El presente estudio monográfico (que se divide en dos artículos que serán publicados consecutivamente en esta revista) está dedicado a estudiar la manera en que Gilles Deleuze abordó el problema psico-político de la dominación y de la violencia psico-sexo-política masculina. Para ello, será necesario partir de la pregunta que interroga acerca de la relación genética que el Patriarcado (en tanto que mega-red de relaciones de alianzas masculinas de sexo-poder) guarda con el Estado (en tanto que forma de organizar la sociabilidad humana) y con el Capitalismo (en tanto que modo de organizar la productividad humana). Con respecto a dicha relación genética, Deleuze postulará, siguiendo al sinólogo marxista Ferenc Tökei, que ‘esclavo liberto’ (antepasado del proletario moderno) fue la personificación social masculina clave en la génesis patriarcal del Capitalismo por el Estado, siendo la explotación psico-sexual de las mujeres (prostitución) una empresa de primer orden para la comprensión de dicha génesis. Según el Esquizoanálisis, la explotación psico-sexual y libidinal es la ratio de la explotación económica y de la dominación de clase. Por eso, no podremos abordar dicha relación genética entre Patriarcado, Estado y Capital (tocante a las violencias masculinas) sin abordar, en esta «Parte I», las críticas de Deleuze/Guattari hacia Marx/Engels: esquizo-análisis ácrata (en tanto que análisis de procesos maquínicos) versus materialismo dialéctico (en tanto que análisis de procesos dialécticos). Ahora bien, ¿acaso el materialismo dialéctico resulta operativo (en la crítica y en la clínica) a la hora de comprender y de caracterizar (y de luchar contra) las violencias psico-sexuales patriarcales masculinas, como por ejemplo, la prostitución? ¿Cómo Marx, Engels, Bebel y Riazánov caracterizaron (desde el materialismo dialéctico) tanto a la prostitución, como a la prostituta, y al prostituyente? ¿No acaban incurriendo en un reduccionismo economicista y cambista (en materia sexual) que torna invisibles las causas patriarcales de la dominación y las violencias masculinas, tornándose incluso su garante insospechado “por izquierda”? Este será el problema central de la «Parte II». Nuestro concepto social de ‘Salud Mental’ depende directamente del modo de caracterizar dichos problemas psico-sexo políticos.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Philosophy (General)
The article "Transformation Early Childhood Education in Iraq: Challenges, Innovations, and Future Prospects" provides a comprehensive analysis of the current landscape of early childhood education (ECE) in Iraq. Through a systematic literature review methodology, the study identifies and examines the major challenges facing ECE in Iraq, including inadequate funding, shortage of qualified educators, and cultural barriers. Moreover, the research explores innovative approaches and promising initiatives aimed at revitalizing ECE in Iraq, such as community-driven projects, technology-enabled solutions, and government-led reforms. By synthesizing empirical evidence with theoretical frameworks and situating the research within the socio-political context of Iraq, the analysis offers valuable insights for informing evidence-based decision-making and practice in the field of early childhood education. The study concludes with recommendations for future research, emphasizing the need for longitudinal studies, intersectional analyses, and rigorous evaluations to drive meaningful change and foster equitable access to quality ECE for all children in Iraq.
Introduction: Children with special needs are often considered to be cursed. They are frequently ostracized from society thus making them feel lonely. This paper aims to help patients, especially children with special needs, find good friends through the review of current studies. Methods: This study used a descriptive quantitative method and data that was retrieved from Child and Adolescence Psychiatric Outpatients Daycare, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya with 80 children with ADHD and 160 children with ASD. Results: A common intervention used in Indonesia is applied behavior analysis (ABA), a method that trains children to have social skills such as how to communicate, interact, and express themselves in social settings. Besides personal intervention, the need for integrated care for children with special needs such as pharmacological therapy, speech and behavioral therapy, occupational therapy, and special education, is needed to support them in helping them make friends. Conclusion: To help children with special needs make friends, we can give support, appreciation, and motivation. However, children with special needs need different treatment from their peers, so special attention and understanding are needed so that children with special needs can socialize and make friends well.
Keywords: Children, Special Needs, Friends, Mental Health, Loneliness
ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors for developmental quotients (DQs) of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to better understand the effects of screen time on neurodevelopment in children with ASD.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of 382 children with ASD, including demographic profiles; socioeconomic status; score on the Chinese parent–child interaction scale (CPCIS); screen time questionnaire; ASD symptom rating scales, including the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Second Edition (ADOS-2); and DQs using Griffiths Development Scales–Chinese Edition. Univariate analysis was carried out to analyze the factors related to the DQs of children with ASD, and then the linear regression model was used to identify the independent influencing factors of the DQs of children with ASD.ResultsVitamin D (β = 0.180, p = 0.002), age (β = −0.283, p = 0.000) and CARS score (β = −0.347, p = 0.000) are risk factors related to DQ of locomotor in children with ASD. Vitamin D (β = 0.108, p = 0.034), CARS score (β = −0.503, p = 0.000), ADOS-2 severity score (β = −0.109, p = 0.045) and CPCIS score (β = 0.198, p = 0.000) are risk factors related to DQ of personal social skill in children with ASD. Vitamin D (β = 0.130, p = 0.018), CARS score (β = −0.469, p = 0.000), and CPCIS score (β = 0.133, p = 0.022) are risk factors related to DQ of hearing-speech in children with ASD. Vitamin D (β = 0.163, p = 0.003) and CARS score (β = −0.471, p = 0.000) are risk factors related to DQ of eye-hand coordination in children with ASD. Age (β = −0.140, p = 0.020), CARS score (β = −0.342, p = 0.000), ADOS-2 severity score (β = −0.133, p = 0.034) and CPCIS score (β = 0.193, p = 0.002) are risk factors related to DQ of performance in children with ASD. Vitamin D (β = 0.801, p = 0.000) and CPCIS score (β = 0.394, p = 0.019) are risk factors related to DQ of practical reasoning in children with ASD.ConclusionVitamin D status, the severity of autistic symptoms and parent-child interaction are risk factors for developmental quotients in children with ASD. Screen exposure time is negatively associated with DQs in children with ASD but is not an independent risk factor for DQs.
To confront college students’ new reading patterns and the continuous decline in academic library borrowing rates, we conducted empirical research on promoting multisensory reading as a way to attract students’ attention, and to stimulate interest in, and promote the practice of, reading through a library program called “Reading Today Listening Everyday” (RTLE) on a library’s WeChat public account. The program involved 48 librarians and 105 students who were recruited into different groups to co-create, edit and release multisensory tweets every workday. Multisensory contents including text-based content, audio-based content and emotional resonance were presented to evoke readers’ visual, audio, and emotional senses to induce more reading practice. Using the Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) evaluation method, the multisensory presentation in RTLE program was proven to be effective in promoting library reading with a high number of tweeted page views and an increased borrowing rate for recommended books. In 2020, 269 issues accompanied by 269 audio frequencies garnered 80,268 page views, depending on the caliber of the reading promoter out of the 48 librarians and 52 student anchors behind it. The 484 RTLE-recommended books were borrowed 113 times in 2020, which was a rate 1.46 times higher than in 2019 (77 times). The analysis of the relationship between tweet views and borrowing rates for recommended books indicates that more page views indicate greater reader interest, leading to increased borrowing. From readers’ feedback and comments, the gain afforded by multisensory reading can improve higher-level reading trends such as the number of reading interests, enjoyment, engagement, etc.
In Chinese philosophy, modern processes of searching for the fundamental values of the renewed strategies of education are based upon traditional Confucian approaches as well as upon recent borrowings from Western philosophy. The concept of philosophical dialogue is one example of these borrowings, adopted and radically changed following traditional Chinese logic. Such transformation means adapting the theoretical model of Socrates’ dialogue into Confucian dialogue, the term coined by Chinese authors. This paper considers Chinese developments in the philosophy of culture and aims to specify the ways of such adaptation as applicable to the philosophy of education. The goals of the study are 1) to identify and describe relevant Chinese literature on the subject; 2) to compare its interpretations by Chinese and Russian philosophers; 3) to specify key differences in interpretations of dialogue as educational method. Investigating the issue through philosophical and cultural lens, incorporating the standpoint of modern comparative studies, as well as the critical analysis of the logic of those theories in their historical and cultural context by means of the hermeneutic approach makes it possible for Chinese authors to focus on the cultural peculiarities of the Chinese way of thinking and to identify the correlation between the Western concept way of thinking and the concept of Chinese logic. This study analyzes the works of modern Chinese philosophers specializing in the specific cultural character of China through the prism of the philosophy of education. The paper concludes that in Chinese logic technical (in the Western understanding regarded as cognitive and formal logical) methods are inferior to ethical and social value orientations. Another finding is that Chinese authors tend to consider Confucian logic as part of dialogue, and dialogue is viewed as a means of moral education. Methodologically this finding leads the author to suggest that the Chinese-specific way of thinking, its philosophical culture, cannot be fully perceived by utilizing comparison with analogous concepts of Western philosophical thought. It would be equally beneficial to compare the conceptual framework of the Chinese philosophy of education with the concepts borrowed from Western philosophy.
This study aims to explore the relationship between work-family conflict and its consequences on job, family, and marital satisfaction among stay-at-home wives of commuter couples by testing the moderating effect of commuters’ family (parental, marital, and household) commitment. The phenomenon of commuter marriages is detectable among well-educated and employed couples in modern society. The study collected dyadic data from 120 dual-earner and noncohabitating couples by using convenience sampling. The analytical approach of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was adopted. The results revealed that stay-at-home wives perceived more job dissatisfaction due to work-to-family conflicts and perceived more job, family, and marital dissatisfaction caused by family-to-work conflicts. Moreover, the partner moderating effect of the commuters’ family commitment as spouse support reversed the negative relationship between stay-at-home wives’ family-to-work conflicts and family satisfaction.
This article emphasizes the particular contours that define the Franciscan theological paradigm as a distinct contribution to the discipline of Roman Catholic theology. Grounded in the lives of Francis and Clare of Assisi, the tradition unfolds as a Wisdom tradition, both christocentric and praxis-driven. A highly pastoral vision, Franciscan theology emphasizes the contingent particular (person and experience) and focuses on the dynamic of ongoing conversion in the life of the individual believer within the faith community. This article integrates major figures of the tradition within a thematic unfolding that frames the singularity of the Franciscan theological and pastoral paradigm, according to its trinitarian, christological, soteriological, ecclesiological, and sacramental aspects.
Informed by wisdom texts, Franciscan theologians link salvation history to concrete human experience (praxis). Key crises surrounding Franciscan identity deepen the tradition, particularly the debates over poverty, divine foreknowledge, and human freedom. Apocalyptic visions of the fullest realization of the reign of God inform the deepening historical consciousness and ecclesiology of scholars throughout the tradition. Finally, the commitment to theology as a science of praxis (rather than theory) distinguishes this tradition from other major approaches (e.g. Thomistic) and finds significant echoes in contemporary theological reflection on creation, the incarnation, ecclesiology, and human fulfillment.
ABSTRACT The assertions outlined throughout this article are intrinsic to the “search for meaning” as centrality of human nature. The approach consists of a systematic study from the theoretical link Religion-Philosophy-Psychology underlying the spirituality and religiosity of the counselees in their way they manifest themselves in the sense of existing in relation with reality. It consists of a psycho-religious counseling, which can be useful to be applied to any religion, based on the phenomenological method and existential analysis, taking into account the ontological specificities of the counselees, so that they can actively reach a “meaning of being.” A didactic example of case study is presented to illustrate its usefulness for the Christian religion context.
Atheistic natural scientists propagate a normative materialistic view of the universe, where God as creator is superfluous. Much effort is being expended to bring into disrepute any notion of extraneous control over the laws of nature. The idea of the universe and everything in it as an ongoing ‘cosmic accident’ is presented as the only truth. This is in stark contrast to recent scientific discoveries in disciplines such as biochemistry and palaeontology. In this article, the most recent developments in the fields of intelligent design and the anthropic principle will be interrogated to demonstrate that the reformed faith in God as Creator is credible and that the notion of creation as God’s general revelation to humankind is increasingly being accepted by the natural scientific community.
Practical Theology, Practical religion. The Christian life
Ahmad Banyasady, meysam sefidkhos, khosrow bagheri
et al.
After highlighting the importance of social mission in Humboldtian university idea, this article will inquire about the relation between this mission and human agency. To do this we employ a more deduction philosophical analysis method. Clarifying the meaning of the social mission of the university, which we use here, will be the first step. According to this criterion, in the second step, we will read out the social mission of this idea. The base for this part is more the Fichte and Humboldt's texts. Finding the main elements of human agency and its relation to this idea of the university will be the main step. In this case, results show, without considering the human agency, the expansion of cultivating in society and promoting the ethical culture of a nation, will be not possible. Furthermore, it seems the main phenomenon of the human agency should be considered in the social mission of this idea, as far as we could say they are too interdependent and linked to each other. Refer to some reasons why this idea is still alive and introduce some dimensions of our society, will be present in the last section.
Humanism has long celebrated the human, including those qualities that make us uniquely human, as well as the vastness of human potential. Humanistic psychology has further sought to understand what it means to be human and what conditions facilitate human flourishing and the unfolding of potential. Transhumanism, a movement advocating technologically aided human enhancements, represents a new and rapidly growing manifestation of humanistic ideals. Transhumanism identifies physical human limitations as limitations on potential and seeks to remove all such limits, understanding and often celebrating the fact that such changes could make us no longer recognizably human. Transhuman aims include technologically aided radical human enhancements in longevity, health, intelligence, emotion, morality, and more. While the implications of transhumanism are being widely debated within fields such as philosophy and religion, contributions from psychology are scarce. With its wealth of wisdom into the heart of issues around what it means to be human, humanistic psychology is particularly well-suited to exploring transhuman issues. In addition to making a case for the involvement of humanistic psychology in transhumanism, the current work explores several specific areas in which humanistic psychology may be fruitfully applied, such as issues of potential and agency.
The Concept and definition of the privacy has been changed during the time affecting by different factors. At the same time, the boundaries of privacy may differ from one place to another affecting by the culture, religion, etc. Nonetheless, there is not a unique general accepted definition for the privacy. Privacy has been considered from different disciplines like sociology, psychology, law and philosophy. It is a multidisciplinary domain, having an easy concept but difficult to define. However, by reviewing all different viewpoints, it can be concluded that privacy is an individual tendency, wish and natural need to be away from others’ control and surveillance. Moreover, it is the physical as well as impalpable limits of an individual who likes to be free from others intrusion. The present review, is a doctrinal legal study on background, concept, limits and legal development of privacy through comparative and descriptive approach in order to offer a general and understandable idea of the right to privacy.
S. Messner, Robert D. Crutchfield, G. Bohner
et al.
Steven F. Messner, Department of Sociology, University at Albany, State University of New York Robert D. Crutchfield, Department of Sociology, University of Washington Gerd Bohner, Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University Leena Malkki, Centre for European Studies, University of Helsinki Sarah Marsden, Department of Politics, Philosophy and Religion, Lancaster University Andreas Zick, Institute for Interdisciplinary Conflict and Violence Research, Bielefeld University
Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt is known as the “father of experimental psychology” and the founder of the first psychology laboratory. From there, Wundt exerted enormous influence on the development of psychology as a discipline, especially in the United States. His writings, totalling an estimated 53,000 pages, include articles on animal and human physiology, poisons, vision, spiritualism, hypnotism, history, and politics; textand handbooks of “medical physics” and human physiology; encyclopaedic tomes on linguistics, logic, ethics, religion, a “system of philosophy;” not to mention his magna opera, the Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie and the Völkerpsychologie (in ten volumes). Although his work spans several disciplines physiology, psychology and philosophy Wundt would not have considered himself an “interdisciplinary” or “pluralistic” thinker: he was to the core a foundationalist whose great ambition was to establish a philosophico-scientific system of knowledge, practice, and politics. Despite his intentions, however, the sheer length of his career (some 65 years) and the volume of his output make it hard to speak of a coherent Wundtian doctrine. His corpus is riven by tensions and ambiguities, and though his work has undergone periodic scholarly reconsiderations, Wundt’s lasting importance for the field of psychology remains the topic of lively debate among psychologists. Not only was he a powerful influence (albeit mostly by repulsion) upon the founders of Pragmatism, Phenomenology, and neo-Kantianism, it was also Wundt and his pioneering students who developed the empirical methodologies that first granted psychology a disciplinary identity distinct from philosophy.