Farajolah Rahnavard, Zahra Alipour Darvish, Meysam Chegin
et al.
Purpose: This study aimed to develop a model emphasizing justice in the recruitment of human resources at a macro level in Iran. The objective was identified after examining the current needs in human resource recruitment, considering the broader context.
Methodology: Employing a qualitative method based on Grounded Theory approach, this research engaged experts with significant knowledge and practical experience in human resource recruitment. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for data collection and ATLAS.ti software was applied to facilitate a more structured analysis of the data gathered.
Findings: Through the examination of interview transcripts, we identified such key elements as justice-oriented recruitment assessment factors, causal variables, contextual conditions, mediating variables, and outcomes. Results underscore the impact of institutional oversight, employment discrimination, quality of tests, and quality of employment policies on justice-oriented human resource recruitment within government organizations.
Originality: No other study has so far focused on the macro level aspect of justice-oriented recruitment in Iran. Regarding justice-oriented perspective on human resource recruitment, this research contributes a macro-level framework from a policy making viewpoint. Through this vision, it identifies influential factors, contextual conditions, mediating variables, and outcomes.
Economic growth, development, planning, Employee participation in management. Employee ownership. Industrial democracy. Works councils
Purpose: Based The purpose of this research is to provide a model of dynamic capabilities of human resources with an agile approach in the oil industry
Methodology: The method of data analysis in the qualitative part includes content analysis and in the quantitative part, structural equation modeling is used. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part includes 15 university professors and experts and human resource managers of companies and affiliated organizations of the oil industry. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews in the qualitative section and researcher-made questionnaires in the quantitative section. Questionnaire validity and construct validity and reliability were calculated and confirmed using Cronbach's alpha.
Findings: The model of dynamic capabilities of human resources with an agile approach was extracted in the form of 9 comprehensive themes, 27 organizing themes and 75 basic themes. The oil industry can increase the capacity, capabilities and capabilities of human resources through behavioral agility and through structural agility and The agility of human resources leadership will also be able to provide an appropriate response to these conditions, and due to the ability to understand the environment, they will be able to identify conditions and changes.
Originality/ value: So far, no research has been done in Iran on the dynamic capabilities of human resources with an agile approach, and the importance of research innovation is due to the addition of an agile approach.
Recommendations :It is suggested that the capabilities and potential competencies of the employees should be reformulated and updated and agile according to the current and future changes.
Economic growth, development, planning, Employee participation in management. Employee ownership. Industrial democracy. Works councils
Effective information gathering and knowledge codification are pivotal for developing recommendation systems that promote circular economy practices. One promising approach involves the creation of a centralized knowledge repository cataloguing historical waste-to-resource transactions, which subsequently enables the generation of recommendations based on past successes. However, a significant barrier to constructing such a knowledge repository lies in the absence of a universally standardized framework for representing business activities across disparate geographical regions. To address this challenge, this paper leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to classify textual data describing economic activities into the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), a globally recognized economic activity classification framework. This approach enables any economic activity descriptions provided by businesses worldwide to be categorized into the unified ISIC standard, facilitating the creation of a centralized knowledge repository. Our approach achieves a 95% accuracy rate on a 182-label test dataset with fine-tuned GPT-2 model. This research contributes to the global endeavour of fostering sustainable circular economy practices by providing a standardized foundation for knowledge codification and recommendation systems deployable across regions.
The Metaverse is a concept that proposes to immerse users into real-time rendered 3D content virtual worlds delivered through Extended Reality (XR) devices like Augmented and Mixed Reality (AR/MR) smart glasses and Virtual Reality (VR) headsets. When the Metaverse concept is applied to industrial environments, it is called Industrial Metaverse, a hybrid world where industrial operators work by using some of the latest technologies. Currently, such technologies are related to the ones fostered by Industry 4.0, which is evolving towards Industry 5.0, a paradigm that enhances Industry 4.0 by creating a sustainable and resilient world of industrial human-centric applications. The Industrial Metaverse can benefit from Industry 5.0, since it implies making use of dynamic and up-to-date content, as well as fast human-to-machine interactions. To enable such enhancements, this article proposes the concept of Meta-Operator: an Industry 5.0 worker that interacts with Industrial Metaverse applications and with his/her surroundings through advanced XR devices. This article provides a description of the technologies that support Meta-Operators: the main components of the Industrial Metaverse, the latest XR technologies and the use of Opportunistic Edge Computing communications (to interact with surrounding IoT/IioT devices). Moreover, this paper analyzes how to create the next generation of Industrial Metaverse applications based on Industry 5.0, including the integration of AR/MR devices with IoT/IIoT solutions, the development of advanced communications or the creation of shared experiences. Finally, this article provides a list of potential Industry 5.0 applications for the Industrial Metaverse and analyzes the main challenges and research lines. Thus, this article provides useful guidelines for the researchers that will create the next generation of applications for the Industrial Metaverse.
Purpose: The research intended to investigate the effects of organizational communication (both internal and external) on organizational legitimacy with the mediating role of corporate social responsibility in public sector organizations.
Methodology: The research method was applied in terms of purpose, and it was conducted in a descriptive-survey manner. The statistical population included public organizations; the sample size was composed of 152 subjects. After checking the validity and reliability of the researcher-made questionnaires, 393 were distributed among the participants and then analyzed; meanwhile, simple random sampling technique was applied to select the sample.
Findings: Path analysis method was used, and it shows that the organizations’ external and internal communications have a positive and significant effect on organizational legitimacy. In addition, results indicate that external and internal communications of organizations affect organizational legitimacy indirectly through corporate social responsibility.
Originality: The native model obtained in this research displays the relationship between internal and external organizational communications with organizational legitimacy as well as the mediating role of social responsibility in Iran's governmental organizations, which no other researcher has studied previously. The findings of the current research will enhance knowledge and awareness in this field and can be a basis for applied and efficient practice.
Economic growth, development, planning, Employee participation in management. Employee ownership. Industrial democracy. Works councils
Shabnam Heidary, Abolgasem Sarabadani, Alireza Hassanzadeh
et al.
Background & Purpose: This research, as one of the most elementary studies in the field of digital talent in Iran, has explained the model of digital talent management in Iran's banking industry (Mixed Method).Methodology: The research approach in this study is grounded theory and structural equation modeling. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with organizational experts in the banking industry and a quantitative questionnaire among employees.Findings: The findings include the final categories: philosophical and organizational orientations, situational analysis of digital talent, recognizing situational and perspective patterns, directions of strategic measures in the development of DTs, and improving the level of individual and organizational performance. In the quantitative part, the organizational and philosophical orientations have affected its three direct structures, i.e. digital talent situational analysis, recognition of situational patterns, and digital talent developing. In the studied structural model, the recognition of situational patterns structure is considered as the most effective structure in relation to digital talent developing and strategic actions orientations in digital talents development in the conceptual model.Conclusion: In general, the spread of digital thinking in various elements of banking is important and the development of internal orientations of banks towards digital ideology is a policy that can create more capabilities and capacities in the HR department, and the bring banks to better competitive advantages in the field of digital talents.
Employee participation in management. Employee ownership. Industrial democracy. Works councils
Fatemeh Zaersabet, Mohammad Doostar, Gholamreza Memarzadeh
et al.
Purpose: This research was done with the aim of providing a dynamic model of factors affecting the effective implementation of the civil service law in the field of human resources measures.
Methodology:The research approach in terms of method is mix method. In the qualitative part, with the theoretical sampling method, 46 scientific documents in the field of civil service law and implementation of public policy were content analyzed and effective factors in the implementation of civil service law in the form of three main dimensions, 29 components and 108 indicators after screening. Two rounds of fuzzy Delphi were explained with the participation of 11 experts. The statistical population of the quantitative part includes executive and academic experts who are proficient in the civil service law, which are 11 informed and knowledgeable experts in the field of non-probability (targeted) sampling in the form of a snowball. Civil Service Law were selected and their opinions and views were used in order to screen the research indicators in Delphi technique and analyze the trend of influential variables in the design of the dynamic model of effective implementation of the Civil Service Law in the field of human resources in the Venzym software environment.
Findings: The dynamic analysis of the variables showed that the accumulation variables include infrastructure, government, society, organizational structure and human resources. Flow variables also include human and financial capacities, organizational strategy, political factors, legal, cultural and social factors, recruitment and employment, service compensation and improvement of human resources, and by extracting the flow chart and simulating data over 5 years, Four dynamic hypotheses were presented for the effective implementation of the civil service law.
Originality: In terms of concept, for the first time with a qualitative and comprehensive approach, the factors affecting the implementation of the civil service law in the field of human resources management are explained, and in terms of methodology, modeling using the system dynamics method in this field is another new aspect. in this research. In terms of practical value, this research, by identifying the important feedback cycles of intervening factors in law enforcement, by presenting a scenario, has provided the context to pay attention to strengthening positive circles and planning to break negative reinforcing circles in effective law enforcement.
Economic growth, development, planning, Employee participation in management. Employee ownership. Industrial democracy. Works councils
Security and privacy are primary concerns in IoT management. Security breaches in IoT resources, such as smart sensors, can leak sensitive data and compromise the privacy of individuals. Effective IoT management requires a comprehensive approach to prioritize access security and data privacy protection. Digital twins create virtual representations of IoT resources. Blockchain adds decentralization, transparency, and reliability to IoT systems. This research integrates digital twins and blockchain to manage access to IoT data streaming. Digital twins are used to encapsulate data access and view configurations. Access is enabled on digital twins, not on IoT resources directly. Trust structures programmed as smart contracts are the ones that manage access to digital twins. Consequently, IoT resources are not exposed to third parties, and access security breaches can be prevented. Blockchain has been used to validate digital twins and store their configuration. The research presented in this paper enables multitenant access and customization of data streaming views and abstracts the complexity of data access management. This approach provides access and configuration security and data privacy protection.
Abbas Shafiee, Farajollah Rahnavard, Alireza Alinezhad
Purpose: This research intendes to investigate the moderating factors in the successful implementation of the procurement policy in Iran’s state-owned banks.
Methodology: The research method was applied in terms of purpose and regarding data collection method, it was quantitative. The statistical population included all managers and experts in charge of procurement departments in eight state-owned banks using the country's public procurement policies. The sample size was composed of 151subjects. The researcher-made questionnaires were distributed among the participants after checking validity and reliability; meanwhile, stratified random sampling technique was applied to select the sample.
Findings: Path analysis shows that proper structure, effective management, professional competence of employees and quality of laws and regulations have a positive and significant effect on the successful implementation of the procurement policy. In addition, results show that electronic procurement, political turmoil and economic instability, social relations, external organizational supervision, and the intensity of competition moderate the relationships between independent and dependent variables according to the research model.
Originality: A large number of studies have been conducted on the success of policy implementation, but none presented a comprehensive framework in this regard. The findings of the current research have identified the factors influencing the successful implementation of the procurement policy in the public sector of Iran, which lacks theoretical precedent in the literature.
Economic growth, development, planning, Employee participation in management. Employee ownership. Industrial democracy. Works councils
Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm allowing multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model without sharing their local data. However, FL entails exposing the model to various participants. This poses a risk of unauthorized model distribution or resale by the malicious client, compromising the intellectual property rights of the FL group. To deter such misbehavior, it is essential to establish a mechanism for verifying the ownership of the model and as well tracing its origin to the leaker among the FL participants. In this paper, we present FedTracker, the first FL model protection framework that provides both ownership verification and traceability. FedTracker adopts a bi-level protection scheme consisting of global watermark mechanism and local fingerprint mechanism. The former authenticates the ownership of the global model, while the latter identifies which client the model is derived from. FedTracker leverages Continual Learning (CL) principles to embed the watermark in a way that preserves the utility of the FL model on both primitive task and watermark task. FedTracker also devises a novel metric to better discriminate different fingerprints. Experimental results show FedTracker is effective in ownership verification, traceability, and maintains good fidelity and robustness against various watermark removal attacks.
Recent democratic backsliding and the rise of authoritarian regimes worldwide have rekindled interest in understanding the causes and consequences of such authoritarian rule in democracies. In this paper, I study the long-run political consequences of authoritarianism in the world's largest democracy. Exploiting the unexpected timing of the authoritarian rule imposed in India in the 1970s and using a difference-in-difference (DID), triple difference (DDD), and a regression discontinuity design (RDD) estimation approach, I document a sharp decline in the then-dominant incumbent, the Indian National Congress party's political dominance in subsequent years. I also present evidence that the decline in political dominance was not at the expense of a lower voter turnout rate. Instead, a sharp rise in the number of opposition candidates contesting elections in subsequent years played an important role. Finally, I examine the enduring consequences, revealing that confidence in politicians remains low in states where the draconian policy was high.
This paper explores optimal service resource management strategy, a continuous challenge for health information service to enhance service performance, optimise service resource utilisation and deliver interactive health information service. An adaptive optimal service resource management strategy was developed considering a value co-creation model in health information service with a focus on collaborative and interactive with users. The deep reinforcement learning algorithm was embedded in the Internet of Things (IoT)-based health information service system (I-HISS) to allocate service resources by controlling service provision and service adaptation based on user engagement behaviour. The simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate the significance of the proposed algorithm under different user reactions to the health information service.
Niklas Nolzen, Alissa Ganter, Nils Baumgärtner
et al.
The rising share of volatile renewable generation increases the demand for flexibility in the electricity grid. Flexible capacity can be offered by industrial energy systems through participation on either the continuous intraday, day-ahead, or balancing-power markets. Thus, industrial energy systems face the problem of where to market their flexible capacity. Here, we propose a method to integrate trading on the continuous intraday market into a multi-market optimization for flexible industrial energy systems. To estimate the intraday market revenues, we employ option-price theory. Subsequently, a multi-stage stochastic optimization determines an optimized bidding strategy and allocates the flexible capacity. The method is applied to a case study of a multi-energy system showing that coordinated bidding in all three considered markets reduces cost most. A sensitivity analysis for the intraday market volatility reveals changing market preferences, thus emphasizing the need for multi-market optimization. The proposed method provides a practical decision-support tool in short-term electricity and balancing-power markets.
We study how office-seeking parties use direct democracy to shape elections. A party with a strong electoral base can benefit from using a binding referendum to resolve issues that divide its core supporters. When referendums do not bind, however, an electorally disadvantaged party may initiate a referendum to elevate new issues in order to divide the supporters of its stronger opponent. We identify conditions under which direct democracy improves congruence between policy outcomes and voter preferences, but also show that it can lead to greater misalignment both on issues subject to direct democracy and those that are not.
Shrutarv Awasthi, Nils Gramse, Christopher Reining
et al.
This work aims at showing that it is feasible and safe to use a swarm of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) indoors alongside humans. UAVs are increasingly being integrated under the Industry 4.0 framework. UAV swarms are primarily deployed outdoors in civil and military applications, but the opportunities for using them in manufacturing and supply chain management are immense. There is extensive research on UAV technology, e.g., localization, control, and computer vision, but less research on the practical application of UAVs in industry. UAV technology could improve data collection and monitoring, enhance decision-making in an Internet of Things framework and automate time-consuming and redundant tasks in the industry. However, there is a gap between the technological developments of UAVs and their integration into the supply chain. Therefore, this work focuses on automating the task of transporting packages utilizing a swarm of small UAVs operating alongside humans. MoCap system, ROS, and unity are used for localization, inter-process communication and visualization. Multiple experiments are performed with the UAVs in wander and swarm mode in a warehouse like environment.
Background & Purpose: Although many years have passed since the phenomenon of Trained Incapacity was introduced in the field of human resource studies, its visible and hidden indicators has remained undiscovered. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to explore the concept of Trained Incapacity in Iranian government organizations to achieve a deep understanding of the content of this phenomenon among experts in the administrative system. Methodology: The research strategy was interpretive mapping of grounded theory and its participants were employees of government organizations in Ilam, Iran. Twenty people were interviewed through theoretical sampling method considering the theoretical saturation rule. The main data collection tool in the qualitative section was a semi-structured interview to enumerate the manifestations of the central phenomenon. And in the quantitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to validate the emerging conceptual model. The validity of the interviews was assessed using two strategies of triangulation and peer review, and the reliability method between the two coders was considered to ensure the quality of the data. Findings: The results showed that the trained incapacity is conceived and plotted in the form of a three-layer model. In the deepest conceptual layer, the five factors of Administrative panic formation, Inferiority Feeling, Institutionalization of job habits, Job in adequacy form the central phenomenon. The most obvious layer of trained incapacity is manifested in the form of behaviors such as Job Routineness, Job Regressionism, and Job immunization. Furthermore, the results of model validation through a sample test by considering the six indicators of comprehensiveness, brevity, uniqueness, coherence, fit with organizations and fit with the current needs of organizations indicated that the conceptual model has theoretical validity from the point of view of experts and informants. Conclusion: Awareness of the indicators of the trained incapacity phenomenon in the environment of government organizations is an important step in increasing the knowledge of managers about lesser known phenomena in the context of the dark edge of organizational behavior discourse. Strategies proposed in this field can also provide the necessary platform to reduce its effects on the body of organizations.
Employee participation in management. Employee ownership. Industrial democracy. Works councils
Roghayeh Aemehdoost Kohnehsari, Mohammad Ataie, Habibollah Taherpour Kalantari
Purpose: This study is to identify the factors affecting the quality of work-life and to evaluate their importance from the perspective of different personality types in government organizations.
Methodology: The research was mixed in terms of the applied purpose and data nature. In the qualitative section, the statistical population included academic and organizational experts in the field of public administration, and the relevant data were obtained through a review of theoretical foundations and through Delphi technique teamed by a group of these experts. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included managers, deputies and employees of government organizations, and the data were collected by applying a questionnaire. In order to identify the factors, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used so that the validity of the relations among factors and indexes could be assessed.
Findings: Six social, cultural, psychological, economic, structural and managerial dimensions are identified and prioritized based on personality types. In the personality type of high openness, the cultural dimension and the component of work ethics fall into the first rank but in the personality types of high neuroticism, extroverted, responsible (conscientious), high temperament, the social dimension and the component of work-life relationship fall into the first rank.
Economic growth, development, planning, Employee participation in management. Employee ownership. Industrial democracy. Works councils
Women represent less than 24% of employees in the software development industry and experience various types of prejudice and bias. Despite various efforts to increase diversity and multi-gendered participation, women are even more underrepresented in Open Source Software (OSS) projects. In my PhD, I investigate the following question: How can OSS communities increase women's participation in their projects? I will identify different OSS career pathways and develop a holistic view of women's motivations to join or leave OSS, as well as their definitions of success. Based on this empirical investigation, I will work together with the Linux Foundation to design attraction and retention strategies focused on women. Before and after implementing the strategies, I will conduct empirical studies to evaluate the state of the practice and understand the implications of the strategies.
Ira Ché Lassen, Acacia Arielle-Evans, Laura Ríos
et al.
National calls to transform laboratory courses by making them more discovery-based can be met by engaging students in multi-week final projects. One plausible outcome of this approach is that students may feel ownership of their projects. We define ownership as a dynamic relationship between students and their projects characterized by three student-project interactions that evolve over three project phases. Student-project interactions include students' contributions to, emotional responses to, and new understanding of the project. Phases include choosing the topic and team, carrying out the research, and creating and presenting end-of-project deliverables. Drawing on interviews with students collected as part of a multi-year, multi-institutional study, this paper will elaborate on the evolution of students' own new knowledge about the project across different project phases. Throughout our work, we compare the type of ownership that manifests when students work on projects in a lab course to the type of ownership gardeners feel when tending to plots in a community garden. We end with recommendations for instructors wishing to foster project ownership in their lab courses.