Hasil untuk "Electronics"

Deep Jariwala, V. Sangwan, L. Lauhon et al.

In the last three decades, zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, and two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials (i.e., fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, respectively) have attracted significant attention from the scientific community due to their unique electronic, optical, thermal, mechanical, and chemical properties. While early work showed that these properties could enable high performance in selected applications, issues surrounding structural inhomogeneity and imprecise assembly have impeded robust and reliable implementation of carbon nanomaterials in widespread technologies. However, with recent advances in synthesis, sorting, and assembly techniques, carbon nanomaterials are experiencing renewed interest as the basis of numerous scalable technologies. Here, we present an extensive review of carbon nanomaterials in electronic, optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and sensing devices with a particular focus on the latest examples based on the highest purity samples. Specific attention is devoted to each class of carbon nanomaterial, thereby allowing comparative analysis of the suitability of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene for each application area. In this manner, this article will provide guidance to future application developers and also articulate the remaining research challenges confronting this field.

Jens Meyer, S. Hamwi, M. Kroeger et al.

Chun Huang, S. Barlow, S. Marder

J. Mannhart, D. Schlom

Se Hyun Kim, Kihyon Hong, W. Xie et al.

Y. Li, Ching-Nan Kao

F. Blaabjerg, Ke Ma

Huai Wang, Marco Liserre, F. Blaabjerg

F. Schwierz, J. Pezoldt, R. Granzner

During the past decade, two-dimensional materials have attracted incredible interest from the electronic device community. The first two-dimensional material studied in detail was graphene and, since 2007, it has intensively been explored as a material for electronic devices, in particular, transistors. While graphene transistors are still on the agenda, researchers have extended their work to two-dimensional materials beyond graphene and the number of two-dimensional materials under examination has literally exploded recently. Meanwhile several hundreds of different two-dimensional materials are known, a substantial part of them is considered useful for transistors, and experimental transistors with channels of different two-dimensional materials have been demonstrated. In spite of the rapid progress in the field, the prospects of two-dimensional transistors still remain vague and optimistic opinions face rather reserved assessments. The intention of the present paper is to shed more light on the merits and drawbacks of two-dimensional materials for transistor electronics and to add a few more facets to the ongoing discussion on the prospects of two-dimensional transistors. To this end, we compose a wish list of properties for a good transistor channel material and examine to what extent the two-dimensional materials fulfill the criteria of the list. The state-of-the-art two-dimensional transistors are reviewed and a balanced view of both the pros and cons of these devices is provided.

W. J. Hyun, E. Secor, M. Hersam et al.

Tao Cheng, Yizhou Zhang, Wenyong Lai et al.

A. Bessonov, M. N. Kirikova, D. Petukhov et al.

S. Williamson, A. Rathore, F. Musavi

S. Kouro, M. Pérez, José R. Rodríguez et al.

Zhe Liu, Jing Xu, Di Chen et al.

Bilal Tasdemir, Svitlana Krüger, Pinank Sohagiya et al.

The growing demand for higher-energy lithium-ion batteries, encompassing consumer electronics, stationary grid storage, and electric mobility to specialized sectors like aerospace, medical devices, and industrial robotics, requires cathode materials that offer higher capacity while remaining cost-effective. This trend has intensified the development of nickel-rich LiNi_1−x−yMn_xCo_yO₂ (NMC) systems. However, high-Ni NMCs such as LiNi_0.9Mn_0.05Co_0.05O₂ (NMC90) suffer from limited thermal and cycling stability. Core–shell architectures using LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂ (NMC622) as a shell can partially alleviate these drawbacks, but structural degradation caused by interdiffusion between the core and shell persists as a major challenge. This study investigates whether a tungsten oxide interlayer can act as a protective barrier that suppresses interdiffusion, stabilizes the crystal structure, and improves long-term electrochemical performance. In this work, NMC cathode powders were synthesized via a one-pot oxalate co-precipitation route, followed by structural characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS). Electrochemical performance, including capacity retention, cycling stability, and internal resistance, was evaluated through galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) testing and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The core–shell configuration delivered higher specific discharge capacity compared to the individually synthesized core-only and shell-only reference materials, and the incorporation of a tungsten oxide interlayer resulted in a twofold increase in cycle life. These results demonstrate that tungsten oxide effectively enhances cycling stability by inhibiting core–shell interdiffusion, offering a promising pathway toward more durable high-Ni NMC cathodes.

Aymen Abdelmoumen, Zakaria Benzadri, Ismael Bouassida Rodriguez et al.

The increasing adoption of system-of-systems (SoS) engineering has emerged as a crucial approach for designing architectures that manage complex, decentralized systems across various domains, including IoT-enabled infrastructure. This paper introduces a metamodel that aligns with the ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2022 standard for architecture description, tailored to address the unique challenges of SoS. A formal classification technique leveraging first-order predicate logic ensures precise and consistent SoS categorization. The metamodel’s applicability is demonstrated through a case study on integrated water and energy management, involving real-world implementation. To evaluate its effectiveness, the Goal-Question-Metric (GQM) methodology is applied, detailing metrics for performance, relevance, usefulness and adaptability. A comparative analysis with existing models underscores the metamodel’s strengths in addressing SoS-specific requirements. By bridging theoretical rigor with practical usability, this work advances SoS modeling and offers a standards-based solution, with IoT-enabled examples illustrating its versatility and potential.

ZHU Hongye, WANG Xiaoxu, LYU Jixiang et al.

To study the influence of edge effects on the resin filling flow pattern in the RTM process of composite materials, the finite element software PAM-RTM was used to simulate and analyze the impregnation process of the blade preforms in RTM.By observing separately the filling time of the resin and the flow state of the leading edge in the impregnation process under the conditions with and without edge effect, the influence of different fiber volume fractions in the edge area and different injection pressure differences on the filling time and flow process of the blades was discussed, and the feasibility of the simulation method was verified through experiments.The results show that the presence of edge effect can prolong the length of the resin filling front, thereby reducing the impregnation time of the blade by 15.8%, but the difference in edge permeability does not significantly affect the impregnation time of the blade. When the edge effect exists in the fiber preform, different injection pressures have significant influences on the filling time.The filling time decreases with the increase of pressure, and the decreasing trend gradually slows down.The simulated value of the resin filling time differs by 7.8% from the measured value, indicating that the simulation method is feasible to a certain extent.

Gregorio Morales González, Jorge Gulín González, José Emilio Cuevas Chavez et al.

El objetivo de la investigación se enfoca en diseñar una guía de entrenamiento biomecánico correctivo para optimizar la técnica de pivoteo en la finalización, con el fin de reducir los factores de riesgo de lesión de rodilla en las jugadoras de futsal femenino. El presente estudio de caso toma 15 jugadoras de la posición específica de pívot provenientes de diferentes universidades de la capital cubana. Las investigaciones realizadas indican que los movimientos del pívot en la finalización y especialmente los giros rápidos de espalda a la portería y los lanzamientos en apoyo monopodal, exhiben patrones biomecánicos que los convierten en gestos de alto riesgo para la lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior y otras lesiones de rodilla, identificados con un valgo dinámico >12° y una flexión de cadera y rodilla insuficiente durante acciones rotatorias, los que sirven como indicadores claves para evitar riesgos y lesiones. La guía para diseñar los ejercicios se enfoca en la optimización y automatización de los patrones corregidos y es importante para trasmitir los movimientos táctico-técnicos óptimos bajo fatiga en el juego real, reduciendo drásticamente el riesgo de lesión y mejorando la eficiencia del movimiento. Las correcciones biomecánicas a partir de las tres fases críticas del movimiento, con la prevención de lesiones en la cadena cinemática de manera integrada para el fortalecimiento del glúteo medio en el gesto técnico a partir de ejercicios pliométricos y el fortalecimiento del core, previenen el "colapso" de la rodilla en valgo que es una de las principales causas de lesión.

Danni Liu, Shengda Wang, Weijia Su et al.

The multiple energy power plant-based microgrids (MEPPBM) gradually incorporates multiple energy sources such as solar, wind, and battery energy storage, ensuring reliable security & protection has become a paramount challenge. Conventional fault detection methods often fail to address the unique dynamics of these MEPPBM, leading to delays in fault detection and classification. The need for cutting-edge protection schemes that can operate efficiently in such environments is paramount to maintaining system stability and avoiding potential damage. The main objective of this research is to design such protection and security schemes which detect, classify, and locate faults with high accuracy and rapidly with very low computational burden. Therefore, the paper presents a robust security & protection method for modern MEPPBM, employing a hybrid methodology using the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) and Particle Filter (PF) algorithms. The UKF is employed for accurate state estimation of the current & voltage signal from faulty bus. While the PF is employed to calculate fault detection & classification indices named PF based residuals (PFBR) and PF-based Harmonic distortion (PFBHD) from UKF-estimated current signal. Then, the Fault section identification index named PF-computed reactive power (PFCRP) is generated from UKF estimated current & voltage signals. Extensive simulations are performed IEC 61850 microgrid test bed using MATLAB/Simulink 2023b software. The presented scheme effectively detects both high-impedance faults (HIF) and solid faults with a remarkable 99.9% accuracy in under 4 milliseconds. Furthermore, the scheme offers low computational burden, making it highly appropriate & efficient for real-time applications in modern MEPPBM.