Hasil untuk "Oratory. Elocution, etc."

Adam Cicherski, Norbert Dojer

Pangenomes serve as a framework for joint analysis of genomes of related organisms. Several pangenome models were proposed, offering different functionalities, applications provided by available tools, their efficiency etc. Among them, two graph-based models are particularly widely used: variation graphs and de Bruijn graphs. In the current paper we propose an axiomatization of the desirable properties of a graph representation of a collection of strings. We show the relationship between variation graphs satisfying these criteria and de Bruijn graphs. This relationship can be used to efficiently build a variation graph representing a given set of genomes, transfer annotations between both models, compare the results of analyzes based on each model etc.

Shrish Roy, Bernd Ulmann

Interest in non-algorithmic, unconventional computing is rising in recent years due to more and more apparent short comings of classic stored-program digital computers, such as energy efficiency, degree of parallelism in computations, clock frequency limitations, integration density, silicon utilization, etc. One notable such unconventional approach are oscillator based Ising machines, i.e., systems consisting of a number of oscillators which can be coupled in order to create an analogue for some problem to be solved, while the actual information is encoded in the phase relationships of these oscillators with respect to some reference (typically one of these oscillators). It has been shown that machines of this type are capable of solving NP-hard problems such as max-cut, etc. In the following an experimental Ising machine is presented together with experimental results obtained from this machine.

Conghui Li, Yuting Tian

In this note, we extend the inductions and restrictions of modules over finite groups to non-injective group homomorphisms, establishing transitivity, Frobenius reciprocity, Mackey's formula, etc.

Carl Leake

The Theory of Functional Connections (TFC) is most often used for constraints over the field of real numbers. However, previous works have shown that it actually extends to arbitrary fields. The evidence for these claims is restricting oneself to the field of real numbers is unnecessary because all of the theorems, proofs, etc. for TFC apply as written to fields in general. Here, that notion is taken a step further, as fields themselves are unnecessarily restrictive. The theorems, proofs, etc. of TFC apply to vector spaces, not just fields. Moreover, the inputs of the functions/constraints do not even need to be restricted to vector spaces; they can quite literally be anything. In this note, the author shows the more general inputs/outputs of the various symbols that comprise TFC. Examples with accompanying, open-access Python code are included to aid the reader's understanding.

Fiona Rossette-Crake

Valeria Invernizzi

Questo saggio propone una lettura del testo teatrale Caino di Mariangela Gualtieri. La prima parte del nostro studio guarda alle somiglianze e alle differenze tra la riscrittura di Gualtieri e il mito biblico, rintraccia alcune possibili fonti testuali per l’opera e la esamina usando gli strumenti della psicanalisi, soffermandosi in particolare sulla questione dell’invidia, delle diverse immagini di Dio e delle conseguenze relative al progresso tecnologico e scientifico. La seconda parte è dedicata a un confronto della figura di Caino proposta da Gualtieri con quelle omonime che troviamo nei libri di José Saramago e Andrea Camilleri.

Chudamani Poudyal, Qian Zhao, Vytaras Brazauskas

When constructing parametric models to predict the cost of future claims, several important details have to be taken into account: (i) models should be designed to accommodate deductibles, policy limits, and coinsurance factors, (ii) parameters should be estimated robustly to control the influence of outliers on model predictions, and (iii) all point predictions should be augmented with estimates of their uncertainty. The methodology proposed in this paper provides a framework for addressing all these aspects simultaneously. Using payment-per-payment and payment-per-loss variables, we construct the adaptive version of method of winsorized moments (MWM) estimators for the parameters of truncated and censored lognormal distribution. Further, the asymptotic distributional properties of this approach are derived and compared with those of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and method of trimmed moments (MTM) estimators. The latter being a primary competitor to MWM. Moreover, the theoretical results are validated with extensive simulation studies and risk measure sensitivity analysis. Finally, practical performance of these methods is illustrated using the well-studied data set of 1500 U.S. indemnity losses. With this real data set, it is also demonstrated that the composite models do not provide much improvement in the quality of predictive models compared to a stand-alone fitted distribution specially for truncated and censored sample data.

Dhruv Patel, Meet Gandhi, Shankaranarayanan H. et al.

Agriculture has always remained an integral part of the world. As the human population keeps on rising, the demand for food also increases, and so is the dependency on the agriculture industry. But in today's scenario, because of low yield, less rainfall, etc., a dearth of manpower is created in this agricultural sector, and people are moving to live in the cities, and villages are becoming more and more urbanized. On the other hand, the field of robotics has seen tremendous development in the past few years. The concepts like Deep Learning (DL), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) are being incorporated with robotics to create autonomous systems for various sectors like automotive, agriculture, assembly line management, etc. Deploying such autonomous systems in the agricultural sector help in many aspects like reducing manpower, better yield, and nutritional quality of crops. So, in this paper, the system design of an autonomous agricultural robot which primarily focuses on weed detection is described. A modified deep-learning model for the purpose of weed detection is also proposed. The primary objective of this robot is the detection of weed on a real-time basis without any human involvement, but it can also be extended to design robots in various other applications involved in farming like weed removal, plowing, harvesting, etc., in turn making the farming industry more efficient. Source code and other details can be found at https://github.com/Dhruv2012/Autonomous-Farm-Robot

Tatiana Korenkova

The role of prayers in the themes of Anna Karenina is considered. It is noted that Leo Tolstoy typology of characters is based on their attitude to prayers and praying. The paper analyzes origins and textual parallels of Levin’s prayers on the background of Christian revival in Russia during Alexander II’s reign, as well as certain aspects of Tolstoy prayerology (i.e. theology and theory of prayer, concept of prayer).

Giannis Delimpaltadakis, Manuel Mazo

In previous work, linear time-invariant event-triggered control (ETC) systems were abstracted to finite-state systems that capture the original systems' sampling behaviour. It was shown that these abstractions can be employed for scheduling of communication traffic in networks of ETC loops. In this paper, we extend this framework to the class of nonlinear homogeneous systems, however adopting a different approach in a number of steps. Finally, we discuss how the proposed methodology could be extended to general nonlinear systems.

Zura Kakushadze

After a market downturn, especially in an uncertain economic environment such as the current state, there can be a relatively long period with a sideways market, where indexes, stocks, etc., move in channels with support and resistance levels. We discuss option pricing in such scenarios, in both cases of unattainable as well as attainable boundaries, and obtain closed-form option pricing formulas. Our results also apply to FX rates in target zones without interest rate pegging (USD/HKD, digital currencies, etc.).

Trung Q. Tran

I introduce a simple but efficient method to solve one of the critical aspects of English grammar which is the relationship between active sentence and passive sentence. In fact, an active sentence and its corresponding passive sentence express the same meaning, but their structure is different. I utilized Prolog [4] along with Definite Clause Grammars (DCG) [5] for doing the conversion between active sentence and passive sentence. Some advanced techniques were also used such as Extra Arguments, Extra Goals, Lexicon, etc. I tried to solve a variety of cases of active and passive sentences such as 12 English tenses, modal verbs, negative form, etc. More details and my contributions will be presented in the following sections. The source code is available at https://github.com/tqtrunghnvn/ActiveAndPassive.

Giuseppe Carrara

Attraverso il confronto fra Let Us Now Praise Famous Men di James Agee e Walker Evans e Poor People di William T. Vollmann, l’articolo si propone di mostrare come quest’ultimo rifletta e cerchi di risolvere i problemi etici, politici e formali della rappresentazione documentaria. In particolare, si analizzano le modalità attraverso le quali viene problematizzato il processo di mediazione e di fruizione e lo specifico della retorica adottata da Vollmann per rendere conto dell’esperienza di un’alterità subalterna. Through the comparison between James Agee’s and Walker Evans’s Let Us Now Praise Famous Men and William T. Vollmann’s Poor People, this essay focuses on ethical, political and aesthetic problems concerning documentary representation. Namely I analyse the ways in which Vollmann puts the mediation process into question and the rhetoric through which the experience of otherness is depicted in a work of literary non-fiction.

Franco D'Intino

Il saggio prende spunto da un ricordo d’infanzia annotato nello Zibaldoneil 26 marzo 1820, che Leopardi rubrica sotto la voce “Servitori”. A partire da questo appunto, il contributo indaga la presenza del motivo della servitù, e del rapporto servo-padrone, nel diario leopardiano e nei ricordi autobiografici raccolti nella Vita abbozzata di Silvio Sarno, intrecciandolo dapprima con le considerazioni rousseauiane sul tema (Émile e Confessions) e poi con il concetto arendtiano di ‘vita activa’. Attraverso l’analisi di temi (la schiavitù, il pubblico e il privato, il consumo alimentare, l’egoismo) e di figure emblematiche (il domestico, il tiranno, il monofago, il viaggiatore solitario), il saggio mostra le implicazioni autobiografiche, storiche (l’«umanità degli antichi») e filosofiche dell’interesse leopardiano per il motivo della servitù: la desolata presa d’atto che la società moderna condivide con la natura un inevitabile egoismo, nella misura in cui il bisogno del singolo prevale su valori durevoli e pubblici come la gloria e l’onore. The essay starts from a childhood memory recorded in Zibaldone the 26th of May 1820, indexed under the heading “Servants.” It explores the theme of “servitude” (servitù, or schiavitù, “slavery”), and the relationship master/slave in the Zibaldone and in the autobiographical memories known as Vita abbozzata di Silvio Sarno, relating them with Rousseau’s Émile and Confessions, and with Arendt’s concept of “vita activa.” Through the analysis of themes such as slavery, egoism, consumption, public/private, and of paradigmatic figures such as the servant, the tyrant, the solitary traveller and especially the “monophagous”, by which term Leopardi understands somebody who doesn’t like to eat in company, the essay shows the autobiographical, historical and philosophical implications of Leopardi’s interest in the issue of servitude, and in particular his disillusioned acknowledgement that modern society shares with nature egoism and selfishness, since individual commodities tend to prevail over values such as glory and honour.

Mario Ajazzi Mancini

Questo lavoro indaga la figura del silenzio, come si sviluppa in alcuni poemi di Paul Celan. In particolare, analizza l’argumentum e silentio, un’inferenza vera basata sul tacere o sulla mancanza di risposta. In questo silenzio è in gioco la morte della lingua. La lingua tedesca, che è la lingua materna del poeta. Violentata dai nazionalsocialisti e annientata nei forni crematori. La domanda riguarda come sia possibile continuare a scrivere poesia in questa lingua, e come la poesia possa sostenere ancora il mandato etico che le impone di sottrarsi a quella violenza e all’imbarbarimento. Non solo, ma anche come sia possibile, attraverso la poesia stessa, riappropriarsi di quella lingua come lingua materna. A tale proposito, Celan propone un erschwiegene Wort, una parola che sia vinta, conquistata, strappata al silenzio dell’annientamento, e allo stesso tempo una parola silenziata: la parola silenzio. Una parola detta in silenzio che riconduca il più vicino possibile alle spoglie di quella lingua; tanto vicina da mostrarne l’unicità, da rivelarne le pause e le scansioni che la definiscono in proprio rispetto ad ogni altra. In tal senso, si potrebbe affermare che ogni lingua è materna nel modo in cui trova ritmo e misura rispetto a quanto non può dire. Al silenzio in cui tace (e muore) e su cui si articola, parla ed è messa in funzione. La lingua compie un’azione. Nella poesia di Celan è indicata dal termine Spruch. Gesto, come propongo di tradurre: attività e sospensione allo stesso tempo. Il gesto dà corso all’azione e la lascia in sospeso, non la conclude. Solo così può mostrare che la lingua c’è ed è materna. E che, in fine, le parole di questa non sono che ‘puri gesti’ – Unworten, come li chiama Celan. Testimoni veridici di qualcosa che c’è perché non c’è più.

Qihui Yang, Caterina Scoglio, Don Gruenbacher

In today's global economy, supply chain (SC) entities have become increasingly interconnected with demand and supply relationships due to the need for strategic outsourcing. Such interdependence among firms not only increases efficiency but also creates more vulnerabilities in the system. Natural and human-made disasters such as floods and transport accidents may halt operations and lead to economic losses. Due to the interdependence among firms, the adverse effects of any disruption can be amplified and spread throughout the systems. This paper aims at studying the robustness of SC networks against cascading failures. Considering the upper and lower bound load constraints, i.e., inventory and cost, we examine the fraction of failed entities under load decrease and load fluctuation scenarios. The simulation results obtained from synthetic networks and a European supply chain network [1] both confirm that the recovery strategies of surplus inventory and backup suppliers often adopted in actual SCs can enhance the system robustness, compared with the system without the recovery process. In addition, the system is relatively robust against load fluctuations but is more fragile to demand shocks. For the underload-driven model without the recovery process, we found an occurrence of a discontinuous phase transition. Differently from other systems studied under overload cascading failures, this system is more robust for power-law distributions than uniform distributions of the lower bound parameter for the studied scenarios.

Toni Marino

Con la dicitura “revisionismo cognitivo”, intendo un processo di rilettura della storia culturale alla luce delle recenti acquisizioni degli studi cognitivi, sia metodologiche che conoscitive. Una carica revisionistica è presente nella maggior parte degli orientamenti cognitivi, soprattutto quelli connessi con gli studi narrativi o più specificamente letterari, tesa sia a integrare le conoscenze pregresse mostrando lati nuovi della storia culturale e del potenziale comunicativo della letteratura, sia a smascherare atteggiamenti della critica ritenuti fallaci alla luce delle nuove conoscenze. Nel presente lavoro metto a confronto il revisionismo storico e quello cognitivo rispetto allo studio del neorealismo novecentesco dell’Italia meridionale. Nella prima parte illustro il caso studio: la critica agli intellettuali che orbitavano intorno alla rivista «Sud» nel capitolo finale di Il mare non bagna Napoli. Nella seconda parte, descrivo l’operazione di revisionismo storico realizzata con la pubblicazione delle lettere di Anna Maria Ortese a Pasquale Prunas, direttore della rivista, e descrivo la stretta relazione tra la poetica di Ortese e quella di «Sud» alla luce di in confronto col realismo socialista proposto dal PCI. Nella terza parte, propongo un approccio revisionistico di tipo cognitivo, utilizzando come premessa generale l’ipotesi secondo la quale la lettura di narrativa incrementa la ToM (Hutto, Zunshine, Kidd-Castano), e analizzando il realismo visionario di Ortese sulla base degli indici di coinvolgimento fisico del narratore nell’ambiente, sulla scorta della teoria conosciuta come embodied mind. Lo studio condotto mette in evidenza alcuni limiti del revisionismo storico, e della literary politics, nella valutazione del realismo come pratica politica, ed enfatizza il ruolo che le metodologie cognitive possono svolgere nel processo revisionistico dei materiali letterari, grazie alla loro capacità di analizzare la poetica indipendentemente dalle intenzioni comunicative dichiarate o apparenti.   With the term "cognitive revisionism", I mean a process of re-reading cultural history in light of recent acquisitions of cognitive studies. A revisionist approach is present in most cognitive schools, especially those related to narrative or more specifically literary studies, aimed to integrating past knowledge by showing new sides in cultural history, as well as by exposing critical attitudes considered fallacious in the light of new knowledge. In this paper, I compare historical and cognitive revisionism in the study of the neorealism in the twentieth century of southern Italy. In the first part I illustrate the case study: criticism of intellectuals who orbited around the magazine "South" by Anna Maria Ortese. In the second part, I describe the operation of historic revisionism made with the publication of the letters by Anna Maria Ortese to Pasquale Prunas, editor of the magazine, and describe the close relationship between Ortese's poetry and that of "South", in the light of comparison With the socialist realism proposed by the PCI. In the third part, I propose a cognitive revisionistic approach, using hypothesis of relation between reading and increasing of ToM (Hutto, Zunshine, Kidd-Castano) as a premise, and analyzing the visionary realism of Ortese on the basis of the physical involvement of the narrator in the environment (embodied mind). The study underlined some limitations of historical revisionism and literary politics in evaluating realism as a political practice, and emphasizes the role that cognitive methodologies can play in the revisionist process of literary materials, thanks to their ability to analyze poetics without taking into account the declared or apparent communication intentions.

Miquel Edo

Nel bivio tra domestication e foreignization è in corso un processo in cui la seconda strada prende sempre di più il sopravvento. Contro questa linea di tendenza, vengono qui sviluppate alcune argomentazioni favorevoli alla domestication in traduzione teatrale. Più specificamente, si prende Sotto paga! Non si paga!, di Dario Fo, a campione di una tipologia testuale ben precisa: quella delle opere contraddistinte, da una parte, da una forte intenzionalità politica e, dall’altra, da un notevole numero di riferimenti culturali esclusivi della cultura di partenza italiana. Al di là delle particolarità del sottogenere politico vengono comunque addotti, a difesa della modalità addomesticante, anche alcuni tratti definitori di tutto il macrogenere drammatico, tra cui l’immediatezza sia temporale che spaziale.   In the conflict between domestication and foreignization as approaches to a translation we have been witnessinga process in which the latter is increasingly gaining strength. In opposition to this tendency, this article presents arguments favouring domestication when translating theatre plays. In particular it concentrates on Dario Fo’s Can’t Pay? Won’t Pay!as an example of a specific text type: plays in which there is a strong political intent and in which there are a number of cultural references, both social and political, that are exclusive to the source culture of the work under scrutiny, in this case Italian. Going beyond the particularities of the political subgenre, some defining features of the entire dramatic macro-genre, including temporal and spatial immediacy, are also used in defence of domestication.

Zhou Xing, Fei Xiao

Predictions of driver's intentions and their behaviors using the road is of great importance for planning and decision making processes of autonomous driving vehicles. In particular, relatively short-term driving intentions are the fundamental units that constitute more sophisticated driving goals, behaviors, such as overtaking the slow vehicle in front, exit or merge onto a high way, etc. While it is not uncommon that most of the time human driver can rationalize, in advance, various on-road behaviors, intentions, as well as the associated risks, aggressiveness, reciprocity characteristics, etc., such reasoning skills can be challenging and difficult for an autonomous driving system to learn. In this article, we demonstrate a disciplined methodology that can be used to build and train a predictive drive system, therefore to learn the on-road characteristics aforementioned.

Dan Irving

This article proposes that Iser’s work on gaps and blanks, as well as recent enactivist-inspired cognitive-narratological extensions of Iser’s work, can enlighten an under-theorized genre of experimental narrative, microfiction, typically identified as stories under 300 words (though often considerably shorter). The extreme brevity of microfiction results in stories that are similar, to a degree, to short stories, though experientially quite different; in the most thorough narratological treatment, William Nelles (2012) makes the case for a generic distinction between microfiction and the traditional short story. As I have argued elsewhere (Author 2016), borderline-narrative texts (microfiction included) make for oddly compelling reading experiences, largely due to the increased degree of reader participation necessary in narrativization. A main point of investigation here is as follows: while there is general agreement that Iser at least somewhat underestimates the extent to which narratives are perpetually fraught with gaps to be filled in by readers, there is still arguably a noticeably greater gap-per-capita (in a manner of speaking) in microfiction set against higher-narrativity texts; readers need to do more, in other words, to narrativize the typical piece of microfiction. Further, the extreme brevity of microfiction potentially affords readers a uniquely full experience of perceptual presence over the course of the micro-story.