Elena Aversa, Michele Mauri, María de los Ángeles Briones Rojas
et al.
This article examines how Information Design can support Media and Information Literacy (MIL), with a focus on Artificial Intelligence (AI) literacy in informal learning contexts such as libraries. Drawing from MIL research and case studies, we identify three methodological approaches: data-mediated design, diagrammatic representation, and scalability of reproduction, enabling low-tech and easily localizable resources. These principles were applied in Supercharged by AI, an exhibition that travelled across ten European countries and explored how AI shapes online experiences. We discuss two artefacts to demonstrate how this framework can make AI literacy accessible, adaptable and engaging,across diverse audiences. Early findings indicate strong potential for scalability and relevance, while also revealing areas for improvement, particularly in relation to information density and the need for guided mediation.
Carla Sedini, Laura Cipriani, Stefano Maffei
et al.
The article explores the use of participatory design processes, methods, and tools to develop interactive healthcare and wellbeing solutions involving children with motor disabilities and their caregiving system. This contribution provides a theoretical framework focused on the engagement roles that children participating in co-design processes can play, providing the description of BODYSOUND, a pilot project developed within the SISCODE H2020 European project. We will present the co-design process divided into two main phases: co-creation and co-development. For each of these phases, we carried out iterative design actions that will be presented according to the role with which children are engaged, the targets involved, and methods to collect data. All of these were subjected to the primary goal of each design action. The final part systematizes the results of the analysis and identifies different goals and methods for children’s participation according to specific design phases.
در این پژوهش تولید ماده آهاردهی بر پایه لیگنین استحصال شده از مایع پخت سیاه باقیمانده از فرایند خمیرکاغذسازی سودا بررسی شد. لیگنین استحصال شده ابتدا برای بهبود میزان واکنشپذیری و افزایش قابلیت انحلال در آب طبق پروتکل فرایند سولفومتیلدار کردن، تحت اصلاح شیمیایی قرار گرفت. سپس سطح کاغذ آزمون لاینر با لیگنین اصلاح نشده (خام) و لیگنین سولفومتیلدار شده به طور خالص و یا در ترکیب با نشاسته پوششدهی شد. تصاویر SEM حاکی از مطلوبیت لیگنین سودا برای پر کردن منافذ و ایجاد یک فیلم همگن در سطح کاغذ است. مقدار زبری در کاغذ تیمار شده با لیگنین اصلاح نشده به طور نسبی افزایش یافت. نتایج حاکی از تاثیر مطلوب اصلاح شیمیایی لیگنین در بهبود مقدار روشنی کاغذها است. اگرچه، شاخص زردی برای تیمار حاوی لیگنین اصلاح نشده به مقدار قابل ملاحظهای کمتر از تیمار شاهد بود، اما افزودن نشاسته و یا اصلاح شیمیایی لیگنین باعث افزایش نسبی مقدار شاخص زردی شد. نتایج حاکی از افزایش مقدار دانسیته نوری برای کاغذهای آهاردهی شده با لیگنین خالص است.
Ludovica Rosato, Juri-Apollo Drews, Antoine Tour
et al.
This article points out strategies for designers to reduce the generation of pre- and post-consumer waste in the textile industry by focusing on the aspects of seamlessness, mono-materiality and mechanical recyclability. It further presents “Trouser prototype 1”, a proposal for a seamless, mono-material and fully recyclable garment that uses knit/weave hybrids and innovative fastening systems and that arose from an international and interdisciplinary design collaboration.
Raghav Narasimha, Della Vincent, Arun Kenath
et al.
Black Holes are not expected to form in the mass range of 60 M<sub>⊙</sub> to 130 M<sub>⊙</sub> because of the Pair-Instability Supernova (PISN). However, the recent observational evidence of GW190521 does not comply with the existing theory. Here, we have looked into the effects of Dark Matter (DM) in the progenitors of PISN in terms of luminosity, lifetime and temperature and have shown that in the presence of DM particles, the progenitors can overcome the PISN stage to collapse into a black hole (BH) as a remnant.
Mechanical drawing. Engineering graphics, Physical and theoretical chemistry
Using a life-centered packaging design approach in the context of packaging applications for consumer goods, this paper presents a conceptual model for the concurrent development of packaging, product, logistics process, and supply chain (SC). The objective is to enhance the understanding of packaging logistics and logistics management in SCs and to identify current packaging logistics issues in the SC. The four-dimensional concurrent engineering (4DCE) framework, based on the alignment of and interaction between SC, logistics, packaging, and product, is used to increase overall SC efficiency. The model is applied and tested via three case studies within different industries. The results indicate improved understanding and knowledge-sharing between SC actors, with collaborative efforts leading to an increased overall SC performance.
A locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi-I model filled with strange quark matter is explored in <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> gravity, where <i>R</i> is the Ricci scalar, <i>T</i> is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> is an arbitrary constant. Exact solutions are obtained by assuming that the expansion scalar is proportional to the shear scalar. The model is found to be physically viable for <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>λ</mi><mo><</mo><mo>−</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Strange quark matter at early times mimics ultra-relativistic radiation whereas at late times it behaves as dust, quintessence, or even the cosmological constant for some specified values of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The effective matter acts as stiff matter irrespective of the matter content and of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> gravity. The model is shear-free at late times but remains anisotropic throughout the evolution.
Mechanical drawing. Engineering graphics, Physical and theoretical chemistry
How might design principles and practices adapt their approaches to create innovation and attend to the diversity that characterize the contemporary world? This reflection leverages the involvement of a plurality of peoples each inhabiting different geographies, including voices from the fringes, outside the mainstream, to pick up on new trends, practices, and future references of globalization. The relationship between Design and Innovation represents the field of research of the Latin Network for the Development of Design Processes, founded in 2008 and now operating through the Advanced Design Unit of the Università di Bologna. It operates as an intercultural zone of encounter and discussion, as a seedbed for creativity and ideas. The paper intends to investigate the roots, processes and cultural flows that characterize design innovation, considering Advanced Design as the framework within which innovation is contextualized, activating research on the geographies of innovation promoted by/with/for the design cultures, considering their changes and mutations: a collective creativity may recover in design its capacity to operate in a more political way, a praxis that works responsibly to facilitate the process and platforms for collaboration at different scales, local, global but always oriented to include and enhance our social capability to aspire, our responsibility to be critical and constructive.
Amina Pereno, Eleonora Fiore, Paolo Tamborrini
et al.
The new Circular Economy models prompt designers to relocate artefacts within socio-technical systems in which the value of the product, its components, and its materials are maintained and not wasted. Design tools such as product disassembly are not only gaining new impetus in the design field but are also becoming important educational resources. In the past, the strategies of Design-for-X and Design for Disassembly have only dealt with technologically complex products, but today, the contextual turn of the challenges that designers must face requires urgent reflection on everyday products. In particular, packaging combines environmental and functional issues with important communication requirements, thus bridging different design disciplines. The paper presents and discusses the case study of a packaging disassembly exercise carried out within the Politecnico di Torino. The results show the effectiveness of disassembly as a design tool to analyse everyday products and foster the critical and forward-looking attitude of young designers.
The aim of this study was to stress the importance of investigating the properties of preservation enclosure materials in order to identify the ones that are able to protect their contents more efficiently. Since not all information on materials is covered by international standards and technical specifications, nine paper-based materials used for making preservation enclosures (file folders, passepartouts, boxes etc.) were investigated. A selective analysis of the materials' properties was carried out to determine smoothness, water absorptiveness, water wettability, water vapor permeability, tensile strength, folding endurance, bursting strength, puncture strength, as well as loss of bursting strength caused by dry heat and 100% RH. Results obtained from measuring smoothness, water absorptiveness, water wettability and water vapor transmission rate indicate that a material outside of ISO 16245:2009 grammage requirements for making file covers can exhibit more desirable properties than the one that meets multiple standards for storage and preservation. Additionally, results showed that bursting strength of enclosure materials was significantly affected by both extreme microclimate conditions. However, 100% RH had affected bursting strength of the investigated materials more than dry heat. The presented procedure proved to be a useful indicator of materials’ properties within the context of heritage collections preservation and storage.
The aim of this study is to compare laserjet printing and inkjet printing properties on recycled papers. In the study, we recycled reference papers prepared in accordance with the INGEDE 11p standard. After recycling the papers, we produced test papers in the laboratory environment and examined the physical and optical properties of the obtained papers. We applied calendering process at 100 oC temperature and 20 bar pressure on the obtained test papers. After this process, we printed trigromy color measurement scales with inkjet and laserjet printers on the test papers obtaine Finally, using the spectrophotometer, we determined the printing properties of both print types. When we examined the results, we determined that in most of the printability parameters, laserjet had a superior performance and was a more usable printing system. For example, while the inkjet cyan density value is 0.94, the laserjet is 1.05. While M + Y trapping value was 28.23 in inkjet, it was 92.20 in laserjet. For example, we found the Gloss value as 2.53 in inkjet and 4.23 in laserjet. While inkjet cyan print chroma value is 44.03, it is 48.09 in laserjet. In addition, we determined that laserjet printing reached a wider area as a color gamut. Based on the color measurement results of both printing types, we have determined that the printability of recycled papers is reasonable. We have determined with experimental results that laserjet printing produces better quality prints in a short time, especially in the office environment.
This research is concerned with the effects of the geometrical parameters of the die in elevated temperature Hydro-Mechanical Deep Drawing (HMDD) process of 2024 aluminum alloy. A Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) process was used to train a neural network in order to study the process behavior. Based on the maximum reduction in sheet thickness and the uniformity of the final product, an objective function was constructed. The Bees Algorithm (BA) was used to achieve the optimal values for process variables. To verify the simulation results, they were compared with the experimental findings gained via this research and an appropriate correlation was observed between these results. This comparison showed that, by optimization of the geometrical parameters of the process, the value of the combined objective function was the best one compared with all of the cases tried in the present investigation.
In this research work, dimensionless models based on geometric parameters have been developed for the deep drawing process of rectangular cups to reduce the manufacturing costs on a large scale of application in a noticeable way. In the following, geometric parameters were given in dimensionless form by the Π-Buckingham dimensional analysis method and a series of dimensionless groups were found for both circular and rectangular initial blank. To find the best group of dimensionless geometric parameters, different cup scales 1:1, 2:1, 4:1 and 5:1 are evaluated numerically by ABAQUS Finite Element (FE) software, validated by experimental work. After all effective geometric parameters have been analyzed, the best fitting relational model of dimensionless parameters is found for rectangular and circular blank separately. Various thicknesses of St12 sheet metals were used for experimental validation, which were formed at room temperature. Also, results and response parameters were compared in the simulation process, experimental tests and dimensionless models. By looking at the outcomes, it is demonstrated that the geometric qualities of a large scale can be predicted by a small scale, utilizing the proposed dimensionless model. A comparison of the outcomes for dimensionless models and experimental tests shows that proposed dimensionless models have a high degree of precision in determining geometrical parameters and the prediction of drawing force. Furthermore, the dimensionless analysis was generalized to ensure high precision estimation of geometric values for large geometric scales.