Hasil untuk "Sports"

T. Soligard, M. Schwellnus, J. Alonso et al.

Damian R. Griffin, Damian R. Griffin, Edward J. Dickenson et al.

C. Ardern, K. Webster, N. Taylor et al.

J. Jacobs, Stephanie T. Lanza, D. Osgood et al.

This study extended previous research on changes in children's self-beliefs by documenting domain-specific growth trajectories for 761 children across grades 1 through 12 in a longitudinal study of perceptions of self-competence and task values. Hierarchical Linear Modeling was used to (1) describe changes in beliefs across childhood and adolescence within the domains of mathematics, language arts, and sports; (2) examine the impact of changes in competence beliefs on changes in values over time in the same domains; and (3) describe gender differences in mean levels and trajectories of change in competence beliefs and values. The most striking finding across all domains was that self-perceptions of competence and subjective task values declined as children got older, although the extent and rate of decline varied across domains. For example, in language arts, competence beliefs declined rapidly during the elementary school years, but then leveled off or increased to some extent; whereas the decline in self-competence beliefs in sports accelerated during the high school years. Significant gender differences in beliefs were found in most domains; however, the gender differences in developmental trajectories appeared to be domain specific rather than global. Importantly, the gender differences between boys and girls did not systematically increase with age, as predicted by some socialization perspectives. Adding competence beliefs as an explanatory variable to the model for task values revealed that changes in competence beliefs accounted for much of the age-related decline in task values. In addition, competence beliefs accounted for most of the gender differences in task values for language arts and sports.

J. Taunton, M. Ryan, D. Clement et al.

Laiana Dall’Oglio Schlindwein, Arestides Pereira da Silva Junior, Adelar Aparecido Sampaio

INTRODUÇÃO: Diferentes elementos contextuais, pessoais e profissionais influenciam na motivação docente no decorrer dos ciclos de desenvolvimento profissional. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi de levantar e analisar dados e aspectos que influenciam na motivação na carreira docente considerando seus ciclos de desenvolvimento profissional. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de caráter exploratório, com uma amostra de 19 professores de Educação Física vinculados às Secretarias Estadual e Municipal de Educação de municípios da região Oeste do Paraná. Foi utilizado questionário sociodemográfico para caracterização pessoal e profissional e a escala de motivação docente, baseados nas características da carreira docente dos professores de Educação Física: entrada na carreira, consolidação das competências profissionais na carreira, afirmação e diversificação na carreira, renovação na carreira e maturidade na carreira. Como plano de análise, foi utilizado a proposta de análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS: O crescimento de competências interpessoais, o trabalho cooperativo na busca de estabelecer nexos entre estruturas de representação motivacional e maior segurança na função docente demonstrou ser mais evidente nos dois primeiros ciclos. Essas evidências, geram implicações para a aprovação e reconhecimento no terceiro ciclo, enquanto no quarto ciclo, os professores demonstram enfraquecimento no rendimento devido as frustrações apresentadas perante as condições de trabalho na carreira profissional, enquanto que no último ciclo da carreira, é mais evidente a contemplação pela sua trajetória e desenvolvimento profissional. CONCLUSÃO: A motivação dos professores ficou evidente nos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento profissional, nos primeiros ciclos pela dedicação na profissão e nos últimos, transformando-se em contemplação das experiências vividas nos anos de carreira.

Leonardo Varasano

Beginning in the 1980s, the mediatization of soccer also manifested itself through the phenomenon of fanzines, instruments of information, but even more so of counter-information, dissonant and free voices. In this panorama, an original case study is that of the fanzine “Brigata Ultrà,” a folio of the eponymous group of supporters from Perugia’s north curve between 1994 and 2008. The “Brigata” has a strong territorial identity tied to a specific area of the city and with a political orientation dissonant with that of the Perugia curve: it is a “black” (i. e. right wing) group in a “red” curve (i. e. left wing). This composite identity takes on visible forms and manners that attract national attention. The group travels for years on away trips with a black bus recognizable by an eagle, a tricolor and a Grifo (the symbol of the city). Added to this is the frequent practice of physically following the Italian national team’s matches as well. The fanzine becomes the “voice” of the “Brigata” by proposing and nurturing, around soccer, multiple identities: that of the home neighborhoods, the one of the city, the one of the national, and the one of the politically right-wing oriented.

Leandro Sant’Ana, Lucas Muniz Carnevalli, Sérgio Machado et al.

ABSTRACT Objective: Verify the influence of different break times between sprints on the performance of amateur futsal athletes. Methods: 10 individuals, men, amateur futsal athletes (Age: 21.5 ± 1.6; Weight: 72.4 ± 6.88; Height: 1.72 ± 0.05; BMI: 24.3 ± 1.2; Fat%: 13.7 ± 3.3, VO2peak: 49.1 ± 10.5) participated in the study. Individuals were randomly selected to perform sessions with sprints (10 sets 20 m) with different pause times of 15 (S15), 30 (S30) and 60 (S60) seconds. For performance analysis, the speed (km / h) applied to each sprint was used and monitored by a device with a photocell (CEFISE Biotecnologia Esportiva®). Results: There was an interaction between speed and interval time (p = 0.000). For condition S15, a greater reduction in performance was observed (p ≤ 0.05), while for S30 and S60, no significant reduction in performance was observed (p > 0.05). The data for the area under the curve showed a significant difference (p = 0.000), where the interval of 60 s (S60) was longer compared to the values of 30 (S30) (p = 0.000) and 15 s (S15) (p = 0.000). However, there were no significant differences between the 30 and 15 s data (p = 0.248). Conclusion: A shorter time (15 s) interval between repeated sprints can significantly affect performance compared to longer breaks (30 and 60 s), but all the conditions tested here can be positive for the improvement of performance, mainly in sports that demand fast and efficient motor actions such as futsal.

Oleg Shevchenko, Marina Jagiello

Background and Study Aim. Physical fitness is crucial for the health and performance of young tennis players. Controlling physical fitness in 7-8 year old tennis players is particularly important as this is a critical period for physical development, and habits formed during this age can have long-lasting effects on health outcomes. The purpose of this article is to provide effective strategies for controlling physical fitness in 7-8 year old tennis players to promote optimal health and performance. Materials and Methods. This study involved 12 young tennis players aged 7-8 years with 1-2 years of sports experience who participated at a tennis court "Park" in Kharkiv, Ukraine. The sports school program was used to train the young tennis players, and control of the level of physical fitness was determined using tests. Relevant literature was reviewed to identify effective strategies for controlling physical fitness in young tennis players, which were then organized and presented in a concise and practical manner. Results. The article presents a set of effective strategies for controlling physical fitness in 7-8 year old tennis players. The strategies include the incorporation of various physical activities, such as agility drills, strength training, and cardiovascular exercises, along with healthy dietary habits, adequate rest, and hydration. Conclusions. Implementing effective strategies for controlling physical fitness in 7-8 year old tennis players can help promote optimal health and performance. The strategies presented in this article can serve as a useful guide for coaches, parents, and young tennis players looking to improve their physical fitness and overall health.

Ulas Can Yıldırım, Oktay Banlı, Mehmet Gülü et al.

Obesity is a global health problem that is increasing in prevalence and poses significant risks to the health of individuals. In recent years, bariatric surgery, especially sleeve gastrectomy, has become a widely adopted approach in the treatment of obesity. However, the role of post-operative physical activity, especially in women, has not been adequately studied. The aim of this study is to compare the body composition and blood lipid levels of adult obese women who do physical activity and those who do not for a year after bariatric surgery. Twenty-one women (PA group / non-PA group) participants with a sedentary lifestyle and a body mass index above 35 were included in the study. The PA group performed regular aerobic exercises, while the non-PA group maintained a sedentary lifestyle. Measurements were made in both groups preoperatively, at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. The results showed that physical activity has a significant effect on body composition. Regarding blood lipid levels, physical activity contributed to significantly improvements in cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels over the 12-month period. However, no significant relationship was found between physical activity and high-density lipoprotein levels. In summary, this study highlights the beneficial effects of physical activity on body composition and some blood lipid parameters in women after sleeve gastrectomy.

N. Branscombe, D. Wann

W. van Mechelen, H. Hlobil, H. Kemper

Mattia Bianchi, Liam Anderson, Thomas Brownlee et al.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a combined jump and sprint training program, two sessions a week for 6 weeks, on sprinting, change of directions (COD) and jumping performance in semiprofessional soccer players. Twenty soccer players were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial (age 20±2 years, body mass 74.3±5.9 kg). Players were randomized into two groups such as training group (TG, n = 10 players) or control group (CG, n = 10 players). Physical tests were performed before and after 6 weeks of training such as sprint 10 m, sprint 30 m, 505-COD test and standing long jump (LJ). The two groups performed the same training except for the combined jump and sprint training performed twice a week by TG. After 6 weeks of training, between-group analysis reported statistical difference in favor of the TG in sprint 10 m (p = 0.015, η 2 = 0.295, large), sprint 30 m (p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.599, large), in 505-COD (p = 0.026, η 2 = 0.154, large), and LJ (p = 0.025, η 2 = 0.027, small). These data indicate that combined sprint and jump training, when performed twice a week, for the duration of 6 weeks, in addition to the regular team training, can improve specific physical performance in male soccer players. This study has shown that a volume increment of 10% after 3 weeks of training can be a suitable training dose progression and that a combination of 64–70 jumps and 675–738 m of sprinting training per session can yield benefits in sprint, COD and jump performance.

Tamás Nagy, Dávid Paár, Tamás Laczkó

Ha létezne az ’önkéntesek országa’ a világ egyik legnépesebb országa lenne a világon, hiszen közel 1 milliárd ember vesz részt valamilyen önkéntes munkában világszerte. A sportegyesületek zavartalan irányításában, működésében és a rájuk háruló feladatok végrehajtásában nélkülözhetetlen szerepet vállalnak az önkéntesek. Kutatásunk célja különböző szocio-demográfiai változók mentén megvizsgálni, hogy azok milyen mértékben járulnak hozzá az önkénteskedéshez. Elemzésünkhöz az Európai Bizottság által 2017 decemberében Európa 28 tagállamában gyűjtött adatokat használtuk (28 031 fő). 10 olyan független tényezőt vettünk alapul, amely befolyásolhatja az önkénteskedésben való részvételt. Khi-négyzet próbával megvizsgáltuk, hogy a kiválasztott változók esetében található-e kapcsolat az sportönkéntesség végzésével. Ezt követően logisztikus regressziós modellbe is beépítve mindezen változókat, megbecsültük, hogy melyik milyen mértékben járul hozzá az önkéntes tevékenységek vállalásához. A szignifikancia szint p <0,05 volt. A kétváltozós összefüggésvizsgálat eredményei alapján a nem, életkor, élettel való megelégedettség, sportolás gyakorisága, iskolai végzettség, lakóhely típusa, szociális helyzet, szociális státusz szignifikánsan befolyásolja a sportönkéntességben való részvételt (p<0,001). A többváltozós összefüggésvizsgálat alapján a demográfiai, életminőségi, sportolási, szociokulturális és szocioökonümiai változók szignifikánsan befolyásolják az önkéntességet (p<0,001). Kutatásunk igazolta, hogy a sportönkéntességben való részvételt számos tényező befolyásolja. Kutatásunk nem terjedt ki a sportönkéntesek motivációs tényezőinek vizsgálataira.  

Ouyang Yiyi, Peng Jie, Luo Jiong et al.

PurposesThis paper aims to discuss the relationship between college students’ sports participation, school bullying, emotional intelligence and self-esteem. At the same time, it explores the intrinsic mechanisms of school bullying, in order to provide a reference for reducing bullying phenomenon among college students, and pave the way for college students to lead happy, healthy and confident lives.MethodsA total of 1,317 students (725 male students, 592 female students, 21.31 ± 3.28 years old) from four universities in Southwest China were selected as subjects for this survey. They were selected by stratified random sampling, and the data needed was obtained using a structured questionnaire. The data was subsequently processed with statistical software SPSS19.0 and AMOS21.0.Results(1) Sports participation has a significant and positive correlation with emotional intelligence and self-esteem, likewise, it has a significant negative correlation with school bullying. Emotional intelligence has a marked positive correlation with self-esteem, at the same time it has a significant negative correlation with school bullying. In addition, self-esteem is strongly negative correlated with school bullying. (2) Sports participation has a direct effect on school bullying (ES = −0.271). Emotional intelligence (ES = −0.144) and self-esteem (ES = −0.065) also play a significant mediating role between sports participation and school bullying, and the chain mediating force of emotional intelligence—self-esteem also reaches a significant level (ES = −0.016).ConclusionSports participation affects school bullying among college students not only directly but also indirectly, such as through emotional intelligence, the mediating role of self-esteem, and the chain mediating role of emotional intelligence to self-esteem. Apart from sports participation, emotional intelligence is another key factor that affects college students’ school bullying. Therefore, while attaching great importance to college students’ sport participation, schools should also provide courses aimed at developing students’ emotional intelligence.

Kelley Holladay, David Lardier, Fabiano T. Amorim et al.

BackgroundCOVID-19 has affected mental health globally, increasing depression and anxiety. This study examined relationships between practicing COVID-19-related public health measures and depression and anxiety in young adult students.MethodsA sample of 755 undergraduate students 18–25 years of age at a large public university completed a cross-sectional survey in fall 2020 during the pandemic (response rate = 18.9%). The survey included demographic questions, anxiety and depression screeners (GAD-7 and PHQ-9), and questions on practicing public health measures (stay-at-home orders, quarantining, social distancing, etc.) since March 2020. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to calculated adjusted odds between practicing public health measures and anxiety and depression.ResultsThe majority of respondents reported practicing public health measures; however, 53% experienced anxiety (GAD-7 score &gt;10) and 57% experienced depression (PHQ-9 score &gt;10) in the 2 weeks prior to completing the survey. Participants who quarantined had significantly higher odds of anxiety (AOR = 1.44; 95% CL 1.07, 1.96) and depression (AOR = 1.77; 95% CL 1.30, 2.41) than those who did not. Participants who self-isolated also had significantly higher odds of anxiety (AOR = 1.53; 95% CL 1.13, 2.08) and depression (AOR = 1.87; 95% CL 1.37, 2.56) compared to those who did not. Moving/changing living situations in response to the pandemic also increased odds of depression (AOR = 1.86; 95% CL 1.33, 2.60).ConclusionYoung adult undergraduate students experienced a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. Quarantining, self-isolating, and moving/changing living situations increased odds of anxiety and/or depression. The public health measures necessary for COVID-19 control and prevention may adversely affect mental health.

Bekir Mendeş, Mehmet Cevher İşeri

Bu çalışmada, 8 haftalık mini-trambolin egzersizinin 11-12 yaş grubundaki erkek çocukların fiziksel uygunluk bileşenlerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Çalışmaya 11-12 yaşlarında 45 erkek öğrenci gönüllü olarak katıldı. Bunlar Deney Grubu (DG, N=23) ve Kontrol Grubu (KG, N=22) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. DG’na 8 hafta boyunca haftada 2 gün 30 dakika mini-trambolin egzersizi uygulanırken, KG’na herhangi bir egzersiz uygulanmadı. Gruplara çalışma öncesi ve sonrası; denge, bacak kuvveti ve vücut yağ yüzdesi testleri uygulandı. Tespit edilen özellikler bakımından grupların ön ve son test ölçümlerinin karşılaştırılmasında Tekrarlanan Ölçümlü Varyans Analizi tekniği kullanıldı. Analiz sonucunda vücut yağ oranı (P=0,045) ve bacak kuvveti (P=0,000) Grup x Ön test-son test interaksiyon etkisi önemli bulundu. Dolayısıyla grupların bu özelliklere etkisi ön test ve son teste göre anlamlı farklılıklar gösterdi. Anterior/Posterior bakımından sadece grup ortalamaları arasındaki fark DG lehine anlamlı bulunmuşken (P=0,000), Medial Lateral İndeks bakımından sadece ön test-son test arasındaki fark anlamlı bulundu (P=0,004). Overall Stabilite İndeks bakımından ise ne interaksiyon etkisi (P=0,154), ne grup etkisi (P=0,078) ne de ön test-son test etkisi (P=0,234) anlamlı bulundu. Konuyla ilgili olarak farklı yaş ve denek gruplarında yapılacak daha geniş tabanlı çalışmaların yapılmasının uygun olacağı düşünülmektedir.

solmaz babaei, Bahram Jamali Qarakhanlou

Background and Objectives: One of the most important factors in mental health is cultivating happiness and reducing anxiety in students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise on anxiety and happiness of female high school students. Material and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental study and was performed as a pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female high school students in Urmia city of Iran, of whom 40 vulentiarly agreed to participate in the study and were randomly divided into two groups of 20 experimental and control. For the experimental group, aerobic exercises were performed for 12 weeks, three sessions per week and and each session takes 45 to 60 minutes. The Oxford Happiness and Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire were used in this study. Data analysis was performed by analysis of covariance using spss22 software. Results: The results showed a significant effect of aerobic exercise on promoting happiness variables and reducing anxiety in students (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise improves students' cognitive functions, so using this approach has been recommended in order to promote students' mental health.

K. Norton, T. Olds

أحمد فتحي, عبد الرحمن رجب