AbstractBackgroundCaring is the essence and core of nursing. Current studies on the effect of gender on nurses’ perception of caring have been inconsistent. Most of these studies were quantitative and conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aimed to explore the gender similarities and differences in nurses’ perception of caring during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsIn 2020, a cross-sectional mixed-method study was conducted in 11 cities in China using structured online questionnaire (n = 8030) and face-to-face individual interview (n = 42). Data collection tools included the Caring Dimensions Inventory and semi-structured interview.ResultsIn stepwise multivariable linear regression analysis, female nurses scored 1.93 points higher on caring than male nurses, after completely controlling for the other factors. The interview results showed that both male and female nurses agreed that caring was to deal with three kinds of relationships, namely nurses and people, nurses and themselves, nurses and society. There were gender differences in the connotation of caring between nurses and themselves, but not in the connotations of caring between other relationships. The ranking of the importance of caring connotations among these relationships showed no gender difference except between nurses and themselves.ConclusionThe quantitative findings suggest that gender influences nurses’ perception of caring. The qualitative findings demonstrate that nurses regard themselves as both recipients and implementers of caring. The qualitative results indicate nurses of different genders have similarities and differences in their perception of caring, and the biggest difference lies in the relationship between nurses and themselves.
AP Krasnopyorova, DS Sofronov, AM Odnovolova
et al.
In this study, nano-sized particles of manganese oxyhydroxide (MnO(OH)) are synthesized. Sorption properties of this material towards 90 Sr and 137 Cs radionuclides in the pH range from 2 to 9 at a temperature of 293.15 K solution are studied. The time of sorption achievement equilibrium in the radionuclide sorbent system depends on the nature of sorbed cation, but does not exceed 60 min.
Background: Children's health is strongly influenced by the parenting style. Good parenting will affect children's optimal growth and development such as having better nutritional status and less morbidity. Balanced nutrition is needed to achieve the optimal growth and development of children starting from newborns. East Java is one of Indonesia’s provinces with the highest stunting prevalence in children under five. However, few studies focused on the parenting style differences in areas with the highest and lowest prevalence of stunting.Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe and compare the characteristics of parenting styles of children under five in Tulungagung and Bangkalan districts.Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design conducted among 404 mothers in Tulungagung and Bangkalan districts which were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, including family characteristics, children feeding practices, environmental sanitation, history of infection, and utilization of health services. The differences in the parenting style characteristics of children under five in two districts were analyzed using Chi-square.Result: There was a significant difference in the characteristics of mothers in Tulungagung and Bangkalan districts, including age, education level, and birth attendant. Socio-cultural, nutrition, and health-related parenting was also significantly differ in terms of parenting duration, training for caregivers, dietary taboo, parenting advice provider, early breastfeeding, other food before 6 months old, vegetable and protein food frequency, Posyandu visit frequency, vitamin A supplementation, iodized salt usage for cooking, child immunization status, child’s age of first immunizations, health facilities visit, initial action before bringing children to health facilities when sick. Significant different was also found in environment sanitation including the condition of house ceiling, walls, floor, living room windows, ventilation, kitchen vent, indoor lighting, clean water facility, ownership of latrines, children feces disposal frequency, and littering location and frequency.Conclusion: In summary, there is a parenting style discrepancy between districts with the highest and lowest prevalence of stunting in children under five.