Hasil untuk "History of Italy"

Richard de Grijs

[Abridged] In the late nineteenth century, Mars emerged as one of the most intensively reported astronomical objects in the popular press, driven by favourable oppositions, improved telescopic capabilities and growing speculation regarding planetary habitability. I examine how Mars was interpreted in Australian newspapers between the 1870s and 1899, focusing on the ways in which astronomical knowledge was framed, contextualised and debated within a colonial media environment. Drawing on a large collection of digitised newspaper articles, I analyse how observational authority, instrumental credibility and individual expertise were harnessed in press reporting. The paper situates Australian Mars coverage within a global network of scientific communication dominated by metropolitan centres in Europe and North America, while highlighting the distinctive role played by southern-hemisphere visibility. Australian observatories and observers were frequently positioned as contributors of confirmatory observation rather than interpretive leadership, reinforcing a pattern of locally grounded but internationally oriented scientific engagement. The analysis traces a shift from early emphasis on disciplined observation and measurement to later periods characterised by contested interpretations, particularly surrounding the so-called Martian "canals" and the speculative claims advanced by personalities such as Percival Lowell in the USA. By examining how newspapers mediated between observational astronomy, engineering analogies and popular imagination, this study contributes to a broader understanding of how planetary science entered public discourse beyond metropolitan centres. In doing so, it underscores the active role of colonial newspapers in shaping scientific meaning and situates Australian Mars reporting within the wider history of nineteenth-century astronomical culture.

Aneta Wielgosz

In this article, I analyze the use of characters from Disney comics and films for children in contemporary Italian comics for the adult public by two authors: Zerocalcare and Dr. Pira. I aim to describe the purposes of the use of these characters and to establish whether the comics in which they are used are an example of disneyization or an example of its criticism. In Italy, Disney has a particular cultural position, due to the enormous popularity of Disney comics and films. The use of Disney characters has a history in Italian underground comics. My analysis is based both on formal comics analysis and on a cultural approach to comics. I refer also to analysis of disneyization by Alan Bryman and Dario Bonifacio. As shown in the article, the common purpose for which comic authors use Disney characters is to establish a community of experience with their readers. They also use these characters for comical purposes, mostly based on the contrast between adult content and childlike form. In these comics there are some elements of disneyization (especially in Zerocalcare), however there are also elements of criticism towards Disney and disneyization. Zerocalcare openly criticizes values present in Disney’s comics and Dr. Pira resists disneyization by negating Disney’s language.

Luca Cistrone, Emiliano Mori, Mariella Baratti et al.

ABSTRACT Islands provide unique opportunities to study historical biogeography, acting as both cradles of endemism and active corridors for species dispersal. The Sicilian Channel, which separates Sicily from the Maghreb, exemplifies this complexity. We investigated the colonisation history of the lesser horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros) on Pantelleria Island (southern Italy) to assess whether its population derives from Europe or North Africa. Because R. hipposideros has limited dispersal ability and is largely sedentary, its occurrence on Pantelleria raises questions about past connectivity across the Channel. We analysed mitochondrial markers (COI, cyt‐b, 12S) from Pantelleria, Malta, Algeria, and across the species' range. Phylogenetic and haplotype network analyses place Pantelleria and Malta in a well‐supported clade sister to North African lineages and distinct from European populations. Time‐calibrated analyses based on cyt‐b suggest that the Pantelleria–Malta group diverged from North African conspecifics around 200,000 years ago (MIS 7.2). A palaeogeographical reconstruction for this interval indicates lowered sea level reduced the marine gap between Pantelleria and Tunisia to about 68 km, consistent with over‐sea colonisation from North Africa. The short available sequences for conspecific European bats suggest considering these inferences as provisional. Within these limitations, our results are most consistent with a Maghrebian origin for Pantelleria's R. hipposideros, while alternative routes (including European sources) cannot be excluded. Broader genomic sampling, especially from Sicily and Morocco, will be required to resolve colonisation direction and fully establish the population's biogeographic history. More generally, our findings reinforce the view of the Sicilian Channel as an asymmetrically permeable biogeographic corridor that can facilitate faunal exchange across the central Mediterranean.

Theresa Westgård, Gianluca Bianco, Alessandro Nobili et al.

Abstract Background When admitted to hospital for unplanned medical needs, the complexity of multiple conditions, including cognitive and mental health, might put older people at greater risk, affecting their survival. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment versus cognitive impairment with depression and their association with six-month mortality in older people after an unplanned hospital admission in Italy. Methods In Re.Po.SI. a multi-centre study performed in Italy, standardized web-based case report forms were used to collect data on socio-demographic factors, clinical parameters, diagnoses, treatment history and at discharge, clinical events during hospitalization, and outcome data was collected. A comprehensive geriatric assessment was conducted using Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-4), Barthel Index, and Short Blessed Test (SBT). To explore the interrelationship between depression and cognitive impairment, a variable categorized the study population into four mutually exclusive groups. This variable assessed the association between its categories and six-month mortality in a Cox multivariate analysis. Results One thousand nine hundred fifty six participants were included, with a median age of 80 years (IQR: 73–85). Those who died within six months were likely to be older (82 vs. 79 years), male (56.2% vs. 47.2%), had moderately reduced ability to perform daily activities (82.0 vs. 93.0), exhibited greater illness severity (CIRS-IS: 1.8 vs. 1.6), had more chronically prescribed medications (6.0 vs. 5.0), and had a worse SBT score (10.0 vs. 7.0). When stratified based on cognitive impairment and depression, one-third had neither condition (33.2%), 21.9% had depression, 20.7% had a cognitive impairment, and 24.3% had both conditions. Six-month mortality was higher among people with cognitive impairment only (33.2%) followed by those with both conditions (28.8%), and depression only (22.7%). The unadjusted semi-parametric survival analysis revealed that the hazard ratio (HR) for people with cognitive impairment only was 2.08, for those with both conditions HR was 1.75, and for people with depression only HR was 1.30. Conclusion While depression alone may contribute to mortality risk, cognitive impairment appears to play a more substantial role in increasing the risk of dying within 6 month from an acute hospitalization. Further research is needed to confirm these finding.

Roberto Regoli

This article situates the papacy of Benedict XVI at the crossroads of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, focusing on theological, cultural, and political developments. It brings out his subtle critique of modernity, his opposition to relativism, and his appeal for a renewed dialogue between Christianity and Enlightenment rationality. It is his sense of faith and reason that, in mutual purifying, forms his support of the public role of religion in peacemaking and moral order. Through moments like the Regensburg Address and his inter-religious dialogues, Benedict XVI emerges as a defender of the place of religion in society while rejecting both religious fundamentalism and secularist reductionism. The paper also examines how Benedict grounded human rights in natural law, thereby differentiating those from other fundamental rights emanating from more contemporary sociopolitical claims. The article places his papacy within the larger frame of Catholic social doctrine, focusing on the role of the Church in promoting peace through cultural and interreligious dialogue, particularly with Islam.

Xiyue Zhu, Peng Tang, Haofu Liao et al.

Language models have led to a leap forward in web automation. The current web automation approaches take the current web state, history actions, and language instruction as inputs to predict the next action, overlooking the importance of history states. However, the highly verbose nature of web page states can result in long input sequences and sparse information, hampering the effective utilization of history states. In this paper, we propose a novel web history compressor approach to turbocharge web automation using history states. Our approach employs a history compressor module that distills the most task-relevant information from each history state into a fixed-length short representation, mitigating the challenges posed by the highly verbose history states. Experiments are conducted on the Mind2Web and WebLINX datasets to evaluate the effectiveness of our approach. Results show that our approach obtains 1.2-5.4% absolute accuracy improvements compared to the baseline approach without history inputs.

Arno Simons

This paper explores the potential of contextualized word embeddings (CWEs) as a new tool in the history, philosophy, and sociology of science (HPSS) for studying contextual and evolving meanings of scientific concepts. Using the term "Planck" as a test case, I evaluate five BERT-based models with varying degrees of domain-specific pretraining, including my custom model Astro-HEP-BERT, trained on the Astro-HEP Corpus, a dataset containing 21.84 million paragraphs from 600,000 articles in astrophysics and high-energy physics. For this analysis, I compiled two labeled datasets: (1) the Astro-HEP-Planck Corpus, consisting of 2,900 labeled occurrences of "Planck" sampled from 1,500 paragraphs in the Astro-HEP Corpus, and (2) a physics-related Wikipedia dataset comprising 1,186 labeled occurrences of "Planck" across 885 paragraphs. Results demonstrate that the domain-adapted models outperform the general-purpose ones in disambiguating the target term, predicting its known meanings, and generating high-quality sense clusters, as measured by a novel purity indicator I developed. Additionally, this approach reveals semantic shifts in the target term over three decades in the unlabeled Astro-HEP Corpus, highlighting the emergence of the Planck space mission as a dominant sense. The study underscores the importance of domain-specific pretraining for analyzing scientific language and demonstrates the cost-effectiveness of adapting pretrained models for HPSS research. By offering a scalable and transferable method for modeling the meanings of scientific concepts, CWEs open up new avenues for investigating the socio-historical dynamics of scientific discourses.

--- Various Authors

Selected Abstracts of the 19th International Workshop on Neonatology and Pediatrics; Cagliari (Italy); October 18th-21st, 2023 FROM WOMB TO AGING, FROM MEDICAL HISTORY TO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE   The Workshop has been organized with the patronage of UENPS (Union of European Neonatal and Perinatal Societies), UMEMPS (Union of Middle-Eastern and Mediterranean Pediatric Societies), SIP (Italian Society of Pediatrics), SIN (Italian Society of Neonatology), SIAIP (Italian Society of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology), SIPO (Italian Society of Hospital Pediatricians), SI-DOHaD (Italian Society of DOHaD [Developmental Origins of Health and Disease]), SIBioC (Italian Society of Clinical Biochemistry), SIPPS (Italian Society of Preventive and Social Pediatrics), S.I.P.Ped. (Italian Society of Pediatric Psychology), SIGIA (Italian Society of Gynecology of Infancy and Adolescence), CONAPP (Italian Association of Chiefs of Pediatric Divisions), SIN-INF (Italian Society of Neonatal Nursing), IAPS (Italian Arabian Society of Pediatrics), Alfred Nobel’s Study Center, GNNNP (Norman Group of Neonatal and Pediatric Nephrology), IRPS (Italian Romanian Pediatric Society), RSP (Romanian Society of Pediatrics), IPMC (International Pedia Mediterranean Conference).   ABS 1. TOTAL HEAD GROWTH IN PATIENTS WITH PKU DIAGNOSED BY NEWBORN SCREENING TEST • B.A. Ibrahim, S.A. Hussein, A.E. Ali, R.H. Baaker ABS 2. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: THE “TALKING ABOUT” ALGO­RITHM • V. Fanos, A. Dessì, L. Deledda, A. Lai, P. Ranzi, I. Avellino, F. Marinaro, S. Petza, R. Pintus, G. Oliverio, S.G. Vitale, S. Angioni, A. Colangelo ABS 3. PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGICAL SPONDYLOLIS­THESIS: THE CONTRIBUTION OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE AND ORTHO­DONTICS • A. Scribante, M. Pellegrini, M. Ghizzoni, M.G. Nardi, B. Rocca, M. Monticone ABS 4. A NEW PEDIATRIC INITIATIVE FOR CLINICAL GOVERNANCE: THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF CHIEFS OF PEDIATRIC DIVISIONS • S. Rugolotto, E. Cortis, C. Cavalli, A. Cualbu, L. Martemucci, G. Parisi, G. Pennoni, E. Ponticiello, V. Tipo, D. Minasi ABS 5. A RARE VARIANT OF BECKER MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY • B.M. Trapani ABS 6. HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-6 INFECTION AS A CAUSE OF RHABDOMYOLYSIS IN TODDLER • M.E. Picciau, P. Beretta, V. Ibba, S. Mameli, F.F. Comisi, S. Savasta ABS 7. BREASTFEEDING FOLLOW-UP: FROM BIRTH TO 6 MONTHS OF CORRECT AGE IN A COHORT OF VLBW NEWBORNS • C. Peila, L. Riboldi, S. Deantoni, C. Tricerri, E. Bertino, A. Coscia ABS 8. SIXTH CRANIAL NERVE PALSY: NOT ALL IS AS IT SEEMS! • S. Galzignato, F. Marino, G. Margheri, F. Rigon, S. Bellonzi, C. Lorenzetto, G. Passarella, F. Sansone, E. Cuppini, S. Rugolotto ABS 9. THE EMERGENCE OF CONSCIOUSNESS-STATE DEPENDENT COMPLEXITY: SEPs AND PERTURBATION COMPLEXITY INDEX IN NEWBORNS AND YOUNG INFANTS • E. Sportaro, C. Peila, L. Riboldi, S. Deantoni, A. Rossi Sebastiano, I. Ronga, K. Poles, S. Russo, A. Comanducci, A. Coscia, E. Bertino, A. Pigorini, F. Garbarini ABS 10. URINARY GC-MS METABOLOMICS OF SAR­DINIAN CYSTIC FIBROSIS PATIENTS REVEALS UNIQUE MUTATION-CLASS DEPENDENT SIG­NATURES • M. Spada, A. Noto, C. Piras, G. Diana, K.K. Kopeć, V. Fanos, L. Atzori, M. Zanda ABS 11. EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG MRI SCORING SYSTEMS AND NEURO­DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME AT 2 YEARS IN INFANTS WITH HIE AFTER THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA • M. Vendemmia, C.V. Lambiase, G. Mansi, G. Terrone, D. Pacella, C. Paolella, A. Romano, A. Romano, C. Colinet, R. Russo, F. Carraturo, L. Capasso, F. Raimondi ABS 12. A FEMALE INFANT WITH GESTATIONAL AGE 22+4 WEEKS. A CASE REPORT • E. Tsianaka, K. Angelou, M. Diakosavvas, A. Kontogiannie, A. Charitou ABS 13. DIAGNOSTIC-THERAPEUTIC PATHWAYS OF NTDs • A. Bertini, C.M. Manca, M.C. Mulvoni, M. Marsan, P. Sechi, V. Manca, M. Zanda, F. Zurrida, M. Balzarini, G. Masnata ABS 14. IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS: HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAN ASSIST CURRENT AND FUTURE CLINICAL PRACTICE • G. Uccheddu, K.K. Kopeć ABS 15. CLINICAL-PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATIONS BETWEEN ABNORMAL PLACENTAL VASCU­LAR DEVELOPMENT AND UNFAVORABLE NEO­NATAL OUTCOME: A MULTIFACTORIAL STUDY • V. Chessa, M. Vincis, A. Canino, C. Gerosa, D. Fanni ABS 16. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS IN ATRX SYNDROME: HOW TO DEAL WITH THEM? • A. Abis, F.F. Comisi, E. Esposito, C. Melis, C. Soddu, M. Marica, S. Savasta ABS 17. ACCESSES TO PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY UNIT CAUSED BY DOMESTIC ACCIDENT: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY • P. Ajovalasit, A. Carollo ABS 18. HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE. HALLMARK OF NEONATAL RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYN­DROME • A. Canino, V. Chessa, M. Vincis, D. Fanni, C. Gerosa ABS 19. IMPACT OF TWINNING ON SHORT-TERM CLI­NICAL OUTCOMES OF PRETERM INFANTS: A PROTOCOL STUDY • L. Riboldi, C. Peila, D. Ferri, E. Spada, E. Bertino, A. Coscia ABS 20. PHENOTYPICAL EXPRESSION OF AHDC1 DE NOVO TRUNCANT MUTATIONS: A RARE DISEASE • B.M. Trapani ABS 21. IS THE IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME A MANI­FESTATION OF DISTRESS IN PARENTS OF PRETERM INFANTS? PRELIMINARY FINDINGS FROM A LONGITUDINAL FOLLOW-UP STUDY • C.V. Lambiase, G. Mansi, M. Pesce, G. Sarnelli, M.C. Zurlo, S. Salomè, S. Russo, F. Carraturo, F. Raimondi, L. Capasso ABS 22. EXPERIMENTAL PILOT PROJECT: “LET’S HELP EACH OTHER: INTEGRATED PSYCHOLOGIST-PEDIATRICIAN HEALTH INTERVENTIONS IN THE PEDIATRIC first aid post OF AUGUSTA”. A SERVICE FOR FAMILIES • A. Donzelli, R. Castro, D. Carrabino ABS 23. A SEVERE HYPERLACTACIDEMIA IN A DOLL FACE INFANT: DIAGNOSIS OF GLYCOGENO­SIS 1B • M. Balzarini, M. Toto, P. Currao, L. Manunza, M. Tiddia, D. Manunza, G. Masnata, S.R. Giglio, M. Zanda ABS 24. LESS INVASIVE SURFACTANT ADMINISTRA­TION (LISA). RESULTS IN APPLYING THIS METHOD IN OUR NICU (BETWEEN APRIL 2019 AND DECEMBER 2022) • E. Tsianaka, K. Angelou, M. Diakosavvas, A. Kontogiannie, A. Charitou ABS 25. MONITORING OF URINARY TRACT COMPLICA­TIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SPINA BIFIDA • M.C. Mulvoni, C.M. Manca, A. Bertini, M. Marsan, P. Sechi, V. Manca, G. Masnata ABS 26. PEDIATRIC FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL DIS­ORDER: THE COMMUNICATION OF DIAGNOSIS IS THE START OF THE TREATMENT • D. Suglia, S. Biscuola, F. Rigon, S. Rugolotto ABS 27. THE IMPORTANCE OF FINE-NEEDLE ASPI­RATION CYTOLOGY IN THE PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS OF PEDIATRIC MALIGNANT THY­ROID NODULES: A CASE SERIES • V. Chessa, M. Vincis, A. Canino, E. Noto, E. Sanna, M.L. Altana, G. Pinna, P.G. Calò, L. Secci, C. Gerosa, D. Fanni, M.L. Lai ABS 28. UNDERSTANDING ELEMENTARY PLACENTAL LESIONS: DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN PATHO­LOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE CLINICAL PRACTICE • C. Gerosa ABS 29. USE OF SELUMETINIB IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH NF1 AND PLEXIFORM NEUROFIBROMAS • G.M. Cortes, A. Piras, C. Tognazzi, P. Sulas, C. Soddu, S. Savasta ABS 30. A CASE STUDY OF THE EUROPEAN LIFE MILCH PROJECT: CORRELATION BETWEEN MATERNAL NUTRITION, BREASTFEEDING AND GROWTH • E. Sanna, V. Di Chiara, R. Pintus, V. Fanos, M.E. Street, P. Palanza, A.M. Papini, S. Petza, A. Dessì ABS 31. PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGICAL PAIN: THE IN­FLUENCE ON THE POSTURE OF THE HEAD AND THE SPINE • A. Scribante, M. Pellegrini, M. Ghizzoni, M.G. Nardi, B. Rocca, M. Monticone ABS 32. USE OF GRIFFITHS III SCALES IN A COHORT OF PRETERM AND VLBW INFANTS: EVALUATION OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES • G. Acuto, C. Peila, L. Riboldi, M. Capitanio, D. Ferri, E. Bertino, E. Spada, A. Coscia ABS 33. TRAUMA IN PARENTS AND CHILDREN IN CASE OF HOSPITALIZATION OF THE NEWBORN IN THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT • S. Petza, R. Pintus, A. Dessì, V. Fanos ABS 34. AN ITCH… THAT GOES TO THE BONE • S. Galzignato, F. Marino, G. Margheri, F. Rigon, S. Bellonzi, C. Lorenzetto, G. Passarella, F. Sansone, E. Cuppini, S. Rugolotto ABS 35. THE IMPORTANCE OF PLACENTAL ANALYSIS IN INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION • M. Vincis, V. Chessa, A. Canino, L. Nonnis, E. Sanna, D. Fanni, C. Gerosa  ABS 36. A RARE CASE OF URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA • P. Baldussu, L. Nonnis, E. Noto, J. Caschili, R. Murru, M.L. Corbeddu, C. Ferreli, J. Anedda, C. Gerosa, D. Fanni, L. Pilloni ABS 37. EUROPEAN LIFE MILCH PROJECT: MATER­NAL OBESITY AND NEONATAL GROWTH, BREASTFEEDING AND NEURODEVELOPMENT • V. Di Chiara, E. Sanna, S. Petza, A. Dessì, M.E. Street, P. Palanza, A.M. Papini, V. Fanos ABS 38. RARE DISEASES AND COMPLICATIONS: DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS AND POMC DEFICIENCY. A CASE REPORT • C. Melis, F.F. Comisi, A. Abis, E. Esposito, C. Soddu, M. Marica, S. Savasta ABS 39. HEMORRHAGIC DIARRHEA: WHEN PURPURA TAKES OVER • F. Marino, E. Visonà, S. Galzignato, G. Margheri, F. Rigon, S. Bellonzi, C. Lorenzetto, G. Passarella, F. Sansone, E. Cuppini, S. Rugolotto ABS 40. HIGHLIGHTS FOR MANAGEMENT OF BLADDER BOWEL DYSFUNCTION IN CHILDREN • M. Marsan, P. Sechi, A. Bertini, M.C. Mulvoni, C.M. Manca, V. Manca, M. Zanda, F. Zurrida, M. Balzarini, G. Masnata ABS 41. POLYCHONDRITIS COMPLICATED BY NE­PHRITIS IN CHILDHOOD: DESCRIPTION OF A CLINICAL CASE WITH CUTANEOUS VAS­CULITIS AND PANCA POSITIVITY WITH ATYPI­CAL PATTERN • V. Ibba, S. Campus, E. Esposito, S. Savasta ABS 42. TWINNING AS A RISK FACTOR FOR NEO­NATAL ACUTE INTESTINAL DISEASES • C. Peila, L. Riboldi, M. Capitanio, D. Ferri, E. Bertino, E. Spada, A. Coscia ABS 43. INHIBITED CATATONIA IN AN INSTITU­TIONALIZED 17-YEAR-OLD MALE: A IATRO­GENIC CASE REPORT • F. Marino, S. Galzignato, F. Rigon, S. Bellonzi, C. Lorenzetto, G. Passarella, F. Sansone, E. Cuppini, S. Rugolotto, D. Suglia ABS 44. A RARE CASE OF NEUROLOGICAL COM­PLICATIONS IN WAARDENBURG-SHAH SYN­DROME • E. Esposito, F.F. Comisi, A. Abis, C. Melis, C. Soddu, M. Marica, S. Savasta ABS 45. EVOLUTION OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CON­GENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA (CHD) IN THE HISTORY OF PEDIATRICS • D. Franceschetti, F. Camerlo, S. Rugolotto ABS 46. HOW TO DEAL WITH NEONATAL POST-OPERATIVE PAIN: STRONGER TOGETHER • M. Loi, A. Corrias, G. Serrau, V. Marinelli, D. Gariel, F. Birocchi, F. Cioglia, D. Manus, A. Reali, V. Fanos ABS 47. NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: ARE THERE LINKS OR SYMPTOMATOLOGICAL SIMI­LARITIES BETWEEN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS, ASPERGER SYNDROME, SAVANT SYNDROME? • S. Vendemmia, D. Perri, G. Parisi, M. Vendemmia ABS 48. DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS IN A CHILD WITH POMC DEFICIENCY: CASE REPORT FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF A PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT • A. Abis, P. Porqueddu, G. Cherchi ABS 49. IF YOU EAT WHEAT, IT IS BETTER TO SIT! A CASE OF WHEAT-DEPENDENT EXERCISE-INDUCED ANAPHYLAXIS • G. Milano, S. Forestieri, M. De Filippo, M. Votto, G.L. Marseglia, A. Licari ABS 50. A BLOOD STORY • F. Sau, G. Colucci, L. Anedda, G. Cherchi ABS 51. A GASTROENTERITIS THAT RETURNS • I. Pezone, C. Mautone, N.M. Schiavone, G. Bottigliero, A. Coronella, R. Coppola ABS 52. WHEN A SEDATION CAN CHANGE LIFE. AN INCIDENTAL NEUROBLASTOMA • A. Paladini, A. Dell’Anna, S. Filoni, G. Lezzi, M. Benelli, E. Altavilla, P. Paladini ABS 53. AN UNUSUAL SWELLING • A. Bertini, S. Corda, G. Cherchi ABS 54. ACUTE URTICARIA IN PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY ROOM: WHAT CAUSES? • I. Pezzone, C. Mautone, C. Cioffi, I. Schiavone, G. Gagliardo, D. Perri ABS 55. WHEN THE FIRST DIAGNOSIS IS NOT ENOUGH: A STRANGE PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR ONSET • A. Paladini, M.M. Quarta, F. Tramacere, I. Chillura, E. Di Muri, A. Greco, P. Paladini ABS 56. EATING DISORDERS IN CHILDREN AND ADO­LESCENTS: INTEGRATED CLINICAL MANAGE­MENT EXPERIENCE IN THE PROVINCE OF ROVIGO, A SINGLE CENTER STUDY • D. Suglia, S. Biscuola, S. Rugolotto, S. Galzignato, S. Bassini, V. Corazzini, L. Andreotti ABS 57. ATYPICAL PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA: A RARE CASE IN A CHILD • E. Noto, E. Sanna, V. Chessa, P. Baldussu, F. Carta, R. Puxeddu, D. Fanni, C. Gerosa ABS 58. EXPERIENCES OF TELEMEDICINE: A RELYING SOLUTION TO THE PANDEMIC CHALLENGES IN PROVIDING HEALTHCARE SERVICES AND COMMUNICATION • M.C. Mulvoni, G.M. Cortes, S. Dessì, V. Manca, G. Masnata ABS 59. PSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFICULTIES EXPERIENCED BY SUBJECTS SUFFERING FROM TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS • E.M. Merlo, R. Tutino, L.A. MacKenzie Myles, S. Settineri, M.C. Lia, D. Minasi ABS 60. THE CHRONICITY IN CHILDHOOD AND ADO­LESCENCE: NEW PERSPECTIVES OF TAKING CHARGE • V. Fontana, C. Mascolino ABS 61. A BARTONELLA HENSELAE INFECTION, COM­PLICATED BY HEMOPHAGOCYTIC LYMPHO­HISTIOCYTOSIS, MIMICS SYSTEMIC JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS ONSET IN A 4-YEAR-OLD CHILD • V. Ibba, S. Campus, P. Beretta, M.E. Picciau, S. Mameli, S. Savasta ABS 62. PARENTING STYLE IN ADOLESCENT RESTRIC­TIVE ANOREXIA NERVOSA • M. Siciliano, M. Solimeno, F. Salerno, M.G. Gleijeses, S. Marcelli, G. Fiacco, M. Carotenuto  ABS 63. PILOT STUDY ON PERSONALITY ASPECTS IN RESTRICTIVE ANOREXIA NERVOSA • M. Siciliano, F. Salerno, M.G. Gleijeses, G. Fiacco, M. Carotenuto ABS 64. SOCIAL PERCEPTION AND THEORY OF MIND AMONG ADOLESCENTS WITH ANOREXIA NER­VOSA • F. Salerno, M.G. Gleijeses, E. dello Stritto, M. Siciliano, S. Marcelli, M. Carotenuto ABS 65. DEVELOPMENTAL GOALS AND EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES IN ITALIAN AND SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN MIGRANT MOTHERS’ NARRATIVES • G.G. Valtolina, D. Boerchi ABS 66. EXTRA-UTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION IN PRETERM INFANTS AND NEURODEVELOP­MENTAL OUTCOMES: A SCOPING REVIEW • D. Saturno, M. Vendemmia, C.V. Lambiase, S. Russo, G. Mansi, M.C. Zurlo, S. Salomè, C. Colinet, F. Carraturo, L. Capasso, F. Raimondi ABS 67. IS CEREBELLAR DAMAGE IN PREMATURE INFANTS INVOLVED IN LONG-TERM COG­NITIVE, LEARNING, AND BEHAVIORAL DIS­ABILITY? • S. Russo, M. Vendemmia, C.V. Lambiase, D. Saturno , G. Mansi, M.C. Zurlo, S. Salomè, C. Colinet, F. Carraturo, L. Capasso, F. Raimondi ABS 68. IMPACT OF MATERNAL DIET DURING AND AFTER PREGNANCY ON GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION OF ADIPOSITY IN THE FIRST 12 MONTHS OF LIFE: PRELIMINARY DATA FROM THE EUROPEAN LIFE-MILCH PROJECT • B. Righi, F. Alberghi, M. Fontana, A. Pelosi, E. Davolio, C. Rotteglia, C. Catellani, C. Sartori, V. Buia, A.-M. Shulhai, A.M. Papini, V. Fanos, P. Palanza, M.E. Street ABS 69. ATYPICAL TERATOID RHABDOID TUMOR IN PEDIATRIC AGE • S. Vendemmia, M. Vendemmia ABS 70. BEHIND AN APPARENT SEPTIC SHOCK: A CASE REPORT • M. Giuri, M. Vitali, I. Bresesti, A. Bossi, M. Agosti, L. Morlacchi ABS 71. LEARNING FROM MISTAKES. WHICH CAME FIRST, THE EGG OR THE CHICKEN? NAVI­GATING PARADOXES TO ARRIVE AT A DIAGNOSIS: A CASE REPORT • I. Binotto, I. Bresesti, A. Bossi, M. Agosti, F. Dessimone ABS 72. CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF PERICARDIUM: THE LARGEST ANALYSIS IN THE FIELD ON 247 WORLDWIDE CASES • P.P. Bassareo, A. Secinaro, P. Ciliberti, M. Chessa, M.A. Perrone, K.P. Walsh, C.J. McMahon ABS 73. NAILFOLD MICROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION PRECEDES RETINOPATHY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH POORLY CONTROLLED TYPE 1 DIABETES • F. Martino, F. Barillà, E. Martino, G. Placanica, V. Paravati, P.P. Bassareo ABS 74. CAN INFLAMMATION DURING THE PRENATAL AND NEONATAL STAGES AFFECT HEALTH IN ADULTHOOD? • F. Cannas ABS 75. PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY IN PPP2R5D-RELATED NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER • A. Bucca, G. Mancuso, S. Giglio ABS 76. IMPACT OF MATERNAL DIET ON PUBERTAL STAGES AND ANO-GENITAL DISTANCE IN THE FIRST 12 MONTHS OF LIFE: PRELIMINARY DATA FROM THE EUROPEAN LIFE-MILCH PROJECT • F. Alberghi, M. Fontana, B. Righi, A.-M. Shulhai, E. Davolio, C. Rotteglia, A. Pelosi, C. Catellani, C. Sartori, V. Buia, A.M. Papini, V. Fanos, P. Palanza, M.E. Street ABS 77. CLINICAL AND ONCOLOGIC OUTCOMES AFTER PAROTIDECTOMY FOR PEDIATRIC PAROTID TUMORS • S. Corrias, F. Carta, C. Mariani, S. Deriu, L. Deriu, S. Pucci, G. Dal Prato, S. Lobina, A. Annese, E. Foddis, M. Könemann, M. Gigante, S. Ronchi, C. Nicolò, R. Puxeddu ABS 78. SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA IN THE NEWBORN: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY CON­DUCTED IN CAGLIARI, ITALY • M.R. Scanu, S. Pisu, A. Atzei, V. Fanos, P. Neroni ABS 79. A RARE CASE OF FULMINANT NEONATAL EARLY-ONSET SEPSIS DUE TO S. PYOGENES: AN EMERGING CHALLENGE? • A. Scavella, S. Perniciaro, I. Bresesti, M. Agosti ABS 80. WILLIAMS SYNDROME, AORTIC RECOARCTA­TION AND MULTIVESSEL INVOLVEMENT: THE IMPORTANCE OF TIMELY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT • S. Mazza, L. Corona, A. Atzei, V. Fanos, P. Neroni ABS 81. PEER RELATIONSHIPS AND ADOLESCENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASE • A. La Greca

Paweł Kubik, Daniela Gallo, Maria Laura Tanda et al.

The aim of this study was to test the effect of hyaluronic acid cross-linked with polyethylene glycol containing micronized portions of calcium hydroxyapatite (Neauvia Stimulate) on both local tissue and systemic consequences, which are crucial from the perspective of long-term safety, in patients suffering from Hashimoto’s disease. This most common autoimmune disease is a frequently mentioned contraindication to the use of fillers based on hyaluronic acid as well as biostimulants based on calcium hydroxyapatite. Broad-spectrum aspects of histopathology were analyzed to identify key features of inflammatory infiltration before the procedure and 5, 21, and 150 days after the procedure. A statistically significant effect on the reduction of the intensity of the inflammatory infiltration in the tissue in relation to the state before the procedure was demonstrated, combined with a reduction in the occurrence of both antigen-recognizing (CD4) and cytotoxic (CD8) T lymphocytes. With complete statistical certainty, it was demonstrated that the treatment with Neauvia Stimulate had no effect on the levels of these antibodies. All this corresponds with the risk analysis that showed no alarming symptoms during the time of observation. The choice of hyaluronic acid fillers cross-linked with polyethylene glycol should be considered justified and safe in the case of patients suffering from Hashimoto’s disease.

Sabrina Fava

During an itinerant journey in the United States in 1925, Adriano Olivetti (1901-1960) – the well-known intellectual and entrepreneur of the factory producing the iconic typewriters and calculators beacons of efficiency around the world – started to think about strategic choices in business organization and human resources training (Olivetti, 2016). On this journey, he studied American production systems to find effective solutions against the alienation of personnel, contrasting Taylor’s productive system that prioritised profit. This paper wishes to investigate the thoughts and choices of Olivetti about the scientific management of work (Novara, 1973), about training professionals in the brand-new Centro Formazione Meccanici (CFM, 1936) and the training of managers at IPSOA (1952). All these practical initiatives were meant to provide a generative support to business profit.

Marco Mingione, Francesco Branda, Antonello Maruotti et al.

This paper introduces a comprehensive and original database on West Nile virus (WNV) outbreaks that have occurred in Italy from September 2012 to November 2022. We have digitized bulletins published by the Italian National Institute of Health (ISS) to demonstrate the potential utilization of this data for the research community. Our aim is to establish a centralized open-access repository that facilitates analysis and monitoring of the disease. We have collected and curated data on the type of infected host, along with additional information whenever available, including the type of infection, age, and geographic details at different levels of spatial aggregation. By combining our data with other sources of information such as weather data, it becomes possible to assess potential relationships between WNV outbreaks and environmental factors. We strongly believe in supporting public oversight of government epidemic management, and we emphasize that open data plays a crucial role in generating reliable results by enabling greater transparency.

Leonardo Impett, Fabian Offert

In this paper, we revisit Johanna Drucker's question, "Is there a digital art history?" -- posed exactly a decade ago -- in the light of the emergence of large-scale, transformer-based vision models. While more traditional types of neural networks have long been part of digital art history, and digital humanities projects have recently begun to use transformer models, their epistemic implications and methodological affordances have not yet been systematically analyzed. We focus our analysis on two main aspects that, together, seem to suggest a coming paradigm shift towards a "digital" art history in Drucker's sense. On the one hand, the visual-cultural repertoire newly encoded in large-scale vision models has an outsized effect on digital art history. The inclusion of significant numbers of non-photographic images allows for the extraction and automation of different forms of visual logics. Large-scale vision models have "seen" large parts of the Western visual canon mediated by Net visual culture, and they continuously solidify and concretize this canon through their already widespread application in all aspects of digital life. On the other hand, based on two technical case studies of utilizing a contemporary large-scale visual model to investigate basic questions from the fields of art history and urbanism, we suggest that such systems require a new critical methodology that takes into account the epistemic entanglement of a model and its applications. This new methodology reads its corpora through a neural model's training data, and vice versa: the visual ideologies of research datasets and training datasets become entangled.

Marta Rapi, Tommaso Quirino, Lorenzo Castellano et al.

Antonio Desiderio, Giulio Cimini, Gaetano Salina

The patterns of human mobility play a key role in the spreading of infectious diseases and thus represent a key ingredient of epidemic modeling and forecasting. Unfortunately, as the Covid-19 pandemic has dramatically highlighted, for the vast majority of countries there is no availability of granular mobility data. This hinders the possibility of developing computational frameworks to monitor the evolution of the disease and to adopt timely and adequate prevention policies. Here we show how this problem can be addressed in the case study of Italy. We build a multiplex mobility network based solely on open data, and implement a SIR metapopulation model that allows scenario analysis through data-driven stochastic simulations. The mobility flows that we estimate are in agreement with real-time proprietary data from smartphones. Our modeling approach can thus be useful in contexts where high-resolution mobility data is not available.

F. Trentmann

Mariangela Stefania Fiori, Daria Sanna, Fabio Scarpa et al.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of the devastating disease African swine fever (ASF), for which there is currently no licensed vaccine or treatment available. ASF is defined as one of the most serious animal diseases identified to date, due to its global spread in regions of Africa, Europe and Asia, causing massive economic losses. On the Italian island of Sardinia, the disease has been endemic since 1978, although the last control measures put in place achieved a significant reduction in ASF, and the virus has been absent from circulation since April 2019. Like many large DNA viruses, ASFV mutates at a relatively slow rate. However, the limited availability of whole-genome sequences from spatial-localized outbreaks makes it difficult to explore the small-scale genetic structure of these ASFV outbreaks. It is also unclear if the genetic variability within outbreaks can be captured in a handful of sequences, or if larger sequencing efforts can improve phylogenetic reconstruction and evolutionary or epidemiological inference. The aim of this study was to investigate the phylogenetic patterns of ASFV outbreaks between 1978 and 2018 in Sardinia, in order to characterize the epidemiological dynamics of the viral strains circulating in this Mediterranean island. To reach this goal, 58 new whole genomes of ASFV isolates were obtained, which represents the largest ASFV whole-genome sequencing effort to date. We provided a complete description of the genomic diversity of ASFV in terms of nucleotide mutations and small and large indels among the isolates collected during the outbreaks. The new sequences capture more than twice the genomic and phylogenetic diversity of all the previously published Sardinian sequences. The extra genomic diversity increases the resolution of the phylogenetic reconstruction, enabling us to dissect, for the first time, the genetic substructure of the outbreak. We found multiple ASFV subclusters within the phylogeny of the Sardinian epidemic, some of which coexisted in space and time.

Michele Vespe, Umberto Minora, Stefano Maria Iacus et al.

This work presents the analysis of the impact of restrictions on mobility in Italy, with a focus on the period from 6 November 2020 to 31 January 2021, when a three-tier system based on different levels of risk was adopted and applied at regional level to contrast the second wave of COVID-19. The impact is first evaluated on mobility using Mobile Network Operator anonymised and aggregate data shared in the framework of a Business-to-Government initiative with the European Commission. Mobility data, alongside additional information about electricity consuption, are then used to assess the impacts on an economic level of the three-tier system in different areas of the country.

Eve Derenne, Stefano Viola, Marie Besse

This article presents the first results of the planned archaeological excavations led by Prof. Marie Besse, head of the Laboratory of prehistoric archaeology and anthropology of the Department F.-A. Forel for environmental and aquatic sciences of the University of Geneva, at the Eremita Cave site between 2012 and 2015. The Eremita Cave is located in the North Italian region of Piedmont, in the heart the calcareous massif of Monte Fenera, near Borgosesia (Vercelli). The Monte Fenera is already well known for its numerous caves, many of which contain archaeological remains chronologically spanning from the Palaeolithic to the Middle Ages. This particular situation can be explained by two elements: the uniqueness of the massif from a geological perspective when compared to the rest of the area, and its strategic localisation on the southern alpine foothills, that made it a possible stopover for the people transitioning the Alps. The interest of the researchers of the Laboratory of prehistoric archaeology and anthropology was sparked by the mention of the discovery of a bone button attributed to the “età del Rame” (Copper Age) in the Eremita Cave in the late 1980s by the Gruppo Archeologico e Speleologico di Borgosesia (GASB). The first test trenches confirmed the importance of this archaeological site with the uncovering of a pin and spiralled pearls in bronze in the middle of the cave. Further excavations began in 2013. They allowed the team to point out to two important levels. The first one being US 10, a thin silty level that contains numerous lumps of coal. The second is US 19, a level identified around 40 cm below US 10. It delivered a great amount of animal remains, mostly burned, in association with potsherds and stone blocks, and most importantly bronze finery. Four charcoal samples were sent for radiocarbon dating to Zurich (ETH), one belonging to US 10, one to US 19 in the back of the cave, and two to US 19 around the place of discovery of the pin and pearls. The results showed that US 10 is dated to the Late Bronze Age (ETH-64659, 1013-850 cal BC), and US 19 to the earliest stages of Middle Bronze Age (ETH-64657, 1767-1627 cal BC). They also confirmed that the stratigraphy of the cave was undisturbed. Culturally speaking, the shape of the pin shows affinities with the North of the Alps, while the pottery shapes display similarities with the common cultural ground of the alpine region, mostly Valais and Piedmont. Excavations are being carried on by the University of Geneva. The researchers are aiming at determining the function of the cave, mainly by studying the location of the archaeological structures and remains but also by linking the spatial distribution of potsherds to the reassembled pottery. The typological and technological analysis of the pottery assemblage should allow us to establish the cultural affiliations of the site.

Donatella Strangio

Francesca Bassi, Giuseppe Arbia, Pietro Demetrio Falorsi

During the current Covid-19 pandemic in Italy, official data are collected with medical swabs following a pure convenience criterion which, at least in an early phase, has privileged the exam of patients showing evident symptoms. However, there are evidences of a very high proportion of asymptomatic patients (e. g. Aguilar et al., 2020; Chugthai et al, 2020; Li, et al., 2020; Mizumoto et al., 2020a, 2020b and Yelin et al., 2020). In this situation, in order to estimate the real number of infected (and to estimate the lethality rate), it should be necessary to run a properly designed sample survey through which it would be possible to calculate the probability of inclusion and hence draw sound probabilistic inference. Some researchers proposed estimates of the total prevalence based on various approaches, including epidemiologic models, time series and the analysis of data collected in countries that faced the epidemic in earlier time (Brogi et al., 2020). In this paper, we propose to estimate the prevalence of Covid-19 in Italy by reweighting the available official data published by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità so as to obtain a more representative sample of the Italian population. Reweighting is a procedure commonly used to artificially modify the sample composition so as to obtain a distribution which is more similar to the population (Valliant et al., 2018). In this paper, we will use post-stratification of the official data, in order to derive the weights necessary for reweighting them using age and gender as post-stratification variables thus obtaining more reliable estimation of prevalence and lethality.