Sara Mahdavi Hezavehi, Danny Weyns, Paris Avgeriou
In this essay, we provide an overview of methodological considerations necessary to lay out the foundation for our PhD research on uncertainty and risk-aware adaptation.
Identifying the main contributions related to the Automated Test Production (ATP) of Computer Programs and providing an overview about models, methodologies and tools used for this purpose is the aim of this Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The results will enable a comprehensive analysis and insight to evaluate their applicability. A previously produced Systematic Literature Mapping (SLM) contributed to the formulation of the ``Research Questions'' and parameters for the definition of the qualitative analysis protocol of this review.
Behavioral models play an essential role in Model-driven engineering (MDE). Keeping inter-related behavioral models consistent is critical to use them successfully in MDE. However, consistency checking for behavioral models, especially in a heterogeneous scenario, is limited. We propose a methodology to integrate heterogeneous behavioral models to achieve consistency checking in broader scenarios. It is based on aligning the respective behavioral metamodels by defining possible inter-model relations which carry behavioral meaning. Converting the models and their relations to a behavioral formalism enables analysis of global behavioral consistency using model-checking.
Adrian Frydrych, Maciej Noga, Justyna Milan
et al.
Our study’s objective is to evaluate the potential health effects of elemental impurities (Ag, Au, Co, Cr, Cs, Li, Mo, Se, and Sr) found in green tea infusions (Camellia sinensis (L.)). The ICP-MS-based methodology was employed for elemental analysis and a detailed health risk evaluation based on weekly consumption (μg/L of infusion/week). The provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), established by the Joint FAO Expert Committee on infusion/week/month based on existing literature data, was then compared to the subjects with data from the available literature. The exposure of the study items to Co ranged from 0.07904 to 0.85421 μg/day. On the contrary, the ICH (International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use) guidelines state that the established permitted daily exposure PDE (oral exposure) for Co is 50 μg/day. The PDE of lithium is around 560 μg/day, and according to our study, the estimated daily exposure of the evaluated products to Li fell between 0.0185 and 0.7170 μg/day. Our research also revealed modest concentrations of Cs (0.399–2.654 μg/L), Mo (0.0113–0.107 μg/L), and Sr (9.848–22.331 μg/L) in infusions. The recognized PDE for molybdenum is approximately 3400 μg/day. Only two samples contained silver, and when considering daily consumption, the predicted daily exposure to Ag is between 4.4994 and 0.03122 μg/day. The amounts of all evaluated elements in a daily dose of green tea infusions should not harm the consumer’s health. Further considerations should take aspects, such as constant change and environmental pollution, into account.
This paper reports on a study of transferring a desktop-based model-based engineering tool to a web application. The study has been conducted in the WEBMODEL project where the well-established technology stack around the Eclipse platform and the Eclipse Modeling Framework was lifted into a cloud-based environment. As results, a modeling language independent tooling kernel for web-based modeling tools and a minimal prototypical web-based implementation of the AutoFOCUS 3 model-based engineering tool are presented. Furthermore, the report documents experiences and implementation advises gained during the implementation.
As a direct cause of software defects, human error is the key to understanding and identifying defects. We propose a new code inspection method: targeted code inspection based on human error mechanisms of software engineers. Based on the common erroneous mechanisms of human cognition, the method targets error-prone codes with high efficiency and minimum effort. The proposed method is supported by preliminary evidence in a pilot study.
AI-Driven Development Environments (AIDEs) Integrate the power of modern AI into IDEs like Visual Studio Code and JetBrains IntelliJ. By leveraging massive language models and the plethora of openly available source code, AIDEs promise to automate many of the obvious, routine tasks in programming. At the same time, AIDEs come with new challenges to think about, such as bias, legal compliance, security vulnerabilities, and their impact on learning programming.
This document shows how Z specifications can be translated into $\{log\}$ and, later, on how $\{log\}$ can be used to run simulations and automated proofs. This can help users of other specification languages such as B and VDM to use $\{log\}$ along the same lines. The presentation is rather informal and user-oriented. More technical and formal presentations can be found in the papers published by the authors. We also assume the reader has at least a basic knowledge of the Z notation.
Code summarization is the task of generating readable summaries that are semantically meaningful and can accurately describe the presumed task of a software. Program comprehension has become one of the most tedious tasks for knowledge transfer. As the codebase evolves over time, the description needs to be manually updated each time with the changes made. An automatic approach is proposed to infer such captions based on benchmarked and custom datasets with comparison between the original and generated results.
We propose B Maude, a prototype executable environment for the Abstract Machine Notation implemented in the Maude language. B Maude is formally defined and results from the implementation of the semantics of AMN as denotations in the $π$ Framework, a realization of Mosses' Component-based Semantics and Plotkin's Interpreting Automata. B Maude endows the B method with execution by rewriting, symbolic search with narrowing and Linear Temporal Logic model checking of AMN descriptions.
This article presents a model for describing the architecture of software-intensive systems, based on the use of multiple, concurrent views. This use of multiple views allows to address separately the concerns of the various stakeholders of the architecture: end-user, developers, systems engineers, project managers, etc., and to handle separately the functional and non functional requirements. Each of the five views is described, together with a notation to capture it. The views are designed using an architecture-centered, scenario-driven, iterative development process.
In this article, we propose the definition of specific mutation operators for testing Geographic Information Systems. We describe the process for applying the operators and generating mutants, and present a case study where these mutation operators are applied to two real-world applications.
Sergio Zapata, José Luis Barros-Justo, Gerardo Maturro
et al.
The purpose of this protocol is to be useful to identify, evaluate and synthesize reported knowledge about the measurement of interpersonal trust (IpT) in virtual software teams. To achieve this goal we applied a research technique known as Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The aim of a SLR is to be as objective, analytical, and repeatable as possible.
Organisations are upscaling their use of agile. Agile ways of working are used in larger projects and also in organisational units outside IT. This paper reports on the results of the first international workshop on agile transformation, which aimed to focus research on practice in a field which currently receives great attention. We report on participants definitions of agile transformation, summaries of experiences from such transformations, and the challenges that require research attention
AbstractBy reaction of alkali metal acetylides, AIC2H (AI=K, Rb, Cs), with elemental selenium in liquid ammonia highly crystalline powders of AISeC2H were obtained. The structure analysis based on the resulting synchrotron powder diffraction data revealed that all compounds crystallize in an orthorhombic unit cell (Cmc21, Z=4) exhibiting the elusive −SeC2H anion, which is unprecedented in a crystalline compound up to now. Elemental analysis and IR spectroscopic data confirm this finding. Upon heating, AISeC2H compounds release acetylene based on DSC/TGA experiments resulting in powders with the proposed composition AI2Se2(C2). The resulting powders were indexed with small cubic unit cells, but a reasonable structural model could not be developed up to now. Upon exposure of AISeC2H compounds to water elemental selenium is formed again.
Spreadsheet tables are often labeled, and these labels effectively constitute types for the data in the table. In such cases tables can be considered to be built from typed data where the placement of values within the table is controlled by the types used for rows and columns. We present a new approach to the transformations of spreadsheet tables that is based on transformations of row and column types. We illustrate the basic idea of type-based table construction and transformation and lay out a series of research questions that should be addressed in future work.
A new initiative from the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) aims to establish a "Common Domain Model" (ISDA CDM): a new standard for data and process representation across the full range of derivatives instruments. Design of the ISDA CDM is at an early stage and the draft definition contains considerable complexity. This paper contributes by offering insight, analysis and discussion relating to key topics in the design space such as data lineage, timestamps, consistency, operations, events, state and state transitions.
El artículo presenta la llegada del nuevo milenio, un número cada vez mayor de empresarios se unieron a la aplicación del diseño sostenible que comenzó a replantearse en las empresas y el rol que juegan con el desarrollo del medio ambiente, el planeta y en la sociedad. Podemos decir que el diseño sostenible busca generar soluciones a través de servicios y estilos de vida, pero no exclusivamente a través de objetos. Con el fin de introducir una definición elaborada de diseño sostenible es necesario mencionar los sistemas sostenibles, que básicamente, se refieren a cualquier tipo de red o servicio social que puede existir y replicarse. Además de sistemas sostenibles hay otros principios dentro del diseño sostenible. Por último, cualquier tipo de resultado obtenido para satisfacer la necesidad debe ser sostenible a largo plazo entendiéndose como un proceso que permita una comunidad lograr un resultado a través de estrategias de diseño.