Hasil untuk "Management of special enterprises"

Yuliia Okhota, Svitlana Dotsiuk

The purpose of the article is to identify and scientifically substantiate the main directions of increasing the competitiveness of agro-industrial enterprises based on an adaptive mechanism for responding to changes in the operating environment, which will ensure their stability, efficiency and ability to long-term development in the face of modern challenges. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study, aimed at revealing and substantiating the problem of increasing the competitiveness of agro-industrial enterprises in the face of adaptive response to changes in the operating environment, is a set of general and special scientific methods. In particular, the monographic method was used – for in-depth study of the essence of the problem; logical-theoretical – for the formation of conceptual approaches; statistical and economic-mathematical – for quantitative analysis of trends and relationships; visualization methods – for a visual display of the results obtained; systems analysis - for a comprehensive assessment of influencing factors; logical generalization and abstraction - for the formation of conclusions and proposals. The information base for the study was official materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, statistical yearbooks, as well as scientific publications and analytical developments of domestic and foreign scientists on the relevant topic. The results of the study showed that during 2020-2024, most enterprises in agriculture make a profit, and only a smaller number of enterprises have a loss from their activities. However, in 2022, the percentage of enterprises that have a loss increased from 11.3% to 21.5% compared to 2021. An analysis of the dynamics of the number of employed and hired workers at enterprises in agriculture in Ukraine for 2020-2024 allows us to conclude that there is a clear trend towards a reduction in the workforce during most of the analyzed period, with a further sign of stabilization at the final stage. It was also found that agricultural losses in the two years after the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of Ukraine reached 10.3 billion USD. Thus, in the face of such challenges, taking into account the results obtained, the authors proposed a number of directions that contribute to increasing the competitiveness of agro-industrial complex enterprises based on an adaptive mechanism. Practical implications. The authors identified a set of factors that influence the formation of the goals of the functioning of agribusiness enterprises, and the basic components of the adaptive mechanism for responding to changes in the environment of the functioning of agrarian enterprises with the characteristics of each component. It was suggested that agricultural producers also consider the goal of “ensuring and increasing their competitiveness” as the basis along with the goal of “obtaining profit”, and also substantiated the need to implement an adaptive mechanism by agricultural formations. In order to study changes in the environment of the functioning of the agricultural sector, a number of relevant indicators were analyzed, in particular, the economic efficiency of agricultural enterprises; the number of employed and hired workers at enterprises in agriculture; losses by category caused to agriculture after a full-scale invasion, etc. Based on the analysis, the authors formed the appropriate conclusions, on the basis of which factors were identified that influence the competitiveness of agribusiness enterprises. In particular, martial law and existing state support programs for agricultural producers were examined in more detail among these factors. Value / originality. The value of the research is that, taking into account the negative impact of the war on the functioning of agricultural enterprises and the preservation of their competitiveness, the authors, in addition to the main areas of increasing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises based on the adaptive mechanism, separately listed areas of creating competitive advantages for these enterprises in the post-war recovery. In particular, such areas are: modernization and technological progress, product diversification, development of cooperation and agricultural associations, development of human capital, technologization of management and digitalization of agribusiness, sustainable resource management.

Tianyi REN, Chuanbo HONG, Yinglin WANG

ObjectiveThe volunteer service management system is considered to be an important way to achieve the vision and goals of national parks. However, the current volunteer service management system for national parks in China has not yet been established. The United Kingdom (“UK”), with its well-developed and mature volunteer service management system under the management of the National Parks Authority (NPA) and related partners, provides an exemplary model for the establishment of the volunteer service management system for national parks. In the UK, over 5,000 volunteers actively provide volunteer services in various national parks annually, aiding the NPA in conserving natural and cultural heritage and improving visitor experience. This research aims to critically analyze and summarize the core characteristics of the UK’s volunteer service management system for national parks, so as to offer insights and references for China’s ongoing efforts in establishing its own volunteer service management system for national parks.MethodsThis research takes 14 national parks in the UK as the research object, collects the official data and literature on national parks in the UK and systematically sorts out special management contents such as management documents, management agencies, and management funds through text analysis. Then the research summarizes the characteristics of volunteer service management in each national park and combines similar characteristics, based on which the characteristics of the universal volunteer service management system for national parks in the UK are finally summarized. Meanwhile, on the basis of literature review, this research searches relevant official data on the first batch of national parks announced in China, analyzes such contents as management documents, activity management, and personnel recruitment management, and compares the same horizontally with the volunteer service management system for national parks in the UK so as to analyze the shortcomings of the volunteer service management system for national parks in China and put forward corresponding suggestions.ResultsThe research finds that the 14 national parks in the UK have sound volunteer service management policies, management system structures and volunteer recruitment websites, as well as open and transparent volunteer screening mechanisms and volunteer feedback channels. In addition, most of the national parks have public data on the management of volunteer service funds, and a small number of national parks have public statistics on the number of volunteers and the total number of volunteer hours per year. The relevant data are further sorted out, and the characteristics of the management system are summarized from three aspects: Management system architecture, volunteer recruitment and management, and volunteer service content management. First, under The Environment Act, the UK’s national parks are established to protect natural beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage, and to promote public understanding and appreciation of the special qualities of national parks. Therefore, in order to promote full multi-stakeholder cooperation and public participation, the management of volunteer service in the UK’s national parks is based on a partnership system, which includes the following three aspects. 1) Preparation of long-term and short-term management policy documents; 2) open and transparent management of partner funds; 3) clear division of partner management responsibilities. Second, in order to realize the public welfare of national parks, the volunteer service management system has set up a wide range of volunteer participation methods, which are embodied in the following two aspects. 1) Publicly available volunteer recruitment information; 2) classified recruitment and management method that cover a wide range of volunteers. Third, in order to strengthen the sense of gain of volunteers, the UK’s volunteer service management system for national parks has set up a variety of ways to facilitate in-depth participation of volunteers, which is embodied in the following three aspects. 1) Rich and diverse volunteer activities; 2) professional and comprehensive volunteer training; 3) open encouragement aiming to promote volunteers to share their feelings.ConclusionThere are still deficiencies in the management of volunteer service in China’s national parks in terms of the preparation of relevant management documents, the setting of fund management methods, and the management of personnel recruitment. However, in essence, the root cause of the above-mentioned management deficiencies is insufficient understanding of the core positioning of volunteer service as an important carrier of the national public welfare attributes of national parks. Therefore, relevant management agencies must recognize that the volunteer service in China’s national parks is of a public welfare nature, so no enterprises, institutions, or individuals related to the volunteer service management system shall have selfish intentions or seek personal gain in the management process. This is the basic premise for the establishment of the volunteer service management system for national parks in China. Only by deepening the above understanding can the establishment of the volunteer service management system for national parks in China be effectively implemented. On this basis, this research puts forward the following suggestions in combination with specific practice. 1) Establish a flexible, effective, transparent and open management system with clear division of labor. 2) Expand the scope of volunteers in national parks through multiple ways. 3) Further deepen the setting and supporting management of volunteer service content to enhance the sense of gain of volunteers providing volunteer services.

Yuliia Ohrenych, Oleksandr Cherep, Iryna Dashko

The purpose of this article is to study and identify groups of principles of ensuring socio-economic security under the conditions of digitalization; the formation of ways of ensuring socio-economic security of enterprises as a prerequisite for increasing competitiveness. The analysis of the approaches of scientists to determining the principles of ensuring social and economic security of enterprises is set forth in the article; a group of principles of ensuring socio-economic security as a prerequisite for the formation of competitive advantages of Ukrainian enterprises is specified; the emphasis is laid on threats to the socio-economic security of enterprises; arrangements to ensure socio-economic security of enterprises are worked out. Methodology. In the article, general scientific methods that allowed achieving the set goal and the formed tasks are used, among them: theoretical generalization; abstract-logical; comparison; grouping; systematization ones. The application of theoretical generalization and comparison methods has afforded the opportunity to analyze, consider, and determine the special aspects of existing approaches of scientists to the formation of principles of social and economic security of enterprises, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of their use at enterprises. The grouping method and the abstract-logical method give an option of singling out a group of principles for ensuring social and economic security and determine the impact of security on the competitiveness of enterprises. On the basis reasoning from the systematization of the results obtained, threats to the social and economic security of enterprises were identified, and arrangements to ensure it were formed. Results. It was established that ensuring social and economic security at enterprises plays an important role, as it affects the stability of economic activity, the efficiency of functioning, development areas, personnel policy, employee motivation and, accordingly, allows the formation of competitive advantages. The results of the study proved that social and economic security contributes to the growth of competitiveness, the protection of the enterprise from threats of the market environment. It was determined that there is a need for ensuring social and economic security at enterprises, which requires the introduction of appropriate means. The necessity of using a certain group of principles for ensuring socio-economic security has been proven, which play an important role in forming the desired level of security, which, in its turn, impacts the adaptation of the enterprise to risks, the external environment, ensures sustainable functioning, and the formation of competitive advantages. Threats to the socio-economic security of the enterprise have been identified and arrangements have been developed to increase it. Practical impacts. Compliance with the principles of ensuring socio-economic security at enterprises makes it possible to manage risks, quickly identify threats, adapt to digital transformations, changes, ensure stability and transparency of the labor market, and also contribute to the formation of a safety-related business in terms of supporting sustainable development goals. For another thing, forming socio-economic security on the grounds of observance of the formed group of principles contributes to effective management, growth in performance indicators. Value / originality. A group of principles for ensuring socio-economic security has been formed in the paper, threats to the security of the enterprise has been identified. Recommendations have been developed for ensuring socio-economic security, which will contribute to increasing competitiveness. Giving consideration to the proposed group of principles is the basis for the formation of socio-economic security, successful use of systems, mechanisms, risk management, identification of threats, adaptation to market changes.

Angelia Setya Lukita, Shoffan Maulana, Aflahah Ramadhani Nidia Saputri et al.

This paper analyzes the impact of the Sidoarjo Governments in fostering Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kampung Logam, Desa Ngingas, Waru, Sidoarjo using the Local Economic Development (LED) framework during the Covid-19 pandemic. Researchers discovered problems delegating tasks within the Department of Industry and Trade where overlapping functions across the industrial area, particularly Ngingas, impede MSME growth. Data were acquired through observations, document analysis, and in-depth interviews utilizing a descriptive qualitative methodology in Sidoarjo and Ngingas Village. Research demonstrates that although policies regarding privatization, demand generation, new firm formation, and transformation methods beneficially impact MSME growth, substantial enhancements in programming are required. This encompasses enhancing industrial technical services, fortifying workforce development, and establishing resilient long-term investment plans to guarantee sustainable growth for MSMEs.

Laela Kodriyah, Harmanda Berima Putra

This research aims to examine the influence of memorable culinary tourism experiences on revisit intention directly and indirectly through the mediating role of place identity. The research method used is a quantitative method. A sample of 162 people was obtained through the use of a purposive sampling method which took into account certain characteristics in the collection process. The data collection technique in this research is a questionnaire in the form of a Google Form. data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling Smart PLS. The results showed that a memorable culinary tourism experience has been proven to have a positive influence on place identity, however, place identity has not been proven to have a positive influence on revisit intention and there is no proven mediating role for place identity.

Jincheng Zhang

In today's society, car sales have become a challenge for every car company and salesperson. How to sell well produced cars? Nowadays, major car brand manufacturers are engaged in price wars, lowering prices to seek small profits and high sales. From the beginning of the 21st century until now, fuel powered vehicles have dominated the market. With the development of technology and social progress, people are paying more and more attention to environmental protection. Therefore, compared to traditional fuel powered vehicles, new energy vehicles have become a development trend in the global automotive industry. For the global environmental situation, it is necessary to take effective measures to prevent the worsening of environmental pollution. However, for traditional fuel vehicles that have been continuously developed for over a century, it is naturally impossible to give up. At the same time, the research and development and promotion of new energy vehicles are also imperative, only in this way can this paper ensure the development of new energy vehicles while traditional fuel vehicle enterprises are developing.

Lian Agustina Setiyaningsih, Priyo Dari Molyo, Sulfani Sulfani

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan eksplotasi perempuan dalam komunikasi pemasaran oleh wirausahawan baru dalam membentuk brand awareness melalui media sosial yang lebih peka terhadap isu-isu gender. Media sosial telah menjadi platform penting dalam komunikasi pemasaran yang memungkinkan interaksi dengan pelanggan, membangun dan menciptakan kesadaran merk. Namun, fenomena eksplotasi perempuan dalam strategi pemasaran media sosial memperkuat stereotip gender dan mengabaikan isu penting yang mempengaruhi perempuan. Studi ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan menganalisis 63 artikel jurnal untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang eksplotasi perempuan dalam komunikasi pemasaran dan pentingnya strategi wirausaha yang melek gender dalam membentuk brand awareness media sosial. Dalam kajian ini, ditemukan bahwa wirausahawan pemula harus mengadopsi strategi yang melek gender dalam membentuk brand awareness melalui media sosial, dengan melibatkan penggunaan bahasa yang inklusif, penghapusan stereotip gender dalam konten, serta dukungan terhadap kesetaraan gender dan keberagaman dalam komunikasi bisnis. Kemudian lingkungan bisnis dapat menjadi lebih inklusif, setara, dan adil tanpa memperkuat stereotip dan diskriminasi gender. Kata Kunci: Eksplotasi Perempuan, Media Sosial, Wirausahan Pemula, Brand Awareness  

Ameneh Yahyavi Dizaj, Khadijeh Javan, Shahriar Khaledi et al.

IntroductionToday, one of the biggest challenges for mankind is the lack of water resources in the world. This is one of the limiting factors for agricultural development in Iran in recent years. Identifying and estimating reference evapotranspiration (ET0) can help make decisions to plan and mitigate the use of water resources and appropriate management methods in the country. Thus, one of the ways to reduce water losses in the fields is good irrigation planning, which is based on accurate estimation of the water requirements of plants and ET0. The aim of this research is to evaluate the ET0 changes using temperature and radiation methods, statistical tests such as Man-Kendall, Sen’s slope analysis in Iran over the last decades. Material and MethodsIn the current research, primary evaluation of data, such as sorting, etc., was conducted in the desired ET0 calculation format. For the classification of weather station climate, annual precipitation and temperature data from 1976 to 2020 were used. To estimate ET0, maximum temperature (°C), minimum temperature (°C), average relative humidity (%), wind speed (m/s), and sunshine hour (h) were used on a monthly time scale. The Koppen-Geiger climate classification method was used to classify the meteorological stations studied. For estimating monthly and annual ET0, the methods such as FAO Penman-Monteith (FAO PM), Hargreaves-Samani (H-S), and Priestley Taylor (PT) were used. Then, an attempt was made to introduce the appropriate model for each climate by using the results of ET0 estimation using RMSE and MAE. ET0 maps were produced with more accuracy based on the results of the RMSE. Among different geostatistical interpolation methods, the Kriging method worked better than the other methods, which was used as the superior interpolation method. The Mann-Kendall non-parametric test was used to detect the trend of time series. To examine the trend slope in the ET0 time series, the  non-parametric Sen's slope method was used. For qualitative analysis of the ET0 trend, the innovative ITA trend was used for all three methods on a yearly basis Results and DiscussionIn this research, the station climate classification results show that climate varieties in Iran are high and can be divided into seven different climates. According to the RMSE and MAE statistical evaluations, the H-S method in semi-desert climates, dry and cold steppe, dry desert, temperate with dry summers, very hot semi-desert and snowy climates; and PT method in dry desert climates, moderate with dry summers, semi-desert, and very hot semi-desert were recognized as superior methods. In the temperate and rainy climate zone of Bandar Anzali, the H-S, and in Rasht, the PT methods were evaluated as suitable methods. Based on the monthly ET0 estimation, the amount of ET0 is significantly reduced in the northwestern, western and northeastern regions during the winter season. In winter, ET0 decreases as a result of increased air moisture. In the spring season, the amount of ET0 declined in the northern latitudes. The onset of convective spring rains in the northern latitudes of the country is one of the reasons behind this reduction in ET0 in these areas. During the summer season, regions in the upper latitudes have a lower ET0 because of their lower temperature than southern latitudes. In the autumn, there is a lower ET0 in the northern latitudes than in the southern regions of the country. Trend analysis shows that with the exception of the Arak station with an ET0 downward trend in April, most ET0 time series have a positive trend in the rest of the stations. Sanandaj is the only station that has a downward trend in ET0 in November. An increasing trend is observed in most of the studied stations, but in some other stations such as Arak and Sanandaj, a downward trend in the Reference Evapotranspiration may be observed. Finally, the results of the Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) showed an upward trend in the amount of ET0 in both high and low areas in all seasons. This shows the increase of the long-term ET0 trend, indicating the increase in water requirements for plants in Iran. In the present study, climatic data from 40 stations from 1976 to 2020 were used to estimate ET0 in Iran. The Koppen- Geiger method was also used to classify the weather stations into the seven climates classes. The FAO PM, H-S, and PT models were used to estimate monthly and annually ET0. To choose the appropriate method of estimating ET0 in each climate zones; the H-S and PT methods were compared with the FAO PM method, and validated using RMSE and MAE statistics. Due to the involvement of various processes in ET0 changes, the best estimation method differs between stations. In this research, the H-S method was more compatible than the PT method at most of the stations.  Results have been presented as monthly and annual zoning maps. The zoning results of the three ET0 calculation methods mentioned showed that changes in climatic elements in different regions and periods have different effects on the ET0 value. The trend in ET0 changes using the Mann-Kendall test showed that the ET0 data at most stations have an increasing slope. Only two stations (Arak representing the top stations and Sanandaj representing the bottom station) have a decreasing slope. Based on the results of the ET0 time series analysis using ITA, the ET0 trend increased at all stations representative of the high and low elevation zones. Overall results show that TE0 has increased in most parts of the country, resulting in increased water requirements for plants. In the absence of effective management, Iran will face a serious water crisis in the future.

Parisa Kamali, Mahdi Tazeh, Saeideh Kalantari et al.

Dust is one of the most important atmospheric phenomena, which has attracted the attention of many scientists as an emergent phenomenon. Current research has studied trend of the number of dust days and its relation to climatic parameters and vegetation index from 2005 to 2017 in the Yazd-Ardakan plain. The DSI was computed for the two meteorological stations at Yazd and Meybod. By classifying the two Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images, the land form/cover maps, including agricultural lands, urban, mantled pediments, covered pediment and erg have been prepared. The NDVI layer was then computed in two classes for the Landsat 7 and 8 satellites. The class area was calculated for all levels of the region and also within two buffers of 10 and 20 km at the center of stations Yazd and Meybod. The relationship between the climatic parameters, including annual average temperature, annual average precipitation and annual average relative humidity, was then calculated. Finally, the relationship between dust index and land form types, NDVI layer and climatic parameters has been investigated. The results showed that the relationship between the DSI and the erg type is direct, but there is an inverse relation with the mantled pediments, covered pediment and agricultural land. Based on the results obtained, urban lands have little effect on the dust storm index. By comparing the DSI with the NDVI, with the increase in the region's dust storm index, the NDVI values for all levels decreased. By comparing the DSI with the climatic parameters, with the decrease in annual average precipitation and relative humidity and the increase in annual average temperature, the dust Storm index increased.

Shiwen Ma

Strengthening enterprise capital operation budget is the basic requirement of China's socialist market economic system, and also the need of the development of the times. In the process of the company 's growth, budget management is an inseparable part. Doing a good job in the company 's capital budget can effectively ensure the effectiveness of its decision-making, maximize the utilization efficiency of operating costs, and then contribute to the company 's sustainable operation. With the continuous growth of China 's national economy, the budget system of China's state-owned capital and private enterprises is becoming more and more perfect. Based on the basic definition of China 's state-owned capital operation and private enterprise capital budget, this paper studies the problems faced in the capital budget system and management mechanism, and on this basis, puts forward the application of strengthening the market mechanism in the construction process of China's private enterprise capital budget system and management mechanism, emphasizing the reform of enterprise management concept and improving enterprise management ability. Finally, combined with the background of the new coronavirus epidemic, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for the optimization of enterprise financing channels and capital budget.

Anna Bartkowiak, Piotr Bartkowiak, Grzegorz Kinelski

Currently, one of the main directions of agricultural development in Poland is the pursuit of sustainable development, rational management of material resources, and striving for energy self-sufficiency, while maintaining low greenhouse gas emissions. It is an alternative to constantly supported coal solutions. Sustainable development in the sense of processes taking place in enterprises affects many key areas of their activity. One of them is the measurement of efficiency, another is the compatibility with nature and the environment, and the perception of humans and their role. Measures of enterprises’ effectiveness should be considered in relation to the objectives of the enterprise. Biorefineries play a special role in shaping the new energy reality, being a system that connects various devices and biomass conversion processes to produce energy, fuel, and other valuable products. The essence of the functioning of biorefineries is as value chains; that is, a series of interrelated activities of specific importance and market value. The study aims to identify the determinants and efficiency of value chains in agricultural biorefineries according to the concept of sustainable development and the use of biomass resources in biorefining processes. Identifying and analyzing individual stages allows one to demonstrate the effectiveness of the implementation of technology using renewable energy sources, according to the concept of sustainable development and the implementation of the direction of the circular economy.

Jan Engberg, Carmen Daniela Maier

This article is part of an on-going research project dedicated to enhancing our understanding of domain-specific knowledge communication across various multiliterate communities, semiotic modes and media contexts. The focus of the present analytical endeavour is on the dissemination of knowledge of academics from the domain of business and management to professionals and other non-academic communicative partners in the context of the <i>Harvard Business Review</i> journal. The central empirical material is constituted by a cluster of videos selected from the Facebook context of the journal whose intention is to function as a bridge between academia and enterprises. For this bridging effort, a number of video genres which are not traditionally used for scientific knowledge communication in academic contexts (e.g., Quick Study, Explainers, Tips & Ideas, etc.) are employed. Furthermore, in accordance with the Facebook context, the videos are accompanied by users’ commentaries that evaluate the knowledge provided or/and contribute to communicating and co-constructing new knowledge. Finally, we include the articles, books and special issues to which the videos refer in the empirical study. This hybrid knowledge-communication setting is studied from a multimodal perspective in order to address the new ways in which semiotic modes and sub-modes enter into a meaning-making interplay at the level of each video and when users comment on the respective videos. The main analytical tools are the concepts of knowledge expansion and knowledge enhancement that characterize the interaction of modes in the knowledge-building process. Across the video genres that have been investigated, we see a tendency towards engaging users of the videos through diminishing the distance to the viewers. As a consequence, the videos have a high number of views, but at the same time there are few comments and hardly any comments engaging in mutual knowledge building. This paradox is discussed in more detail in the concluding section.

Gad Datak, Ester Inung Sylvia

Heni Hirawati, Yacobo P Sijabat, Axel Giovanni

Micro-enterprises have a significant role in the country’s economy. However, business owners must face various problems to develop their business. One of the problems is the limited funding for micro-enterprises due to the low financial literacy of business owners. In addition, the business owner’s tolerance for risk is also expected to affect the financial management of micro-enterprises. This study aims to determine the level of financial literacy and tolerance of business owners and the financial management of micro-enterprises. This research method uses a questionnaire distributed to micro-enterprise owners in Central Java Province and Yogyakarta Special Region. The results showed that the level of financial literacy of micro-enterprise owners was in the medium category. Micro-enterprise owners have a neutral attitude towards risk and are not individuals who dare to take risks but do not avoid risk. Financial management carried out by business owners is still in the poor category. Improvement of financial literacy, understanding of risks, and financial management of micro-enterprises still need to be done.

Mahdi Mosayebian rizi, Samane Mosayebi

The most important purpose of the present research is to investigate the role of creative tourism in increasing social participation of the Dardasht Neighborhood . For analysis of data, quantitative method and statistical tests were accomplished using SPSS and structural equation in the PLS software. The result of the measurement of the creative tourism impact in increasing social participation of Dardasht Neighborhood residents demonstrate that, with the development of creative urban tourism, the index of initiation and innovation scored the Beta level of -0.188, resilience-adaptation and reception scored a Beta level of -0/214, leadership and management with scored a beta level of 0/022, risk ability with a Beta level of -0/154 and social capital scored a Beta level of 0/431. Therefore it has different impacts in the Isfahan’s Dardasht neighborhood regarding increasing social participation of citizens in financial contribution fields, Mental-Spiritual involvement, physical association, political partaking and finally Instrumental participation.

Zohreh Rafieemajoomerd, Mohammad Rahimi, Shima Nikoo et al.

Land use and land cover (LULC) is one of the most important factors that affect the desertification risk in this study, the desertification sensitivity of the Mokhtaran basin in South Khorasan province was estimated by integrating LU/LC scenarios with the MEDALUS environmentally sensitive areas (ESAs) model to predict the desertification risk. The four main MEDALUS criteria including soil, climate, vegetation, and management were examined to assess the sensitive areas to the desertification. Land use maps were categorized using the Landsat satellite imageries of TM, ETM+, and OLI sensors for 1987, 1998, 2003 as a past scenario, and 2015 as a current scenario. Land use maps for 2025 and 2035 were produced as the future scenario based on the simulation of CA-Markov models. The validation results confirmed the model accuracy by calculating the kappa coefficient of 0.95. The land use map was predicted for the years 2025 and 2035 based on the transition rules and a transition area matrix. The results showed that the rainfed area was reduced by 68.29 km2 and the agricultural land was increased by 25.35 km2 during theperiod. In the protection area of playa-bare lands, the changes showed this area was increased by 26.86 km2. The rangeland has also experienced positive changes with an increase of 18.83 km2. Compared to the current scenario, the desertification trend in the future scenario was positively predicted by increasing the area of critical areas from 30.9% to 48.7% over 20 years. The most susceptible lands to desertification were known as playa-bare lands.

A. O. Ryzhkov

A retrospective analysis of the definition of the term «innovative infrastructure» was carried out. Two conceptual approaches to defining the definition of «innovation infrastructure» - activity and component ones, focusing on various inalienable characteristics of the term under consideration are formalized. The thesis is substantiated that in the context of the digital economy the term «innovation infrastructure» requires rethinking and clarification. In the context of the deep integration of digital and cloud technologies in the structure and functions of the information subsystem of the innovation infrastructure, significant changes occur that require analysis and formalization. An introduction to the scientific background of the term «information and communication system» as a component of the innovation infrastructure, which most accurately identifies its informational aspect, taking into account the requirements of modern socio-economic realities, is proposed. There are three main characteristics that distinguish the information and communication system from the traditional information subsystem of the innovation infrastructure: the focus and stability of the interaction of the subjects within the information and communication systems; increasing the value of the ordered information flows and information services as separate elements of the information and communication system; increasing the value of the cognitive structure of social innovation knowledge within regional information and communication systems. As a key component of the information and communication system are considered information flows arising from the interaction of subjects of innovation. It is proposed to typologize all information flows on the basis of directing impact on five main types: production, knowledge, service, organizational and managerial, integration and diffuse. For visualization of the directing influences of information flows, the article presents the author’s model of the structural organization of information flows within the information and communication system. This model is accompanied by information on its basic elements and principles of operation. The main tasks on the problems of innovative development of information and communication systems are given: strengthening state support for the innovation infrastructure in terms of increasing the financing of R & D of industrial enterprises; centralization of management of regional information and communication systems based on the creation of special information centers; increasing the level of development of access technologies for data processing and storage.

Eugeniy Zabashta

The article studies and analyses the theoretical fundamentals of the formation of the mechanism of the innovative development of entrepreneurship. Today, the global economy is gradually globalizing. No country in the world can avoid its influence on certain spheres of public life. The process of “globalization” affects the development of innovative entrepreneurship. Today, the driving force of the functioning of innovative entrepreneurship in ensuring economic growth is its development and it is one of the main preconditions for the successful functioning of entrepreneurship in various spheres of the economy, an incentive for increasing the efficiency of production. Innovative entrepreneurship is a special innovative process of creating a new, a kind of management, aimed at finding new ideas and opportunities for the commercial use of innovations. Investment and sufficient funding are required for the development of innovative entrepreneurship. It is investigated that the formation of innovative development of entrepreneurship is constantly based on the search for new methods, the general scheme of formation, and the model of innovative development, is based on innovations, new technologies, which involves expanding the boundaries of innovation activity. Innovative entrepreneurship is a process of creating something new, a management process, based on finding new opportunities, an orientation towards innovation. This is associated with the willingness of the entrepreneur to assume the risk of project implementation or improvement of the existing, as well as economic, financial, moral, and social responsibility. Therefore, innovative entrepreneurship is defined as an economic process that leads to the creation of goods (products, services) and technologies, which are best by their properties, through the practical use of innovations. It is analysed that reformation of the economy is a prerequisite that will lead to increasing competitiveness and provide for the renewal of organizational structures in accordance with the best world trends of innovation activity, taking into account the peculiarities of market transformations in the country, and proposes effective measures to improve the efficiency of innovative entrepreneurship development. The level of development of innovative entrepreneurship determines the country’s place in the global space. The low technical level of many sectors of the economy in comparison with industrialized countries (EU, USA) can be overcome only due to the updating of the production base of most enterprises of the country. The development of innovative entrepreneurship in the EU and the USA has become quite successful thanks to individual initiative, creating conditions for the fulfilment of the individual interests of the entrepreneur. Ensuring material wealth, finding appropriate forms of self-expression should represent strong incentives for highly effective work. Therefore, innovative entrepreneurship is considered as the most important tool for the development and transformation of the economic system in terms of modern scientific and technological progress (STP). The use of new types of techniques, management methods, technologies, and organization of production will significantly expand the range, quality, and volume of production, and this will lead to the transformation and reform of the country’s economy. The purpose of the study. The main purpose of the paper is to substantiate and deepen the theoretical and methodological provisions regarding the formation of innovative development of entrepreneurship. The object of the study is the processes that form the innovative development of entrepreneurship. The subject-matter of the research is a set of theoretical fundamentals for improving the formation of innovative development of entrepreneurship. Research methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the modern theories of enterprise management, monographs, publications, and scientific and analytical developments of scientists on the issues of formation of innovative development of entrepreneurship, as well as abstract-logical and graphical methods of research.

I.O. Sinchuk

Purpose. Conduct a cost-target analysis as part of monitoring electricity consumption levels and develop recommendations for a rational strategy for consuming electricity from mining enterprises with underground mining of iron ore. Methodology. The study is based on the use of laws, regularities and categorical apparatus. In the process of scientific research, general scientific methods of research (comparison, generalization, analogy method, structural analysis and synthesis), methods of logical-theoretical analysis, special economic-mathematical methods were used. Findings. The indicators of electricity consumption at iron ore enterprises of the Krivoy Rog region are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the planned and actual energy consumption is carried out. The trend components of electricity consumption indicators at iron ore enterprises of the Krivoy Rog region are highlighted. Dynamics of structural transformation of unit cost of electric energy production at iron ore enterprises of the Krivoy Rog region is determined. Originality. When forming the cost-target component of monitoring the energy consumption levels, it is suggested to use the index methodology in combination with trend models, which will allow to determine the forecast of electricity consumption and realize rational management of power consumption. An index system of structural transformation of the unit cost of electric energy production at mining enterprises of the Krivoy Rog region is proposed. Practical value. Dynamics analysis of the structural transformation of the unit cost of electric power consumption of iron ore enterprises of the Krivoy Rog region is carried out. The system of indices of the unit cost of electricity consumption is defined: the index of the average unit cost of electricity consumption of variable composition; index of unit cost of power consumption of fixed composition; the index of the average unit cost of power consumption of structural shifts. The deterministic component of the time series of electricity consumption for the iron ore enterprises of the Krivoy Rog region was singled out and analyzed. The obtained trend models give grounds for determining the forecast of electricity consumption levels with an appropriate level of reliability. The indicators of electricity consumption levels provide the formation of an information-analytical component of the relevant monitoring. The carried out researches allow to formulate the strategy of electricity consumption at the enterprises of iron ore industry of the Krivoy Rog region. The problems highlighted in the article are closely related to the scientific and practical tasks of rational use and distribution of available energy resources.

Jila Sajadi, Arman moslemi, Roghayeh Samadi

Nowadays, the natural sources as a main ecotourism assets confront withvarious challenges. Thus, evaluation of eco-tourist regions and bio ecologyfunctions in the course of decisions – making and economic policies isaccounted as a most important branches of development and planning of tourismindustry. The recreational region of Rudbar Qasran is one of the ecotourismattractions of Shemiranat division located on Tehran and is accounted as one oftourism destinations. Thus, to study it’s ecotourism value could be effective inpredication of demands and provision of defects as well as in development oftourism.The research method is descriptive and the aim of the present researchis to estimate ecotourism value of Rudbar Qasran via conditional valuation.Through Logit model and binary choice the effect of factors which affectingwillingness of tourists to spend to visit touristic attractions of the region. Thequestionnaire The average willingness to pay by the tourists is about 7100 Rialsfor any household for use of tourism services of Rudbar Qasran and with regardto this level, the average recreational value of services and facilities of givenregion is estimated to 3550 million Rials. Thus, concerning to high value ofgiven region, should be paid more attention to development of tourism andpromotion of visitor’s accommodations by planners.