Part 1: Basic Concepts in Event Studies 1. Introduction and Overview of Event Studies 2. The World of Planned Events Part 2: Foundation Disciplines and Closely Related Fields 3. Anthropology, Sociology, Philosophy, Religious Studies and Psychology 4. Economics, Management, Political Science, Law, History, Human Geography, Future Studies 5. Closely Related Professional Fields Part 3: Framework for Understanding and Creating Knowledge 6. The Event Experience and Meanings 7. Event Design 8. Antecedents and Choices 9. Management of Events 10. Outcomes and the Impacted 11. Events and Public Policy Part 4: Conclusion 12. Science, Knowledge and Theory for Event Studies
W rozmowie z Maciejem Jońcą prof. Jerzy Zajadło opowiada o początkach swojej kariery naukowej, pierwszym spotkaniu z prawem rzymskim i późniejszej fascynacji prawem naturalnym. Rozmówcy dyskutują również o wartości tłumaczeń w polskim dyskursie akademickim oraz potrzebie nieustannego poszerzania granic nauki. Ostatecznie obaj dochodzą do tego samego wniosku: tylko podejście interdyscyplinarne zapewnia wystarczająco szeroką perspektywę, która pozwala nam powiedzieć coś nowego o prawie w postmodernistycznym świecie.
History (General) and history of Europe, History of Law
The major powers are becoming more interested in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) due to its strategic location. They believe that increasing their presence in the area helps to achieve a number of national goals, particularly enhancing their influence in the Asia-Pacific region as a whole as well as in the countries of mainland Southeast Asia. The article examines the US and China’s approaches to the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) in light of their rivalry. This analysis additionally demonstrates that every power has a unique way for creating integration mechanisms in order to draw the GMS nations under its influence. The paper also focuses on the evaluation of Russia's capabilities. The author points out that given China's and the United States' long-standing presence in the area, Russia, which has a number of interests there, must take the proper measures to establish its place and role in the region.
South Asia. Southeast Asia. East Asia, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
1. IntroductionIn recent years, there has been a growing trend in the “North and South” dialectics in all fields. International law is no exception to this rule. Recently, in international law studies, in particular, in philosophical discourses and historical development research regarding the origin and the basis of international law obligations, efforts have been made by new scholars to spread the Eastern approach to international law. As these thoughts normally emerge from the less developed and colonial countries, it is called the “Third-World Approach to International Law (TWAIL)”. This approach is rooted in the critical legal studies movement in international law. By taking the Asian perspective into account and also, the evolution of the history of Asian civilizations, this approach attempts to address the inauspicious phenomenon of colonialism in undeveloped or less developed countries, and thereby, decenter Europe as the origin of international law.From 1996 to 2020, we have been facing a significant increase in studies related to this third-world approach to international law, which depicts the possible emergence of a renaissance period in this field of study. Although its initial consistent rise happened between 1998 and 2012, the volume of scientific content production in this approach gradually increased. In fact, this approach points us to a re-examination of the historical evolution of international law. As mentioned, the researchers and experts of this approach are actively present in the world of international law and this approach will undoubtedly impact their opinions and activities. MethodologyFurthermore, the third-world approaches to international law have rooted in different areas, but naturally, they have become more prominent in some categories of international law, in terms of studying the methodology and the historical background of international law that were mentioned earlier.The third-world approach functions in two ways: first, it challenges the radicalized power and the hierarchy of international institutions and norms, and second, it examines the past and the present foundations of colonies and imperial structures of international law. Many of the insights created by the critical approach have been important and useful for the supporters of the third-world approach to international law. So, this approach will analyze the current issues of international law and human rights in a critical discourse. Although there is a fear of division and conflict in such approaches, they create more awareness and increase the debate between different nations on the subject which leads to the universality of international law. It is worth mentioning that Marty Koskenniemi and David Kennedy are among the most famous experts in this field of study and have written many articles about this approach. ConclusionIn conclusion, it seems that the critical and bold approach to international law through the lens of the so-called third-world countries analyzes the deep-rooted inequalities in the international community. The synergy between the critical approach and the third-world approach has expanded the content of international law norms and has created new discourses in international law. Based on the writings of the experts with the third-world approach to international law, it seems that in the past and especially in recent centuries, through the flawed phenomenon of exploitation and colonialism (both in its traditional and modern forms), the powerful countries of the world have seriously damaged the trust of other countries regarding international decisions and regulations concerning third-world countries and especially Asian countries. Thus, actions should be taken to rebuild that trust. It is possible to change the view of third-world countries to powerful countries in international relations. But the emergence of other powerful governments and Asian actors, especially those countries that have a significant impact on the international economy and, as a result, are noticeably influential on politics and international relations, can lead to a redefinition of many concepts in the modern world.Finally, it seems that, regarding the true goals and ideals of international law, the presence of “North and South” views in all areas related to international law have led to different political sides and the current international order. challenges exist at all levels, but the examination and analysis of such multi-dimensional approaches will lead to the expansion of the discourse and exchange of opinions between different nations and will raise awareness and respect for different cultural systems among them, which finally, contributes to the universality of international law.
Tribal Constitutions, Citing Slavery, andPetitioning for Freedom are digital legal history projects focused onexpressions of sovereignty within tribal constitutions, the remnants of slaveryin modern law, and the underexamined role of habeas petitioners in challengingcoercion and confinement in the long-nineteenth-century United States. Eachproject deploys legal databases differently, but with the shared goal ofcontributing key insights to legal historical scholarship and offeringinterfaces that appeal to a broad, public audience.
This concluding reflection on the forum, “The Everyday Materials of Colonial Legal History,” seeks to emphasize the contributing essays engagement with historical methodologies that take seriously objects, signs, and the theatrical.
The article analyzes the experience of Hanoi's leadership of the national liberation struggle in the South of Vietnam in the 1960s and 70s, and then the liberation of Cambodia from the criminal Pol Pot regime in the context of the absence of a “second front” during the implementation of Russia's special operation in Ukraine in 2022. The author takes the reader back to 1950–1965s, when, as a result of the neo-colonialist policy of the United States, the implementation of the Geneva agreements on Vietnam was disrupted and there was a real threat of perpetuating the division of the country into two hostile parts. Under these conditions, a bold decision was made in Hanoi to deploy a full-scale guerrilla struggle in the South, to create the National Liberation Front (NLF) and the People's Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF), led from Hanoi and relying on military, economic and political assistance from the North. The article shows how victoriously the war of Resistance developed, which ended on April 30, 1975 with the liberation of Saigon, the reunification of the forcibly divided country and the proclamation of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV). According to the author, as the experience of Vietnam shows, in order to successfully complete the special operation in Ukraine, it is necessary, as military successes are achieved, to focus efforts on the timely implementation of purely political tasks – the creation of a new military-political administration in the liberated regions and skillful propaganda work.
South Asia. Southeast Asia. East Asia, Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
We question why some state legislatures responded to public discourse promptly while other state legislatures resist change. We use the choice of performance-based budgeting (PBB) to set the stage in answering this compelling question. We employ a logit model as a discrete event history analysis (EHA). We use the EHA to determine how and what variables influence the probability of an organization’s qualitative change (or “event”) at a given point in time. In this study, the organizations are states, and the event to be analyzed is the enactment of PBB law. Our data set is a modified panel of 50 states between the years 1993 and 2008. We study the factors that would influence state legislators to pass PBB laws across the nation. While our empirical result shows that political preferences are not statistically significant factors for states to pass PBB law, state legislators seem to favor the factors associated with the financial management explanation to adopt PBB. Also, the factors of path dependence and mimicking influence states to adopt PBB.
Political institutions and public administration (General)
The article studies the main features of types of landscape descriptions in providing the coherence and cohesion of a literary text. The essence of these linguistic phenomena is analyzed. Cohesion and the integrity of text space are considered in immediate connection with the phenomena in question. Basic intertextuality characteristics are studied as regards cognitive strategies and the phenomenon of inter-textual competence. The analysis is made within the frameworks of pragmalinguistic methods; the description of correspondence of landscape descriptions per-locutionary effect as a part of integral textual space persuasion and illocutionary goal. With the reference to the analysis of the phenomenon in different linguo-cultures it is claimed that the pragmatic factors of the "Description of nature" type enhance coherence in a literary text. Typological criteria for differentiation of landscape descriptions fostering the coherence are specified. Coherence is viewed as a cognitive-pragmatic mechanism of global structure and text semantics interconnection. Social and pragmatic features of landscape descriptions can represent the potential of increasing the literary text coherence degree; communicative and pragmatic parameters of the landscape description elements intended to provide the general coherence of the textual space in its unities works in the direct convergent cross-functionally with other means of text cohesion development.
Law, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
The article examines the legal nature of suspending a license issued to a legal entity. The author views the suspension of a license issued to a legal entity as administrative-recovery measures.
Law, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
The article discusses the research of archaeological study of the Bronze Age sites by A. L. Nechitailo and her contribution to the research of the monuments of Maikop, North Caucasus and Ciscaucasian cultural and historical communities and cultures of the Ukrainian Steppe.
Law, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
Zygmunta Jundziłła (1880–1953) bez wątpienia można uznać za jednego z ostatnich obywateli Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego. Początkowo związał się ze stronnictwem krajowców, a w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej należał do zwolenników marszałka Józefa Piłsudskiego. Z ramienia BBWR sprawował w latach 1930–1935 mandat senatora. Jundziłł był także wykładowcą prawa cywilnego na Uniwersytecie Stefana Batorego w Wilnie, a także adwokatem. W okresie II wojny światowej uniknął aresztowania. Po 1945 r. przebywał na emigracji we Francji i w Wielkiej Brytanii. Zmarł na emigracji w Londynie w 1953 r.
History (General) and history of Europe, History of Law
Camilla de Oliveira Rodrigues da Silva, Artur José Renda Vitorino
A partir da narrativa da formação do povo brasileiro de Von Martius, Gilberto Freyre, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e Fernando de Azevedo, na qual nos mostra a formação do povo brasileiro por meio da miscigenação entre brancos europeus, negros e indígenas, temos a intrínseca ideia de que foi relevante a contribuição dos africanos e dos indígenas na nossa identidade nacional e essa participação realmente foi importante para a formação do povo brasileiro assim como dos europeus, mas é sobre os europeus que temos mais informações, o que acarretou em uma versão eurocêntrica da história do nosso país. Pensando na visibilidade da história e da cultura afro-brasileira e africana e para que a população pudesse ter mais contato com esse tema, criou-se a Lei nº 10.639/03, que tornou o ensino da história e da cultura afro-brasileira e africana obrigatório na Educação Básica. Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo demonstrar, a partir de pesquisas acadêmicas a efetividade da Lei nº 10.639/03 nas instituições de ensino e a sua importância para a representação do negro.
Palavras-chave: Lei 10.639/03; representação; políticas públicas.
LAW No. 10. 639/03 AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN THE REPRESENTATION OF THE BLACK PEOPLE
Abstract
From the narrative of the formation of the Brazilian people of Von Martius, Gilberto Freyre, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda and Fernando de Azevedo, in which they show the formation of the Brazilian people through the miscegenation between European whites, blacks and natives, we have the intrinsic
idea that the contribution of Africans and indigenous people in our national identity was relevant and this participation was really important for the formation of the Brazilian people as well as of the Europeans, but it is on the Europeans that we have more information, which entailed in a Eurocentric
version of the history of our country. Thinking about the visibility of Afro-Brazilian and African history and culture, and so that the population could have more contact with this theme, Law 10.639 / 03 was created, which made the teaching of Afro-Brazilian and African history and culture compulsory in Basic Education. This research aims to demonstrate, based on academic research, the
effectiveness of Law 10.639 / 03 in educational institutions and its importance for the representation of the black.
Keywords: Law 10.639/03; representation; public policies.
LEY N ° 10. 639/03 Y SU IMPORTANCIA EN LA REPRESENTACIÓN DEL NEGRO
Resumen
A partir de la forma de hacer el voto brasileño de Von Martius, Gilberto Freyre, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda y Fernando de Azevedo, na qual nos mostra a formão do povo brasileiro for meio da miscigenação entre brancos europeus, negros e indígenas, temos a intrínseca ideia de que es una contribución relevante para los países africanos y para los indígenas en nuestra identificación nacional e es una participación realmente importante para la formación del ciudadano brasileño, como lo es en otros países, que ofrece información adicional, o que se puede obtener en la cuenta euroc história do nosso país. Pensando en la historia y la cultura afrobrasileñas y africanas y para la población en general, contacte con este tema, criou-se a Lei nº 10.639 / 03, que se enriquece con el conocimiento de la historia y la cultura afro-brasileira y africana obrigatório na Educação Básica. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo demostrar, a partir de investigaciones académicas la efectividad de la
Ley nº 10.639 / 03 en las instituciones de enseñanza y su importancia para la representación del negro.
Palabras clave: Ley 10.639/03; representación; políticas públicas.
Author(s): Harris, Angela; Varellas, James J. | Abstract: In this time of accelerating crises nationally and worldwide, conventional understandings of the relationships among state, market, and society and their regulation through law are inadequate. In this Editors’ Introduction to Volume 1, Issue 1 of the Journal of Law and Political Economy, we reflect on our current historical moment, identify genealogies of the Law and Political Economy (LPE) project, articulate some of the intellectual foundations of the work, and finally discuss the journal’s institutional history and context.
The second law of thermodynamics is known to hold at small scales also when gravity plays a leading role, as in the case of black holes and self-gravitating radiation spheres. It has been suggested that it should as well at large scales. Here, by a purely kinematic analysis \textemdash based on the history of the Hubble factor and independent of any cosmological model \textemdash , we explore if this law is fulfilled in the case of homogeneous and isotropic universes regardless of the sign of the spatial curvature.
This review essay examines three intellectual histories focused on fundamental transformations of international law in the early twentieth century. Juan Pablo Scarfi's Hidden History of International Law in the Americas is most interested in debates about a Pan-American international law, meaning the idea that international law might work differently in different regions, which was debated but eventually gave way to the change that Arnulf Becker Lorca, a Lecturer in Public International Law at Georgetown Law, discusses. Becker Lorca's Mestizo International Law is most interested in how the conception that international law applied only to civilized nations transformed into the modern conception that presumes sovereign equality. The Internationalists, by Oona Hathaway and Scott Shapiro, respectively the Gerard C. and Bernice Latrobe Smith Professor of International Law and the Charles F. Southmayd Professor of Law and Professor of Philosophy at Yale Law School, and seeks to understand how the normal (and legal) recourse to force in international relations was replaced by an international law that bans the use of force, except in self-defense. Ideas regarding these issues started to evolve in the late 1800s, but the transformative debates occurred at roughly the same time because the Hague Peace Conferences and the League of Nations allowed contestations over old versus updated understandings of international law to flourish.