Hasil untuk "United States"

A. Lleras-Muney, Francisco J. Ciocchini, Ana Corbacho et al.

E. Gregg, Desmond E. Williams, L. Geiss

Tara D Rachakonda, C. Schupp, A. Armstrong

Lance Bennett

R. Sandler, J. Everhart, M. Donowitz et al.

J. Rotemberg

It has often been argued that prices are sticky in the United States. However, the empirical papers that have claimed to support this view have not reflected any formal behavioral theory. This paper presents a theory that justifies price stickiness, namely, that firms, fearing to upset their customers, attribute a cost to price changes. The rational expectations equilibrium of an economy with many such firms is presented, estimated with postwar U.S. data, and tested against alternative hypotheses. The results largely support the model. Furthermore, the hypothesis that prices are not sticky is rejected by U.S. data.

A. Flexner

Youfa Wang, C. Monteiro, B. Popkin

Zhi‐Jie Zheng, J. Croft, W. Giles et al.

W. Malm, J. Sisler, D. Huffman et al.

S. Henshaw

W. Chow, S. Devesa, J. Warren et al.

J. Clark, F. Brancati, A. Diehl

D. Levy, Michelle S. Bens, G. Craun et al.

I. Mallakpour, G. Villarini

Katherine A. Fowler, L. Dahlberg, T. Haileyesus et al.

Insu Koh, E. Lonsdorf, N. Williams et al.

T. Frieden

Jiyoung Seo, Dong In Lee, Pilhyeon Lee et al.

Recognizing tool-based hand activities from a first-person view is a critical yet challenging task in computer vision, due to the complexity of hand-object interactions and often subtle, ambiguous motion patterns. In real-world manufacturing scenarios, these challenges are exacerbated by bidirectional action pairs whose visual cues are almost identical, with differences revealed only through subtle motion dynamics. However, existing datasets rarely capture these direction-sensitive interactions at scale, particularly in realistic tool-use contexts, limiting the ability of current models to learn fine-grained motion dynamics essential for accurate recognition. We introduce Ego-Bi (Egocentric-Bidirectional dataset), a large-scale, real-world egocentric RGB video dataset comprising 1,223 video sequences and 622,737 frames that cover diverse tool-use activities in unconstrained environments. Ego-Bi provides an extended 38-category hand type taxonomy, detailed object–tool labels, and challenging bidirectional action pairs, offering rich semantic and temporal cues for modeling complex hand–object interactions. In addition, to address the ambiguity in motion dynamics, we propose a BMP (Bidirectional Motion Prior module) that derives rotation and directional cues from predicted 3D hand poses to improve class separability of visually similar actions. Experimental results on Ego-Bi demonstrate that our approach improves bidirectional action recognition accuracy by + 8.96% over the baseline, while also yielding consistent gains across general action classes without requiring costly 3D pose annotations. Furthermore, the proposed motion priors generalize effectively to other egocentric benchmarks, underscoring their robustness in handling visually similar, direction-sensitive actions.

Leonie Wagner, Jan Klocke, Philipp Enghard