrazolyl nitrile oxide with various activated alkene, such as acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, and vinyl acetate, in the presence of iodobenzene diacetate in methanol containing a catalytic amount of TFA at room temperature (13 compounds upto 92% yield were isolated).
HC&RI, TNAU, Coimbatore, MUTHURAMALINGAM S, NATARAJAN S
et al.
An experiment was conducted at Horticultural College & Research Institute to find out the response of aggregatum onion to different spacing and levels of organic, inorganic and biofertilizers in respect of bulb diameter, bulb length, shape index and flowering. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with 30 treatments replicated thrice. Three spacing viz., S, 45x5, S, 45x10, and S, 45x15 cm formed the main plot treatments. The subplot treatments consist of 10 combinations involving three levels of N (20, 40 and 60 kg ha), three levels of P (20, 40 and 60 kg ha') and constant level of K (30 kg ha) along with FYM 25 tha, Azospirillum at 2 kg ha' and phosphobacterium at 2 kg ha'. An organics alone and absolute control without nutrients were also adopted. The increase in length of bulb and shape index were higher at closest spacing of 45x5 cm, while the widest spacing of 45x15 cm registered the greater bulb diameter. Manurial treatments had significant influence on the bulb characters, which showed an increasing trend with increasing level of nutrients. Spacing and nutrients had no influence on the days taken for flower initiation, days to 50 per cent flowering and days for maturity. Interaction effect revealed that application of 60:60:30 kg NPK ha, FYM. at 25 t ha, Azospirillum at 2 kg ha and phosphobacterium 2 kg hat along with closest spacing of 45x5 cm recorded the higher bulb length (5.70 cm) and shape index (1.09 %).