Hasil untuk "Political theory"

M. Gregg, Gregory J. Seigworth, Sara Ahmed et al.

Bo Rothstein, Jan Teorell

P. Hall, Daniel W. Gingerich

W. Riker, P. Ordeshook

Jay A Conger, R. N. Kanungo

D. S. Meyer

J. Sidanius, F. Pratto

R. Dworkin

J. Donnelly

Thierry Balzacq

The prime claim of the theory of securitization is that the articulation of security produces a specific threatening state of affairs. Within this theory, power is derived from the use of ‘appropriate’ words in conformity with established rules governing speech acts. I argue, however, that a speech act view of security does not provide adequate grounding upon which to examine security practices in ‘real situations’. For instance, many security utterances counter the ‘rule of sincerity’ and, the intrinsic power attributed to ‘security’ overlooks the objective context in which security agents are situated. As a corrective, I put forward three basic assumptions — (i) that an effective securitization is audience-centered; (ii) that securitization is context-dependent; (iii) that an effective securitization is power-laden. The insights gleaned from the investigation of these assumptions are progressively integrated into the pragmatic act of security, the value of which is to provide researchers in the field with a tractable number of variables to investigate in order to gain a better understanding of the linguistic manufacture of threats.

D. O. Sears, L. Huddy, R. Jervis

M. Polanyi

Thomas J. Leeper, Rune Slothuus

T. Kuran

J. Frynas, Siân Stephens

There has been rising interest in political corporate social responsibility (political CSR), defined as activities where CSR has an intended or unintended political impact, or where intended or unintended political impacts on CSR exist. Based on a survey and content analysis of 146 peer-reviewed academic articles from 18 journals over the 14-year period 2000–2013, this paper systematically reviews the existing applications of general theories (such as legitimacy theory, the resource-based view and Habermasian political theory) within the political CSR literature. The survey indicates that the political CSR field is dominated by institutional theory and stakeholder theory, but future theory development needs to go beyond these theories in order to address a number of critical gaps. This review specifically points to several avenues for future political CSR research with regard to the individual level of analysis, domain integration and political CSR in multinational enterprises. The paper ends with a call for a new theory-informed and pluralist research agenda on political CSR to integrate different perspectives and re-examine the role of the state.

R. Mokken

Olufemi Akanji Olaleye, Olusegun Stephen Titus

The agonizing afterlives of the traditional religion conquest and the cultural oath system alterations by the adherents of imported foreign religions to Nigeria brought spiritual favoritism to the Bible and the Quran as an object of oath. Consequently, the traditional religion suppressions emboldened Nigerian leaders and politicians to do away with the fears of the traditional gods, which they had earlier feared and venerated. Therefore, this study explores the afterlives of traditional religious slavery and the foreign politics of modern oath systems and their consequences on the socio-political lives of Nigerians. The study adopted an ethnographic method that included participant observation, interviews, and textual analysis. Secondary data were sourced from books and the internet. More so, the song of Fela Anikulapo was analysed, which exposes and itemizes the negative effects of traditional religious slavery in Nigeria. Based on the religious diversity theory, the study argues that Nigerian religious tradition differs from the foreign religious philosophies and doctrines; however, the skewedness of the two unequal religions has negative consequences on the socio-political lives of the people. Finding reveals that the exterminations of the cultural oath systems contributed to Nigeria's downfall with in-depth corruption, abject poverty, suffering, lack of social amenities, hopelessness, and sickness, ‘JAPA’, and early deaths in Nigeria. Findings also reveal that music is a useful weapon of historicity and excellent cultural ideological reawakening, and that music is significantly valuable to sustainable development. The study concludes that the antidote to cure Nigeria of endemic political imbroglio and economic challenges permanently is the resuscitation of the fearful cultural oath systems.

Najeb Masoud

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to revisit and refine Masoud’s (2017) CSR pyramid by addressing structural limitations common to hierarchical CSR models and aligning the framework with contemporary developments in ESG disclosure, corporate digital responsibility, and post-pandemic stakeholder expectations. Using a normative–integrative theory-building design, the study conducts a structured conceptual review and critical synthesis of 102 peer-reviewed sources (1990–2024), documented through a PRISMA-style screening flowchart and a transparent methods table. The resulting revision specifies CSR as a four-dimensional, interdependent architecture comprising economic responsibilities (ER), glocal responsibilities (GR), governance responsibilities (GVR), and philanthropic responsibilities (PR). The model retains the pedagogical familiarity of a “pyramid” while replacing rigid hierarchy with simultaneity and feedback among responsibilities. It also accommodates ethical pluralism by incorporating faith-informed concepts (illustratively, Islamic notions such as Amanah, Adl, and Maslaha) in an inclusive, non-prescriptive manner alongside established global norms. The contribution is conceptual: the framework clarifies construct boundaries, integration logic, and positioning relative to political CSR, strategic CSR/CSV, stakeholder salience, and digital accountability, while refraining from causal or performance claims. Limitations include the study’s non-empirical scope, challenges of operationalising ethically plural constructs across contexts, and the strictly heuristic status of TCSR = ER + GR + GVR + PR, for which validated indicators and weights are not yet available. A research agenda is proposed to develop measurement architectures (including corporate digital responsibility metrics) and to test boundary conditions across sectors and governance regimes.

R. Pande

S. Walgrave, P. Aelst