This research estimates public perceptions of corporate environmental responsibility and the use of clean energy in terms of how businesses exhibit environmentally sensitive behaviour through their operations and how clean energy is used within daily business operations. It carries out a large-scale survey among 100 participants, analyzing responses across various dimensions of corporate social responsibility, especially those relevant to environmental practices. The findings show that there is a high public expectation of business environmental responsibility, as 82% of the respondents regard it as very important for companies to undertake social responsibility activities. The same percentage (80%) feel it is essential that companies be liable for environmental damage. The same study also firmly focused on carbon emission reduction since 91% rated it somewhat or very important for companies to reduce their carbon emissions.
On the other hand, a perception gap was indicated since 52% of the respondents strongly believed that companies genuinely care about their social and environmental impact. This contrasts with the 77% of participants publicly declaring support for corporations promising to reduce environmental degradation. On the use of clean energy, while the research does not give an explicit quantitative status of the practice by corporate entities, it generally creates a good case demonstrating popular support for such corporate initiatives. A 72% rated a firm's effort to reduce its carbon footprint as essential, representing a clear expectation of adopting clean energy within corporate operations. The study finds considerable public mandate for companies to engage in environmentally sensitive business practices, including using clean energy. It also calls for improving business environmental responsibility programs, better communication transparency, prioritizing clean energy, and using environmental initiatives to gain market advantage. The findings and recommendations carry significant implications for corporate strategy, public policy, and future research in corporate social responsibility and environmental sustainability.
Objective To compare the differences in myocardial injury in rat models of exertional heat stroke (EHS) and classic heat stroke (CHS) in order to provide possible laboratory basis for clinical treatment of heat stroke. Methods A total of 80 SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=10), exercise group (EXC, n=10), classic heat stroke group (CHS, n=30) and exertional heat stroke group (EHS, n=30). The rats in the control and EXC groups were exposed to a condition of ambient temperature of (25±0.5) ℃ and relative humidity of (50±5)%, and those of the EHS and CHS groups were placed in a simulated hot climate chamber with an ambient temperature of (39.0±0.5) ℃ and a relative humidity of (50±5)%. The rats in the EHS and EXC groups were administered to treadmill exercise treatment under a running speed of 12 m/min and a slope of 0°, and rested for 2 min in every 8 min of exercise to monitor rectal temperature. When the core body temperature reached 42.3 ℃ or collapsed (tail pinching reflex disappeared), the rats were taken to normal temperature and rewarmed. Echocardiography was used to detect the cardiac function, and serum myocardial enzymes (AST, LDH, CK-MB and CK) were detected by biochemical analyzer. HE staining was used to detect the pathological changes of rat myocardial tissue. The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was detected by TUNEL staining. The expression levels of quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nrf2), cleaved Caspase-3, anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2), pro-apoptotic protein (Bax) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with the CHS group, the EHS group had significantly shortened latent period (P < 0.01) and reduced heat load in heat stroke (P < 0.01). The CHS group obtained obviously higher dehydration rate (P < 0.01) but lower dehydration velocity (P < 0.01) than the CHS group. There was no significant difference in rectal temperature between the 2 heat stroke groups (P>0.05). Echocardiography indicated that statistically lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (P < 0.05) and higher AST and LDH levels (P < 0.01) were observed in the EHS group than the CHS group. The pathological changes of acute myocardial injury including myocardial cell edema, disordered and broken muscle fibers, and inflammatory infiltration, were observed in both groups, but the pathological score of myocardial injury was notably higher in the EHS group than the CHS group (P < 0.05), so was the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes (P < 0.05). The protein levels of oxidative stress-related signaling pathway-related proteins were significantly higher in the EHS group than the CHS group. Conclusion High ambient temperature combined with exercise has a higher susceptibility to heat stroke. EHS-mediated abnormal cardiac dysfunction and myocardial apoptosis were more severe than CHS inducement, which may be related to the activation of oxidative stress-related signaling pathways.
Honey is a staple food of animal origin, with many beneficial properties, so the study of consumption and purchasing habits is an important issue. The main aim of our research is to present the market situation and conditions of the domestic beekeeping sector from the consumer's point of view. We considered it appropriate to present the beekeeping market because the European Union is the second largest honey producer in the world and Hungary is the largest honey producer in the EU. Thus, global and EU trade changes, market trends and changes in consumer habits are significant factors influencing the domestic situation. The market situation is presented through a review of the relevant domestic and foreign literature, and statistical databases (EU Member States' honey programmes, KSH, OMME, Statista databases and reports) are analysed. The research aims to find out the direction of honey consumption and purchasing patterns and trends in European honey consumption. We chose an online questionnaire survey method to assess consumption and purchasing habits in Hungary and present the results in comparison with similar Hungarian studies. To analyse the situation in Europe, we have collected and analysed relevant research reports, primary and secondary studies from several EU countries. Finally, the data from each country are compared, highlighting similarities and differences.
En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis sistemático de los testamentos otorgados por los componentes del alto clero urbano hispalense en la primera mitad del siglo XIX. Así, tras un tratamiento cuantitativo de los datos extraídos se procede a un análisis cualitativo de los mismos. De esta manera, se podrá comprender adecuadamente las distintas particularidades de los diferentes apartados que componen sus testamentos, permitiendo conocer mejor un aspecto tan importante como la preparación para la muerte dentro de este grupo social tan definido como son los miembros del cabildo catedral de Sevilla en dicho periodo de estudio.
History (General) and history of Europe, History (General)
En Tecnonacionalismo, guerra digital y videojuegos en China, Moreno, realiza un análisis sobre las implicaciones memorísticas y geopolíticas del videojuego en China, mediante una metodología fundamentalmente cualitativa y dividida en tres grandes ejes (histórico, geopolítico-geoeconómico y cultural).
In 2013, ANZJES published an article on the significance of European Union (EU) Regional Policy in the process of European integration and its implications for Asia. Over the past decade, EU Regional Policy has evolved considerably. It is still centred on facilitating European integration, but also assumes a much more central role in focusing attention on harnessing resources, intellectual and economic, in order to address major societal missions. Regional Policy, or Cohesion, funds constitute approximately one third of the total European Commission budget and are, therefore, not only an important resource for integration, but also for addressing the wider priorities around the European Green Deal, and indeed, the planet. This is evident in the proposed Multiannual Financial Framework agreed by the European Council for 2021-27, in which Cohesion funding is seen to be a crucial resource for economic and social recovery from the COVID-19 crisis. This article reviews the evolution of this thinking in the last decade and considers its growing international significance. Whilst not necessarily imagined in 2010, when the EU established its European External Action Service (EEAS), a focus on regions and their innovation systems has enabled the EU to strengthen its global influence significantly.
With the increase of revenue, including in the budget sphere, which stimulates the planning of purchases of products that could improve the quality of life, with the reduction of interest rates by banks, the citizens are increasingly stimulated to conclude credit agreements. The subjects of the civil legal relationship in consumer law must be on the one hand the consumer and on the other hand the professional, the entrepreneur, the creditor. From the essence of the notions, obtained by the common law and Directive 2008/48 / on consumer credit agreements, it follows that the notion of consumer and professional, is notions that includes the legal relationship in the sense of consumer protection law, and the notion of creditor. Through this research paper we propose to analyze the credit agreement both from the perspective of common law and agreement to special rules established by Directive no. 2008/48 and the Law Rep. of Moldova no.202 / 2013 regarding the credit agreement for consumers.
Thanks to the effect of the resources flown in to the youth football, the previous, and more simpler structural scheme of the clubs went under a transformation. I will analyse the operation of the youth sport enterprises as economic companies, and the organizational scheme with the most important managerial questions faced in the firm. This will be based on the case study of the Football Academy of Debrecen. In the first part of my publication, I will investigate the evolution and the importance of the sport enterprises, with the relevant scientific literature. In the second part I will discuss the structural scheme of the Football Academy of Debrecen with the analysis of the separate departments. I will search for the differences between the youth sport enterprises and the organisations who are operating as a professional football club.
JEL code: Z2
Here, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome of a bagrid catfish, Mystus rhegma. The whole mitogenome of M. rhegma was a circular molecule with 16,525 nucleotides, composed of 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA, 13 protein-coding genes, and a non-coding control region. The contents of A, T, C, and G are 30.89%, 26.00%, 27.43%, and 15.68%, respectively. In terms of AT and CG contents, the content of AT is obviously higher than that of CG, 56.89% and 43.11%, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis reveals that M. rhegma has a close relationship with M. mysticetus.
Maria da Conceição Lopes Ribeiro, Lélia Lessa Teixeira Pinto, Andreza Soares dos Santos
et al.
The aim of the study was to describe the logical model of a home intervention using a motivational strategy to improve physical fitness components in female older adults. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 91 elderly women between 61 and 80 years old, divided into intervention (IG) and control (CG) groups. The participants also answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic information, stage of behaviour change, physical activity and physical performance tests, before and after 12 weeks of intervention. The intervention was performed using a guide with home-based physical exercise associated with motivational strategies (telephone calls and home visits). e intervention with reduced interaction was planned to have a low financial cost, both in relation to the physical space and the materials necessary to practice the home-based physical activities, making feasible the applicability in different places. The logical model provides insight into the intervention and its phases of planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Zusammenfassung
Während seines Romaufenthaltes 1805 befasste Humboldt sich mit antiken Marmorarten und legte dazu eine Sammlung an. Zusammen mit einem unveröffentlichten Manuskript Humboldts sind Teile dieser Sammlung, Originaletiketten sowie die damalige Bestandsliste im Museum für Naturkunde Berlin erhalten. Dieses Marmor-Ensemble wird im vorliegenden Beitrag im Kontext von Reise- und Sammeltraditionen, von wissenschaftsgeschichtlichen Klassifizierungen antiker Marmore sowie in Humboldts Werkzusammenhang vorgestellt.
Abstract
During his stay in Rome in 1805, Humboldt undertook a study of antique types of marble and assembled a collection. Together with an unpublished manuscript by Humboldt, parts of this collection as well as original labels and the contemporary inventory list are preserved in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Berlin Natural History Museum). In this contribution, this marble collection is presented in the contexts of traditions of travelling and collecting, of classifications of antique marble within the history of science, and of Humboldt’s work as a whole.
Résumé
Lors de son séjour à Rome en 1805, Humboldt entreprit une étude des types de marbre anciens et rassembla une collection. Avec un manuscrit inédit de Humboldt, des parties de cette collection ainsi que des étiquettes originales et la liste contemporaine d'inventaire sont conservées au Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Musée d'histoire naturelle de Berlin). Dans cette contribution, cette collection de marbre est présentée dans le contexte des traditions de voyage et de collection, des classifications du marbre antique dans l'histoire de la science et de l'œuvre de Humboldt dans son ensemble.
Avian frugivores are of great interest to ecologists because they play an important role in ecosystem functioning, and can serve as important components in habitat restoration. In the Neotropics, observational studies have demonstrated the importance of a variety of fruit trees to numerous bird species, but undoubtedly other tree species exist that are a key resource for birds. I explored the relationship between Trema micrantha (L.) Blume, which produces superabundant fruit nearly continuously, and its disperser assemblage in Hispaniolan pine forest and montane broadleaf forest in the Sierra de Bahoruco, Dominican Republic. In 174 hours of observation at sixteen trees I recorded 513 visits by nineteen species of birds. Birds did not visit Trema in numbers reflecting their relative abundance in each habitat. The most frequent consumer of Trema fruit was the migratory Cape May Warbler, Setophaga tigrina (Gmelin, 1789), but other frequent visitors included the Black-throated Blue Warbler, S. caerulescens (Gmelin, 1789), and the endemic Palmchat, Dulus dominicus (Linnaeus, 1766), and Hispaniolan Highland-Tanager, Xenoligea montana (Chapman, 1917). I recorded 85 aggressive interactions among nine species of birds in Trema trees, with female Cape May Warblers involved in most of these. There was no evidence that Trema was dependent on any one species of bird for dispersal of its seeds, and despite the large proportion of visits by the Cape May Warbler, I found no evidence that any species of bird was dependent upon fruit from Trema. Rather, because male Cape May Warblers dominate females and defend nectar sources in these habitats, I suggest that for female Cape May Warblers, these scattered Trema trees represent a known, reliable, and accessible source of food which they can defend. Trema trees will benefit these bird species as a food resource, but may also function as a target for many other birds moving across the landscape, thereby facilitating the dispersal of a wider variety of seeds and the restoration of deforested sites.
In our busy world, where numerous people starve and where the resources are restricted, it is a key issue to pay particular attention to the topic of prevention and decrease of food loss as well as food wastage.Wastage of food produced and delivered to the end user (customer) is an issue arising globally and nationally as well, which results in efficiency loss at economic level in any case. While the FAO study mentions food waste of the order of 1.3 billion tonnes on a world scale, then the annual quantity of food waste in Hungary is estimated at about 1.8 million tonnes, which contains the waste of every member of the chain from production to consumption. On the basis of the data published by the Hungarian Food Bank (2015), the amount of food waste caused by the population is 400 000 tonnes. In compliance with our objectives, inputs – expressed by non-financial and financial indicators – emerge during production are assigned to the quantity of wasted food. Applying the aforementioned method we would like to make customers realize how many resources (land, water, artificial fertilizer, pesticide, seed and gasoil) are utilized needlessly in food verticum by the end products – at present by different breads they throw out. As our calculations prove by 10% waste of breads the utilization of 5 300 hectares of wheat land and 660 hectares of rye land can be considered unnecessary. By 10% waste of breads the financial value of the utilized resources is altogether 3.25 million EUR. Out of this the financial value of utilized artificial fertilizer is 1.10 million EUR (34%), of utilized pesticide is 1.15 million EUR (35%), of utilized gasoil is 0.70 million EUR (22%) and of utilized seed is 0.30 million EUR (9%). Among different breads, white bread is purchased in the greatest volume by the Hungarian households, from which 121 900 tonnes are bought annually on an average. This quantity is equal to almost the 40% of the annual bread sell. If 10% of purchased white bread is thrown out, it results in useless utilization of 2 676 hectares of wheat land in food verticum. The quantity of utilized water arising form wastage is 15.8 million m3. Further losses emerge as regards material inputs: artificial fertilizer- to the value of 0.50 million EUR, pesticide- to the value of 0.58 million EUR, seed to the value of 0.15 million EUR and gasoil-loss to the value of circa 0.35 million EUR. Totally, material input to the value of 1.58 million EUR is owing to the Hungarian households in case of 10% white bread wastage.
JEL code: Q53
Anca Florentina GAVRILUŢĂ (VATAMANU), Florin OPREA
This work aims to assess the impact of fiscal decentralization on local (regional) development in the EU Member States while controlling for macroeconomic and local autonomy specific factors. Using a panel data approach with dynamic effects, we examined the implications of fiscal decentralization on local development across European Union countries over the 1990-2004 period. The novelty of the study is emphasized by including in the analysis a variable which tests local fiscal discipline, more exactly, Fiscal Rule Strength Index for local level of government. Our findings suggest that prosperity of regions, measured in GDP growth depends on variables such as characteristics of decentralization undertaken by each country or local fiscal discipline, confirming our primary hypothesis. This supports the view that recently implemented reforms aiming to enforce fiscal discipline following-up the Fiscal Compact strengthened the local budgetary framework and restrained, therefore, the local discretionary power to act towards development.
Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are regions of close apposition between different organelles that contribute to the functional integration of compartmentalized cellular processes. In recent years, we have gained insight into the molecular architecture of several contact sites, as well as into the regulatory mechanisms that underlie their roles in cell physiology. We provide an overview of two selected topics where lipid metabolism intersects with MCSs and organelle dynamics. First, the role of phosphatidic acid phosphatase, Pah1, the yeast homolog of metazoan lipin, toward the synthesis of triacylglycerol is outlined in connection with the seipin complex, Fld1/Ldb16, and lipid droplet formation. Second, we recapitulate the different contact sites connecting mitochondria and the endomembrane system and emphasize their contribution to phospholipid synthesis and their coordinated regulation. A comprehensive view is emerging where the multiplicity of contact sites connecting different cellular compartments together with lipid transfer proteins functioning at more than one MCS allow for functional redundancy and cross-regulation.
Le cinéma constitue l’un des moyens de percevoir l’espace urbain de manière spécifique, notamment par les déplacements au travers des villes – tout en (se) jouant de ses effets propres : montage, temporalité, espace de l’image. Les films d’Antonioni servent bien ce propos au travers de dispositifs particuliers de mise en scène et de filmage où la voiture alliée à la caméra fait office de dispositif perceptif pertinent. Dans L’Avventura et surtout dans Blowup et Zabriskie Point, ce dispositif érige le déplacement en quasi hétérotopie tant il permet de concevoir cet entre-lieu à la fois spatial et temporel comme un espace-temps spécifique où l’image de la ville se projette et se recompose de manière poétique et mystérieuse, pleine de potentialité esthétique et sémantique.