In the context of sustainable development, water resources, energy, and carbon emissions are pivotal factors influencing the rational planning of economic development and the secure establishment of ecological barriers. As a core food production area, how can the Great River Basin balance the pressure on the “water–energy–carbon” system (WEC) to realize the coordinated development of “nature–society–economy”? Taking the Yellow River Basin in China as the research object, this paper explores the coupling characteristics and virtual transfer trends of WEC in the agricultural sector under the condition of mutual constraints. The results show the following: (1) On the dynamic coupling characteristics, W-E and E-C are strongly coupled with each other. The optimization of water resource allocation and the development of energy-saving water use technology make the W-E consumption show a downward trend, and the large-scale promotion of agricultural mechanization makes the E-C consumption show an upward trend. (2) On the spatial distribution of transfer, there is an obvious path dependence of virtual WEC transfer, showing a trend of transfer from less developed regions to developed regions, and the coupling strength decreases from developed regions to less developed regions. The assumption of producer responsibility serves to exacerbate the problem of inter-regional development imbalances. (3) According to the cross-sectoral analysis, water resources are in the center of sectoral interaction, and controlling the upstream sector of the resource supply will indirectly affect the synergistic relationship of WEC, and controlling the downstream sector of resource consumption will indirectly affect the constraint relationship of WEC. This study provides theoretical and methodological references for the Great River Basin to cope with the resource and environmental pressure brought by global climate change and the effective allocation of inter-regional resources.
Emergencies inflict heavy casualties, economic losses, ecological damage, and significant social harm to society. By segmenting information topics and analysing emotional shifts, we can identify corresponding real-world events and their impacts, thereby providing guidance for timely responses to emergencies. In the past, public opinion monitoring of emergencies was based mainly on single-topic detection or emotion analysis, which cannot comprehensively evaluate the evolution of public opinion. In this work, word segmentation is applied to video comments related to various emergency situations. By utilizing the co-word network and Louvain algorithm for theme division, along with sentiment analysis constructed through time series analysis of sentiment value changes for various emergencies employing the naive Bayes method, the evolution of public opinion is comprehensively assessed. As a result, the pivotal nodes in the evolution of public opinion are identified and the evolution process is divided into stages. Using this method, relevant management departments can effectively address the majority of public opinions for various types of emergencies, addressing them from the perspectives of prevention, adjustment, and recovery. This approach not only enhances rescue efficiency and strengthens safety management but also actively guides the evolution of public opinion, ultimately providing society with solid and reliable security safeguards.
José Adán Vaquerano Amaya, Ana Lorena Mártir, Mirna Fátima Morán Valencia
Objetivo: Evaluar el desempeño de las personas trabajadoras del sector público desde las perspectivas personales y sociales y su impacto en el desarrollo de sus funciones laborales.
Metodología: Se utilizó una encuesta en línea con 22 preguntas divididas en cuatro categorías: las competencias de conciencia personal y social y, las competencias de comportamiento personal y social. El estudio empleó un enfoque mixto (cuantitativo y cualitativo) para un análisis integral de los datos. Dado el escaso estudio previo sobre el tema en El Salvador, la investigación se clasifica como de carácter exploratorio.
Resultados: Las personas trabajadoras mayores de 50 años tienen un mejor dominio de las competencias de conciencia social y de comportamiento personal; mientras que, aquellos mayores de 60 años se destacan por sus competencias de conciencia personal y de comportamiento social. Al desarrollar el análisis según el tamaño de la organización, resulta que las personas trabajadoras de las empresas grandes (más de 100 empleados), muestran un desempeño superior en estas áreas.
Conclusiones: El desempeño de las personas trabajadoras del sector público está influenciado por factores personales, sociales, así como por la edad y el tamaño de la organización. Además, las personas trabajadoras mayores de 60 años, presentan mejores resultados en los cuatro grupos de competencias estudiadas. En la misma línea, es en las grandes empresas donde se observa un mejor desempeño de las personas trabajadoras del sector público salvadoreño, dato que debería ser tomado muy en cuenta por los tomadores de decisiones para una mejor evaluación del desempeño laboral.
Originalidad: Este estudio proporciona una visión más clara del desempeño organizacional en el sector público de El Salvador, identificando las competencias de las personas trabajadoras según su edad y el tamaño de la organización. Además, el instrumento utilizado también puede servir como una herramienta complementaria para evaluar el desempeño laboral.
Abstract The article aims to explain road CO2 emissions, including passenger car emissions in the EU member states, with the rates of indirect taxes (except VAT) for petrol and diesel oil. Apart from tax rates, the analysis includes some selected variables concerning economies and transport infrastructure, which impact CO2 car emissions. Compared to the existing literature, we focus on emissions from passenger cars and analyse more countries over a more extended period using more updated data. Our findings confirm that fuel taxes have a generally negative but limited impact on emissions from passenger cars. This impact is independent of whether we relate emissions to the number of inhabitants or GDP and is generally stronger in EU member states with higher taxes. In many countries, the economic affordability of fuels has significantly increased over the last few years. This phenomenon is another argument for a more active tax policy, i.e., general adjustment of the tax rates in line with inflation. There is also great importance for those adjustments in times of high fuel prices when governments are under tremendous pressure not only to stop tax increases but to reduce them, which was the case in 2022 after the Russian aggression on Ukraine.
Farhan Zeb Khaskhelly, Ali Raza, Hemal Azhar
et al.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore and analyze corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a helpful tool in solving significant societal concerns in countries where there is a greater desire for social and economic growth, such as Pakistan.
Methodology
In order to examine the current issues on supply chain collaboration for sustainability, this paper used a triangulation research method. In order to determine indicators in a CSR-intensive environment, data, and literature, the energy sector publications on EUR-Lex, international and European official papers, and the online site of the European Commission data sources were analyzed in this study. The indicators were divided into groups based on their sources (sets of standards and guidelines, council frameworks, document series, tools, and comprehensive legislation), as well as their intended uses (financial, social, and environmental).
Findings
The findings state that supply chain collaboration completely fulfills CSR for a viable economy. It focuses on three leading fashion brands and assesses their impact using open-source data, past research, and their official websites. It also highlights how, in comparison to global corporations, Pakistani business satisfies their corporate social responsibility.
Conclusion
It is concluded that a supply chain can help companies minimize the environmental impact of their supply chain processes. Further, CSR is a part of the supply chain that helps businesses determine their social and economic responsibilities by focusing on environmental aspects to add to a more sustainable economy.
Jorge Luis Sánchez Arévalo, Alisson Maxwell Ferreira de Andrade, Elisabeth de Oliveira Vendramin
The systemic risk caused by COVID-19 affected all sectors of the economy, thus showing the vulnerability of some sectors in comparison to others. In this context, the supply shock experienced by the iron ore sector has drawn attention and resulted in a price increase. Linked to this, and in a negative way, oil prices fell due, among other factors, to the price war between producing countries.
In this sense, this study analyses the volatility of the Brazilian stock market indicator in relation to the prices of the aforementioned products and the price of the dollar. The results show the importance of the price formation in these markets for the variation of the indicator. The appreciation of Brent oil and iron ore prices on the Dalian Commodity Exchange (DCE), in China, caused the Ibovespa indicator to move in the same direction. In addition, in statistical terms, the study highlights the great importance of the exchange rate as a determinant in the variation of the indicator and, consequently, affecting the intention to invest.
Focusing on providing added value to the organization by examining and improving business operations, the primary goal of internal audit is to help achieve business objectives. Business performance is generally expressed as the level of success shown in reaching the goals. . In this direction, the main purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between internal audit and business performance in industrial enterprises. In this context, it was examined whether the senior management’s support, the internal audit’s independence, the internal auditors’ professional competencies and the internal control system have an effect on the financial performance (return on assets, return on equity and net profit margin). In the study, the data obtained through applicaiton of a questionnaire on the manufacturing industrial enterprises in Borsa Istanbul were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis H Test, a non-parametric method via SPSS (Version 26). As a result of the analysis; it has been determined that the return of asssets had a significant relationship with senior management support, professional competence and internal control system; and a non-significant relationship with the independence of internal audit. It has also been determined that the return on equity had a significant relationship with senior management support, professional competence and internal control system; and a non- significant relationship with the independence of internal audit. Also, a non-significant relationship was detected between net profit margin and senior management support, professional competence, internal control system and the independence of internal audit.
Tujuan penyelidikan ini guna: (1) guna memahami dampak orientasi pasar kepada kinerja pemasaran UMKM (2) guna memahami dampak orientasi pasar kepada inovasi produk UMKM (3) guna memahami dampak inovasi produk kepada kinerja pemasaran UMKM, (4) guna memahamidampak pengaruh inovasi produk memediasi orientasi pasar kepada kinerja pemasaran UMKM. Lokasi penyelidikandilakukan pada Kerajinan patung Desa Batubulan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif asosiatif dengan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Sampel UMKM Kerajinan Patung Batu di Desa Batubulan berjumlah 71 orang dengan teknik probability sampling. Data tentang orientasi pasar, strategi inovasi produk, dan kinerja pemasaran diperoleh melalui kuisioner yang disebarkan pada sampel penelitian. Data dianalisis secara statistik inferensial dengan path analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa temuan, yaitu: (1) Orientasi pasar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasaran (sig. 0,000 < 0,05), (2) Orientasi pasar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap inovasi produk (sig. 0,005 < 0,05), (3) Inovasi produk berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasaran (sig. 0,000 < 0,05), (4) Inovasi produk secara substansialmenengahidampak orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja pemasaran (zhitung 4,075 < ztabel 1,995).
Kata kunci : Inovasi Produk; Orientasi Pasar; Kinerja Pemasaran
Derviş Kirikkaleli, Mustafa Tevfik Kartal, Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo
This study examines the time and frequency dependency nexus between foreign exchange (FX) rates and country risk in Turkey. We considered Turkey because it is a negative outlier country in terms of the progress of these indicators. Using quarterly data from 1990/Q1 to 2018/Q4 and the Wavelet Coherence approach, we find that an increase in the country risk causes an increase in the FX rates at different frequencies, especially in the medium and long term and different periods. The results highlight the significance of country risk for the progress of the FX rates. Policy implications are discussed.
Daniel Assefa Tofu, Kebede Wolka, Teshale Woldeamanuel
Abstract Energy is a key factor in the economic development. Currently, however, millions of people across the world suffer from energy poverty, having little or no access to energy for cooking, lighting, heating, cooling, or using information and communication technologies. Objective of this study was to investigate the domestic energy sources for households and the impact of biomass use as a source of energy on the environment and food insecurity in the drought-affected northern highlands of Ethiopia. A total of 398 household heads were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, whereas 16 focus group discussions and 12 key informant interviews were conducted. Descriptive data analysis techniques were used to analyze quantitative data while content analysis methods were used to analyze qualitative data. The use of traditional biomass fuels such as firewood, charcoal, crop residue, animal dung, and biomass residue that can be combusted were prevalent in the area, which aggravated the degradation of agricultural lands. As commented by the majority of respondents, the move towards the adoption of modern energy sources was not common due to finance (98%), access (97%), durability (97%) and lack of awareness (93%). The findings showed that land degradation has been severe to the extent that no grain yield can be collected from crop production. As a result, people were exposed to both chronic and transitory food insecurity, and hence the majority of people make their living on food aid. In food-insecure areas, relying on biomass energy could increase land degradation or retard the speed of land restoration, which adversely affects agricultural production and food security. Investing in alternative energy technologies can improve the environment, food security, and people’s health.
This study focuses on the brand value-shareholder return relationship using the approach of Madden et al. (2006) based on Aaker (1991) and compares “Strong Brands Portfolio”, created through brand values in “Turkey's Most Valuable Brands” annual report of Brand Finance published between 2007-, 2015, within alternative benchmark portfolio in terms of risk and return. In this context, although the analysis made by different weighting methods over asset pricing models has found that a portfolio of strong brands may provide significant abnormal returns with significantly lower market risk for shareholders, it is understood that the brand values published by Brand Finance are not fully priced in the Turkish stock market by considering the magnitude of that value. Keywords: Shareholder return, Portfolio analysis, Brand value, Brand equity, JEL classification: M31, G11, G12
In this paper, the existence of positive solutions for the nonlinear four-point singular BVP for there-order with p-Laplacian operator on time scales will be studied. By using the fixed-point theory, the existence of positive solutions for nonlinear singular boundary value problem with p-Laplacian operator on time scales is obtained.
The aim of the article is studying the current state of the formation of wealthy territorial communities in Ukraine, identifying the main problems in the course of their formation and financial decentralization, and searching for ways to solve them. The definition of the notion “wealthy territorial community” is clarified, the main instrument for the formation of such communities – financial decentralization – is defined. The state of the regulatory framework for reforming local self-government in Ukraine is studied, the trends in the formation of united territorial communities for the period 2015–2018 is analyzed, the regions in which the decentralization is carried out most actively are identified. The behavior of the share of the communities’ own income in the local budget for the entire period of decentralization is analyzed, and it is found that the budget revenues of the united territorial communities increased at a higher rate than that of other local budgets; it is determined that the largest share in the structure of communities own income is presented by the personal income tax. A significant increase in the volume of state budget support for local self-governments to develop communities and build their infrastructure is revealed. The main problems that occur during the financial decentralization and formation of wealthy communities in Ukraine are identified, recommendations to solve these problems are elaborated. It is determined that further prospects for the reform are related to the implementation of the plan of measures for the second phase of the decentralization, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in January 2019.
A way to think labor after finanancialization, decommodifed labor refers to an emptying out of the same wage relation that nonetheless continues to structure our lives. “Working hard or hardly working” needs a new conjunction: in an age of decommodifed labor, one finds oneself working hard and hardly working. I suggest that decommodified labor offers cultural critics a form for isolating labor today that takes account of its relation to the wage, that may assist in periodizing the capital-labor relation, and that also highlights financial change alongside labor’s durational necessity under capitalism.
Zhuravleva Evgenia, Mardanshina Rimma, Kudryavtseva Marina
et al.
Based primarily on archival documents, this article explores the development of additional education in Kazan province, Russia, in the 19th century. Its genesis is found in the varying order of Kazan Imperial University extension activities which take the form of foreign academic and scientific mobility; individual mentoring practice of recognised scholars; masters’ advancement at Pedagogical Institute; creation of the Pedagogical Society in the framework of University Extension Movement. The historiography shows that in the course of its development additional education in Kazan Imperial University largely relied on the international experience and enthusiasm of its teaching staff.
Katarzyna Kobylińska, Radosław Cellmer, Sabina Źróbek
et al.
Simulation modelling performs a prognostic function through model research and the shaping of the future. Thorough insight into the analysed system and exploring its characteristics for the selection of optimal tools of analysis is an extremely significant process that precedes the stage of the simulation itself. For modelling and transaction simulation, the problem concerning the optimal range of the kernel function used for exploring the spatial activity of a property market should be addressed first. A probability function is the basis for the subsequent phase of research, which allows one to answer the question of whether the transaction density in a given year can be reflected in the transactions of the following year and subsequent years, and whether transaction distribution is correlated, in any way, with the transaction density in the previous year. The final results of the work are maps of the dynamics of transactions on the market and of the simulated transaction density.