Goldbach’s conjecture is simply proved in Hilbert arithmetic. However, that proof is either invalid (“incomplete”) or false (“contradictory”) in the standard mathematics obeying Gödel’s objections about the relation of arithmetic to set theory. The proof uses the “apophatic” (holistic) reformulation of the Kochen - Specker theorem and the fundamental randomness of primes in Hilbert arithmetic: both confirmed to be true in previous papers. A few other conjectures, about twin primes, k-twin primes, k-tuple primes (a part of the Hardy - Littlewood conjecture) including about infinite tuples are deduced from Goldbach’s conjecture as corollaries in Hilbert arithmetic. The hypothesis that the asymptotic behaviour predicted by Hardy and Littlewood is false in Hilbert arithmetic is reasoned. A few philosophical observations about “crossing Rubicon to reality” after interpreting the Gleason and Kochen - Specker theorems to the meta-space of human experience to be Hilbert space and considering the opposition of two- versus three-dimensionality meant by them where the former is associated with Modernity and the latter, with Postmodernity: thus, both defined rigorously and mathematically unlike today’s vague humanitarian (cultural and relativistic) research about them and that historical development led to it. Another and quite simple proof of the theorem about the asymptotic limit of the number of primes until any natural number is suggested. The link between Goldbach’s conjecture and Riemann’s hypothesis is demonstrated to be inherent and almost obvious in Hilbert arithmetic. The conclusion explains why the proofs of centuries-old puzzles about primes are so “scandalously” brief and simple in Hilbert arithmetic.
Sohini Roychowdhury, Marko Krema, Anvar Mahammad
et al.
Large language models (LLMs) with retrieval augmented-generation (RAG) have been the optimal choice for scalable generative AI solutions in the recent past. Although RAG implemented with AI agents (agentic-RAG) has been recently popularized, its suffers from unstable cost and unreliable performances for Enterprise-level data-practices. Most existing use-cases that incorporate RAG with LLMs have been either generic or extremely domain specific, thereby questioning the scalability and generalizability of RAG-LLM approaches. In this work, we propose a unique LLM-based system where multiple LLMs can be invoked to enable data authentication, user-query routing, data-retrieval and custom prompting for question-answering capabilities from Enterprise-data tables. The source tables here are highly fluctuating and large in size and the proposed framework enables structured responses in under 10 seconds per query. Additionally, we propose a five metric scoring module that detects and reports hallucinations in the LLM responses. Our proposed system and scoring metrics achieve >90% confidence scores across hundreds of user queries in the sustainability, financial health and social media domains. Extensions to the proposed extreme RAG architectures can enable heterogeneous source querying using LLMs.
Narotam Singh, Vaibhav Chaudhary, Nimisha Singh
et al.
This paper explores the transformative impact of Generative AI (GenAI) on the business landscape, examining its role in reshaping traditional business models, intensifying market competition, and fostering innovation. By applying the principles of Neo-Schumpeterian economics, the research analyses how GenAI is driving a new wave of "creative destruction," leading to the emergence of novel business paradigms and value propositions. The findings reveal that GenAI enhances operational efficiency, facilitates product and service innovation, and creates new revenue streams, positioning it as a powerful catalyst for substantial shifts in business structures and strategies. However, the deployment of GenAI also presents significant challenges, including ethical concerns, regulatory demands, and the risk of job displacement. By addressing the multifarious nature of GenAI, this paper provides valuable insights for business leaders, policymakers, and researchers, guiding them towards a balanced and responsible integration of this transformative technology. Ultimately, GenAI is not merely a technological advancement but a driver of profound change, heralding a future where creativity, efficiency, and growth are redefined.
One of the main use cases of process mining is to discover and analyze how users follow business assignments, providing valuable insights into process efficiency and optimization. In this paper, we present a comprehensive dataset consisting of 50 real business processes. The dataset holds significant potential for research in various applications, including task mining and process automation which is a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners.
Business Intelligence constitutes a set of methodologies and tools aiming at querying, reporting, on-line analytic processing (OLAP), generating alerts, performing business analytics, etc. When in need to perform these tasks collectively by different collaborators, we need a Collaborative Business Intelligence (CBI) platform. CBI plays a significant role in targeting a common goal among various companies, but it requires them to connect, organize and coordinate with each other to share opportunities, respecting their own autonomy and heterogeneity. This paper presents a CBI platform that hat democratizes data by allowing BI users to easily connect, share and visualize data among collaborators, obtain actionable answers by collaborative analysis, investigate and make collaborative decisions, and also store the analyses along graphical diagrams and charts in a collaborative ontology knowledge base. Our CBI framework supports and assists information sharing, collaborative decision-making and annotation management beyond the boundaries of individuals and enterprises.
Veel organisaties hebben de principes rondom agile (wendbaar) werken omarmd. Deze bijdrage gaat in op de vraag wat de gevolgen zijn van agile werken voor het budgetteringsproces in organisaties. Die vraag is relevant omdat uit de literatuur blijkt dat de principes van agile werken bijna haaks staan op de uitgangspunten van budgettering. Er wordt zelfs gesuggereerd dat een combinatie van beide niet mogelijk is en dat het budget moet worden afgeschaft in een agile omgeving. Dit laatste is typisch voor de Beyond Budgeting-literatuur. Dit artikel bespreekt de resultaten van een multiple-casestudy-onderzoek in negen verschillende organisaties die agile werken. Het blijkt dat deze organisaties vrijwel alle principes rondom agile werken hebben omarmd en dat zij de ‘klassieke’ problemen rondom budgetprocessen herkennen. Toch hebben deze organisaties het budgetproces niet afgeschaft. In plaats daarvan laten de casestudy’s zien dat de budgetprocessen op vier hoofdpunten zijn aangepast aan de agile manier van werken. Als eerste vermindert men het aantal functies dat door een en hetzelfde budget moet worden vervuld door met name rolling forecasts en benchmarking toe te passen en het budget beter aan te laten sluiten bij andere bestaande management control-processen. Ten tweede wordt benadrukt dat het kortcyclische agile werken (met een variabele scope) vereist dat de aansluiting met strategie wordt bewaakt en dat dit eisen stelt aan de governance van de (project-)organisatie. Als het over die governance gaat, stelt men ten derde vast dat top-down-budgettering onmogelijk gecombineerd kan worden met agile: decentralisatie (bottom-up) is noodzakelijk. Dit laatste stelt (ten vierde) eisen aan de control-filosofie van de organisatie: er dient veel meer sprake te zijn van vertrouwen (trust) dan van controle voor- en achteraf.
Business, Business mathematics. Commercial arithmetic. Including tables, etc.
Howard S. Cohl, Moritz Schubotz, Abdou Youssef
et al.
Document preparation systems like LaTeX offer the ability to render mathematical expressions as one would write these on paper. Using LaTeX, LaTeXML, and tools generated for use in the National Institute of Standards (NIST) Digital Library of Mathematical Functions, semantically enhanced mathematical LaTeX markup (semantic LaTeX) is achieved by using a semantic macro set. Computer algebra systems (CAS) such as Maple and Mathematica use alternative markup to represent mathematical expressions. By taking advantage of Youssef's Part-of-Math tagger and CAS internal representations, we develop algorithms to translate mathematical expressions represented in semantic LaTeX to corresponding CAS representations and vice versa. We have also developed tools for translating the entire Wolfram Encoding Continued Fraction Knowledge and University of Antwerp Continued Fractions for Special Functions datasets, for use in the NIST Digital Repository of Mathematical Formulae. The overall goal of these efforts is to provide semantically enriched standard conforming MathML representations to the public for formulae in digital mathematics libraries. These representations include presentation MathML, content MathML, generic LaTeX, semantic LaTeX, and now CAS representations as well.
Alistair P. Barros, Arthur H. M. ter Hofstede, Henderik A. Proper
et al.
By incorporating aspects of coordination and collaboration, workflow implementations of information systems require a sound conceptualisation of \EM{business processing} semantics. Traditionally, the success of conceptual modelling techniques has depended largely on the adequacy of conceptualisation, expressive power, comprehensibility and formal foundation. An equally important requirement, particularly with the increased conceptualisation of business aspects, is \EM{business suitability}. In this paper, the focus is on the business suitability of workflow modelling for a commonly encountered class of (operational) business processing, e.g. those of insurance claims, bank loans and land conveyancing. A general assessment is first conducted on some \EM{integrated} techniques characterising well-known paradigms - structured process modelling, object-oriented modelling, behavioural process modelling and business-oriented modelling. Through this, an insight into business suitability within the broader perspective of technique adequacy, is gained. A specific business suitability diagnosis then follows using a particular characterisation of business processing, i.e.\ one where the intuitive semantics and inter-relationship of business services and business processes are nuanced. As a result, five business suitability principles are elicited. These are proposed for a more detailed understanding and (synthetic) development of workflow modelling techniques. Accordingly, further insight into workflow specification languages and workflow globalisation in open distributed architectures may also be gained.
Context: Digitalization brings new opportunities and also challenges to software companies. Objective: Software companies have mostly focused on the technical aspects of handing changes and mostly ignoring the business model changes and their implications on software organization and the architecture. In this paper, we synthesize implications of the digitalization based on an extensive literature survey and a longitudinal case study at Ericsson AB. Method: Using thematic analysis, we present six propositions to be used to facilitate the cross-disciplinary analysis of business model dynamics and the effectiveness and efficiency of the outcome of business modeling, by linking value, transaction, and organizational learning to business model change. Conclusions: Business model alignment is highlighted as a new business model research area for understanding the relationships between the dynamic nature of business models, organization design, and the value creation in the business model activities.
This study presents a new hybrid framework based on the multi-criteria decision making in order to rank the potential site layout locations by consideration of the cost and safety criteria in the Mehr Construction Project in Tehran, Iran. To this end, all of the criteria in selecting suitable potential locations are extracted from the research literature and the most effective ones, which are matched with existing conditions in Tehran are considered based on the opinion of experts,. Then, the proper locations for site layout are determined as the potential alternatives and ranked by experts based on the structure. According to the data collected from the questionnaires, the weights of the selected criteria are calculated using Best Worst Method (BWM) and the final ranking of the locations is performed using two Gray Relational Analysis and VIKOR methods. The computational results indicate that both VIKOR and GRA methods yield the same ranking. However, a method with higher reliability should be used to select the best potential location of construction site layout. Therefore, the sensitivity analysis of final outputs on the parameters existing in VIKOR and GRA methods is used in order to rank the alternatives and select the best approach. According to the computational results, the GRA method provides higher robustness compared with the VIKOR method. Accordingly, the ranking obtained from the GRA method is employed as the final solution in implementing the case study.
Analysis, Business mathematics. Commercial arithmetic. Including tables, etc.
This paper characterizes the routing problems arising in distribution of rice-for-the-poor in a district and presents a generic mathematical formulation of vehicle routing problems (VRP) for solving the problems. The proposed generic model, framed as a mixed integer linear programming, is formulated in such a way to encompass three distinct features; namely multiple depots (MD) establishment, multiple trips (MT) transportation, and split delivery (SD) mechanism. This model is implemented for a real-world problem of rice-for-the-poor distribution in the Ponorogo district of Indonesia, involved for deliveries among 3 depots—8, 17, and 23 villages depended on the distribution period—using a fleet of 5 vehicles of homogeneous capacity. Three types of distribution model are identified as MD-MT-VRP, MD-VRP-SD and MD-MT-VRP-SD.
Analysis, Business mathematics. Commercial arithmetic. Including tables, etc.
Kouroush Jenab, Selva Staub, Saeid Moslehpour
et al.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the Intelligent Enterprise Resource Planning (I-ERP) System can be used in company operations. Machine learning is embedded in a decision tree algorithm to demonstrate the viability of intelligent technology in an ERP system and to enhance the quality of operations through an I-ERP system. The study consists of two steps. In the first step, the algorithm uses the decision tree algorithm to demonstrate the application of intelligent technology in an ERP system. In the second step, the proposed model analyzes four quality criteria related to company operations through I-ERP system in order to determine whether or not I-ERP has significant improvement on managers’ decisions. As a result, the use of I-EPR may improve the quality of operations, agile respond to market demand, increase the efficiency and the competitiveness in organizations. An illustration example is provided to demonstrate the application of I-ERP.
Analysis, Business mathematics. Commercial arithmetic. Including tables, etc.
Neha Soni, Enakshi Khular Sharma, Narotam Singh
et al.
The fast pace of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation is propelling strategists to reshape their business models. This is fostering the integration of AI in the business processes but the consequences of this adoption are underexplored and need attention. This paper focuses on the overall impact of AI on businesses - from research, innovation, market deployment to future shifts in business models. To access this overall impact, we design a three-dimensional research model, based upon the Neo-Schumpeterian economics and its three forces viz. innovation, knowledge, and entrepreneurship. The first dimension deals with research and innovation in AI. In the second dimension, we explore the influence of AI on the global market and the strategic objectives of the businesses and finally, the third dimension examines how AI is shaping business contexts. Additionally, the paper explores AI implications on actors and its dark sides.
In this paper, we investigate the credit risk in the loan portfolio of banks following different business models. We develop a data-driven methodology for identifying the business models of the 365 largest European banks that is suitable for very granular harmonised supervisory data. Our dataset allows us to take into account the full range of the activities in which banks are involved. The proposed method combines in an optimal way data clustering, dimensionality reduction and outlier detection. We identify four business models and exclude as 'outliers' banks that follow idiosyncratic business models. Furthermore, empirical evidence is provided that banks following different business models differ significantly with respect to the credit risk they undertake in their loan portfolios. Traditional commercial banks are characterized by the lowest levels of credit risk while the loan portfolios of securities holding banks are riskier compared to the other banks.
Pre-defined security metrics suffer from the problem of contextualisation, i.e. a lack of adaptability to particular organisational contexts - domain, technical infrastructure, stakeholders, business process, etc. Adapting metrics to an organisational context is essential (1) for the metrics to align with business requirements (2) for decision makers to maintain relevant security goals based on measurements from the field. In this paper we propose SYMBIOSIS, a methodology that defines a goal elicitation and refinement process mapping business objectives to security measurement goals via the use of systematic templates that capture relevant context elements (business goals, purpose, stakeholders, system scope). The novel contribution of SYMBIOSIS is the well-defined process, which enforces that (1) metrics align with business objectives via a top-down derivation that refines top-level business objectives to a manageable granularity (2) the impact of metrics on business objectives is explicitly traced via a bottom-up feedback mechanism, allowing an incremental approach where feedback from metrics influences business goals, and vice-versa. In this paper, we discuss the findings from applying SYMBIOSIS to three case studies of known security incidents. Our analysis shows how the aforementioned pitfalls of security metrics development processes affected the outcome of these high-profile security incidents and how SYMBIOSIS addresses such issues.
This thesis is intended to provide an account of the theory and applications of Operational Methods that allow the "translation" of the theory of special functions and polynomials into a "different" mathematical language. The language we are referring to is that of symbolic methods, largely based on a formalism of umbral type which provides a tremendous simplification of the derivation of the associated properties. The strategy we will follow is that of establishing the rules to replace higher trascendental functions in terms of elementary functions and to take advantage from such a recasting.
Flavio Corradini, Alberto Polzonetti, Oliviero Riganelli
The introduction of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into public administrations has been radically changing the way organizations cooperate and, more generally, the way to think about business processes over organizational boundaries. In this paper we describe our approach to combining business processes with business rules in order to integrate effectively single units in an inter- or intra-organizational cooperation. Business rules represent the knowledge that an administration has about its business; with regard to this, they can express strategies, contracts and can influence not only staff relations, but, finally, citizen relations, as well. In other words, business rules are the core of an administration and affect either the business processes or the behaviours of the system participants. They are typically expressed implicitly in business contracts and they are embedded within the source code of many application modules. So a concise and declarative statement of business behaviour is converted into a set of programming instructions, which are spread widely throughout the whole information system. In this way, business rules are difficult to change and keep consistent over the time. For this reason, it is necessary to reengineer the system in order to logically and perhaps physically externalize rules from the application code. In our proposed approach, we describe a cooperation as a collection of tasks combined in certain ways according to the organization logic specified by business rules. Our rule-driven methodology has the goal to make the business process design more adaptable to the changes of internal or external environment.
Qian Yu, Christian Szegedy, Martin C. Stumpe
et al.
Search with local intent is becoming increasingly useful due to the popularity of the mobile device. The creation and maintenance of accurate listings of local businesses worldwide is time consuming and expensive. In this paper, we propose an approach to automatically discover businesses that are visible on street level imagery. Precise business store front detection enables accurate geo-location of businesses, and further provides input for business categorization, listing generation, etc. The large variety of business categories in different countries makes this a very challenging problem. Moreover, manual annotation is prohibitive due to the scale of this problem. We propose the use of a MultiBox based approach that takes input image pixels and directly outputs store front bounding boxes. This end-to-end learning approach instead preempts the need for hand modeling either the proposal generation phase or the post-processing phase, leveraging large labelled training datasets. We demonstrate our approach outperforms the state of the art detection techniques with a large margin in terms of performance and run-time efficiency. In the evaluation, we show this approach achieves human accuracy in the low-recall settings. We also provide an end-to-end evaluation of business discovery in the real world.
This work presents formulas for the Kauffman bracket and Jones polynomials of 3-bridge knots using the structure of Chebyshev knots and their billiard table diagrams. In particular, these give far fewer terms than in the Skein relation expansion. The subject is introduced by considering the easier case of 2-bridge knots, where some geometric interpretation is provided, as well, via combinatorial tiling problems.