Abstract Environmental degradation and climate change are two mutually reinforcing conditions that pose a threat to humanity. Various sustainable development approaches have been agreed upon by many countries to address these threats, but in reality they have not been effective. Economic and social activities that are solely oriented towards growth and human welfare are the main causes of environmental degradation, whether carried out by individuals, corporations, or illegal economic activities, especially the exploitation of natural resources for the purpose of economic gain. Similarly, development policies in many countries that only prioritize economic growth without environmental conservation programs have created a cycle that continues to facilitate environmental degradation and exacerbate the climate crisis. This article promotes the theory of intentional ecology for the application of environmental ethics, in which every policy choice is based on a paradigm, ideology, good governance, and the use of environmentally friendly technology for sustainable development. The results of this research also show that Indonesia has environmental conservation policies for sustainable development. Currently, environmental impact analysis is a vital component in the industrial licensing process in Indonesia and covers all business activities that have an impact on the environment. However, its implementation is often manipulated as a result of collusion and cronyism between officials and businesspeople in the management of natural resources and industrial activities.
Despite the growing interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR) issues, research on micro-CSR remains an emerging field, offering new insights. In this context, this study investigates the perceived effects of different CSR components on employees’ affective organizational commitment, drawing on social exchange theory, social identity theory, and stakeholder theory. The methodology includes a qualitative cross-case and thematic analysis based on a deductive approach using NVivo 14 qualitative data processing software. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight employees from four different sectors operating in the Algerian context. Eleven pre-defined themes were identified in line with the objectives of the study. Based on the analysis of three main themes, the results support the proposition that employees’ perceptions of CSR towards social and non-social stakeholders significantly and positively impact their affective commitment. Employees’ perceptions of CSR towards customers positively impact their affective commitment, although this effect is less pronounced and partially significant. Additionally, employees’ perceptions of CSR towards them have a significant and positive impact on their affective commitment. In addition to the primary findings, the analysis of the interviews revealed that attachment and organizational pride act as mediators, linking perceptions of CSR to employees’ affective commitment. These findings have several implications for current research, highlighting the importance of micro-CSR and revealing the mechanisms involved in individual attitudes within Algerian companies. This could be a valuable strategic tool for strengthening the affective commitment of Algerian employees. Furthermore, the study provides an overview of trends in responsible practices within these companies, with a particular focus on the sectors analyzed in this study.
Hoang Vu, Nataliia Klievtsova, Henrik Leopold
et al.
With the rise of generative AI, industry interest in software agents is growing. Given the stochastic nature of generative AI-based agents, their effective and safe deployment in organizations requires robust governance, which can be facilitated by agentic business process management. However, given the nascence of this new-generation agent notion, it is not clear what BPM practitioners consider to be an agent, and what benefits, risks and governance challenges they associate with agent deployments. To investigate how organizations can effectively govern AI agents, we conducted a qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with 22 BPM practitioners from diverse industries. They anticipate that agents will enhance efficiency, improve data quality, ensure better compliance, and boost scalability through automation, while also cautioning against risks such as bias, over-reliance, cybersecurity threats, job displacement, and ambiguous decision-making. To address these challenges, the study presents six key recommendations for the responsible adoption of AI agents: define clear business goals, set legal and ethical guardrails, establish human-agent collaboration, customize agent behavior, manage risks, and ensure safe integration with fallback options. Additionally, the paper outlines actions to align traditional BPM with agentic AI, including balancing human and agent roles, redefining human involvement, adapting process structures, and introducing performance metrics. These insights provide a practical foundation for integrating AI agents into business processes while preserving oversight, flexibility, and trust.
Lauren Olson, Ricarda Anna-Lena Fischer, Florian Kunneman
et al.
The integration of ethics into software development faces significant challenges due to market fundamentalism in organizational practices, where profit often takes precedence over ethical considerations. Additionally, the critical influence of practitioners' individual backgrounds on ethical decision-making remains underexplored, highlighting a gap in comprehensive research. This is especially essential to understand due to the demographic imbalance in software roles. This study investigates ethical concerns in software development, focusing on how they are perceived, prioritized, and addressed by demographically different practitioners. By surveying 217 software practitioners across diverse roles, industries, and countries, we identify critical barriers to ethical integration and examine practitioners' capacity to mitigate these issues. Our findings reveal pronounced demographic disparities, with marginalized groups - including women, BIPOC, and disabled individuals - reporting ethical concerns at higher frequencies. Notably, marginalized practitioners demonstrated heightened sensitivity to ethical implementation and greater empowerment to address them. However, practitioners overall often lack the support needed to address ethical challenges effectively. These insights underscore the urgent need for reforms in software education and development processes that center on diverse perspectives. Such reforms are essential to advancing ethical integration in software development and ensuring responsible computing practices in an increasingly complex technological landscape.
In analyzing the destruction of democracy, political culture, morals and political ethics through the determinants of Vote Buying in general elections in Indonesia, this article uses the literature study method. The method used is through data collection by finding sources and constructing from various sources such as books, journals, and existing research. The determinant of Vote Buying which destroys democracy, political culture, morals and political ethics. The intended determinants such as poverty, education, politico-business, patron-client relations should be sought for the root of the problem and its solution. Through analysis, Rational Choice Theory will dissect and examine the destruction of democracy, political culture, morals and political ethics through the determinants of Vote Buying in general elections in Indonesia. In conclusion, this article contains: (1). Nominal rules have not had a deterrent effect. (2). Low political awareness of people who are exposed to vote buying. (3). Educationally and economically marginalized people are politically neglected. (4). There is no anti-bribery formulation in the pilot scheme and sustainable maintenance practices (5). The bias of political party sovereignty as the main instrument in preventing politico-business intervention. (6). Unequal distribution of poverty and education. (7). There is a predatory network that is interrelated in maintaining the high political costs in Indonesia.
Nicholas Kluge Corrêa, James William Santos, Camila Galvão
et al.
The past years have presented a surge in (AI) development, fueled by breakthroughs in deep learning, increased computational power, and substantial investments in the field. Given the generative capabilities of more recent AI systems, the era of large-scale AI models has transformed various domains that intersect our daily lives. However, this progress raises concerns about the balance between technological advancement, ethical considerations, safety measures, and financial interests. Moreover, using such systems in sensitive areas amplifies our general ethical awareness, prompting a reemergence of debates on governance, regulation, and human values. However, amidst this landscape, how to bridge the principle-practice gap separating ethical discourse from the technical side of AI development remains an open problem. In response to this challenge, the present work proposes a framework to help shorten this gap: ethical problem-solving (EPS). EPS is a methodology promoting responsible, human-centric, and value-oriented AI development. The framework's core resides in translating principles into practical implementations using impact assessment surveys and a differential recommendation methodology. We utilize EPS as a blueprint to propose the implementation of Ethics as a Service Platform, which is currently available as a simple demonstration. We released all framework components openly and with a permissive license, hoping the community would adopt and extend our efforts into other contexts. Available in https://github.com/Nkluge\-correa/ethical\-problem\-solving
With the rise of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in smart homes and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), ethical concerns have become increasingly significant. This paper explores the ethical implications of AI-driven detection technologies in smart homes using the User Requirements Notation (URN) framework. In this paper, we thoroughly conduct thousands of related works from 1985 to 2024 to identify key trends in AI ethics, algorithm methods, and technological advancements. The study presents an overview of smart home and AI ethics, comparing traditional and AI-specific ethical issues, and provides guidelines for ethical design across areas like privacy, fairness, transparency, accountability, and user autonomy, offering insights for developers and researchers in smart homes.
Across the technology industry, many companies have expressed their commitments to AI ethics and created dedicated roles responsible for translating high-level ethics principles into product. Yet it is unclear how effective this has been in leading to meaningful product changes. Through semi-structured interviews with 26 professionals working on AI ethics in industry, we uncover challenges and strategies of institutionalizing ethics work along with translation into product impact. We ultimately find that AI ethics professionals are highly agile and opportunistic, as they attempt to create standardized and reusable processes and tools in a corporate environment in which they have little traditional power. In negotiations with product teams, they face challenges rooted in their lack of authority and ownership over product, but can push forward ethics work by leveraging narratives of regulatory response and ethics as product quality assurance. However, this strategy leaves us with a minimum viable ethics, a narrowly scoped industry AI ethics that is limited in its capacity to address normative issues separate from compliance or product quality. Potential future regulation may help bridge this gap.
This case study delves into the ethical ramifications of an incident involving Tesla's Autopilot, emphasizing Tesla Motors' moral responsibility. Using a seven-step ethical decision-making process, it examines user behavior, system constraints, and regulatory implications. This incident prompts a broader evaluation of ethical challenges in the automotive industry's adoption of autonomous technologies, urging a reconsideration of industry norms and legal frameworks. The analysis offers a succinct exploration of ethical considerations in evolving technological landscapes.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh label halal terhadap keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik pada mahasiswi Universitas Islam Jember,
(2) pengaruh harga terhadap keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik pada mahasiswi Universitas Islam Jember, (3) pengaruh label halal dan harga terhadap keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik pada mahasiswi Universitas Islam Jember.
Berdasarkan tujuannnya penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswi Universitas Islam Jember. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik incidental sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner yang telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Teknik analisis data yang di gunakan adalah regresi berganda.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa:
Label halal dan harga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik pada mahasiswi Universitas Islam Jember. Dan harga merupakan variabel yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik pada mahasiswi Universitas Islam Jember. Dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000. Hal ini membuktikan dengan nilai F hitung sebesar 53,764 dan F tabel sebesar 2,31 yang berarti F hitung lebih besar dari F tabel, dan nilai Koefesien determinasi bernilai 0,256.
Kata Kunci: Label halal, harga dan keputusan pembelian .
ABSTRACT
This study aims to determine: (1) the effect of the halal label on the decision to purchase cosmetic products at the Islamic University of Jember students, (2) the effect of price on the purchasing decision of cosmetic products at the Jember Islamic University student, (3) the influence of the halal label and price on purchasing decisions. cosmetic products at Jember Islamic University students.
Based on the purpose of this research, it is a quantitative descriptive research. The population in this study were all students of the Islamic University of Jember. The sampling technique used incidental sampling technique with a total sample of 100 people. Data collection techniques using questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression.
The results showed that: Halal labels and prices have a positive and significant effect partially on the decision to purchase cosmetic products for students at the Islamic University of Jember. And price is the most dominant variable in influencing the decision to purchase cosmetic products at Jember Islamic University students. With a significance value of 0.000. This proves that the calculated F value is 53.764 and the F table is 2.31 which means that the calculated F is greater than the F table, and the value of the coefficient of determination is 0.256.
Keywords: Halal label, price and purchasing decisions.
Gustavo Álvarez Gómez, Corona Gómez Armijos, Ariel José Romero Fernández
et al.
The present study aimed to conduct a neutrosophic analysis of internal and external ethical factors affecting the supply chain of a painting company in the city of Quito. To achieve this, the SWOT method was applied, coupled with the neutrosophic AHP method for prioritizing and weighting the most influential factors. The results obtained allowed for the identification of the factors that had the greatest impact on the system, as per the opinions of the consulted experts. The combination of the neutrosophic AHP and SWOT analysis methods has proven to be a powerful tool for addressing ethical challenges in business decision-making, and the results obtained can serve as a guide for implementing effective ethical strategies in the supply chain.
Gina Patricia Cuadrado Sánchez, Martha del Pilar Rodríguez García
Este estudio tiene como objetivo sistematizar el conocimiento sobre responsabilidad social empresarial y el desempeño financiero. La metodología inició por la búsqueda de información en la plataforma Scopus en el periodo 2015-2023. Para el análisis, se utilizó la técnica de análisis bibliométrico mediante el software RSudio. Los resultados encontrados fueron que, la producción científica en este ámbito se duplicó en el período de estudio, con contribuciones especialmente de países como China, EE.UU., España e India, así mismo, en cuanto a la revista especializada con mayor citación se estableció a Journal of Business Ethics con 5,871 citas. Por otra parte, utilizando la técnica de coupling se determinaron 5 clusters: responsabilidad social empresarial, manejo medioambiental, cadena de suministros y finanzas; y como autores prominentes se ubicó a Orlitzky, Mcwilliams, Freeman; Carroll, Sen y Luo. En conclusión, se señala que existe una evolución en la temática a partir del marco conceptual propuesto por los autores Bowen y Carroll; y se destaca la relación existente entre la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y el Desempeño Financiero.
Big models have greatly advanced AI's ability to understand, generate, and manipulate information and content, enabling numerous applications. However, as these models become increasingly integrated into everyday life, their inherent ethical values and potential biases pose unforeseen risks to society. This paper provides an overview of the risks and challenges associated with big models, surveys existing AI ethics guidelines, and examines the ethical implications arising from the limitations of these models. Taking a normative ethics perspective, we propose a reassessment of recent normative guidelines, highlighting the importance of collaborative efforts in academia to establish a unified and universal AI ethics framework. Furthermore, we investigate the moral inclinations of current mainstream LLMs using the Moral Foundation theory, analyze existing alignment algorithms, and outline the unique challenges encountered in aligning ethical values within them. To address these challenges, we introduce a novel conceptual paradigm for aligning the ethical values of big models and discuss promising research directions for alignment criteria, evaluation, and method, representing an initial step towards the interdisciplinary construction of the ethically aligned AI This paper is a modified English version of our Chinese paper https://crad.ict.ac.cn/cn/article/doi/10.7544/issn1000-1239.202330553, intended to help non-Chinese native speakers better understand our work.
Time-series forecasts play a critical role in business planning. However, forecasters typically optimize objectives that are agnostic to downstream business goals and thus can produce forecasts misaligned with business preferences. In this work, we demonstrate that optimization of conventional forecasting metrics can often lead to sub-optimal downstream business performance. Focusing on the inventory management setting, we derive an efficient procedure for computing and optimizing proxies of common downstream business metrics in an end-to-end differentiable manner. We explore a wide range of plausible cost trade-off scenarios, and empirically demonstrate that end-to-end optimization often outperforms optimization of standard business-agnostic forecasting metrics (by up to 45.7% for a simple scaling model, and up to 54.0% for an LSTM encoder-decoder model). Finally, we discuss how our findings could benefit other business contexts.
Thomas Krendl Gilbert, Megan Welle Brozek, Andrew Brozek
AI ethics is an emerging field with multiple, competing narratives about how to best solve the problem of building human values into machines. Two major approaches are focused on bias and compliance, respectively. But neither of these ideas fully encompasses ethics: using moral principles to decide how to act in a particular situation. Our method posits that the way data is labeled plays an essential role in the way AI behaves, and therefore in the ethics of machines themselves. The argument combines a fundamental insight from ethics (i.e. that ethics is about values) with our practical experience building and scaling machine learning systems. We want to build AI that is actually ethical by first addressing foundational concerns: how to build good systems, how to define what is good in relation to system architecture, and who should provide that definition. Building ethical AI creates a foundation of trust between a company and the users of that platform. But this trust is unjustified unless users experience the direct value of ethical AI. Until users have real control over how algorithms behave, something is missing in current AI solutions. This causes massive distrust in AI, and apathy towards AI ethics solutions. The scope of this paper is to propose an alternative path that allows for the plurality of values and the freedom of individual expression. Both are essential for realizing true moral character.
Aastha Pant, Rashina Hoda, Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn
et al.
The term ethics is widely used, explored, and debated in the context of developing Artificial Intelligence (AI) based software systems. In recent years, numerous incidents have raised the profile of ethical issues in AI development and led to public concerns about the proliferation of AI technology in our everyday lives. But what do we know about the views and experiences of those who develop these systems -- the AI practitioners? We conducted a grounded theory literature review (GTLR) of 38 primary empirical studies that included AI practitioners' views on ethics in AI and analysed them to derive five categories: practitioner awareness, perception, need, challenge, and approach. These are underpinned by multiple codes and concepts that we explain with evidence from the included studies. We present a taxonomy of ethics in AI from practitioners' viewpoints to assist AI practitioners in identifying and understanding the different aspects of AI ethics. The taxonomy provides a landscape view of the key aspects that concern AI practitioners when it comes to ethics in AI. We also share an agenda for future research studies and recommendations for practitioners, managers, and organisations to help in their efforts to better consider and implement ethics in AI.
Reiniel Hernández Sierra, Darío García Luzón, Hilda Romero Zepeda
En la agricultura es necesario tomar decisiones en estrecha relación con el cuidado del medioambiente y la protección de las personas implicadas en su manejo o las comunidades que dependen de él de forma indirecta. En el presente trabajo retomaremos las consecuencias del uso de herbicidas con glifosato y valoraremos las implicaciones de su uso. Posteriormente ofreceremos al lector consideraciones desde una ética de la responsabilidad que debe regir la relación hombre-naturaleza introduciendo un cambio en el modelo economicista contemporáneo hacia un paradigma antropológico-ambiental, capaz de atender todos los intereses del hombre y procurar auténticos procesos de desarrollo sostenible.
Medical philosophy. Medical ethics, Business ethics
Marketing ethics are an integral part of the Islamic economic system which deals with values that can influence consumer behavior. This study aims to discuss the relationship between ethical concepts of marketing behavior and consumer satisfaction from an Islamic economic perspective. To reconstruct the substantive relationship between ethical concepts of marketing behavior and consumer satisfaction, the literature review analysis method is used in examining secondary sources such as the Qur'anic Tafsir, hadith, journal articles, books, and several other relevant sources. The study results found that ethical marketing behavior in Islam is believed to be conceptually related to customer satisfaction so that it can affect business development. Ethics of marketing behavior and consumer satisfaction must be considered so that the company can face competition, maintains the existence and continuity of its business so that it can provide added value and the highest satisfaction for the company, consumers, and all elements of stakeholders.
The establishment of sharia-compliant financial institutions is an effort by Muslims to live all aspects of their economic life based on the Qur'an and Hadith, and the community's need for interest-free banking. However, the development of Islamic banks around the world and in Indonesia still encounters many obstacles as they emerged amidst of the deep-rooted developments and practices of conventional banking. The success of Islamic banking is the success of implementing Islamic rules in muamalat. Nonetheless, there are still problems in their implementation. Public still doubts Islamic banks are truly Sharia-compliant. Some of the customers of Islamic banks close their accounts because they doubt the consistency of the application of Islamic principles. This is normative legal research in which the results show that Islamic banks without Islamic ethics will be trapped in an unethical Islamic business. The customers are concerned if its operational activities are mere replacement of banking terms. Additionally if it is difficult for the Islamic banks to impose sanctions to their customers as they are interest-free. There is also lack of human resources which comprehensively understand the operational systems of both conventional and Islamic banking. The implementation of a profit-sharing system requires complex calculations, particularly in the small profits shared with the customers and the not-fixed amount of savings. Although Islamic banks are oriented towards lower-income communities, there is a tendency that those who successfully get bona fide projects and credit facilities from Islamic banks are the upper class.
Keywords: Sharia Compliance; Islamic Banking; Islamic Ethics
Implementasi Kepatuhan Syariah dalam Inovasi Produk Perbankan Syariat
Abstrak
Pendirian lembaga keuangan syariah merupakan sebuah upaya dari umat Islam untuk menjalani seluruh aspek kehidupan ekonominya berdasarkan Al-Qur'an dan Hadist, serta kebutuhan masyarakat akan perbankan yang bebas bunga. Namun, perkembangan perbankan syariah di seluruh dunia dan di Indonesia masih menghadapi banyak kendala karena muncul di tengah-tengah perkembangan dan praktik perbankan konvensional yang mengakar. Keberhasilan perbankan syariah adalah penerapan aturan syariah dalam muamalat. Meskipun demikian, masih terdapat kendala-kendala dalam pelaksanaannya. Masyarakat masih meragukan perbankan syariah benar-benar berbasis syariat. Sebagian nasabah bank syariah menutup rekeningnya karena meragukan konsistensi penerapan prinsip syariat. Ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa perbankan syariah tanpa etika syariah akan terjebak dalam bisnis syariah yang tidak etis. Nasabah khawatir jika kegiatan operasional dari perbankan syariah hanya mengganti istilah perbankan konvensional, apalagi jika perbankan syariah sulit menerapkan sanksi kepada nasabahnya karena nasabah tidak dikenakan bunga. Sumber daya manusia yang memahami sistem operasional perbankan secara komprehensif masih kurang, baik konvensional maupun syariah. Penerapan sistem bagi hasil pun membutuhkan perhitungan yang rumit, terutama dalam kecilnya keuntungan yang dibagikan kepada nasabah dan jumlah tabungan yang tidak tetap. Meskipun perbankan syariah berorientasi pada masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah, namun terdapat kecenderungan bahwa yang berhasil mendapatkan proyek dan fasilitas kredit yang menguntungkan dari perbank syariah adalah kalangan atas.
Kata Kunci: Kepatuhan Syariah; Perbankan Syariah; Etika Islami