Abstract This article examines the internal contradictions and social pathologies generated by the modern paradigm, focusing especially on the issue of migration. Using epistemological critiques from thinkers like Adorno, Kuhn, Popper, Hayek, and the Frankfurt School, the paper argues that modernity’s promise of universal rationality and scientific progress has frequently resulted in structures that are exclusionary, homogenizing, and sometimes even totalitarian. The paper then links these theoretical debates to contemporary migration. It emphasizes how refugee women—especially those facing the combined challenges of gender and displacement—experience complex layers of social invisibility and discursive erasure. By critically applying recognition theory and discourse analysis, the study highlights how modernity’s promise of inclusion frequently hides the actual mechanisms of marginalization. In this part, the article demonstrates that these marginalization processes are linked to the scientific premises of the modern paradigm and considers the migration problem as an example of the pathology of the modern paradigm.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social Sciences
Erfan Efendi, Moh. Rofid Fikroni, Ali Saeed
et al.
This study examines how religious moderation is structured and sustained within pesantren-based private Islamic higher education institutions (Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Swasta/PTKIS) in the Tapal Kuda region of East Java, Indonesia. It specifically explores the roles of institutional leadership, organizational culture, and everyday academic practices in the institutionalization of moderation. This research employed a qualitative interpretive design involving six pesantren-based PTKIS. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and document analysis with 10 key informants, including university leaders, pesantren authorities, and academic managers. The data were analyzed using a structuration perspective to examine the dynamic interaction between institutional structures and human agency in reproducing moderation practices. The findings show that religious moderation is sustained through a hybrid governance model that combines formal university administration with pesantren-based religious authority. Within this model, moderation is institutionalized through three interconnected mechanisms: authoritative regulation grounded in leadership legitimacy, persuasive academic engagement through dialogical pedagogy, and normative cultural internalization through pesantren routines and mentoring practices. The originality of this study lies in the development of an institutional structuration perspective that conceptualizes religious moderation as a recursively reproduced institutional practice rather than merely a policy agenda or ideological discourse. This study contributes theoretically by offering a three-mechanism model for understanding the institutional reproduction of religious moderation in Islamic higher education and contributes practically by providing insights for policymakers and university leaders on how culturally embedded governance and leadership legitimacy can strengthen the sustainability of religious moderation.
The increasing availability of large-scale corpora and advanced data-processing tools has enhanced the analysis of phraseological units. This study investigates the phraseology of English non-finite clauses – specifically to-infinitive, -ing, and past participle clauses –headed by adjectives, adverbs, nouns, and pronouns. It explores the phraseological patterns of these structures and their semantic extensions within a specialized corpus of business English. The corpus comprises academic and journalistic registers, with the academic register including research articles from four leading journals and graduate theses from Tunisian institutions, while the news register features business articles from The Economist and Financial Times. The study identifies lexico-grammatical patterns forming various phraseologies of non-finite clauses and categorizes these patterns into semantic sets based on the degree of fixedness. Findings reveal differences in the frequency of non-finite phraseologies across the academic and news register, and similarities in the degree of fixedness and functions of the most frequent patterns. The study offers a corpus-based account of how non-finite clause constructions are used across business registers, contributing to a broader understanding of register variation, discourse organization, and phraseological conventions in business discourse.
Special aspects of education, Language acquisition
Migration between Haiti and the Dominican Republic has long reflected Hispaniola’s intertwined histories of grievances, distrust, inequality, and interdependence. Under President Luis Abinader (2020–2025), this relationship gained renewed political significance as regional instability and Haiti’s institutional collapse made migration a central concern of governance. This study examines the Dominican state’s discourse on Haitian migration through a combination of historiographical interpretation and discourse-historical frame analysis. Using the diagnostic–prognostic–motivational triad, this analysis examines 26 official statements, legal documents, and media articles to trace how notions of order, security, and humanitarian responsibility have structured migration policy during this period. The findings identify four interrelated logics—securitisation, nativism, racialisation, and statelessness—that shape how migration is problematised and managed. While overtly xenophobic or racist language has largely disappeared from official discourse, older anti-Haitian hierarchies persist beneath a technocratic and humanitarian surface. Deportations, biometric border management, mass detentions, violence, and preferential bureaucratic practices are presented as neutral governance, even as they disproportionately and unlawfully affect darker-skinned citizens and migrants of Haitian descent. The analysis suggests that Dominican migration governance represents neither rupture nor continuity, but rather a rearticulation of narratives of security, sovereignty, and national identity in a context of contemporary securitising issues in Haiti.
Since all policies address problems, they necessarily include implicit or explicit constructions of these problems. This paper explores how child maltreatment has been constructed in New Zealand’s child protection policies. It questions the underlying assumptions of this problem construction and seeks to shed light on what has been omitted. Utilizing a qualitative content analysis of eight key policy documents, this study reveals the construction of child maltreatment has been dominated primarily by a child-centric, risk-focused approach. This approach assigns blame and shifts responsibilities onto parents and families. In addition, the vulnerability discourse and social investment approach underpinning this perspective have allowed important structural factors, such as poverty and inequality, to remain unaddressed. This paper also highlights the one-dimensional focus on the lower social class to control future liabilities. We suggest that the harm inflicted by corporations on children’s well-being is another form of child exploitation currently omitted from the problem construction. We suggest that child abuse should be defined and understood in policy as harm to children’s well-being and argue that the state should prevent and mitigate harm by addressing structural forces of the problem as well as protecting children against corporate harms.
Background. Context is the essential tool to connect the sentences in the text. The formalization of the context relations has been well considered for cohesion. However, the role of coherence in the context relations requires its studying. Since both kinds of the linkage participate in the forming the context relations there is a need to develop a system of analysis of context which considers both categories of textuality. There is in pragmatics different approaches to examine contexts. In the article is given a short analysis of the minimalists and contextualists approaches. It is shown that contextualists approach fits more for the text analysis.
Materials and methods. The research material comprises fragments of fiction and non-fiction texts containing clearly manifested context relations. Methods used – discourse analysis, classification.
Purpose. To establish specificity of the cohesive and coherence connections between the sentences linked by means of the context relations.
Results. Contextual relations are defined as relations between base of the context and the context. Base of context are context sensitive expressions and parts of sentence obtained context sensitivity in some conditions. The selected texts illustrate that context relations are manifested to a greater or lesser extent depending on context sensitivity of the base of context. A pattern has been revealed that the importance of coherence increases as the level of the context sensitivity while reducing the level of the context sensitivity or vice versa.
The abundance of ritual descriptions in the Gospel of Mark suggests a discourse about ritual between the narrator and early audiences of the Gospel. The prominence of the ritual of baptism at the beginning (Mark 1:9–11) and anointing at the end (16:1–8), and the recurrence of themes introduced in Jesus’s baptism at turning points in the Gospel (9:2–8; 10:38–39; 15:38–39) suggest broader ritual—and specifically baptismal—significance in the narrative. Recent changes helpfully differentiate narrative- and performance-critical interpretive approaches as text-oriented (narrative) and audience-oriented (performance), but these hermeneutical methods also work in concert. This article combines cognitive studies of narrative immersion with observations about the role of ritual in group identity formation and the impartation of religious traditions to analyze the narration of ritual acts in Mark. Giving attention to the use of internal focalization and description of bodily movements in ritual narrations, this article argues that depictions of rituals in Mark involve the audience in ways that deliver audience-oriented interpretations through text-oriented means. This analysis shows how Mark’s ritual narrations are conducive to evoking the audience’s experience of baptism, familiar to audience members as described in the undisputed Pauline epistles, the only descriptions of the rite that clearly antedate the composition of Mark. Publicly reading these narrated rituals creates an audience experience that neither requires the performance of the ritual in the context of the reading event nor an “acting out” of the ritual depicted in the narrative to create a participatory, communal experience of the text.
Valery Dmitrievich Solovyev, Marina Ivanovna Solnyshkina, Danielle S. McNamara
The dramatic expansion of modern linguistic research and enhanced accuracy of linguistic analysis have become a reality due to the ability of artificial neural networks not only to learn and adapt, but also carry out automate linguistic analysis, select, modify and compare texts of various types and genres. The purpose of this article and the journal issue as a whole is to present modern areas of research in computational linguistics and linguistic complexology, as well as to define a solid rationale for the new interdisciplinary field, i.e. discourse complexology. The review of trends in computational linguistics focuses on the following aspects of research: applied problems and methods, computational linguistic resources, contribution of theoretical linguistics to computational linguistics, and the use of deep learning neural networks. The special issue also addresses the problem of objective and relative text complexity and its assessment. We focus on the two main approaches to linguistic complexity assessment: “parametric approach” and machine learning. The findings of the studies published in this special issue indicate a major contribution of computational linguistics to discourse complexology, including new algorithms developed to solve discourse complexology problems. The issue outlines the research areas of linguistic complexology and provides a framework to guide its further development including a design of a complexity matrix for texts of various types and genres, refining the list of complexity predictors, validating new complexity criteria, and expanding databases for natural language.
As critical discourse analysis/studies move into the second decade of the 21st century, there is a need to reflect on their evolution and envision their future development. In this paper, CiteSpace and VOSviewer are employed to gain holistic insights into CDA/CDS research and capture the recent research foci. The Web of Science core collection database is a prominent resource for collecting data. It was found that (1) CDA has broadly absorbed the theories of other disciplines and increasingly developed into a super-discipline; (2) corpus building, the advent of computer technology, and the development of linguistic analysis software have provided effective analytical tools for critical discourse research, making it possible for overall and partial analyses to complement each other and for complementary qualitative and quantitative approaches to be used to enhance the thoroughness and precision of research; and (3) the research methods for conducting CDA tend to be diverse and comprehensive.
The purpose of this contribution is to identify and analyze the gestures used by Korean learners addressed to their French teacher in the context of French as a foreign language courses at the university in South Korea. For this analysis of learner practices, we will use the functional categorization of gestures established by Cosnier (1982, 1997), in which we will retain the communicative co-verbal illustrative gestures. We will also recall the dimensions defined by McNeill (1992, 2005). We’ll focus on the many illustrative gestures, mainly iconic and deictic, revealing the discursive and cultural specificities of Korean learners in their interactions with French teachers. We have tried to see how the body of participants in the exchange co-constructs discourse and meaning in this situation, which may lead to misunderstanding and incomprehension. For that purpose, we analyzed for each example, the teacher's reaction to the learner’s gesture to see if the intention of the learner was understood and the way he managed the exchange.Our study reveals a preponderance of illustrative gestures in the context of learning French, which can be explained by the need to rephrase, to clarify the contain of the statements, or even to overcome a language gap. We have identified apparently intentional gestures which were performed to illustrate the verbal discourse (applaudir, pigeon, boire, billard, étudier, rire). Mostly iconic, these gestures of lexical verification and lexical compensation revealed socio-cultural specificities. These peculiarities appeared on with the use of an exolingual lexicon which is not shared (Pocketball, CEO) or culturally influenced gestures (small glass of alcohol, interjection Hoho). Furthermore, throughout the corpus we have identified many deictic gestures that provide the primary function of designation. But sometimes these gestures go further because they replace a verbal form that would be complex to produce in the target language ("My sister is the same age as Suji", "You made an imprudent marriage"). They can no longer be considered as mere pointing gestures.All the illustrative co-verbal gestures of Korean learners thus seem to be part of a communicative strategy to overcome discursive and grammatical problems, as Gullberg (2005) pointed out. And it also allows them to respect the tacit contract banning the use of the native language in the classroom during a foreign language course. If they are sometimes indicative of a culture, the gestures performed by the learners are usually taken over by the teachers and adapted to their own representation of the world, as a reformulation of what is being said.
This paper is a case study that will be conducted on different discourses circulating on the occasion of the public protests in Bucharest (January-February 2017), following the Romanian government's decision to amend the provisions of the Criminal Code that would have led to the decriminalization of the abuse of authority. The corpora used include the slogans of the events as well as the texts published in the independent online platforms in the same period. The objectives are to identify and analyze the different themes of fear and how the mise en discours of the language of emotions is conducted, in order to draw the contemporary benchmarks of citizens’ fears in Romania. Our study considers fear as a socio-discursive concept, which is organically related to emotion.
Otherwise, fear — as an abstract concept — finds its area of influence within discourses or its universe of origin, leading to its social character and ideological function. As an enunciative operation, fear serves to the internal building of the ideological discourse and, at the same time, it remains a vector of discourse coherence.
Keywords: discourse analysis, fear, ideological discourse, Romania, #REZIST
Résumé
Cet article est une étude de cas appliquée aux différents discours ayant circulé à l’occasion des manifestations #REZIST de Bucarest (janvier-février 2017) suite à la décision du gouvernement de modifier les dispositions du Code criminel qui aurait conduit à la dépénalisation de l'abus de pouvoir. Le corpus utilisé regroupe les slogans des protestations ainsi que les textes publiés dans les plates-formes en ligne indépendantes sur la même période. Les objectifs suivis sont l’identification et l’analyse des différents thèmes de la peur et les modalités de mise en discours du langage des émotions, dans le but de tracer les repères contemporains de la peur en Roumanie. Précisons que nous avons considéré la peur comme notion socio-discursive, qui est étroitement liée à l’émotion. En outre, la peur est un concept abstrait, qui puise sa force d’influence dans les discours, c’est-àdire dans son univers d’origine, d’où son caractère social, ainsi que sa fonction idéologisante. En tant qu’opération énonciative, la peur sert à la structuration interne du discours idéologique, tout en restant un vecteur de la cohérence du discours.
Mots-clés : l’analyse de discours, le discours idéologique, la peur, la Roumanie, #REZIST
André Luiz Maranhão de Souza Leão , Flávia Zimmerle da Nóbrega Costa
The Harry Potter saga became one of the cultural products with a major impact on the twenty-first century. Its fans, called potterheads, relate in a social space known as fandom. Their practices are based on the appropriation of the cultural text in a productive consumption process within a context of participatory culture. Assuming desire from the perspective of Deleuzian assemblage theory, which presents this concept as a flow of productive energy that is articulated through a collective force, this study aimed to understand how potterheads’ productive consumption is assemblaged by desire. We therefore explored multifocal data concerning practices of potterheads available on digital platforms using Foucauldian Discourse Analysis. Our results revealed that potterheads’ desire assemblage maintains their bond with the canonical universe of the saga, as a way of maintaining identity and security in the transition to adult life, through relationships in the fandom and in pursuit of broader social legitimacy. The study contributes theoretically by adopting the Deleuzian notion of desire as a lens to understand the collective action of consumers in cultural contexts of practice.
Discourse and media communication researchers pay attention to the fact that popular discursive and communicative practices have a tendency to hybridization and convergence. Discourse which is understood as language in use is flexible. Consequently, it turns out that one and the same text can represent several types of discourses. A vivid example of this tendency is revealed in American commencement speech / commencement address / graduation speech. A commencement speech is a speech university graduates are addressed with which in compliance with the modern trend is delivered by outstanding media personalities (politicians, athletes, actors, etc.). The objective of this study is to define the specificity of the realization of polydiscursive practices within commencement speech. The research involves discursive, contextual, stylistic and definitive analyses. Methodologically the study is based on the discourse analysis theory, in particular the notion of a discursive practice as a verbalized social practice makes up the conceptual basis of the research. This research draws upon a hundred commencement speeches delivered by prominent representatives of American society since 1980s till now. In brief, commencement speech belongs to institutional discourse public speech embodies. Commencement speech institutional parameters are well represented in speeches delivered by people in power like American and university presidents. Nevertheless, as the results of the research indicate commencement speech institutional character is not its only feature. Conceptual information analysis enables to refer commencement speech to didactic discourse as it is aimed at teaching university graduates how to deal with challenges life is rich in. Discursive practices of personal discourse are also actively integrated into the commencement speech discourse. More than that, existential discursive practices also find their way into the discourse under study. Commencement speech also embodies didactic discourse as its objective is to share the final piece of knowledge the teachers can offer on such a significant day. Besides institutional and didactic discourses, commencement speech represents memoire discourse for many orators go back to and indulge in their memories of the days passed. Apart from this, current commencement speeches are closely related to ironic discourse. As a result of three types of transformations discursive practices undergo in commencement speech discourse it acquires the property of a polydiscursive hybrid. The harmonious combination of polydiscursive practices contributes to commencement speech hybridization which increases the degree of commencement speech persuasiveness.
فردوسی و متنبی، دو حماسهسرای بزرگ ادب پارسی و عربی، تصاویر بدیعی از حملات توفندهی لشکریان، خلق کردهاند که از زوایای مختلف، قابل تأمل و بررسی است. عواملی چون توارد، الگوهای کلیشهای و تأثیرپذیری فردوسی از متنبی، باعث شده تا این دو شاعر در ترسیم باشکوه صحنههای حماسی سپاهیان؛ مضامین و تصاویر مشترکی داشته باشند؛ اما فردوسی به دلیل شرایط خاص سیاسی- اجتماعی، خود را در مقابل مردم میبیند؛ بنابراین برای تأثیرگذاری و دمیدن روح مقاومت در آنان، تصاویری روشن، کوبنده و پرشور میآفریند. در عوض، متنبی برای کسب رضایت ممدوح و رقابت با شاعران دربار سیفالدوله، با تمتع از انواع استعاره، عنصر اغراق و تشبیهات مرکب، به خیالورزی و هنرنمایی دست مییازد. تلاش ما در این پژوهش، معطوف به مقایسه مشترک این دو شاعر و نقد و بررسی میزان قدرت تخیل آنان در صورتگری از لشکریان است.
<span>Este artigo tem como tema o Movimento do Audiovisual Paraibano e sua apropriação dos dispositivos midiáticos digitais para otimizar suas estratégias de reivindicação de demandas para o setor e de que maneira esse movimento contribui para a mídia independente paraibana. Nossa proposta é apresentar uma reflexão teórica sobre as potencialidades de uso de dispositivos midiáticos digitais pelos movimentos sociais no contexto da contra-hegemonia, além de fazer um preâmbulo descritivo sobre o Movimento do Audiovisual da Paraíba e seu contexto na mídia independente.</span>
The purpose of this study was to get information about the psychological needs of adolescents with depressive disorders. The information was revealed: 1. the number and levels of depression, 2. Psychological needs, 3. support needs, 4. Close people needed. The method used was survey, with a descriptive analysis. Subjects were 1054 people, which consist of 570 men and 484 women in 2nd grade of State and Private Senior High School in Surabaya. Results of the study that there was 0% teens that don't have depression and depression in mild, 42 people (4.022%) were depressed, 917 people (87.8%) had major depression, 95 people (9.09%) had acute depression. Acute depression disorders experienced more in female subjects than in males, that is 11, 98% to 6.49%. Forms of psychological needs of adolescents with depression is social support such as: information related to depression as much as 10.7%, emotional support (encouragement, affection, closeness and willingness to listen complaints) 40.8%, financial support (provide facilities to entertain themselves, switch to eat and go to a place of entertainment, refreshment or a walk and exercise) 16.7%, moral support (advice, discourse, confidence and calmness) as much as 31.8%. Initial action was to lock themselves alone and do reflection as much as 38.6%; entertaining themselves as much as 15.4%; having exercise as much as 10.9%; having refreshment 35.1%. Actions to solve issue are sharing with friend as much as 48.7%; sharing with parents as much as 15.4%; silent as much as 30.8% and others as much as 5.1%. The expected parenting type is democratic 95%, authoritarian as much as 1% and the remaining 4% is permissive.
Key words: adolescents, depression and psychological needs