Hasil untuk "Management information systems"

V. Grover, M. Cheon, J. Teng

P. Kotler

Marie-Claude Boudreau, David Gefen, D. Straub

Youngjin Yoo, O. Henfridsson, K. Lyytinen

Lynn Johnson

A GIS can be used in land management to document existing conditions, plan future operations, and archive completed work. Farming applications include soil productivity for different crops, crop yield prediction, and determining fertilizer and pesticide application rates. Forestry applications include estimating forest stand acreage, determining forest stand characteristics, and determining where to harvest. This 4-page fact sheet was written by John Lagrosa, Chris Demers, and Michael Andreu, and published by the UF Department of School of Forest Resources and Conservation, March 2012.

Betelhem Zemenu, Ephrem Getahun, Sisay Alemayehu et al.

Rapid urban expansion in developing countries has intensified land use and land cover (LULC) changes, resulting in significant environmental impacts that challenge sustainable urban development. Although Arba Minch City is one of the fastest-growing urban centers in southern Ethiopia, comprehensive studies integrating advanced geospatial techniques and quantitative models to assess urban expansion patterns and their environmental implications remain limited. This study analyzed urban expansion in Arba Minch, southern Ethiopia, between 2013 and 2023 using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, and the Shannon entropy model. The supervised classification, utilizing the maximum likelihood algorithm on Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS imagery, achieved high overall accuracies of 93% in 2013 and 94% in 2023. Additionally, Kappa coefficients of 0.91 for both years indicate a strong level of classification reliability. LULC change analysis revealed a notable increase in built-up areas by 1262.34 hectares, primarily at the expense of vegetation (-929.34 ha) and bare land (-359.19 ha). During 2013–2023, vegetation indices (NDVI) declined from an average of 0.31 to 0.2, while built-up index (NDBI) values increased from a mean of -0.17 to -0.09. Land Surface Temperature (LST) rose from 18.7 °C - 35.6 °C in 2013 to 19.6 °C - 44.0 °C in 2023, reflecting intensification of the urban heat island effect. The Shannon entropy analysis indicates dispersed patterns of urban growth, particularly toward the northwest (NW) and northeast (NE) directions. Furthermore, the urban expansion intensity index (UEII) uncovered a high level of urban growth intensity (UEII=1.64). The findings indicate substantial spatio-temporal changes in LULC and urban growth during 2013–2023. The study concludes that rapid and dispersed urban growth in Arba Minch City has led to considerable environmental degradation. It recommends the implementation of sustainable urban planning strategies, protection of remaining vegetation, and integration of geospatial tools into urban management policies to balance future urban development with environmental conservation.

Noor AL Obeidi, Hala F. D. AL Mullah Tohi

This study aims to measure and analyse the impact of workplace spirituality represented by meaningful work, a sense of community, and alignment between individual and organisational values on job embeddedness, which includes fit, connections, and sacrifice. Additionally, the study examines the moderating role of psychological ownership, represented by self-efficacy, accountability, belonging, and self-identity, in this relationship. The descriptive analytical method was employed to explore the phenomenon under study, with the questionnaire as the primary data collection tool. The sample consisted of 297 individuals from Northern Technical University. Data analysis was conducted using several statistical techniques, including reliability analysis, internal consistency testing, and regression analysis, with the support of AMOS and SPSS software. The key findings revealed a significant direct impact of workplace spirituality on job embeddedness. Furthermore, the study highlighted the potential of psychological ownership to enhance the strength of this relationship at the university. Based on these conclusions, recommendations were proposed to improve the current state of these variables and the nature of their interaction within the university context.

A.M. Al-Khreisat, Q. Abdelal, M.R. Al-Kilani et al.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Open irrigation ponds are commonly used for agricultural water storage but lose significant water amounts to evaporation. The energy and environmental implications of these losses in water-scarce regions, where conservation is a priority, can reveal important insights. The study objectives were to examine water, energy, and environmental impacts of evaporation losses in the Jordanian Badia to identify insights for sustainable agricultural practices.METHODS: Field surveys were conducted at 20 farm sites in the northern Jordanian Badia to assess pond usage and water management practices. The study utilized novel methods including open-access meteorological data and sensor-based validation to record dynamic changes during the irrigation season. The study also explored the environmental implications by using the carbon equivalent factor with water and energy consumption information, which has not been addressed before in the region.FINDINGS: Drip irrigation was the most common choice in the study area due to water scarcity, followed by soilless systems and sprinkler irrigation. On-farm storage systems were widely used (70 percent) in the region due water supply issues, but only 20 percent of farmers used closed tank systems. Evaporation reached over 220 millimeters per month during the summer, with annual water losses exceeding 4500 cubic meters per pond. These losses required an estimated 1635 kilowatt hours of energy per 1000 cubic meters of water pumped. Annual energy consumption per pond reached approximately 2000 kilowatt hours, resulting in up to 1200 kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. This accounted for almost 1 million cubic meters in water losses, 100,000 dollars in costs, and over 200 tons of equivalent carbon emissions to replace evaporation losses every year.CONCLUSION: Evaporation losses from irrigation ponds significantly reduce water use efficiency and increase energy and environmental costs. This was despite the various water conservation techniques in the region. These losses can be slightly reduced through low-cost measures such as reducing pond water levels. They can also be significantly reduced by applying more robust methods like floating solar panels, but at a large investment. Implementing such practices supports sustainable agriculture and aligns with national water conservation priorities, but requires sound policy interventions.

Pham Quang Tin, Ta Nguyet Minh, Nguyen Ho Thanh Dat et al.

Amidst the 4.0 Revolution, the integration of innovative information technology solutions has become indispensable for firms seeking to enhance operational performance and gain competitive advantages. The restaurant industry is no exception, as Restaurant Management Systems (RMS) have increasingly attracted interest from both service providers and users. However, the underlying mechanisms driving the RMS adoption behavior (BH) of restaurant frontline personnel remain theoretically underexplored. This study addresses the identified gap by employing a unified theoretical framework that integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and the Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) to examine the influence of individual psychological and perceptual factors, along with innovation-specific characteristics, on the BH of RMS, with a particular focus on the restaurant industry in Vietnam. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling on a sample of 316 respondents, this study found the direct impact of Perceived Usefulness, along with perceptions of Compatibility, Observability, Risk on potential users Attitude (ATT) toward RMS, while Perceived ease of use and Trialability exerted no significant influence. The findings revealed that ATT, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control play crucial roles in shaping future adopters BI, which, in turn, could directly impact their BH. It was also confirmed that the relationship between BI and BH can be moderated significantly by gender and job position in the context of restaurants. These insights offer valuable implications for RMS providers to refine their promotion solutions, and for policymakers to design supportive measures that foster RMS adoption within the restaurant industry.

Hindaf Muhammad Tawfiq, Hilovan Husni Othman

Organizational symmetry is a critical factor in enhancing organizational pride, which positively impacts job performance and organizational loyalty. In the academic environment, faculty members' affiliations are fundamental to universities' success, making the study of the relationship between these two concepts highly significant. The problem lies in the lack of studies examining the impact of organizational symmetry on organizational pride in Iraqi universities, particularly at Zakho University. There is also a need to understand how faculty members perceive this symmetry and how it can be enhanced to increase their pride in belonging to the university. The study aimed to analyze the effect of organizational symmetry, with its dimensions (loyalty, similarity, belonging), on enhancing organizational pride, with its dimensions (emotional and attitudinal), among faculty members. Zakho University was chosen as the field of study, and a sample of faculty members was selected, totaling 243. The fieldwork primarily relied on a descriptive-analytical approach, and a questionnaire waxas distributed to collect data from the study sample. This was done to describe and determine the availability of the study variables at the researched university and to examine their relationships using specific statistical measures and indicators (mean, correlation coefficient, regression) in SPSS. Based on the study's testing and analysis, several results were reached: the most significant was the strong positive relationship between organizational similarity and organizational pride, and shared values between teachers and the university were the most influential factor in enhancing organizational pride.

Grigory Tsiperman

The traceability of requirements in the information system design process is considered an essential property of the project, one of its quality characteristics. The point here is that traceability provides the methods of validation and verification of software systems, and that the system model based on requirements traceability reduces the system's dependence on developers and, in general, makes it as straightforward as possible. One of the challenges of the traceability process, dubbed "The grand challenge of traceability" among traceability researchers, is its integration into the design process. In this paper, to achieve this goal, we propose the application of the Adaptive Clustering Method (ACM) of Information Systems developed by the author, which is based on the idea of a seamless system architecture that provides explicit interconnection of project artifacts of different levels of abstraction.

Tibebu Kassawmar, Tibebu Kassawmar, Ermias Teferi et al.

Analysis of grain production performance can provide reference information to explore multiple cropping options and further improve the resource use efficiency of farming methods. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of grain production performance and efficiency of major crop production systems (CPS) in the Ethiopia’s Blue Nile Basin. The results show that only 39% of the basin is currently cultivated, although a significant cropland expansion (10%) was recorded between 1985 and 2020. The study identified 11 major CPS, mostly practiced in the basin. Of these, single cropping based on the main rainy season (Meher-Only) covers the largest area (26%), followed by Meher-Residual-Intermittent (12%) and Meher-Belg-Dependable (11%). Extended-Meher, Meher-Residual-Dependable, Meher-Residual-Intermittent, and Meher-Belg-Dependable are the four more powerful CPS with higher efficiency. Comparatively, CPS practiced in Wet-Woyna-Dega and Wet-Dega have better overall performance. Findings confirm that agricultural space management (land) and green-water (rainfall) utilization are the most influential factors, followed by land use planning and land use systems (CPS) invention. As landscape suitability for grain production governs future performance, in the low elevation and flood plains parts of the basin, the possibility of creating additional space into the food system is very high. In mountainous and high-altitude regions, the efficiency of grain production will decrease because incorporating additional arable land into the food system is trivial. In the last three decades, in BNB, only 10% of arable land (equivalent to 30 million quintals of food) has been added to the good system, which can support approximately 6 million people. Compared to the population growth of the basin (12 million 1985–2020), its contribution to the food system was less than 50%. This confirms that multiple cropping systems, such as Residual moisture-based CPS, have played a significant role in boosting the food system in the basin. Therefore, improving grain production performance/efficiency requires targeted investments, including the invention of more adaptable crop varieties, efficient cropping practices, and the introduction of advanced agricultural space and water management technologies. The results of the study will help identify important policy gaps and suggest possible options to enhance residual farming and other multiple cropping systems.

Jean Nepomuscene Twahirwa, Celestin Ntivuguruzwa

This study investigates the effects of smart classrooms, comprehensive assessment management information systems, and remediation teaching techniques on teachers ‘and student’s conceptual understanding of physics. The participants included 67 students from Senior One, Senior Two, and Senior Three, purposively sampled from G.S Mushongi in Kirehe district, along with 40 physics teachers selected purposively from the same district. Data was collected using two instruments: the Physics Achievement Test and the Teacher Mixed Multiple-Choice Questionnaire. Both students and teachers underwent remediation and training, respectively. The study focuses on taught specific physics units for each grade level: Current Electricity and Qualitative Analysis of Linear Motion for Senior One; Magnetism and Demagnetization and Reflection of Light in Curved Mirrors for Senior Two; and Heat Transfer and Quantity of Heat, Renewable Energy and Non-Renewable Energy, and Introduction to Electromagnetic Induction for Senior Three. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed to analyze the data, and the results were presented using tables and figures created using Microsoft Excel and Origin version 2019b software. For Senior-One, Senior-Three students, the post-test scores demonstrated a highly statistically significant improvement (p < .001), suggesting that the remediation positively influenced their performance. However, for Senior Two students, the data analysis did not show any statistically significant improvement in their performance after remediation (p > .05). The results indicated a significant difference after training (p < .001) for the teachers. This research highlights the importance of targeted remediation and smart classrooms in enhancing academic performance and teachers’ perceptions.

Amanda Man Ying Chu, Jenny Tsun Yee Tsang, Agnes Tiwari et al.

The increasing prevalence of parenting stress has significant implications for the psychological well-being of both parents and children. In view of this, our study sought to examine the mediating and moderating role of family resilience in the association between child-friendly family and parenting stress. Our analysis involved a sample of 316 parents who dedicated a minimum of 14 h per week to caring for their children. The parents were invited to complete three validated instruments—the parenting stress index short form (PSI), the family resilience assessment scale (FRAS), and inventory of the child-friendly family (ICF)—to evaluate their level of parenting stress, family resilience, and child-friendly family, respectively. We tested the mediation model by applying structural equation model analysis. It was found that child-friendly family negatively correlated with parenting stress (path coefficient = −0.56, p &lt; 0.001). This relationship is mediated by family resilience. That is “child-friendly family” leads to increased “family resilience” (path coefficient = 0.68, p &lt; 0.01), which in turn leads to lower “parenting stress” (path coefficient = −0.30, p &lt; 0.05). The mediation effect ratio was 26.70%. We used multiple regression analysis to test the moderation model and found that family resilience did not play a moderating role between child-friendly family and parenting stress. This study holds particular significance for two key reasons: Firstly, it elucidates the relationship between child-friendly family, family resilience, and parenting stress, highlighting the potential of creating a child-friendly family to reduce parenting stress through the enhancement of family resilience. Secondly, our findings provide valuable evidence for the development of innovative approaches that effectively and sustainably alleviate parenting stress.

Scott Feister, Kevin Cassou, Stephen Dann et al.

The next generation of high-power lasers enables repetition of experiments at orders of magnitude higher frequency than was possible using the prior generation. Facilities requiring human intervention between laser repetitions need to adapt in order to keep pace with the new laser technology. A distributed networked control system can enable laboratory-wide automation and feedback control loops. These higher-repetition-rate experiments will create enormous quantities of data. A consistent approach to managing data can increase data accessibility, reduce repetitive data-software development, and mitigate poorly organized metadata. An opportunity arises to share knowledge of improvements to control and data infrastructure currently being undertaken. We compare platforms and approaches to state-of-the-art control systems and data management at high-power laser facilities, and we illustrate these topics with case studies from our community.

Christian Fiedler, Michael Herty, Sebastian Trimpe

Mean field limits are an important tool in the context of large-scale dynamical systems, in particular, when studying multiagent and interacting particle systems. While the continuous-time theory is well-developed, few works have considered mean field limits for deterministic discrete-time systems, which are relevant for the analysis and control of large-scale discrete-time multiagent system. We prove existence results for the mean field limit of very general discrete-time control systems, for which we utilize kernel mean embeddings. These results are then applied in a typical optimal control setup, where we establish the mean field limit of the relaxed dynamic programming principle. Our results can serve as a rigorous foundation for many applications of mean field approaches for discrete-time dynamical systems.

Moutaz Haddara

The Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system selection is an early phase in the ERP adoption process. When organizations evaluate an ERP, they commonly develop their own selection criteria that usually involve various system and vendor related factors. While the selection process is critical, however, there is an apparent research gap in literature. The ERP selection effort also focuses on the system’s fit with the organizational requirements and needs. Thus, the selection phase is critical, because if an organization chooses an unfit ERP, the whole project could be predestined to fail. This research provides an overview of an ERP selection process at an overseas branch office of a multinational company. The process employed a simple multi-attribute rating technique (SMART) for evaluation. In addition, this research presents how cross-border data protection laws between the parent company and its branch have influenced the selection process. As the ERP system has been implemented successfully, the method and the selection factors have been proven adequate for the selection process.

Diego Garay-Ruiz, Carles Bo

Abstract The organization and management of large amounts of data has become a major point in almost all areas of human knowledge. In this context, semantic approaches propose a structure for the target data, defining ontologies that state the types of entities on a certain field and how these entities are interrelated. In this work, we introduce OntoRXN, a novel ontology describing the reaction networks constructed from computational chemistry calculations. Under our paradigm, these networks are handled as undirected graphs, without assuming any traversal direction. From there, we propose a core class structure including reaction steps, network stages, chemical species, and the lower-level entities for the individual computational calculations. These individual calculations are founded on the OntoCompChem ontology and on the ioChem-BD database, where information is parsed and stored in CML format. OntoRXN is introduced through several examples in which knowledge graphs based on the ontology are generated for different chemical systems available on ioChem-BD. Finally, the resulting knowledge graphs are explored through SPARQL queries, illustrating the power of the semantic approach to standardize the analysis of intricate datasets and to simplify the development of complex workflows. Graphical Abstract

Małgorzata Z. Wiśniewska, Marta Rombalska, Małgorzata Szymańska-Brałkowska

Theoretical background: The pandemic situation affected the functioning of each organization, including the assessment of quality management systems. The implementation of remote audits, including remote internal audits, has become an urgent necessity. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to present the results of research on potential difficulties in conducting remote internal audit, from the perspective of auditors and auditees. The auxiliary goal is to collect and organize definitions of remote audit and describe its essence in the light of scientific literature and other sources of a formal nature. Research methods: A review and critical analysis of the literature, the method of a diagnostic survey, and then the method of synthesis and logical reasoning were used. Main findings: Several bottlenecks related to certain difficulties can be identified. Both auditors and audited persons should not waste time searching for relevant documents or records. There is a need to check in advance to what extent the applied information technology is efficient, effective and available to all interested parties during the audit. It is necessary to clarify the roles and tasks before and during audits, and to make sure in advance that all resources, both tangible and intangible, are available during the audit.

Louis Ohl, Pierre-Alexandre Mattei, Charles Bouveyron et al.

In the last decade, recent successes in deep clustering majorly involved the mutual information (MI) as an unsupervised objective for training neural networks with increasing regularisations. While the quality of the regularisations have been largely discussed for improvements, little attention has been dedicated to the relevance of MI as a clustering objective. In this paper, we first highlight how the maximisation of MI does not lead to satisfying clusters. We identified the Kullback-Leibler divergence as the main reason of this behaviour. Hence, we generalise the mutual information by changing its core distance, introducing the generalised mutual information (GEMINI): a set of metrics for unsupervised neural network training. Unlike MI, some GEMINIs do not require regularisations when training. Some of these metrics are geometry-aware thanks to distances or kernels in the data space. Finally, we highlight that GEMINIs can automatically select a relevant number of clusters, a property that has been little studied in deep clustering context where the number of clusters is a priori unknown.