Hasil untuk "Shipment of goods. Delivery of goods"

B. Robertson, B. Johnson, S. Tacchella et al.

JADES Data Release 5 (DR5) photometric catalogs and describes the methodologies used for source detection, deblending, photometry, uncertainty estimation, and catalog curation. The catalogs are constructed from 35 space-based imaging mosaics obtained with JWST/NIRCam, JWST/MIRI, HST/ACS, and HST/WFC3, combining approximately 1250 hours of JADES imaging with extensive additional public JWST and HST observations in the GOODS fields. Sources are identified using custom signal-to-noise-based detection and deblending algorithms optimized for the depth, resolution, and complex point-spread-function structure of JWST imaging. Source centroids, shapes, and photometric apertures are determined using a new fast two-dimensional Gaussian regression method applied to detection-image profiles. We provide forced circular-aperture photometry, ellipsoidal Kron photometry, and curve-of-growth measurements for every source in every band. We introduce a new pixel-level regression framework to model photometric uncertainties as a function of aperture size and local mosaic properties, accounting for correlated noise in heterogeneous JWST mosaics. Photometric redshifts are computed using template-based fitting applied to both small-aperture photometry on unconvolved images and Kron photometry on common-PSF mosaics. The JADES DR5 catalogs supersede previous JADES photometric releases, and are publicly released through the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes and an interactive web interface.

Piotr Sawicki, H. Sawicka, Marek Karkula et al.

A sandwich pallet loading problem represents a significant challenge in the logistics of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG), requiring optimisation of load units (LUs) arrangements to minimise their number in transportation and warehousing processes, leading to an environmental responsibility of organisations. This study introduces an innovative approach combining Dominance-Based Rough Set Theory (DRST) with a rule-based expert system to improve the efficiency of the pallet loading and to provide sustainable development. Key criteria and attributes for the LU assessment, such as weight, height, and fragility, are defined. DRST is utilised to classify these units, leveraging its capability to handle imprecise and vague information. The rule-based system ensures an optimal arrangement of LUs by considering critical control parameters, thereby reducing LU numbers and mitigating the environmental impact of logistics operations, as measured by energy consumption. The proposed approach is validated using real-world data from the FMCG distribution company. Results demonstrate that integrating DRST with an expert system improves decision-making consistency and significantly reduces the number of LUs. This study shows a way to increase the level of environmental responsibility of the organisation by cutting energy consumption and delivering economic and social benefits through fewer shipments. For example, the approach reduces energy consumption for a customer order delivery by 40%, from 0.60 to 0.36 (kWh/pskm).

Oleksandr Stuzhnyi

The effectiveness of the organization of logistics processes at foreign enterprises was studied using the World Bank's Logistics Performance Index. For this purpose, the following indicators of logistics performance were used: LPI score; international shipments; logistics competence; timeliness. The LPI score is an integrated comprehensive indicator that assesses the general condition of the enterprise's logistics processes; a high level of this indicator indicates well-established and developed logistics processes and high competitiveness in the world market. International shipments - this indicator determines the reliability and efficiency of export-import logistics processes. Logistics competence characterizes the efficiency of logistics processes, in particular, the competence of personnel performing logistics operations, reliability and efficiency in the storage and transportation of goods, as well as the level of customer service. The logistics competence indicator also depends on the use of modern technologies and automation of the enterprise's logistics processes. A high level of logistics competence increases the flexibility and speed of the enterprise's response to changes in logistics routes and the volume of deliveries by reducing operational risks and costs. Timeliness assesses the timing of logistics processes, the reliability and stability of delivery times, including during force majeure circumstances, and the level of interaction of all participants in the logistics process - suppliers, warehouse production, carriers, etc. An assessment of the state of logistics process organization at foreign enterprises in Europe, Asia, America and Africa for 2023 was carried out. Among European countries, seven countries with the highest LPI were selected for assessment: Finland, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, Belgium. It was determined that the leader in this group of countries is Finland. Among Asian countries, Singapore, Hong Kong, UAE, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, China were selected for assessment. It was determined that the leader in this group of countries is Singapore. Among American countries, Canada, USA, Brazil, Panama, Chile, Peru, Uruguay were selected for assessment. It was determined that the leader in this group of countries is Canada. Among the African countries selected for assessment are South Africa, Botswana, Egypt, Benin, Namibia, Rwanda, Djibouti. It is determined that the leader in this group of countries is South Africa. It is proven that in 2023 the greatest development of logistics processes of foreign enterprises is observed among enterprises of European and Asian countries.

Antonis A. Michis

Abstract We propose a revenue test model for measuring the level of competition in the ship management industry. In addition to revenues, the model incorporates information on the structure of expenditures required in ship management operations to estimate the Panzar–Rosse H-statistic emphasizing crew, technical and administrative expenses. Estimation results using data for Cyprus’s ship management industry for the period 2011–2023, suggest a market structure compatible with monopolistic competition. Furthermore, crew expenses provided the highest input factor elasticity and vessel portfolio size the most important revenue driver in the estimation procedure.

Stijn Michielsen, Roel Gevaers, Wouter Dewulf

Abstract Building on an integrated historical and conceptual overview of scholarly and industry sources, this paper examines the evolution and transformation of e-commerce. It traces the development of e-commerce from its emergence in the mid-1990s to its current role as a global trade and logistics driver. By defining the concept of e-commerce and exploring significant milestones in its development, including the dot-com bubble and its aftermath, this analysis offers insights into the key milestones that have shaped the e-commerce landscape. It also discusses the growing connection between air cargo and (cross-border) e-commerce, highlighting how the demand for fast and reliable international deliveries has reshaped logistics networks, cargo operations, and aviation strategies. It furthermore explores the evolving role of crucial aviation stakeholders, including freight forwarders, airports, integrators, air carriers, and e-commerce marketplaces as they adapt to the rapid growth of e-commerce-driven air freight. The paper makes three key contributions. First, this historical analysis contextualises the evolution of e-commerce, offering a structured understanding of its most significant milestones. Second, it examines the increasing interdependence between aviation and e-commerce, focusing on industry stakeholders' broad trends and strategic responses. Third, it identifies the most pressing gaps in current research discovered during the analysis and articulates a forward-looking agenda to guide scholars seeking to better understand the sector’s growing complexity from economic and logistics perspectives. As cross-border e-commerce expands, this study offers a foundation for further research on how emerging e-commerce milestones, trends, and models affect global trade, logistics, and aviation.

Rocky Mahmud, Fang Zheng, Ingrid Bjørnsrud Løff et al.

Abstract By conducting a thematic analysis of 100 news articles on the container shipping crisis during COVID-19, this study explores the contributing factors and the consequences of the container shipping crisis. Based on the findings, this study develops a dynamic, cross-domain conceptual framework that traces how two clusters of disruptions, namely, shipping disruptions (port, global container movement, freight-cost) and economic disruptions (supply, production, demand, COVID-19 related), manifest across three key domains: port and freight operations, supply chain and production, and consumer market. For each domain, we link early-stage consequences to its later-stage impact, highlighting both adaptive positive strategies and enduring negative influences. This study contributes to shipping crisis management literature and offers practical implications for both immediate operational innovation and long-term strategic resilience.

Jingmin Huang, Yang Sun, Fanqi Xu et al.

This paper investigates the decentralized provision of public goods in directed networks. We establish a correspondence between kernels in graph theory and specialized equilibria in which players either contribute a fixed threshold amount or free-ride entirely. Leveraging this relationship, we derive sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of specialized equilibria in deterministic networks and prove that specialized equilibria exist almost surely in large random networks. We further demonstrate that enhancing network reciprocity weakly expands the set of specialized equilibria without destroying existing ones. Moreover, we propose an iterative elimination algorithm that simplifies the network while preserving equilibrium properties. Finally, we show that a Nash equilibrium is stable only if it is specialized, thereby providing dynamic justification for our focus on this equilibrium class.

Anuj Bhowmik

This paper examines the characterizations of equilibrium in economies with public projects. Public goods, as discussed by Mas-Colell (1980), are modeled as elements of an abstract set lacking a unified ordering structure. We introduce the concepts of cost share equilibrium for such economies, where the private commodity space is a (possibly nonseparable) Banach lattice. Within this framework, we present two distinct characterizations of cost share equilibria via the veto power of the grand coalition in economies featuring finitely many agents. The first characterization involves allocations that are Aubin non-dominated, while the second establishes that an allocation is a cost share equilibrium if and only if it cannot be dominated by the grand coalition, where domination is considered under specific perturbations of initial endowments.

A. Putri, Yunifa Miftachul Arif, A. Wardhani et al.

In agricultural supply chain management that the involvement of intermediaries in product distribution often leads to increased prices for agricultural goods. This study proposes a solution using Smart Contracts and Certificate Authority within a blockchain framework to streamline distribution channels and reduce the Bullwhip Effect. The research simulates collaboration between farmers and consumers by implementing smart agriculture practices and optimizing distribution through Hyperledger Fabric- based blockchain technology. Data are securely stored in a ledger accessible only to authorized participants. The system framework includes farmers as producers, Village Unit Cooperatives as intermediaries, distributors, and end consumers. Ambient Intelligence technology, based on supply chain management principles, supports real-time awareness, activity recognition, and responsiveness using RFID sensors. Each product is tagged with RFID for automatic identification and tracking of goods and stakeholders. RFID-collected data are used to analyze consumer behavior and monitor presence, while GPS provides real-time shipment tracking with location updates and estimated delivery times. All components are integrated with blockchain to ensure transparency and efficiency across the supply chain. Transactions are automated via smart contracts, enabling secure and efficient processes while ensuring data integrity through a peer-to-peer network of nodes that store cryptographic records.

Yuliana Yuliana, Hilda Hilda, Fakhrina Fakhrina

The main problem in this thesis is that in the last few months JNT Express Palembang branch has often experienced a decline in sales and also complaints from customers about the many problems that occur in the service felt by consumers such as problems with late delivery of goods, shipments that cannot be tracked, damage to goods to loss of delivery packages. These complaints were obtained from the Internet Media. The purpose of this discussion is to find out the Implementation of Risk Management in the Delivery of Goods at JNT Express Palembang Branch Services and Islamic Economic Review on Risk Management in the Delivery of JNT Express Palembang Branch Services. This research is a field research. By using qualitative methods. This research uses informants consisting of 6 people, namely 1 Leader, 1 Admin, 1 Courier and 3 JNT Palembang Branch Consumers. This research was conducted at JNT Ekpress, Jl. Sultan M. Mansyur, Bukit Lama, Kec. Ilir Barat I. Palembang City. While the data collection method in this study is in the form of observation, interviews, documentation. Based on the results of the study. Risks in shipping JNT goods are Social, Physical, Customer and Competition factors. The obstacles are delays, wrong addresses, damage and loss of goods. To prevent or minimize the occurrence of risks, JNT issues Standard Delivery Terms (SSP). Review of Islamic Economics on Risk Management in the Delivery of Goods Services JNT Express Palembang Branch is not contrary to Islam.

Eva Erfan, Nataliia Chubirka

The article delves into the factors that intensify international business activities in the transport and logistics services sector, emphasizing several critical elements. First, globalization emerges as a powerful force driving companies to seek broader markets. The interconnectedness of economies allows businesses to capitalize on international trade opportunities, necessitating efficient logistics solutions to facilitate the movement of goods across borders. E-commerce growth stands out as a pivotal factor, with consumer demand for rapid delivery and personalized services reshaping logistics strategies. Companies are increasingly adopting agile supply chain models to meet these expectations, resulting in heightened competition among logistics providers. Technological advancements play a crucial role in this transformation. Automation, data analytics, and artificial intelligence enhance operational efficiencies, allowing companies to optimize routes, reduce lead times, and minimize costs. Real-time tracking systems empower businesses to monitor shipments closely, ensuring transparency and improving customer satisfaction. Sustainability has also become a significant consideration. With rising awareness of environmental issues, companies are implementing green logistics practices, such as eco-friendly packaging and energy-efficient transportation methods, to meet regulatory requirements and address consumer preferences for sustainable products. The competitive landscape is evolving, prompting logistics providers to innovate continually. Differentiation through superior service quality, reliability, and technological integration has become essential for maintaining a competitive edge in a crowded market. Moreover, strategic partnerships and collaborations are emphasized as vital for success in international logistics. By forming alliances with local players, companies can navigate regulatory complexities, access new markets, and enhance their service offerings. In conclusion, the article presents a holistic view of the multifaceted factors driving the intensification of international business in transport and logistics services. It highlights the need for companies to adapt to changing market dynamics, leverage technology, prioritize sustainability, and foster collaborative relationships to thrive in a rapidly evolving global landscape.

Luis Felipe Umbelino dos Santos, Luiz Pinedo Quinto Junior, Saulo Marelli Matos

Considerando os compromissos climáticos internacionais, diversos segmentos econômicos estão sendo estimulados pelo processo de descarbonização e neutralização de suas emissões provenientes de combustíveis de origem fóssil.   O modal de transporte marítimo é responsável pelo comercio de cargas gerais e possui forte atuação no Brasil nas operações de exploração e produção de petróleo e gás offshore. Um dos impactos ambientais mais importantes nos serviços marítimos com embarcações é a poluição do ar através da emissão de gases e particulas da queima de combustíveis fósseis. Neste recorte, o objetivo deste artigo consiste em apresentar por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica as práticas promissoras e tendências para a redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa considerando as rotas tecnologicas para a obtenção de zero emissões líquidas e os créditos de carbono no âmbito das embarcações marítimas como fontes móveis emissoras.

Arthur Wilson, Dionisia Bhisetya Rarasati

In a company, there are always inbound and outbound goods. To record and track the movement of these goods efficiently, a system is needed. Manual writing is no longer feasible due to the high volume and rapid movement of goods, increasing the likelihood of errors. Therefore, an inventory system that automatically records the movement of goods is necessary to minimize human errors. There are systems for both inbound and outbound goods. All goods entering and leaving the company must be recorded for reporting purposes. For sales and shipment of goods, a shipment system is essential to make deliveries more efficient, timely, and cost-effective. The inventory system aims to record the movement of goods. Additionally, the shipment system cannot track the current status of shipments. The goal of this research is to develop inventory and shipment systems that can assist PT ABC's operations and facilitate its growth.

V. Shramenko, N. Shramenko, Christoph Hupfer

The share of small shipments in the total volume of cargo transportation has increased significantly. However, irrational routes are formed, customers’ requirements for timely delivery of goods are ignored, and vehicles of irrational carrying capacity are used on distribution routes, which significantly increases logistics costs and the cost of goods. The limitations and problems of existing solutions were analysed. Theoretic methods are not applicable to the Vehicle Routing Problem with more than 17 customers due to computational complexity. The heuristic methods that were examined focus on creating the shortest routes but do not consider customer priority, route restrictions, or potential service strategies. Therefore, a metaheuristic Genetic algorithm was chosen for route formation tasks. The research is aimed at developing a simulation model, which is based on the use of a genetic algorithm, to create optimal delivery routes for small shipments to customers within a city. The study includes modelling the route formation using a genetic algorithm for various types of cargo bicycles and trucks in a dynamic urban environment. As a result of simulation modelling, distribution routes were formed and operational parameters were optimized on cargo delivery routes in the city for various types of vehicles with different carrying capacities.

Mahendra Wardhana, Hanif Nur F. Margono

Indonesia is a maritime country, and most logistics activities are by sea. Digitization is needed as a form of differentiation and competitive advantage in logistics services. The current condition of shipping through maritime transportation has several problems such as uncertainty of ship departure and arrival schedules, inability to monitor shipments, too long broker chains, unable to provide integrated multimodal transportation shipments between islands in Indonesia, and lack of public knowledge about available ship routes and schedules and selection of the most appropriate type of ship. An innovation is needed in this case that can become a platform to facilitate and visualize the delivery of goods using digital maritime transportation based on web applications. This research uses the three stages of the design thinking model proposed by IDEO: inspiration, ideation, and implementation. In developing a system, a prototype is needed, or it can be called a minimum viable product. At the implementation stage, there is a usability testing process that uses a feedback capture matrix and a system usability scale. The results of the research are in the form of a product with the hope of pioneering the use of comprehensive digitization and making it easier for customers to ship goods via maritime transportation.

Dita Harnika Sari, Rahmat Hidayat, A. Kusworo

J&T Express Ponorogo is one of the J&T Express branch offices located in the Ponorogo region, East Java. J&T Express Ponorogo is a branch office of an expedition company whose main field is in the service and delivery of retail goods. It is fundamental that in every operation of J&T Express Ponorogo it is required to apply excellent service in all matters related to the shipments made. Of course, the role of human resources is very instrumental in providing excellent service for the satisfaction of existing customers. It can even be said that the progress of organizations and companies can be greatly influenced by the human resources that exist as the front guard in providing services. In this case, it is likely that it will be closely related to the salaries and incentives received by existing human resources. The problem that arises in this study is the decrease and increase in the level of implementation of human resource performance which depends on the provision of salaries and incentives for existing human resources. The formulation of the problems raised in this study is how the effectiveness of providing salaries and incentives in improving HR performance and what factors determine the amount of salaries and incentives received by HR at the J&T Express Ponorogo branch office. The research method applied is direct research using a qualitative descriptive approach to the sample or research target, namely HR who play a role in each office operation for each position at the J&T Express Ponorogo branch office. For data collection itself is done through direct observation, interviews and study of related documents. Conclusion The effectiveness of providing salaries and incentives on HR performance at the J&T Express Ponorogo branch office is considered to be in a very effective category. So that in this case with high salaries and incentives it is very effective to make HR more enthusiastic and always provide the best performance

Mohamad Farhan Subang, Orpa Juliana Nubatonis, Yossie M. Y. Jacob

Public services today are additional needs whose role is very important in society because they can relieve the community and help national development which aims to realize a just and prosperous society in the era of economic democracy. However, public services are indeed loaded with various problems, what's more, the range itself is very wide, covering both the profit and non-profit sectors. One of the means of shipping goods that can be used is PT Pos Indonesia. Atambua Branch Post Office is one of the branches of PT Pos Indonesia which operates for the Belu Regency area, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The formulation of the problems in this study are (1) How is the responsibility given by PT. Pos Indonesia Atambua Branch for the delivery of lost or damaged goods? (2) How are the obstacles to the implementation of the responsibility for lost or damaged goods provided by PT. Pos Indonesia Atambua Branch? The type of research used by the author is Empirical Legal research, the type of data used in this research is qualitative data. The data used in the research based on the relevance of the source data, namely primary and secondary data. The results of the study suggest that: (1) Liability for lost shipments by PT Pos Indonesia Atambua Branch, namely by providing compensation of 1 (one) x shipping costs and plus one time compensation guarantee that has been included in the proof of delivery receipt. If the shipment is damaged but part of the shipment can still be functioned, PT Pos Indonesia Atambua Branch provides compensation of 1 (one) x shipping costs and plus half x the cost of the guarantee of compensation that has been included in the proof of delivery receipt, but if it is totally damaged and loses its function, it will be given compensation of 1 (one) x shipping costs and add 1 (one) x the cost of compensation that has been included in the proof of delivery receipt. (2) The inhibiting factors are the lack of communication between PT Pos Indonesia and service users, negligence from PT Pos Indonesia Atambua Branch (Courier) which still often closes communication with the Foreman related to these problems.

Y. Hermaniuk, I. Palenyk

Goal. Starting with the full-scale invasion on February 24, 2022, the aggressor country began to make it difficult to access major ports in southern Ukraine, limiting the importation, transportation, and export of grain. This forced shippers to look for alternative routes for transporting grain to foreign seaports. A large share of the transportation of grain cargo fell on railway transport and on western terminals, which caused long queues at crossing points. Restrictions also affected the capacity of internal railway lines. To restore the transportation of agricultural goods and increase the efficiency of the organization of grain transportation, it is necessary to conduct a study of the logistics costs of road and rail transportation, considering such factors as the type of shipment, the volume of cargo, time costs, the cost of transportation, and the capacity of border crossings and terminals. Method. The research was carried out based on statistical analysis, methods of operational work for calculating the norms of mass and length of route trains, a comprehensive analysis of logistics costs when transporting various types of shipments by rail and road modes of transport, considering the technical equipment of terminals and the capacity of crossing points, the train formation plan (TFP). The results. Based on calculations, the conditional lengths of route trains are determined, with their further bringing them to the current PFP on the railways of Ukraine; the cost of delivery of grain cargoes when transported by rail was calculated for various types of shipments, and a comparison was made with road transport; terms of cargo delivery, main advantages and disadvantages of each type of transportation are determined; analysed and selected the best method of transportation of agricultural cargo, taking into account the weight of the cargo being transported, the time spent on transportation along the tracking routes; a comparison of financial costs per ton of cargo was made; proposed options for increasing the throughput of border railway stations. The work also identifies the busiest terminals that carry out a significant share of cargo processing at border railway stations with a relatively large capacity and technical support for the transhipment of grain depending on the types of shipments, namely: railway stations and their transitions - Chop - Chierna-nad-Tysoy, Mostyska II-Medyka and Izov - Hrebushiv. Practical significance. The obtained results can be applied in decision-making systems for shippers, which will help in choosing the optimal route and type of rolling stock for cargo transportation. The rational choice of types of shipments and transfer stations makes it possible to use technical means for cargo transhipment as effectively as possible, to reduce the waiting time of wagons at border stations while waiting for technological operations and to reduce the time for these operations, to reduce the total costs of transporting agricultural goods. Options for increasing the throughput capacity of border stations will make it possible to speed up the delivery of cargo by speeding up the execution of mandatory operations performed at transhipment points or by removing part of such operations altogether.

Kylourd A. Ablao, Cydric Nico L. Arena, N. Dao et al.

Freight forwarding plays a crucial role in international trade, facilitating the movement of goods through transportation, customs clearance, and documentation management. However, manual processing of transportation transactions in freight forwarding poses various challenges, including inaccurate documentation, inefficient routing and carrier selection, and delayed shipment booking, which can result in disruptions, higher costs, and customer dissatisfaction. To address these issues, the development of a Freight Forwarding Management System is essential by digitizing and automating transactions. Freight forwarding companies can improve accuracy, efficiency, and visibility in their operations. The integration of web and mobile applications enables streamlined order handling, accurate quotations, and an organized inventory. The system's performance was evaluated using the ISO 9126 model, and it received an “Excellent” rating, demonstrating its functionality, reliability, usability, portability, efficiency, and maintainability. Moreover, the inclusion of a best-fit algorithm in the scheduler system allows for both automatic and manual selection of drivers and vehicles by intelligently matching the most suitable drivers and vehicles to specific shipments, the scheduler system optimizes resource allocation, ensuring efficient utilization of assets and improved delivery performance. Through technological innovation, freight forwarding can overcome manual processing challenges and enhance operational performance to meet customer needs effectively.

Dhimas Bintang Bagaskara

POS Indonesia is one of the logistics platforms in Indonesia. POS Indonesia has a website that can be used to check shipping rates. The method used in testing the POS Indonesia website is to use black-box testing with boundary value analysis techniques. The test is carried out on the Calculate Shipping Rates form by measuring the minimum and maximum limits of the package weight and volume column. This test focuses on several available shipping options such as Special Express Posts, Express Posts, Instant Posts, and Economic Jumbo Posts. This test compares the test results with the delivery characteristics of all types of shipments on the Pos Indonesia website and focuses on the Calculate Shipping Rates section and will test several things such as maximum shipping weight, maximum dimensions of goods, minimum shipping weight, data reset button, and entering letters. on the weight of the goods. The results of this test can be used as input to improve the POS Indonesia website form so that when users use the web to calculate shipments, the data looks clearer and in accordance with the delivery provisions that have previously been made.