Hasil untuk "Journalism. The periodical press, etc."

Michael Yin, Robert Xiao, Nadine Wagener

In traditional journaling practices, authors express and process their thoughts by writing them down. We propose a somaesthetic-inspired alternative that uses the human body, rather than written words, as the medium of expression. We coin this embodied journaling, as people's isolated body movements and spoken words become the canvas of reflection. We implemented embodied journaling in virtual reality and conducted a within-subject user study (n=20) to explore the emergent behaviours from the process and to compare its expressive and reflective qualities to those of written journaling. When writing-based norms and affordances were absent, we found that participants defaulted towards unfiltered emotional expression, often forgoing words altogether. Rather, subconscious body motion and paralinguistic acoustic qualities unveiled deeper, sometimes hidden feelings, prompting reflection that happens after emotional expression rather than during it. We discuss both the capabilities and pitfalls of embodied journaling, ultimately challenging the idea that reflection culminates in linguistic reasoning.

Vitor H. Ribeiro, Andre S. Sunahara, Golnaz Shahtahmassebi et al.

Gender disparities in academia manifest and persist in various aspects of the scientific enterprise, yet their influence on the interplay between research productivity and journal prestige remains underexplored. Here we analyze the academic trajectories of over 6,000 elite Brazilian researchers by jointly tracking their annual productivity and the average prestige of the journals in which they publish. By projecting individual career years onto a standardized productivity-prestige plane and applying Bayesian hierarchical modeling, we find that male researchers are more likely to follow productivity-oriented trajectories and are markedly overrepresented in the hyperprolific region of this plane. Female peers, in contrast, more often occupy regions that prioritize journal prestige over publication quantity. Although male researchers publish more throughout their careers, their female counterparts achieve comparable or higher average journal prestige, particularly in later career stages and among outlier individuals. Male researchers also exhibit greater temporal persistence in their productivity and impact levels and are especially averse to simultaneously changing both metrics compared to their female peers. Among non-outliers, productivity and career age have a negative overall impact on the average journal prestige of researchers of both genders, with slightly stronger effects observed among female researchers; however, these patterns vary across disciplines, highlighting the complexity and heterogeneity of academic careers.

Alina GIOROCEANU

In the field of pragmatics, Salvatore Attardo formulated the perlocutionary cooperative principle; the definition of this principle, given by its author, is "to cooperate in whatever goals the speaker may have in initiating a conversational exchange, including any non-linguistic, practical goal". This paper essentially aims to analyse the modality in which this principle, along with the classic Gricean cooperative principle, shapes the judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union. In fact, the article reveals the pragmatic mechanisms used by the Court of Justice in achieving certain legal interpretations, required by the national courts in order to provide practical solutions for specific cases. In this regard, it is important to remember that every case supposes individual ‘needs’ that are nothing else than "practical goals".

Yuliia Ovchar

The study is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the functional characteristics of linguistic and stylistic means of emotional influence that function in the modern political discourse of the information space, forming political narratives to achieve emotional influence on the audience. The relevance of the study is accompanied by modern communication theory, which allows for a deep analysis of the influence of the media on human consciousness and the characteristics of the functional features of linguistic and stylistic means of emotional influence in political discourse. The purpose of the study is to analyze the functional characteristics of linguistic and stylistic means used for emotional influence in political discourse and to determine their role in the formation of public opinion and political behavior. The task of the study is to describe the functional features of the identified linguistic and stylistic means and to determine the contextual factors that determine the effectiveness of the use of various linguistic and stylistic means of emotional influence in political discourse. The study used the following research methods: analysis of scientific literature, content analysis, discourse analysis, and comparative analysis. The globalization of society in the 21st century and the increasing complexity of communication ties have made the issue of the influence of media on humans relevant. In the context of socio-economic and political shifts that break many familiar life stereotypes, the effect of the impact of the mass media on the audience is undesirable. The study contains a comprehensive and systematic approach to the functional characteristics of linguistic and stylistic means of emotional influence in political discourse, since in the context of the growing role of information technologies and media in political life and understanding the mechanisms of emotional influence allows us to critically evaluate political narratives, identify manipulative strategies and promote the development of media literacy in society. The analysis of these means in the context of modern political processes in Ukraine and the world is especially important.

Stefano Grassi

Central bank communication plays a critical role in shaping economic expectations and monetary policy effectiveness. This study applies supervised machine learning techniques to classify the sentiment of press releases from the Bank of Thailand, addressing gaps in research that primarily focus on lexicon-based approaches. My findings show that supervised learning can be an effective method, even with smaller datasets, and serves as a starting point for further automation. However, achieving higher accuracy and better generalization requires a substantial amount of labeled data, which is time-consuming and demands expertise. Using models such as Naïve Bayes, Random Forest and SVM, this study demonstrates the applicability of machine learning for central bank sentiment analysis, with English-language communications from the Thai Central Bank as a case study.

Hideaki Fujiwara

We present a comparative bibliometric analysis of eight astronomy journals over 1996--2024, including \textit{Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan} (PASJ). Using data from Scopus and SciVal, we extract annual indicators of publication activity and scholarly impact, analyze time series, citation distributions, and citation age profiles, and benchmark PASJ within this landscape. The age profiles reveal a characteristic knowledge-use cycle: citations rise over $\sim$2--4 years, approach saturation by $\sim$10--12 years, underscoring limits of short-window impact metrics. Journals published by European and North American astronomical organizations sustain higher impact, whereas PASJ generally lies below the world baseline. In parallel, PASJ shows episodic above-baseline impact through facility- or mission-driven special issues and features that, given the journal's modest annual volume, can materially shift year-level metrics. These patterns point to two potential avenues for PASJ: well-timed, thoughtfully organized special issues and features that highlight high-impact results, and continued strengthening of international collaboration.

Ogemdi Uchenna Eze

This study examined the knowledge and use of the 2011 Freedom of Information Act among journalists in Nigeria. The hierarchy of influences model provided the theoretical lens, which guided the study. Through a survey of 313 Nigerian journalists, the study found that there was a high level of knowledge of the Act among Nigerian journalists. Nigerian journalists perceived the Act as a useful journalistic tool, and they often used it for such purposes as confirming facts, writing controversial topics and to gain insight into the inner working of government. The study showed that, in the use of the Act in journalistic duties, Nigerian journalists were confronted with the challenges of non-integration of the provisions of the Act in the operations of government agencies, adversarial disposition of government institutions towards journalists and the pervasive culture of secrecy. The study established that knowledge of the Act positively correlated with its use. The implications of the findings were discussed.

Tianyi Zhang, Shiquan Zhang, Le Fang et al.

Journaling offers significant benefits, including fostering self-reflection, enhancing writing skills, and aiding in mood monitoring. However, many people abandon the practice because traditional journaling is time-consuming, and detailed life events may be overlooked if not recorded promptly. Given that smartphones are the most widely used devices for entertainment, work, and socialization, they present an ideal platform for innovative approaches to journaling. Despite their ubiquity, the potential of using digital phenotyping, a method of unobtrusively collecting data from digital devices to gain insights into psychological and behavioral patterns, for automated journal generation has been largely underexplored. In this study, we propose AutoJournaling, the first-of-its-kind system that automatically generates journals by collecting and analyzing screenshots from smartphones. This system captures life events and corresponding emotions, offering a novel approach to digital phenotyping. We evaluated AutoJournaling by collecting screenshots every 3 seconds from three students over five days, demonstrating its feasibility and accuracy. AutoJournaling is the first framework to utilize seamlessly collected screenshots for journal generation, providing new insights into psychological states through digital phenotyping.

Magdalena Hodalska, Małgorzata Lisowska-Magdziarz, Agnieszka Całek

Celem badań, których wyniki zaprezentowano w artykule, było ustalenie, czy medialne relacje oswajają lęk przed koronawirusem. Interdyscyplinarne badania zespołu psychologów i medioznawców pozwoliły w 2020 roku określić, jakie elementy przekazów medialnych dotyczących epidemii COVID-19 mają największy potencjał lękotwórczy. Badania respondentów (N = 510) wiosną 2020, powtórzone na tej samej grupie badanych w 2021 roku (N = 296), pozwoliły ustalić, jak z upływem czasu zmieniał się poziom lęku związanego z informacjami na temat pandemii. Badaniom respondentów towarzyszyły prowadzone przez medioznawców analizy zawartości przekazów medialnych publikowanych na portalach informacyjnych: rp.pl, onet.pl i gazeta.pl w pierwszych dwóch tygodniach marca, kwietnia i maja 2020 roku oraz w tych samych okresach 2021 roku. W 2020 roku próba badawcza obejmowała 1350 publikacji, zaś w 2021 roku jakościowej i ilościowej analizie poddano 1076 materiałów prasowych. Artykuł prezentuje wyniki porównawczych analiz zawartości oraz badań respondentów prowadzonych podczas pierwszej i trzeciej fali pandemii COVID-19. Wyniki tych badań dowodzą, że mimo upływu czasu oraz mniejszej liczby publikacji dotyczących epidemii, wszystkie przekazy medialne dotyczące COVID-19 stanowiły dla respondentów źródło wysokiego lęku, a medialne przekazy w pierwszym roku pandemii nie przyczyniały się do zmniejszenia tego lęku.   Is the Media Taming the Fear of Coronavirus? Empirical Studies of Media Coverage of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Anxiety of the Media Messages Recipients in the Spring of 2020 and 2021. Comparative Analysis The purpose of the research, the results of which are presented in the article, was to deter-mine whether the media coverage tames the fear of coronavirus. Interdisciplinary research by a team of psychologists and media scholars made it possible in 2020 to determine which elements of media messages about the COVID-19 pandemic cause the most anxiety. A survey (N=510) conducted in Spring 2020, repeated on the same group of respondents in 2021 (N=296), enabled us to determine how the level of anxiety associated with information on the pandemic changed over time. The surveys were accompanied by the content analyses of media messages published on the news portals such as rzeczpospolita.pl, onet.pl and gazeta.pl in the first two weeks of March, April and May 2020 and in the same weeks of March, April and May 2021. In 2020, the research sample included 1350 publications, while in 2021, 1076 articles were analysed through qualitative and quantitative analysis. The article presents the results of comparative content analyses and surveys conducted during the first and third waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies carried out in 2020 and 2021 show that despite the passage of time and fewer publications on the pandemic, all media messages about COVID-19 were a source of high anxiety for the respondents, and the media messages from the first year of the pandemic did not contribute to reducing this anxiety.

Tharindu Kumarage, Amrita Bhattacharjee, Djordje Padejski et al.

The rapid proliferation of AI-generated text online is profoundly reshaping the information landscape. Among various types of AI-generated text, AI-generated news presents a significant threat as it can be a prominent source of misinformation online. While several recent efforts have focused on detecting AI-generated text in general, these methods require enhanced reliability, given concerns about their vulnerability to simple adversarial attacks. Furthermore, due to the eccentricities of news writing, applying these detection methods for AI-generated news can produce false positives, potentially damaging the reputation of news organizations. To address these challenges, we leverage the expertise of an interdisciplinary team to develop a framework, J-Guard, capable of steering existing supervised AI text detectors for detecting AI-generated news while boosting adversarial robustness. By incorporating stylistic cues inspired by the unique journalistic attributes, J-Guard effectively distinguishes between real-world journalism and AI-generated news articles. Our experiments on news articles generated by a vast array of AI models, including ChatGPT (GPT3.5), demonstrate the effectiveness of J-Guard in enhancing detection capabilities while maintaining an average performance decrease of as low as 7% when faced with adversarial attacks.

Wojciech Kułaga

Florin CONSTANTINESCU

In the absence of information provided by stereoscopic vision, based on ocular disparity, in the case of mechanically reproduced image analysis (cinematographic image or photographic image), the visual perception mechanism uses information from the analysis of cast shadows and self-shadows to discriminate, identify and recognize the shapes in the frame. The same type of information is also used by the mechanism of cognitive representation to construct or assign cognitive meanings to the mechanically reproduced image.

Mike Thelwall, Kayvan Kousha, Mahshid Abdoli et al.

The Journal Impact Factor and other indicators that assess the average citation rate of articles in a journal are consulted by many academics and research evaluators, despite initiatives against overreliance on them. Despite this, there is limited evidence about the extent to which journal impact indicators in any field relates to human judgements about the journals or their articles. In response, we compared average citation rates of journals against expert judgements of their articles in all fields of science. We used preliminary quality scores for 96,031 articles published 2014-18 from the UK Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021. We show that whilst there is a positive correlation between expert judgements of article quality and average journal impact in all fields of science, it is very weak in many fields and is never strong. The strength of the correlation varies from 0.11 to 0.43 for the 27 broad fields of Scopus. The highest correlation for the 94 Scopus narrow fields with at least 750 articles was only 0.54, for Infectious Diseases, and there was only one negative correlation, for the mixed category Computer Science (all). The results suggest that the average citation impact of a Scopus-indexed journal is never completely irrelevant to the quality of an article, even though it is never a strong indicator of article quality.

Justyna Arendarska

Natalia Aruguete

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el diálogo político en la red #2x1 en Twitter, que generó un intenso debate virtual con la conformación de narrativas diversas — según la región de la red habitada por los usuarios virtuales — que pugnaron por instalarse como encuadres densos y legítimos al interior de las comunidades en las que circularon fluidamente. El caso estudiado aquí aporta singularidades que lo distinguen de hallazgos previos (Aruguete y Calvo, 2017, 2018; Calvo, 2015) por cuanto pone en discusión los conceptos “burbujas de filtro” (Parisier, 2017) y “cámara de eco” (Barberá, Jost, Nagler, Tucker y Bonneau, 2015; Calvo, 2015) como factores explicativos excluyentes de la conformación de comunidades virtuales, al tiempo que invita a explorar la teoría de la “Propiedad sobre los temas” (Issue Ownership) como una nueva arista desde la cual analizar fenómenos de este tipo.

M Sadik Batcha, Muneer Ahmad

Scientometric analysis of 146 and 59 research articles published in Indian journal of Information Sources and Services (IJISS) and Pakistan Journal of Library and Information Science has been carried out. Seven Volumes of the IJISS containing 14 issues and Seven volumes of PJLIS containing 8 issues from 2011 - 2017 have been taken into consideration for the present study. The number of contributions, authorship pattern & author productivity, average citations, average length of articles, average keywords and collaborative papers has been analyzed. Out of 146 of IJISS contributions, only 39 are single authored and rest by multi authored with degree of collaboration 0.73 and week collaboration among the authors and from 59 contributions of PJLIS only 18 are single authored and rest by multi authored with degree of collaboration 0.69 and week collaboration among the authors. The study revealed that the author productivity is 0.53 (IJISS) and 0.50 (PJLIS) and dominated by the Indian and Pakistani authors.

Žaneta Ozoliņa, Iveta Reinholde

The article looks at ways on how Common Security and Defence Policy of the European Union are contributing to peace and stability in Ukraine. Since 2014, after the Euromaidan and its demands for Europeanization of the country, the EU and other international donors are assisting Ukraine in its modernization efforts. The spread of violent military conflict in Eastern Ukraine required multilateral engagement of strategic partners in transformation of security and defence sectors, as well as active participation in conflict management in the Eastern part of the country. EU was taking part in various initiatives offered by member states, the Community itself, and Ukraine. The article questions whether those instruments, which constitute the essence of CSDP, have been utilized, and how beneficial those efforts were for Ukraine. The article also explores what improvements in the implementation of CSDP could enhance transformation of security sector in Ukraine and what are the main communication channels used to explain the reforms. Cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union was considered in a historical aspect. The authors emphasize that the first mechanisms for cooperation with the former Soviet Union republics were proposed by the European Union in 1994. These are the TACIS (Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States) and the TEMPUS (Trans-European Mobility Programme for University Studies) programmes that Ukraine has used in part. Ukraine’s cooperation with the EU within the framework of the European Union Advisory Mission (EUAM) in Ukraine, the aim of which was facilitating the transformation of the civil security sector, was also considered. The article gives an overview of the tools that the European Union has at its disposal to work with other countries in the civil security sector. The results of the work of the EU in Ukraine after 2014, when the European Union Advisory Mission (EUAM) in Ukraine was launched, are analyzed. A list of issues to consider in the future is given.

László Csató

Journal ranking is becoming more important in assessing the quality of academic research. Several indices have been suggested for this purpose, typically on the basis of a citation graph between the journals. We follow an axiomatic approach and find an impossibility theorem: any self-consistent ranking method, which satisfies a natural monotonicity property, should depend on the level of aggregation. Our result presents a trade-off between two axiomatic properties and reveals a dilemma of aggregation.

Snehanshu Saha, Poulami Sarkar, Archana Mathur et al.

A recent independent study resulted in a ranking system which ranked Astronomy and Computing (ASCOM) much higher than most of the older journals highlighting the niche prominence of the particular journal. We investigate the remarkable ascendancy in reputation of ASCOM by proposing a novel differential equation based modeling. The Modeling is a consequence of knowledge discovery from big data-centric methods, namely L1-SVD. The inadequacy of the ranking method in explaining the reason behind the growth in reputation of ASCOM is reasonable to understand given that the study was post-facto. Thus, we propose a growth model by accounting for the behavior of parameters that contribute to the growth of a field. It is worthwhile to spend some time in analysing the cause and control variables behind rapid rise in reputation of a journal in a niche area. We intent to probe and bring out parameters responsible for its growing influence. Delay differential equations are used to model the change of influence on a journal's status by exploiting the effects of historical data.

Daniel Gonzalez Almandoz

Este trabajo es un esbozo de constitución de una Historia de las Ideas en el Periodismo como línea que parte de los intereses genuinos de este oficio como singularidad al interior de los estudios sobre comunicación. Para ello se considera que el abordaje del periodismo como subdisciplina adolece de insuficiencias y presenta campos de vacancias que derivan de la excesiva dependencia a categorías y miradas de otras disciplinas desde donde se ha trabajado este objeto de estudio; dada la ausencia de modelos teóricos y metodológicos específicos. Aquí se instala nuestra propuesta, con un enfoque que no busca la construcción de cronologías en torno a medios, sino que analiza cómo las estructuras de pensamiento y la cosmovisión de determinados sujetos influyeron en su ejercicio del periodismo, para determinar que aportes realizaron tanto a la práctica como a la reflexión sobre esta actividad.