Hasil untuk "History of the arts"

Manuel Dominguez-Rodrigo, Enrique Baquedano, Abel Moclan et al.

The role of megafaunal exploitation in early human evolution remains debated. Occasional use of large carcasses by early hominins has been considered by some as opportunistic, possibly a fallback dietary strategy, and for others a more important survival strategy. At Olduvai Gorge, evidence for megafaunal butchery is scarce in the Oldowan of Bed I but becomes more frequent and widespread after 1.8 Ma in Bed II, coinciding with the emergence of Acheulean technologies, but not functionally related to the main Acheulian tool types. Here, we present the earliest direct evidence of proboscidean butchery, including a newly documented elephant butchery site (EAK). This shift in behavior is accompanied by larger, more complex occupation sites, signaling a profound ecological and technological transformation. Rather than opportunistic scavenging, these findings suggest a strategic adaptation to megafaunal resources, with implications for early human subsistence and social organization. The ability to systematically exploit large prey represents a unique evolutionary trajectory, with no direct modern analogue, since modern foragers do so only episodically.

Fuat Lebe

The aim of this study is to make a comprehensive evaluation of the funerary stele found in Kekliktepe Necropolis, which bears similarities with the examples from Zeugma. The Kekliktepe Necropolis is located in the Keklik Neighborhood, Nizip District, Gaziantep Province, on 164 block and 1-2 parcels. It is also very close to the Western Necropolis of the Ancient City of Zeugma and is located approximately 600 meters to the west. By analyzing the iconographic and stylistic features of the stele, this research aims to provide insight into its historical context and cultural significance. The stele’s architectural structure, figurative composition and Greek inscription will be analyzed through a comparative analysis with similar examples from Zeugma and the surrounding area. This approach will help to determine the artistic characteristics and possible function of the stele. Among the conclusions of the study is that the funerary stele from Kekliktepe Necropolis shares a common artistic tradition and production style with the Zeugma stelae dating to the first half of the 2nd century AD. In addition, the figures and inscriptions on the stele provide valuable clues to the identity, social status and belief systems of the deceased.

Mohamed MAKKAOUI, Fatima-Zahra HANNOUN, Khalid OUAZIZI et al.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between spirituality at work and employees' psychological well-being in the Moroccan context. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study involved a sample of 1,110 employees, of which 57.8% were men. Data were collected using an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic data, the “Spirituality at Work” scale, and the Psychological Well-being scale. Descriptive statistics and correlational analyses were utilized to analyse the data and investigate the research objectives of interest. Results: Our findings indicated a positive correlation between spirituality at work and well-being at work, with a significant impact indicated by a beta coefficient of 0.635 (p < 0.001). Among the dimensions of workplace spirituality, meaningful work emerged as a key predictor of well-being with a beta coefficient of 0.893. At the same time, a sense of community also showed a strong correlation with well-being at 0.724. The dimension of inner life had a moderate impact, reflected by a beta coefficient of 0.417. In terms of psychological well-being, dimensions such as autonomy (β = 0.363), positive relationships with others (β = 0.421), personal growth (β = 0.534), and purpose in life (β = 0.188) were all significantly associated, though purpose in life had the lowest correlation. Discussion: This study demonstrates that enhancing spirituality at work significantly contributes to employees' psychological well-being. Meaningful work and a strong sense of community are critical components of this relationship. The findings suggest that organizations should institutionalize spiritual values to foster a supportive and productive work environment, ultimately enhancing employee well-being and organizational effectiveness.

AbdAli Al-Khafaf, Rana Jassim

ان دراسة موضوع الجندري او المساواة بين الرجل والمرأة فأن اول ما يهمنا هي التمييز التعليمي الجندري ،حيث يعد التعليم الخطوة على طريق التحرر الفكري والثقافي للإنسان عموما و للمرأة خصوصاً يعدها المربية الاولى في الاسرة ، وان امكانية تعزيز عنصر الاناث في مستويات التعليم المختلفة والتي تكمن فيها بوادر التقدم الثقافي الذي هو في حقيقته التغير نحو الافضل ن وان عملية التنمية والتطوير الاجتماعي و السياسي والثقافي تتأثر بمدى مساهمة المواطنين كلهم دون تمييز ، من خلال الاليات التي يمكن اعتمادها لرفع مكانة المرأة في الاسرة وفي المجتمع وبالتالي تمكينها اقتصاديا واجتماعيا .

امير عبود

يتميز ميناء الفاو الكبير بمجموعة من الخصائص تجعله يكتسب أهمية جيواستراتيجية, لعل أبرز هذه المميزات, تتمثل بموقعه الجغرافي الذي يطل على شمال الخليج العربي, وفائدته الاقتصادية التي لا تعود على العراق فحسب, وإنما على دولاً أخرى في قارتي آسيا وأوروبا, ما ينعكس ذلك على تعزيز موقف العراق سياسياً وأمنياً, نتيجة للترابط في المنفعة ما بينه مع هذه الوحدات الدولية. ومن مخرجات ذلك دخول مشروع الميناء ضمن سياسات الدول الفاعلة على المستوى الدولي والإقليمي, كونه مشروع متكامل يربط قارة آسيا بأوروبا بواسطة القناة الجافة العراقية, وعبر تركيا وسوريا, وسيساهم مشروع الميناء في حال تشغيله في الاقتصاد العراقي بشكل فاعل. وعلى الرغم من وجود تحديات داخلية وخارجية تواجه اتمام مشروع الميناء في التوقيتات المحددة له وفقاً للدراسات الرسمية المعلنة, إلا أن مستقبل الميناء يظهر بشكل واعد, بسبب ضرورته المحلية والدولية.

Erika Grigoravičienė

Dailės kūrinių interpretacijos metodologijai ir teorinėms priei­ goms skirtame straipsnyje svarstoma, kaip remiantis šiuolaikine materia­ listine filosofija, pirmiausia – Bruno Latouro ir Donnos J. Haraway teo­ rijomis, plėtoti įžemintą ir spekuliatyvią kontekstinės interpretacijos versiją. Haraway situatyvaus žinojimo paradigmoje dailės kūrinys būtų simpoetinis bendrininkas, kompanionas, įgalintas kartu mąstyti, kelti ne­ rimą, jungtis į dalinio, įkūnyto ir įvietinto žinojimo tinklus, gedėti, ugdyti atsako galią. Jis ne iliustruoja, o siūlo istorijas, taip pat ir dailės istorijos pasakojimus. Kartais ir ne naujausi dailės kūriniai padeda kartu mąstyti ir Haraway nusakyta prasme – apie rūšių bendrabūvį chtulucene, įvairių padarų giminystę. Aptarus diskursyvias kūrinių emancipacijos, į(si)tinkli­ nimo ir veikmės sąlygas, antroje straipsnio dalyje nagrinėjamas Antano Gudaičio kūrybos atvejis.

Jolanta Młynarczyk

New research in the sacred zone of the Fabrika Hill in Nea Paphos, Cyprus The rocky hillock of Fabrika in the north-eastern most part of ancient Nea Paphos, founded during the late 4th century BC, is of key importance for understanding the early phase of the town planning, but at the same time very difficult to be methodically explored. Both its eminent location and geology made it a natural source of building material throughout the ages, greatly hindering any accurate reconstruction of the site development. However, the data collected so far strongly suggest that the arrangement of the southern part of the hill was of a cultic nature. Therefore, on undertaking a joint project with Université d’Avignon, we decided to focus the research on the southern part of the hill where, near the top of an Early Hellenistic theatre, there are rock-cut outlines of atemple possibly devoted to Aphrodite Paphia. During two seasons of field work (2018-2019), we retrieved some important information regarding both an original Hellenistic arrangement of the sacred area and its later (Late Roman/Byzantine and Medieval) use. Some new observations were also made regarding the topographical details of the area.

Edita Povilaitytė-Leliugienė

This paper presents the architectural heritage research problems and methods in Interwar Vilnius. Due to institutional regulation as well as state law recommendation, architectural heritage research had to be performed before any maintenance (conservation, restoration or adaptation) works, however the quantity and quality of investigations differ from gene- ral cognition (general knowledge of an object’s constructions, architectural details and condition) and inventory made (survey drawings) and analysis of non-intrusive research methods to complex scientific research. The comparative analysis of institutional impact for the investigation and individual practices of researchers reveal much wider contexts of the architectural heritage investigations questions and methods used in Interwar Vilnius.

U. Félix Aminta Espinoza, Ricardo López León, Fernando Plasencia Martínez

El siguiente artículo hace un recorrido de diferentes iniciativas populares realizadas por grupos de mujeres latinoamericanas, que han utilizado la expresión textil como una acción política para resistir a la violencia del Estado, así como a la violencia de género. Sus experiencias se articulan con las características propias del textil y con el concepto de memoria, el cual se considera una herramienta para explicar el pasado, dar sentido al presente y generar estrategias futuras de resiliencia de manera colectiva.

Ezgi Gökçe

Iznik is an important production centre in the history of ceramic art. In the 15th – 16th century, following the establishment of the Ottoman Empire, the name of Iznik became famous throughout the world due to the development of a ceramics production. Iznik ceramics represent an amazing technical innovation in the history of Turkish ceramic art. Combining the Ottoman style with external influences from China, Asia, the Balkans and even Europe, Iznik vessels and tiles reached their peak within the Ottoman ceramic art. The courtʼs patronage stimulated and supported the development of an artistically and technically advanced ceramic industry in Iznik. In this study, the specific production and decoration pecularities of Iznik ceramics that are found in some of the written documents are introduced. Accordingly, it is intended to put forward the change and the transformations which are seen in present-day production and decoration techniques.

Ivair Reinaldim

Introdução ao dossiê

مؤيد الاعرجي

The Arab region was and still is one of the regions in which manifestations of American interest were manifested politically and economically, after the emergence of the United States of America as a strong competitor to the Soviet presence in the Arab region after World War II (1939-1945). The centering of international relations around the two centers of polarization had a great and significant impact on the political conditions of the Arab world. The division of the world into two camps led to an internal Arab division represented by the tendency to embrace one of the two directions. This is on the official level. The new one represented by the Soviet Union and another that supports the capitalist approach, headed by the United States of America, but the dominant character and the broadest step was for capitalism.

Antonio Pizzo

Ryszard Szmydki

The Meuse quarries’ role of the in the rise of baroque architecture in Poland is not yet known to art historians. Unpublished archival documents in Brussels (National Archives) and The Hague (Dutch National Archives) suggest the existence of a genuine supply network of construction materials from Namur, Dinant, Rince and Charlemont to Poland during the reign of Sigismund III Vasa (1566–1632, r. 1587–1632). The black and red marble was ideal for the construction of royal residences in Warsaw and Vilna.

Menković Ljubomir

The Geomorphological Map Sheet Bela Palanka is a graphical representation of landforms in the area covered by the Topographical Map Sheet Bela Palanka at scale 1:100,000. The map is published in 2008 by the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA) and the SASA Geodynamics Board. It is the first detailed geomorphological map edited in Serbia. This paper presents the methods used in preparing the geomorphological map, the contents and the mode of data presentation, geologic structure, genetic types of landforms and the subtypes, and the geomorphological history since the Neogene.

Fernando Checa Cremades

La figura del Marqués del Carpio es una de las principales en el coleccionismo artístico europeo del barroco tardío. Este trabajo analiza parte de las negociaciones llevadas a cabo en Venecia entre 1677 y 1680 para la adquisición de obras de arte, centrándose en tres aspectos: las maneras de negociar del agente del Marqués, Antonio Saurer, la adquisición de La Magdalena de Tiziano y la de diversas pinturas del taller de Tintoretto. Igualmente se precisan datos sobre el encargo a Bernini de una fuente con una reproducción del obelisco de la Plaza Navona.

Rijksmuseum researchers

José María Blázquez

Sin resumen

Trajano Sardenberg, Gilberto José Cação Pereira, Cleide Santos Costa Biancardi et al.

The interaction between art and science was high during the Renaissance and it declined later to return significantly in the 20th century, mainly with the use of identification techniques, dating of art works and the development of new materials. The relationship between plastic arts and hand surgery is intense and artistic reproductions of hands are frequent in the illustration of scientific texts. With the objective of understanding the role of the hand in plastic arts, reproductions of works of art (sculptures and paintings) representative of several periods or styles in the history of art were analyzed emphasizing the study of the hands. Anatomical details, relationship with other structures of the human body, role in the composition and symbolic aspects of the hands were studied in historical and artistic contexts of art works in the Paleolithic period (pre-history) until the 20th century. The representation of the hands in plastic arts is directly related to the style or period of the work and to the individual ability of interpretation and execution by the artist.<br>A interação entre arte e ciência foi intensa durante o Renascimento, sofrendo declínio nos anos posteriores com retomada significativa no século XX, principalmente com o uso de técnicas de identificação, datação de obras de arte e o desenvolvimento de novos materiais. O relacionamento entre artes plásticas e Cirurgia da Mão mantêm-se intenso , sendo freqüente o uso de reproduções artísticas da mão nas ilustrações de textos científicos. Objetivando compreender o papel da mão nas artes plásticas, reproduções de obras de artes (esculturas e pinturas) representativas de vários estilos ou períodos da história da arte foram analisadas com enfoque no estudo das mãos. Detalhes anatômicos, relacionamento com outras estruturas do corpo humano, papel na composição e aspectos simbólicos das mãos foram estudados no contexto histórico e artístico de obras de arte do período paleolítico (pré-história) até o século XX. A representação da mão nas artes plásticas está diretamente relacionada ao estilo ou período da obra e à capacidade individual de interpretação e execução do artista.

Rijksmuseum researchers