Hasil untuk "History of Greece"

G. Aad, B. Abbott, K. Abeling et al.

A search for the decay of the Higgs boson to a Z boson and a light, pseudoscalar particle, a, decaying respectively to two leptons and to two photons is reported. The search uses the full LHC Run 2 proton–proton collision data at s=13 TeV, corresponding to 139 fb−1 collected by the ATLAS detector. This is one of the first searches for this specific decay mode of the Higgs boson, and it probes unexplored parameter space in models with axion-like particles (ALPs) and extended scalar sectors. The mass of the a particle is assumed to be in the range 0.1–33 GeV. The data are analysed in two categories: a merged category where the photons from the a decay are reconstructed in the ATLAS calorimeter as a single cluster, and a resolved category in which two separate photons are detected. The main background processes are from Standard Model Z boson production in association with photons or jets. The data are in agreement with the background predictions, and upper limits on the branching ratio of the Higgs boson decay to Za times the branching ratio a→γγ are derived at the 95% confidence level and they range from 0.08% to 2% depending on the mass of the a particle. The results are also interpreted in the context of ALP models.

Charalabos Ioannidis, Styliani Verykokou, Sofia Soile et al.

Cultural heritage (CH) sites are frequently exposed to natural elements, and their exposure becomes particularly precarious with the onset of climate change. This increased vulnerability places these sites at risk of deterioration or complete destruction. Risks such as land deformation, floods, acid rain, and erosion significantly threaten historic monuments, while water-related hazards, significantly influenced by both climate change and human activities, present a particularly grave risk to these invaluable sites. Considerable research efforts have focused on safeguarding CH sites. However, there remains a deficiency in systemic approaches towards identifying and mitigating risks for CH sites. The TRIQUETRA project proposes a technological toolbox and a methodological framework for tackling climate change risks and natural hazards threatening CH in the most efficient way possible. It aims at creating an evidence-based assessment platform allowing precise risk stratification as well as a database of available mitigation measures and strategies, acting as a Decision Support System (DSS) towards efficient risk mitigation and site remediation. TRIQUETRA is a European project that brings together a diverse group of researchers with varied expertise, encompassing university research groups, research institutes, public entities, as well as small and medium-sized enterprises. In this article, TRIQUETRAs overall methodology is presented, and preliminary results concerning risk identification, TRIQUETRAs knowledge base, as well as novel sensors and coatings, are discussed.

Metaxia Markaki

What is the relation of humanity to the ‘rest of nature’? Situated in the epoch of the Anthropocene and as concerns about climate emergency dramatically rise, the paper looks beyond the human/nature ontological separation and narratives of domination, in order to investigate the possibility of alternative worldviews and practices, instrumental for socio-ecological repair. Kentos, deriving from the greek verb kentaw (embroider or sting), describes the harvest practice of mastiha tree, which grows solely on Chios island. In the precision of the manual labour and the rituality of Kentos, one can read beyond pure production, a relationship of mutuality and a socio-ecological bond unfolding between human bodies, trees and their environment. The paper revisits the mastiha landscapes of Chios island, at North Aegean in Greece and narrates the story of relations that have occurred between humans and a tree native to the island, the Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia. It unpacks this socio-ecological bond and its various social, political and economic extensions, investigating how this interspecies relation has operated in history as a productive force and how it has survived in the present time, entangled in capitalist flows, climatic and urban pressures. The aim is to explore knowledge latent in interspecies relations that occurre in territories entangled in capitalist processes of extended urbanisation. Gathering this knowledge aims at informing alternative concepts and strategies for dealing with the contemporary socio-ecological challenges. The paper employs a methodology of relational thinking: it problematises and retracts strict ontological boundaries between human and ‘the rest of Nature’. By doing so it reveals a whole new space of relations between species and sets for an exploration of the relations that we encounter there. This space is examined and conceptualised through qualitative ethnographic work, analysis of documentary sources, oral history and secondary sources that have captured intentionally or unintentionally facets of the socio-ecological bond. Concluding, the paper identifies a socio-ecology of care nested in interspecies relations. It reveales care as a latent interspecies practice, as situated knowledge, as a more-than-human collective, and as an intrinsic value of reciprocity between forms of life, within and beyond capitalism, generating alternative socio-political formations and alternative vision. The paper ends with a proposition: care is a choice, a valid alternative option for design space, strategy and practice to re-engage productively with the ‘rest of nature’, material and living world.

Alina-Mihaela BUTNARU (RADU)

The dematerialization phenomenon of the courthouse under the impact of video-technology and digitalization is a phenomenon in progress. During the history the spaces dedicated for justice have been strongly correlated with technologies of the period. In ancient Greece the trials took place in open air, in agora according with the participatory democracy concept, but the Romans brought the law indoor. The XIXth century produced the concept of palace of justice, strongly correlated with the fact that written papers were the main result of the act of justice. The XXIst century characterized by the acceleration of development of video technologies and digitalization produce new concepts in the process of justice such as the dematerialization of the courthouse, and the video-trial which produce a new architectural paradigm concerning the buildings for justice. Court buildings can be analyzed from three perspectives. The first perspective is about the Court buildings as public places where justice procedures are carried out. These buildings are also workplaces for judges, court staff, support workers, lawyers, and interpreters occasionally for jurors or expert witnesses. The third and less tangible role of these buildings is the embodying community values about the rule of law in society. If in the nineteenth century the symbolism of courts convey an impression of national authority the actual trend towards 'e-justice' creates a difficulty in recreate the symbolic level of the court buildings. The article is analyzing the implication of this phenomenon.

Mitko Momov

I would like to present a specific kind of social structure – that of a community of about 50 Bulgarians who live in the St. Georgi Zografski monastery in the monastic republic of Mount Athos (Holy Mountain) within the territory of the Republic of Greece. Over the last 2-3 decades the number of inhabitants has increased so as the interest in it. The community is visited, except the pilgrims and volunteer Bulgarian workers, by the people who come for a week every month to donate their labor to the monastery. They are called charisans (volunteers). They come from different parts of Bulgaria to work for free, i.e. to donate their labor to a monastic community. To do so, they have to take a vacation, to pay for a visa and transport, which is not easy for inhabitants of the poorest EU country. Interestingly, their number is increasing from year to year. What causes these people to leave secular life forever or to come regularly with the cost of deprivation? I look for an answer to this question, apart from Orthodox and history evidences, (Metropolitan Hierophaeus (Vlachos) 2011) and through the anthropological method of participation – observation and interviews – conversations with monks, volunteers, pilgrims.

Kyriakos Souliotis, Maria Saridi, Konstantina Banou et al.

Abstract Background Population movements have been increasing over the past years in Europe due to socioeconomic factors, global turbulence and conflicts, especially in the area of Middle East. The presence of migrant populations in Europe challenges health systems due to increased requirements for health care provision. However, to date there is limited published data on the burden of disease among this population (in Greece and elsewhere). Our objective was to record burden of disease of undocumented migrants hosted in a Detention Center and therefore generate data for migrant and public health planning. Methods Epidemiological data have been collected for 4756 male migrants hosted in a Detention Center from mid 2013 to mid 2015. Of them, 1427 have used health services in the Center, which maintained a detailed record of their medical history and tests. Results The majority of the study population was aged between 18 and 40 years old. Among those who used health services, most suffered from respiratory (45.6%) and digestive (30.1%) diseases. Injury, poisoning and other external causes accounted for 19.6% of service use, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue for 18.7%, and factors affecting health status and contact with health services for 16.7%. Prevalence of communicable diseases was 15.9% amongst migrants randomly tested. Conclusion Systematic screening and monitoring of diseases and use of health services by migrants in detention centers allows for an evidence based understanding of the burden of disease related to these populations and the investment required to effectively manage it, thus providing critical input to appropriate health planning. Surveillance for communicable diseases amongst migrants in detention centers would also allow for a true picture of the impact of their presence on public health indicators and help address related prejudices and stigma.

Ekaterini Rapti, Dimitrios Damigos, Paraskevi Apostolara et al.

Abstract Background Chronic pain constitutes one of the most common reasons for seeking health care services and may even lead to disability. Chronic pain has been associated with depression and deterioration of the quality of life. The aim of our study is to outline the burden of chronic pain in the context of a primary health care (PHC) setting in Greece and to investigate its association with depression and quality of life. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2016 to November 2016. The subjects of the study comprised 200 individuals who visited the regional medical center of Ag. Theodoroi, Greece. The collected data were from a representative sample of 200 adults and included demographic data, social and medical history, presence and characteristics of chronic pain and questions from three questionnaires for the assessment of pain (BPI- short form), the investigation of depression (PHQ-9) and the evaluation of the quality of life (EuroQ-5D) validated in Greek language. Multiple regression analysis was used in order to find associated factors with quality of life, depression and chronic pain. Results A percentage of 56.8% of the participants, the majority of whom (62%) were women, reported chronic pain. Among individuals with pain, lower back area was the most common location. Based on the given questionnaire, depression was detected in 22. 5% of the participants who claimed chronic pain. Regression analyses revealed that women and respondents with chronic mental disorders like depression and anxiety had significantly higher scores on the pain scale and suffered pain which had a greater impact on their daily activities. According to regression analysis decreased quality of life was expressed by women, as well as participants with a chronic mental disorder. A significant reverse correlation emerged between the quality of life, depression and pain scales. Conclusion Chronic pain, as it has been studied within this PHC setting, is a common health care problem. Individuals who had experienced chronic pain and depression had a lower health-related quality of life.

Anastasia Bakogianni

Is grief for the death of a loved one a universal, trans-historical emotion? What role does the historical, political and socio-cultural context play in how grief is understood, processed, performed, written about and represented in art? This special issue of thersites seeks to address these questions with reference to the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome. Drawing on a wide range of both textual and material culture evidence, the six papers that make up this issue investigate how the ancient Greeks and Romans reacted to the death of relatives, friends and members of their wider community, and how it affected their lives, societies and sense of identity. The first half of the issue is devoted to the portrayal of grief in the Homeric epics and Greek tragedy, while the second examines a rich variety of Roman evidence from inscriptions to art, literature and philosophy. Our work intersects with wider debates in the cross-disciplinary field of the History of Emotions, but some of the papers also reference recent scholarship on the senses in antiquity.

M. Aaboud, G. Aad, B. Abbott et al.

A search for a heavy resonance decaying into WZ in the fully leptonic channel (electrons and muons) is performed. It is based on proton–proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1. No significant excess is observed over the Standard Model predictions and limits are set on the production cross section times branching ratio of a heavy vector particle produced either in quark–antiquark fusion or through vector-boson fusion. Constraints are also obtained on the mass and couplings of a singly charged Higgs boson, in the Georgi–Machacek model, produced through vector-boson fusion.

Cunha Leal, Joana

In this special issue you will find a discussion on southern modernisms stemming from an exploratory research project funded by the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) between 2014 and 2015. As a project, southern modernisms had a theoretical and historiographical focus driven to discuss the resonances of the two words associated in its title, as well as the disquieting effect of their combination in the fields of visual arts and architecture. The first word – modernisms – stood against the standardized canon of modernism, thus bonding the research to the critical revision of that concept occurring in art history since the closing decades of the 20th century; the second word based the project in southern Europe, meaning that Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece would set the ground for selecting case studies.

Giulia Biffis

In the Alexandra, Lycophron mentions a cult celebrated in Daunia, the northern part of Puglia in Southern Italy. This paper presents the result of an attempt to find an iconographical parallel for the Daunian ritual described by Lycophron. In particular, it focuses on how iconography can help to achieve a better understanding of Lycophron’s description. Bearing in mind the idea that an image is always a symbolic construction rather than a picture of reality, I ask whether there is a figurative heritage that presents affinities with the cult described by Lycophron. First, I consider the figured pottery found in the Daunian necropolis of Salpia Vetus, where the cult would have taken place according to Lycophron’s text; second, I enlarge my research to include the rest of Apulian red-figure vases, because their iconographic repertoire mirrors the interests and tastes of a native Apulian market; third, I incorporate in my analysis a different class of materials, namely votive plaques belonging to Southern Italian and Sicilian contexts (i.e. the sanctuary of Persephone-Aphrodite at Locri Epizephyri and the sanctuary of Persephone at Francavilla-Naxos).

Franklim Morais Pereira

Alberti’s first attempt to theorize architecture as a formalized language, condensed in its concept of concinnitas, is used as a pretext for the subject of this paper. The path to formalization is a homo sapiens ‘must’. At first, in the everyday use, from primitive pre-discursive languages to the modern dominant language system – speech or discursive semi-formal languages; and since classical Greece, with logical-deductive languages, scientific languages and our age’s zenith of mental representations of the world – theory. Almost every domain of human activity has been subjected to the effort of applying those new methodologies. Architecture could not remain an isolated case. After analyzing some properties of formalized languages, three domains, interior to the architectural activities, are presented. Structures is an architectural field of early formalization (but two millenniums after the first – geometry). Its development has suffered all the pains of growing up, thus having a great diversity of very interesting stories to learn from – the need and difficulties of making epistemological cuts in the open ocean of phenomena, defining the important concepts and ignoring the others, penetrating the essence of reality in very reduced, abstract and synthetic formulations, that, although absolutely general and abstract, don’t loose any semantic or concrete power. It’s what science and theoretical science do. The history and practice of structural science also rise the ‘theory versus methodology’ issue. The second field is real-time building management (the case of intelligent buildings). This is the domain where the more recent advances in formal languages (such as discrete maths, theory of computation, logics, language theory, higher algebras, decision theory) have been applied more often and profoundly. Several particular developments are mentioned, that could be relevant to other fields of architecture – multi-agent optimization, the great complexity of the problem with thousands of interrelated discrete variables, the community of many (human and machine) languages that have to coexist and communicate, the need for a common semantic ground, through ontologies – base for several grammars development. Finally, some remarks on current paths of formalization in the core business of architectural global design, specially on space syntaxes (one of the three major approachs,along with space grammars and architectural ontologies, in the contemporary research). Those remarks concern the problems of empiric vs theoretic; the expressiveness of denotational semantics (relations with other sciences – social, cultural, ideologies); the sophistication of connotational semantics. The question is what is the state of the art – how extensively can they address the global human problems of the city and the building; how their concepts address intensively, in a core minimal theory, the essence of the interaction of architectural action with its environment.

Leonora Neville

Anna’s laments are grounded in a Greek tradition of female lamentation and reflect her deliberate decision to add a female voice along side the historian’s conventional dispassion.

R. H. Rodgers

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George Huxley

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K. Makropoulos, V. Kouskouna

The active tectonics of the area of Greece and its seismic activity have always been present in the country?s history. Many researchers, tempted to work on Greek historical earthquakes, have realized that this is a task not easily fulfilled. The existing catalogues of strong historical earthquakes are useful tools to perform general SHA studies. However, a variety of supporting datasets, non-uniformly distributed in space and time, need to be further investigated. In the present paper, a review of historical earthquake studies in Greece is attempted. The seismic history of the country is divided into four main periods. In each one of them, characteristic examples, studies and approaches are presented.

Antonio Tovar

<!--StartFragment--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination: none; tab-stops: 11.0pt .5in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt; font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">A number of case studies in problematic lines of Euripides’ <em>Hecuba</em> illustrate, against much modern scholarship, the inferiority of the late mss. L and P.</span></p> <!--EndFragment-->

Lawrence Feinberg

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Anne Lebeck

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John H. Kroll

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