O estudo analisa como o ex-presidente Epitácio Pessôa (1919-1922) e seus herdeiros conceberam a “curadoria hereditária” para gerenciar o controle do legado histórico por meio da construção de um arquivo pessoal. Partindo de uma perspectiva histórica e sua relação com a arquivologia e a análise de um corpus documental diversificado, são examinadas as estratégias da família na criação seletiva do “patrimônio moral”, materializado por meio da organização documental do arquivo pessoal de Epitácio Pessôa.
Palavras-chave: curadoria hereditária; arquivo pessoal; Epitácio Pessôa; memória familiar.
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We report a method for producing an array of fifty two ion-sensitive PEDOT:PSS organic electrochemical transistors on a glass coverslip, each featuring an integrated fluoropolymer microwell sealed with lipid bilayer into which membrane proteins can be inserted for simultaneous electrical and fluorescence microscopy studies. To demonstrate capability, we fill the microwells with an `inner' phosphate assay buffer solution containing 20 $μ$M Alexa-488 dye and 50 mM KCl, seal the microwells with lipid bilayer using an aqueous-organic-aqueous liquid exchange technique, and then fill the common flow-cell volume above the sealed microwells with a dye-free `outer' phosphate assay buffer containing 100 mM KCl. We insert $α$-hemolysin, which embeds into the lipid bilayer forming a heptameric pore with diameter ~ 2.6 nm. The pore allows K$^{+}$ ions to diffuse into the microwell and Alexa-488 dye molecules to diffuse out of the microwell producing a corresponding drop in transistor conductance and microwell fluorescence intensity, respectively. These two signals occur at different timescales, consistent with the known size difference between K$^{+}$ ions and Alexa-488 molecules. Our approach to fabricating microwell arrays with PEDOT:PSS OECTs incorporated into the bottom of selected microwells distributed in the array is both scalable and versatile, opening a path to studies using larger arrays and with other membrane proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer sealing the microwells.
«Homens das Letras» garantem, pelo seu labor, o funcionamento das instituições, da sociedade e, por essa via, do próprio regime vigente.Da sua existência e do seu cômputo se consegue aferir da dinâmica demográfica, económica e política de um lugar.Da sua pena se regem as vidas dos simples – na linguagem de Garcia da Orta – e dos privilegiados, plasmando‑lhes no papel ou no pergaminho a posse de bens terrenos, móveis e imóveis, registando‑lhes prerrogativas e direitos, e impondo‑lhes deveres e ónus vários, incluindo fiscais, militares e religiosos, salvaguardando‑lhes até a alma no post mortem.Desde sempre a História mostra‑nos a flutuabilidade dos indivíduos detentores de cultura letrada entre os vários exercícios da res publica. Não foram excepção os tabeliães. Poderemos até dizê‑lo que na definição do seu labor estará essa permeabilidade entre o serviço à comunidade e o exercício do poder público, até porque muitas vezes a sua acção de tabelionado se efectua nas casas municipais.Neste contexto, e partindo de uma abordagem prosopográfica, pretendemos voltar à Palmela Medieval, retomando um tema de estudo, recordando‑lhe e actualizando‑lhe os percursos destes homens das letras entre os séculos XIII e XVI, mas desta vez analisando‑os em conjunto com os dados entretanto já disponíveis para a vizinha localidade de Setúbal, em igual período.Procuraremos traçar os percursos individuais destes personagens centrais da construção medieval deste território da margem sul do Tejo, percepcionando‑lhes as lógicas de pertença institucionais, oscilando entre concelhos e a Ordem de Santiago, e de jurisdição geográfica, que tocava, de quando em vez, o próprio concelho de Sesimbra, e procurando responder a uma questão que deixámos em aberto em 2016, sobre a existência, ou não, de dinastias locais nesta arte, monopolizando a redacção e a validação documentais nesta região.
Camila Hoshino Sborja, Jéssica Tarine Moitinho de Lima
Este artigo aborda a gestão de arquivos de geocientistas no programa Memória do Laboratório de Preservação de Acervo Litológico do Museu de Geociências da Universidade de São Paulo. São analisadas práticas para organizar, digitalizar e de conservação preventiva. Os resultados destacam a relevância desses arquivos para a história das geociências e propõem a criação do Arquivo de História Geológica.
Palavras-chave: organização; memória institucional; coleção científica; geociências.
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Amin Shokrollahi, Syeda Sara Mobasher, Kofi Ohemeng Kyei Prempeh
et al.
Accurate prediction of long-term CO2 plume migration beneath seals is crucial for the viability of CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers. Groundwater counterflow and chemical reactions between CO2, brine, and rock significantly influence plume dynamics, dispersion, and boundary evolution. This study develops a novel analytical framework by deriving governing equations for gravity-driven gas migration and obtaining exact self-similar solutions for both pulse and continuous injection. The approach explicitly incorporates chemical reactions and water counterflow, addressing factors often neglected in existing analytical models. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the effects of key parameters on CO2 migration. The results show that increasing the chemical reaction coefficient delays the first arrival of CO2 while accelerating its final arrival, highlighting the impact of geochemical reactions on plume migration. Additionally, higher up-dip water velocity shortens the accumulation period, thereby reducing the time required for CO2 to become trapped in geological formations. These findings improve predictive capabilities for long-term CO2 storage and provide insights for optimising sequestration strategies.
Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) have become the most popular tool for solving widely-existed multi-objective optimization problems. In Multi-Objective EAs (MOEAs), there is increasing interest in using an archive to store non-dominated solutions generated during the search. This approach can 1) mitigate the effects of population oscillation, a common issue in many MOEAs, and 2) allow for the use of smaller, more practical population sizes. In this paper, we analytically show that the archive can even further help MOEAs through reusing its solutions during the process of new solution generation. We first prove that using a small population size alongside an archive (without incorporating archived solutions in the generation process) may fail on certain problems, as the population may remove previously discovered but promising solutions. We then prove that reusing archive solutions can overcome this limitation, resulting in at least a polynomial speedup on the expected running time. Our analysis focuses on the well-established SMS-EMOA algorithm applied to the commonly studied OneJumpZeroJump problem as well as one of its variants. We also show that reusing archive solutions can be better than using a large population size directly. Finally, we show that our theoretical findings can generally hold in practice by experiments on well-known practical optimization problems -- multi-objective 0-1 Knapsack, TSP, QAP and NK-landscape problems -- with realistic settings.
Conflict resolution and consensus building represent critical challenges in multi-agent systems, negotiations, and collaborative decision-making processes. This paper introduces Dialogue Diplomats, a novel end-to-end multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) framework designed for automated conflict resolution and consensus building in complex, dynamic environments. The proposed system integrates advanced deep reinforcement learning architectures with dialogue-based negotiation protocols, enabling autonomous agents to engage in sophisticated conflict resolution through iterative communication and strategic adaptation. We present three primary contributions: first, a novel Hierarchical Consensus Network (HCN) architecture that combines attention mechanisms with graph neural networks to model inter-agent dependencies and conflict dynamics. second, a Progressive Negotiation Protocol (PNP) that structures multi-round dialogue interactions with adaptive concession strategies; and third, a Context-Aware Reward Shaping mechanism that balances individual agent objectives with collective consensus goals.
The phase-out of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), due to their high Global Warming Potential (GWP), affecting the main gas used in Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), tetrafluorethane C2H2F4, has created operational difficulties on existing systems and imposes strict restrictions on its use in new systems. A possible solution to the problem is the substitution of this gas by others with a much lower GWP. This approach has attracted the attention of an important part of the community in recent years. But there could be another possibility, which is the construction of sealed chambers, i.e. chambers that do not need a continuous gas flow to operate (in a similar way to Geiger-Muller counters). This possibility would allow continuing to use HFCs or eventually other types of gases that are already banned. It would also greatly simplify the detector, not requiring the complex and expensive gas systems normally used. This simplification could be particularly relevant for outdoor applications, such as in Cosmic Ray experiments. This has motivated a new line of research and development on sealed RPCs: RPCs that do not require a continuous gas flow for their operation. In this work we show the characterization of a sealed RPC plane exposed to an intense radiation source for about one month, with the aim of verifying, in an accelerated way, gas degradation effects that could compromise the operation of the detector. The results show no apparent degradation in any of the parameters studied, namely: efficiency, average charge and streamer probability. The exposure period corresponds, based on the accumulated charge, to approximately four years of natural Cosmic Ray radiation exposure (background signals generated by the detector itself), suggesting the feasibility of the application of this technology in Cosmic Ray experiments for extended periods of time.
The Negarakertagama manuscript is a historic manuscript that must be preserved since it contains information from the Majapahit Kingdom's era. The problem arose are the threat of the manuscript not to be claimed by other nations, the threat losing documentary heritage due to war and the threat of geographical factors in Indonesia. The aim of the research is analysing the role, function, and recognition of UNESCO to protect the manuscript belongs to Indonesia in the memory of the world program. The research methodologies applied are qualitative (data collection techniques includes observations, visual analysis of literature studies, and interviews) and analytic descriptions. The theory utilized is an international organization and collective memory. The result of this study finds that UNESCO has four international organization roles which are mentioned as information, normative, operational, and rolesupervisory. The dominating function is the operational functions and is an actor to ask for collaboration. The collective memory finds that the manuscript of Negarakertagama is a genuine source of literacy regarding the history of the Majapahit Kingdom which is now safeguarded by the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia after survives the spoils of war with the help of Brandes, a Dutch philologist.
Murat Ersalman, Mervi Kunnasranta, Markus Ahola
et al.
Integrated population models (IPMs) are a promising approach to test ecological theories and assess wildlife populations in dynamic and uncertain conditions. By combining multiple data sources into a unified model, they enable the parametrization of versatile, mechanistic models that can predict population dynamics in novel circumstances. Here, we present a Bayesian IPM for the ringed seal (Pusa hispida botnica) population inhabiting the Bothnian Bay in the Baltic Sea. Despite the availability of long-term monitoring data, traditional assessment methods have faltered due to dynamic environmental conditions, varying reproductive rates, and the recently re-introduced hunting, thus limiting the quality of information available to managers. We fit our model to census and various demographic, reproductive, and harvest data from 1988 to 2023 to provide a comprehensive assessment of past population trends, and predict population response to alternative hunting scenarios. We estimated that 20,000 to 36,000 ringed seals inhabited the Bothnian Bay in 2024, increasing at a rate of 3% to 6% per year. Reproductive rates have increased since 1988, leading to a substantial increase in the growth rate up until 2015. However, the re-introduction of hunting has since reduced the growth rate, and even minor quota increases are likely to reduce it further. Our results also support the hypothesis that a greater proportion of the population hauls out under lower ice cover circumstances, leading to higher aerial survey results in such years. In general, our study demonstrates the value of IPMs for monitoring wildlife populations under changing environments, and supporting science-based management decisions.
Este artigo explora o significado histórico da informalidade urbana, entendida tanto como um modo de urbanização quanto como um elemento-chave em histórias mais amplas de desigualdade racial, governança e luta social. Analiza a relação entre a informalidade urbana e três importantes fios históricos: a evolução da governação racializada, a coexistência tensa do poder privado e do poder público, e o entrelaçamento contraditório da luta social e da desigualdade.
Palavras-chaves: favela; história urbana; desigualdade racial; informalidade.
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Federated learning (FL) enables the collaboration of multiple deep learning models to learn from decentralized data archives (i.e., clients) without accessing data on clients. Although FL offers ample opportunities in knowledge discovery from distributed image archives, it is seldom considered in remote sensing (RS). In this paper, as a first time in RS, we present a comparative study of state-of-the-art FL algorithms for RS image classification problems. To this end, we initially provide a systematic review of the FL algorithms presented in the computer vision and machine learning communities. Then, we select several state-of-the-art FL algorithms based on their effectiveness with respect to training data heterogeneity across clients (known as non-IID data). After presenting an extensive overview of the selected algorithms, a theoretical comparison of the algorithms is conducted based on their: 1) local training complexity; 2) aggregation complexity; 3) learning efficiency; 4) communication cost; and 5) scalability in terms of number of clients. After the theoretical comparison, experimental analyses are presented to compare them under different decentralization scenarios. For the experimental analyses, we focus our attention on multi-label image classification problems in RS. Based on our comprehensive analyses, we finally derive a guideline for selecting suitable FL algorithms in RS. The code of this work is publicly available at https://git.tu-berlin.de/rsim/FL-RS.
Disinformation, which is fabricated, misleading content spread with the intent to deceive others, is accumulating substantial engagements and reaching a vast audience on Instagram. However, the temporary nature of the platform and the security guidelines that remove malicious content make studying this disinformation a challenge. The only way to access removed content and banned accounts that are no longer on the live web is by searching the web archives. In this study, we set out to quantify the replayability and quality of past captures of Instagram account pages, specifically focusing on a group of anti-vaxx content creators known as the Disinformation Dozen. We found that the number of mementos listed for these users' account pages on the Internet Archive's Wayback Machine can be misleading, because a majority of the mementos are actually redirections to the Instagram login page, and of the remaining replayable mementos, many are missing post images. In fact, 96.13% of mementos from the Disinformation Dozen accounts redirect to the login page, and only 27.16% of the remaining replayable mementos contain every post image. Combined, these results reveal that merely 1.05% of mementos for the Disinformation Dozen accounts are replayable with complete post images. Furthermore, we found that the percentage of replayable mementos is decreasing over time, with a particular lack of replayable mementos for the years 2021 and 2022.
As unidades de informação têm incorporado ao ambiente virtual seus serviços e produtos informacionais para facilitar o acesso a fontes de informação nas redes digitais. Todavia, muitos usuários ainda desconhecem a existência desses espaços ou não se sentem seguros o bastante para realizar suas pesquisas via web. É nesse contexto que serviços de referência virtuais favorecem a mediação da informação ao usuário de forma dinâmica e interativa, utilizando tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Este trabalho apresenta a exposição virtual como uma fonte de informação, um produto informacional do serviço de referência, de modo a intensificar a disseminação da informação em acervos arquivísticos sobre movimentos sindicais. Trata-se de um estudo de caso no Centro de Documentação e Memória Raymundo Reis — Sindicato dos Bancários da Bahia, pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, cujo objetivo foi caracterizar a exposição virtual como uma fonte de informação educativa, histórica e sociocultural, um produto informacional desenvolvido no âmbito do serviço de referência em arquivos. A técnica e instrumento utilizados para coleta de dados foi a observação direta intensiva, e a entrevista não estruturada e não dirigida. Os resultados apontam para a estruturação de um modelo para exposição virtual que atendesse as necessidades do Centro de Documentação, a partir de procedimentos focados na disseminação do acervo. Concluiu-se que a exposição virtual potencializa a disseminação cultural e informacional de instituições arquivísticas, e pode favorecer o contínuo reconhecimento pela sociedade de seu papel como fonte de informação educativa, histórica e sociocultural, propondo-se aqui uma diretriz.
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Anssi Männistö, Mert Seker, Alexandros Iosifidis
et al.
Applying machine learning tools to digitized image archives has a potential to revolutionize quantitative research of visual studies in humanities and social sciences. The ability to process a hundredfold greater number of photos than has been traditionally possible and to analyze them with an extensive set of variables will contribute to deeper insight into the material. Overall, these changes will help to shift the workflow from simple manual tasks to more demanding stages. In this paper, we introduce Automatic Image Content Extraction (AICE) framework for machine learning-based search and analysis of large image archives. We developed the framework in a multidisciplinary research project as framework for future photographic studies by reformulating and expanding the traditional visual content analysis methodologies to be compatible with the current and emerging state-of-the-art machine learning tools and to cover the novel machine learning opportunities for automatic content analysis. The proposed framework can be applied in several domains in humanities and social sciences, and it can be adjusted and scaled into various research settings. We also provide information on the current state of different machine learning techniques and show that there are already various publicly available methods that are suitable to a wide-scale of visual content analysis tasks.
Contemporary citizenship is haunted by the ghost of imperialism. Yet conceptions of European citizenship fail to explain issues that are inclusive of the impact of empire today, and are integral to the reality of citizenship; from the notion of ‘minorities’ to the assertion of citizenship rights by migrants and the withdrawal of fundamental rights from particular groups. The Uses of Imperial Citizenship examines the ways in which ideas of citizenship and subjecthood were applied in societies under imperial rule in order to expand our understanding of these concepts. Taking examples from the experience of the British and French empires, the book examines the ways in which claims to the rights and obligations of imperial subjects by otherwise marginalised people – from women activists to ‘native’ newspaper editors – shaped the history of British and French concepts of citizenship. Through extensive analysis of colonial and diplomatic archives, parliamentary debates and commissions, journalism and contemporary works on colonial administration, the book explores how governments and people in colonial societies saw themselves within, on the frontiers of, and outside of imperial notions of citizenship and subjecthood.
Este texto tem o objetivo de produzir uma discussão sobre o processo de recorte temporal na pesquisa histórica, tomando nosso objeto de investigação que trata da missão francesa na Universidade de São Paulo. Apoia-se na historiografia que estuda esse objeto, assim como nos documentos que estão nos Arquivos Diplomáticos e nos Arquivos Nacionais da França, na tentativa de evidenciar a fecundidade do recorte desta análise. Por fim, tais evidências são debatidas à luz das análises de Bourdieu (2013), Deleuze e Guatari (2015) e Dosse (2013) que tratam do conceito de acontecimento a fim de se construir uma reflexão sobre o desafio da delimitação temporal no ofício do historiador.***The aim of this text is to initiate a discussion about the process of time cuts in historical research. Our research deals with the French mission at the University of São Paulo. It is based on its historiography, in addition to the documents found in the Diplomatic Archives and in the French National Archives, endeavouring to show how prolific the time cut of this research can be. Lastly, the evidence is debated in light of Bourdieu’s analyses (2013), Deleuze and Guatari (2015) and Dosse (2013) who deal with the concept of the event in order to reflect on the challenge of time boundaries in the work of historians.
Abstract In the 1930s, the fascist government sent high-profile military officers, politicians, and academics to Nationalist China to support the Chiang Kai-shek regime and consolidate relations. In 1937, Alberto de’ Stefani, well known as the minister who restored Italian public finance and achieved a budget surplus in 1924–1925, was personally chosen by Chiang Kai-shek to reform the fiscal and financial administration of the country. When de’ Stefani returned to Italy, he was appointed “lifetime advisor of the Chinese people” by Chiang, with the highest decoration that the government of China could bestow upon a foreign stateman. On several occasions, de’ Stefani was accused of being a Sinophile and traitor by the fascist government for his commitment to achieve peace between China and Japan. In this article, the author proposes a vivid testimony, using primary sources from historical and diplomatic archives, of de’ Stefani’s experience in China.
Drawing on a deep knowledge of French and German diplomatic archives and a lifetime of writing and teaching the history of European international relations, Chantal Metzger's latest work explores t...
The mitigation of human-induced climate change is of crucial importance for the sustainability of humankind. For this aim the RPC community has exerted considerable effort over the last decade to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases from our detectors. These included searching for new eco-friendly gases, implementing recovery and/or recirculation systems, improving gastightness and using new materials and approaches in detector conception and operation for the reduction of gas flow rates. Along this line of work, we present here an RPC architecture aimed at a dramatic reduction of gas use in chambers meant for low-rate operation. Two chambers were tested for more than six months with zero gas flow showing no evidence of time-related effects, allowing to consider that permanently sealed RPCs may be within reach, with obvious practical and environmental advantages.