Hasil untuk "Folklore"

Victor Lutfalla

We present a short note on the dynamics of the LLLR generalised Langton's ant. We describe two different asymptotic behaviours for the LLLR ant.

Mohamed Gamil, Abdelrahman Elsayed, Abdelrahman Lila et al.

Despite recent advances in AI, multimodal culturally diverse datasets are still limited, particularly for regions in the Middle East and Africa. In this paper, we introduce EgMM-Corpus, a multimodal dataset dedicated to Egyptian culture. By designing and running a new data collection pipeline, we collected over 3,000 images, covering 313 concepts across landmarks, food, and folklore. Each entry in the dataset is manually validated for cultural authenticity and multimodal coherence. EgMM-Corpus aims to provide a reliable resource for evaluating and training vision-language models in an Egyptian cultural context. We further evaluate the zero-shot performance of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training CLIP on EgMM-Corpus, on which it achieves 21.2% Top-1 accuracy and 36.4% Top-5 accuracy in classification. These results underscore the existing cultural bias in large-scale vision-language models and demonstrate the importance of EgMM-Corpus as a benchmark for developing culturally aware models.

Kentaro Kobayashi, Yukiyoshi Kameyama

Control operators, such as exceptions and effect handlers, provide a means of representing computational effects in programs abstractly and modularly. While most theoretical studies have focused on multi-shot control operators, one-shot control operators -- which restrict the use of captured continuations to at most once -- are gaining attention for their balance between expressiveness and efficiency. This study aims to fill the gap. We present a mathematically rigorous comparison of the expressive power among one-shot control operators, including effect handlers, delimited continuations, and even asymmetric coroutines. Following previous studies on multi-shot control operators, we adopt Felleisen's macro-expressiveness as our measure of expressiveness. We verify the folklore that one-shot effect handlers and one-shot delimited-control operators can be macro-expressed by asymmetric coroutines, but not vice versa. We explain why a previous informal argument fails, and how to revise it to make a valid macro-translation.

Yi Han

We consider the empirical eigenvalue distribution for a class of non-Hermitian random block tridiagonal matrices $T$ with independent entries. The matrix has $n$ blocks on the diagonal and each block has size $\ell_n$, so the whole matrix has size $n\ell_n$. We assume that the nonzero entries are i.i.d. with mean 0, variance 1 and having sufficiently high moments. We prove that when the entries have a bounded density, then whenever $\lim_{n\to\infty}\ell_n=\infty$ and $\ell_n=O(\operatorname{Poly}(n))$, the normalized empirical spectral distribution of $T$ converges almost surely to the circular law. The growing bandwidth condition $\lim _{n\to\infty}\ell_n=\infty$ is the optimal condition of circular law with small bandwidth. This confirms the folklore conjecture that the circular law holds whenever the bandwidth increases with the dimension, while all existing results for the circular law are only proven in the delocalized regime $\ell_n\gg n$.

Amel BENSAFI & Ali KRIM

Abstract: The article reviews the relationship between folklore, mythology, and theater, highlighting the influence of these popular legacies on the creativity of playwrights from ancient times to the modern era. The article focuses on how folkloric symbols are used to build characters and plot, promote societal issues, and shape cultural identity. The article demonstrates the diversity of methods for employing folklore, starting from presenting folk tales as they are to rephrasing them in new ways that add rich connotations to theatrical works. It also discusses the use of folklore in Arab theater through three positions: conservative, rejectionist, and dialogue’s, pointing out that the creative interaction between heritage and modernity enriches the theatrical experience and enhances the theater’s identity. He concludes the article contains recommendations that encourage the conduct of in-depth academic studies on the relationship between folklore and theatre and emphasizes the importance of creative inspiration from these popular legacies in enriching the arts and reviving cultural heritage. Keywords: theater; heritage; folklore; Mythology, rooting.

Marcelo Gallardo, Manuel Loaiza, Jorge Chávez

We introduce a novel model based on the discrete optimal transport problem that incorporates congestion costs and replaces traditional constraints with weighted penalization terms. This approach better captures real-world scenarios characterized by demand-supply imbalances and heterogeneous congestion costs. We develop an analytical method for computing interior solutions, which proves particularly useful under specific conditions. Additionally, we propose an $O((N+L)N^2 L^2)$ algorithm to compute the optimal interior solution. For certain cases, we derive a closed-form solution and conduct a comparative statics analysis. Finally, we present examples demonstrating how our model yields solutions distinct from classical approaches, leading to more accurate outcomes in specific contexts, such as Peru's health and education sectors.

Domagoj Bradač, Micha Christoph

A folklore result attributed to Pólya states that there are $(1 + o(1))2^{\binom{n}{2}}/n!$ non-isomorphic graphs on $n$ vertices. Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, we say that $G$ is a unique subgraph of $H$ if $H$ contains exactly one subgraph isomorphic to $G$. For an $n$-vertex graph $H$, let $f(H)$ be the number of non-isomorphic unique subgraphs of $H$ divided by $2^{\binom{n}{2}}/n!$ and let $f(n)$ denote the maximum of $f(H)$ over all graphs $H$ on $n$ vertices. In 1975, Erdős asked whether there exists $δ>0$ such that $f(n)>δ$ for all $n$ and offered $\$100$ for a proof and $\$25$ for a disproof, indicating he does not believe this to be true. We verify Erdős' intuition by showing that $f(n)\rightarrow 0$ as $n$ tends to infinity, i.e. no graph on $n$ vertices contains a constant proportion of all graphs on $n$ vertices as unique subgraphs.

Srivatsan Sridhar, Ertem Nusret Tas, Joachim Neu et al.

A specter is haunting consensus protocols--the specter of adversary majority. Dolev and Strong in 1983 showed an early possibility for up to 99% adversaries. Yet, other works show impossibility results for adversaries above 50% under synchrony, seemingly the same setting as Dolev and Strong's. What gives? It is high time that we pinpoint a key culprit for this ostensible contradiction: the modeling details of clients. Are the clients sleepy or always-on? Are they silent or communicating? Can validators be sleepy too? We systematize models for consensus across four dimensions (sleepy/always-on clients, silent/communicating clients, sleepy/always-on validators, and synchrony/partial-synchrony), some of which are new, and tightly characterize the achievable safety and liveness resiliences with matching possibilities and impossibilities for each of the sixteen models. To this end, we unify folklore and earlier results, and fill gaps left in the literature with new protocols and impossibility theorems.

Dilmurod K. Babadzhanov

The work reveals the history of the personalities captured in the photograph which is stored in the collections of the Khiva State Museum-Reserve “Ichan-Kala”. At its center is Muhammad Rahim Khan II, the ruler of the Khiva Khanate. Based on historical sources, the author of the article highlights the life and activities of Mukhammad Rakhim Khan II and the palace officials who ruled the Khanate at the end of the 19th century. It is shown that Mukhammad Rakhim Khan II aspired to be the patron of Sharia. He was an enlightened ruler – he supported musical and poetic arts, had polemical conversations with intellectuals, and was fond of writing poems. In 1874, under the patronage of Mukhammad Rakhim Khan II, the first printing house in Central Asia for printing lithographic books was organized in Khorezm. One of the first books published in it were “Khamsa” by Alisher Navoi and “Divan” by the poet Munis.

MAREK BOCHNIARZ, IZUMI YOSHIDA

Japanese animation and folklore in narratives about national identity This paper studies the activity of Japanese directors who decided to make film adaptations of the Momotaro story, a classic legend based on Japanese folklore and the most popular one in the modern period. This activity is studied within the framework of cultural politics. The works examined belong to the early period of Japanese animation and war propaganda films, as well as studio-based anime productions which were made in the postwar period.

Runzhe Wang, Sadhika Malladi, Tianhao Wang et al.

Momentum is known to accelerate the convergence of gradient descent in strongly convex settings without stochastic gradient noise. In stochastic optimization, such as training neural networks, folklore suggests that momentum may help deep learning optimization by reducing the variance of the stochastic gradient update, but previous theoretical analyses do not find momentum to offer any provable acceleration. Theoretical results in this paper clarify the role of momentum in stochastic settings where the learning rate is small and gradient noise is the dominant source of instability, suggesting that SGD with and without momentum behave similarly in the short and long time horizons. Experiments show that momentum indeed has limited benefits for both optimization and generalization in practical training regimes where the optimal learning rate is not very large, including small- to medium-batch training from scratch on ImageNet and fine-tuning language models on downstream tasks.

Timothy Campion

We show that various cube categories (without diagonals, but with symmetries / connections / reversals) are Eilenberg-Zilber categories. This generalizes a result of Isaacson for one particular cubical site. Our method does not involve direct verification of any absolute pushout diagrams. While we are at it, we record some folklore descriptions of cube categories with diagonals and determine exactly which of these are EZ categories. Beforehand, we develop some general theory of Eilenberg-Zilber categories. We show that a mild generalization of the EZ categories of Berger and Moerdijk are in fact characterized (among a broad class of ``generalized Reedy categories") by the satisfaction of the Eilenberg-Zilber lemma, generalizing a theorem of Bergner and Rezk in the strict Reedy case. We also introduce a mild strengthening of Cisinski's notion of a \emph{catégorie squelettique}, and show that any such category satisfies the Eilenberg-Zilber lemma. It is this tool which allows us to avoid checking absolute pushouts by hand.

Apiwat Suthamdee

This research aimed to analyze the relationship between folklore and cultural tourism and the ways of thinking about tourism creation from cultural capital by studying the data from paper and online resources and field research. The study revealed that the Pantainorasingh Shrine in Samutsakorn Province used “folklore” as the main channel to convey Pantainorasingh stories to appear concrete, outstanding, and harmonious. The types of folklore that were found are oral folklore, social folk customs, materials culture, folk arts, and “popular culture,” which could be communicated well with contemporaries. This folklore strongly reflects three types of cultural capital: human capital, appearance capital, and institutional capital. Therefore, Pantainorasingh Shrine is valued as a historical, aesthetical, academic, and social tourist attraction. The important ways of thinking about the creation of tourism from cultural capital are: finding strong points of cultural capital from the community, collaboration from all organizations, the presentation of Thai identity, the making of places to serve both the sacred and secular worlds, and the application of new media to communicate, reproduce, and present the new activities to serve urban people.

Lyubov Khizirovna Atabieva

A number of Russian theorists and linguistic teachers have developed a method of the folkloreparemiological approach to the study of the Russian language, which is very successfully implemented in practice. To fill the gap in the general catalog of bilingual theories, the author of the article has developed an «Indian»-Russian paremiological method adapted to solving important ethnolinguodidactic problems. Sharing the results of an experimental lesson at Kabardino-Balkarian State University, the author covers issues related to folklore sources, the teaching potential of coordinative, contrastive, «geographical» proverbs and sayings, as well as the method of language acculturation.

Simge Ünlü , Lütfiye Yaşar

This study analyzed the tendency to participate in reading activities organized by online book clubs. The universe of the research consists of Turkish Booktube channels and their followers. Booktube channels chosen as samples in the study are Ayşe Ümit Karabacak, Kitap Dünyam, and Mine’s Book Suggestions. The universe of Booktube channel followers was also limited to a sample of 549 people. The study used semi-structured interviews with Booktubers and a questionnaire with Booktube channel followers as a data collection technique. The data obtained from these data collection techniques were analyzed with the content analysis method in the 2020.2.2 version of the Maxqda program. Obtained findings; It is seen that the motivations of the Booktubers who produce content on the Booktube channel and the followers who consume the Booktube videos differ in various aspects. In terms of booktubers, the main factor in participating in this channel is a social benefit, creating personal archives from video content and contributing to their personal development. For followers, the aim is to learn about literature, do homework/research, and gain reading habits. As a result; There are differences in the motivations of Booktube channel owners and Booktube channel viewers to participate in these channels. Accordingly, the definitions of the content followed and quality video also varies. Although participation in these channels, content followed, and quality content approaches differ in terms of Booktubers and followers, they look at the achievements of Booktube from a similar perspective.

Natalia Golant

The article considers mythological representations and ritual practices associated with the personification of the plague among the Romanians of Oltenia (Romania) and the Romanians (or Vlachs) of the Timok Valley (Serbia). It is based on materials from the author’s field research in southwestern Romania and eastern Serbia. The custom of organising the plague commemoration on different calendar dates is analysed. Along with it, the author consistently examines the ways of making a “plague shirt” (Rom. cămaşa ciumii), the spread of this ritual practice, and the contexts of its use as a protection against diseases (plague and cholera) and death during the war, as well as correlations between the practice of making a “plague shirt” and the custom of the plague commemoration.

Huijun Fan, Tian Lan, Zongrui Yang

For a nondegenerate homogeneous polynomial $f\in\mathbb{C}[z_0, \dots, z_{n+1}]$ with degree $n+2$, we can obtain a $tt^*$ structure from the Landau-Ginzburg model $(\C^{n+2}, f)$ and a (new) $tt^*$ structure on the Calabi-Yau hypersurface defined by the zero locus of $f$ in $\C P^{n+1}$. We can prove that the big residue map considered by Steenbrink gives an isomorphism between the two $tt^*$ structures. We also build the correspondence for non-Calabi-Yau cases, and it turns out that only partial structure can be preserved. As an application, we show that the $tt^*$ geometry structure of Landau-Ginzburg model on relavant deformation space uniquely determines the $tt^*$ geometry structure on Calabi-Yau side. This explains the folklore conclusion in physical literature. This result is based on our early work \cite{FLY}.

Alexandru Chirvasitu

We show that for a closed embedding $\mathbb{H}\le \mathbb{G}$ of locally compact quantum groups (LCQGs) with $\mathbb{G}/\mathbb{H}$ admitting an invariant probability measure, a unitary $\mathbb{G}$-representation is type-I if its restriction to $\mathbb{H}$ is. On a related note, we also prove that if an action $\mathbb{G}\circlearrowright A$ of an LCQG on a unital $C^*$-algebra admits an invariant state then the full group algebra of $\mathbb{G}$ embeds into the resulting full crossed product (and into the multiplier algebra of that crossed product if the original algebra is not unital). We also prove a few other results on crossed products of LCQG actions, some of which seem to be folklore; among them are (a) the fact that two mutually dual quantum-group morphisms produce isomorphic full crossed products, and (b) the fact that full and reduced crossed products by dual-coamenable LCQGs are isomorphic.

Miguel Farías

Based on a comparative analysis of two Chilean films produced in the beginnings of the sound era, El hechizo del trigal (The Wheatfield Spell, Eugenio de Liguoro, 1939) and Escándalo (Scandal, Jorge Délano, 1940) this article offers a study of the uses of music within Chilean cinema, incorporating not only the internal role of music but also its historical and social dimensions. In so doing, I seek to contribute to a field that has barely been developed in the study of music in Chile.

Zachris Haaparinne

Arvio teoksesta Hannikainen, Matti O., Mirkka Danielsbacka & Tuomas Tepora (toim.). Menneisyyden rakentajat: Teoriat historiantutkimuksessa. Tallinna: Gaudeamus. 2018. 341 s. ISBN 978-952-495-459-4. Book review: Hannikainen, Matti O., Mirkka Danielsbacka & Tuomas Tepora (toim.). Menneisyyden rakentajat: Teoriat historiantutkimuksessa. Tallinna: Gaudeamus. 2018. 341 s. ISBN 978-952-495-459-4.