Hasil untuk "Social Sciences"

D. Bertaux

Mohammad Hossein Arefian

Language teacher education programs can become more reflective, inclusive, collaborative, situated, and inquiry-based. One such professional approach to incorporate these characters can be through personalized language teacher education (PLTE). Due to the importance of using AI and professional learning communities (PLCs) for developing a personalized teacher education, this study explored how AI-enhanced PLCs could be leveraged to create a more responsive, inclusive, and personalized teacher education. Still, a significant gap exists in understanding how AI can be specially integrated into PLCs to create personalized pathways for ELT preservice teachers, mainly in under-resourced contexts. To conduct this exploratory case study, 8 Iranian English language teaching (ELT) pre-service teachers were purposively selected from a teacher education university. Data was collected from group discussion, artifacts, and interviews, and the result of the thematic analysis revealed that AI-enhanced PLCs fostered personalized, reflective, and collaborative development by addressing individual teaching needs and providing innovative strategies. By addressing individual teaching needs and providing innovative instructional strategies, AI facilitated a dynamic learning environment. However, effective integration required overcoming challenges like limited AI literacy and contextual mismatches, highlighting the potential for tailored, impactful education. This study can inform teacher educators, policymakers, administrators, and teachers to integrate AI into their PLCs to develop a PLTE.

Clara Santini

Abstract: This PhD research analyzes the capacity of Territorial Food Projects (TFPs) to strengthen territorial food governance, and the processes through which such strengthening can help institutionalize a process of reterritorialization of the Territorial Food System (TFS). To answer this question, the research combined a survey of Occitanie’s TFPs, case studies and theoretical analyses, with a composite theoretical framework anchored in institutional economics. The thesis demonstrates the ability of TFPs to strengthen the potential for collective action in territories. It first characterizes the uniformity versus diversity of TFPs, between standardization by the national framework and territorial specificities expressed through governance. It then shows that the TFPs plan a systemic and structuring intervention, via an interfacing posture between niches and regime—following the multilevel perspective approach on sociotechnical transitions. Finally, the thesis highlights the contribution of TFP governance, and more specifically the complementarity of its modalities to the activation of four transition levers.

Adrián Matías Buenaño Franco, Samuel Morales Castro, Duniesky Alfonso Caveda

En los últimos años, la inteligencia artificial ha adquirido un papel relevante en diversas disciplinas, incluyendo el derecho procesal. Su implementación en los sistemas judiciales promete mejorar la eficiencia en la resolución de casos, reducir errores humanos y hacer la justicia más accesible. Sin embargo, también plantea una serie de desafíos éticos y legales, como la transparencia algorítmica, la protección de datos personales y el posible sesgo en las decisiones automatizadas. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la IA en los procesos judiciales en Ecuador, identificando sus beneficios y riesgos, y proponiendo un marco regulatorio y ético para su adecuada implementación. Para ello, se adopta un enfoque cualitativo que permite comprender las percepciones de los actores clave en el ámbito jurídico, así como analizar casos de aplicación de la IA en el sistema judicial ecuatoriano. La aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en los procesos judiciales en Ecuador representa un avance significativo en la modernización del sistema judicial, con el potencial de mejorar la eficiencia, reducir la carga laboral de los jueces y optimizar la toma de decisiones. Sin embargo, su implementación también plantea desafíos fundamentales que deben ser abordados de manera integral para garantizar su uso responsable.

Ligita Mažeikė, Arminas Vareika

Tinkama miego trukmė ir kokybė yra būtini optimaliai psichinei ir fizinei sveikatai. Karinės profesijos susiduria su unikaliais iššūkiais, tokiais kaip 36 valandų darbo pamainos, fiziškai alinantis darbas ir situacijos, dėl kurių galima susižaloti arba žūti. Pervargę kariai kenčia nuo sumažėjusio budrumo, su sprendimais susijusio reakcijos laiko, trumpalaikės atminties, navigacijos įgūdžių ir, kai kuriais atvejais, taiklumo per treniruotes suprastėjimo. Didelio fizinio ir psichinio nuovargio derinys gali padidinti traumų riziką ir sumažinti gebėjimą priimti tinkamus sprendimus reikiamu laiku. Šio tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti karinių pratybų poveikį profesionalių karių miego kokybei, kadangi dažniausi miego nepakankamumo atvejai pasitaiko per karines pratybas. Į tyrimą buvo įtraukta 10 profesionalių Lietuvos kariuomenės žvalgų būrio karių, 32,8 ± 6,9 metų amžiaus, atitinkančių pačius aukščiausius karių fizinio parengimo testo reikalavimus (≥ 270 balų). Profesionalių karių miego kokybė buvo vertinama 7 paras prieš karines pratybas, 7 paras karinių pratybų metu ir 9 paras iš karto po karinių pratybų. Visi tiriamieji dėvėjo laikrodžius „Garmin Decent G1“, kuriais buvo fiksuojami miego parodymai. Buvo registruojama bendra miego trukmė, gilaus miego, lengvo miego, REM ir būdravimo fazių trukmė. Nustatyta, kad karinių pratybų metu, karių bendra miego trukmė buvo 5,3 ± 2,9 val. per dieną (toliau – val./d.), o prieš pratybas buvo 2,3 ± 1,1 val./d. ilgesnė (p < 0,05). Po karinių pratybų karių bendra miego trukmė buvo 3,0 ± 1,1 val./d. ilgesnė nei karinių pratybų metu (p < 0,05). Taip pat po karinių pratybų karių bendra miego trukmė buvo ilgesnė 0,7 ± 0,5 val./d. lyginat su miego trukme prieš pratybas (p < 0,05). Karinių pratybų metu taip pat sutrumpėjo gilaus miego fazė. Gilaus miego fazės trukmė pratybų metu sutrumpėjo net 58 proc. (p < 0,05) lyginant su prieš pratybas buvusia, tačiau po pratybų išliko 18 proc. trumpesnė nei prieš pratybas (p < 0,05). Lengvo miego fazės trukmė buvo 93,7 ± 46,6 min. per dieną (toliau – min./d.) trumpesnė nei prieš pratybas (p < 0,05), tačiau vertinant procentais lengvo miego fazė sudarė apie 60 proc. bendros miego trukmės visuose etapuose ir tik apie 2 proc. buvo trumpesnė po karinių pratybų (p > 0,05). Karinių pratybų metu REM ir būdravimo miego fazių trukmė reikšmingai nesiskyrė nuo prieš pratybas buvusių trukmių (p > 0,05).

Juarez Cirino dos Santos

Falar sobre Juarez Tavares é uma tarefa agradável, por muitas razões: a descrição de sua personalidade sugere substantivos fortes e adjetivos dignificantes, que tornam o discurso fácil e fluente. E, na comemoração dos seus 80 anos, rodeado por amigos e admiradores, é importante destacar as dimensões filosófica, política e científica de sua personalidade carismática e comunicativa, que produzem profunda impressão em todos os que o conhecem ou com ele convivem, de uma forma ou de outra.

J. Richardson

FILALI, Tarek

This study aims to investigate the degree of application of advanced management accounting methods within Jordanian banks. The researcher tries also to assess the effect of the degree of application of advanced management accounting methods on the quality of financial reports issued by Jordanian banks. In order to achieve this objective data was collected through the distribution of 45 questionnaires to the financial managers and chief accountants of ten commercial banks operating in Jordan. Only 40 questionnaires have been subjected to the process of statistical analysis in order to construct the model of the study, In addition to the use of descriptive statistical techniques of analysis of variance. The results showed that the level of use of the targeted management accounting methods represented in activity based costing, target costing, total quality management respectively within the subjected banks was acceptable. The study also found that there was a significant relationship between the degree of application of our targeted management accounting methods and the quality of financial reports issued by Jordanian banks. Therefore, the paper recommended that management of the subjected banks should improve their usage of advanced management accounting methods which is presently fair but not sufficient and involve accountants and financial managers in the decision making process.

Fitra Dharma, Mega Metalia, Sari Indah Oktanti Sembiring

Inseparable from managing regional fixed assets is the quality of information or data utilized by each unit. The quality of accounting information in government is heavily dependent on the leadership's commitment, the effectiveness of internal control, and the execution of good governance, according to various published works; nevertheless, this must be demonstrated further. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the link and size of the influence of these three elements on the quality of accounting information and their impact on the efficacy of local government fixed asset management. In Indonesia, 34 provincial governments, 416 district governments, and 98 city governments were surveyed for this quantitative research. This study included 529 participants. The research data was gathered using a questionnaire instrument that included in-person interviews—data analysis using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with Lisrel 8.8 statistical software. The explanation of research findings is both descriptive and causally explanatory. In general, local governments in Indonesia have excellent accounting data and management of fixed assets. In carrying out local government tasks, the local government has also built an effective internal control system and excellent governance. The study's findings demonstrate that the effectiveness of internal control and the function of good governance substantially impact the quality of accounting data. Similarly, leadership commitment, the importance of good governance, and the accuracy of accounting information substantially impact the success of fixed asset management. However, internal control efficacy does not significantly impact managing local governments' fixed assets

Gioel Gioacchino

El Juego is a multicultural community of 30 people that exists as a permanent laboratory of conflict resolution and healing. Two and a half years ago, during the pandemic and after four years of living as nomads, we bought together one hundred and forty hectares in San Rafael, Antioquia, to live in close connection with nature and promote reforestation by creating a natural reserve. In this article, we share some of our reflections and experiences of collective healing. We do so through an exercise in autoethnography carried out by two members of our community following the death of Camelia, one of our horses. We then pull out themes that appeared in the autoethnographic pieces, sharing our reflections on developing a more intimate relationship with nature. In the discussion, we draw on the literature on anarchism and Indigenous ways of knowing and enrich it with the lived experience of the community.

Sujoy Chakravarty

Victor S. Mogajane, Engelina du Plessis, Elmarie Slabbert

Orientation: This study investigates and analyses the perceptions of soccer club managers based on spectators’ loyalty factors, values and challenges concerning soccer clubs in South Africa. Research purpose: These results could assist managers of soccer clubs to be able to manage these aspects in order to sustain a competitive advantage. Motivation for the study: This study could contribute to deeper insight into the role of spectators’ loyalty, value and how it could contribute to the development of soccer partnerships in South Africa. Research design, approach and method: In the case of this study, qualitative research was done to obtain relevant information from the senior management of the nine clubs with regard to the aspects of loyalty, the role of spectators within the clubs and the challenges faced by club managers to gain loyal spectators. During face-to-face interviews, the senior management were assured that their answers are confidential and would be used for the purpose of this study as a means of ensuring trustworthiness and qualitativeness. Selecting these people was based on their relevance for the study and their status in the senior management. Each club session interview took one and a half hours at a central location convenient for respondents. The same researcher was present during each of the club’s meetings to keep data accurate and consistent. Notes were taken and all sessions were recorded. Respondents in the interview were informed about the aims and procedures of the study. Main findings: The value of spectators to soccer clubs in South Africa was identified to be commercial value, partnerships value, marketing value and spiritual shareholders value. Marketers need to be aware of their spectators’ needs in order to build the relationship and should focus on commitment, customer satisfaction and customer retention as well as trust and brand identification aspects when developing marketing strategies. Practical/managerial implications: The challenges faced by managers to sustain loyalty to their clubs were identified as absence of heroes, economic climate, safety and security, marketing and public relations. Managers of clubs need to develop their clubs to surpass their current levels of loyal membership and supporters and establish the brand identity of their clubs to increase the satisfaction of their current spectators and to earn more club money for the players. Contribution/value-add: As stated above, this study focused on assessing the importance of spectators with regard to soccer clubs in South Africa from a management perspective, which could be utilised to gain competitive advantage.

M. F. Fedyshyn, M. G. Marich, A. S. Abramova

Проведено аналіз стану банківського кредитування реального сектору. Оцінено масштаби обсягів кредитів для фінансування суб’єктів реальної економіки. З метою визначення впливу банківського кредитування на стан реальної економіки встановлено залежність між обсягом кредитів, наданими банками в економіку країни, активами банківської галузі та основним макроекономічним показником – ВВП.  Проведено факторний аналіз впливу кредитоутворюючих чинників на стан розвитку реального сектора економіки в умовах економічної нестабільності. Визначено, що система кредитування реального сектору економіки в Україні потребує суттєвого переосмислення в напрямі орієнтації банківських установ на першочергове кредитування пріоритетних у національній економіці видів діяльності.

Andrew J. Macnab

Not required    Accepted 31 October 2017

P. Mabry, D. H. Olster, G. Morgan et al.

Luis Márquez

Se plantea como hipótesis que la percepción de seguridad tiene un efecto significativo en la predicción de la demanda por la integración bicicleta-metro. Para demostrar dicha hipótesis, se calibraron dos modelos: un modelo logit mixto y un modelo integrado de elección y variable latente, cuya estimación se hizo en forma simultánea por máxima verosimilitud simulada. La estimación empleó datos de una muestra tomada en la localidad de Kennedy, que no solo es la más poblada de Bogotá sino que será el punto de partida de la primera línea del metro. La evidencia empírica respaldó la hipótesis planteada, encontrándose que el modelo mixto sobreestima la demanda, especialmente en los escenarios que no consideraron la provisión de carriles exclusivos para bicicleta. Se encontraron, además, diferencias significativas en la percepción de seguridad de la bicicleta para usuarios de motocicletas, taxis y servicio público, y en general para los individuos según el nivel de ingreso.

MARINA TAVARES COSTA NÓBREGA, JULLIANA CARIRY PALHANO FREIRE, EDUARDO DIAS RIBEIRO

A mulher e mãe tem um papel fundamental dentro do núcleo familiar. Elas exercem influência significativa, principalmente em relação à saúde, pois atuam como agentes multiplicadoras de informações, atitudes e conhecimentos voltados para a manutenção e promoção da sua saúde e de sua família. Tendo em vista o impacto social ligado ao entendimento de gestantes e mães sobre saúde bucal e assistência especializada, o presente estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca do conhecimento dessas mulheres sobre o assunto. Foram analisados artigos científicos obtidos da base de dados Scientific Electronic Online(SCIELO), do período de 2004 a 2015.Totalizando-se 18 estudos, que utilizavam questionários ou entrevistas acerca da percepção de gestantes e mães sobre saúde bucal, no Brasil. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento de gestantes e mães sobre saúde bucal ainda precisa melhorar, e que mitos e medos são propagados entre elas em relação ao tratamento odontológico durante a gravidez, sendo necessária uma maior preocupação no desenvolvimento de ações de promoção de saúde.

Colle Said

Education is a matter of life and life (life is education and education is life). The whole process of life and human life is a process of education. That’s the reason why the first paragraph in Qur’an is paragraph on education dropped the first five verses of surah al-‘Alaq. The paradigm of education in the perspective of surah al-‘Alaq verse 1-5, aims to develop basic human potential, so that he can become a caliph in the earth. Education can play a humanitarian role as a caliph on earth, is education that refers to a conceptual foundation, namely education based on two fundamental teachings of the Muslim beliefs and morals are as hinted in surah al-‘Alaq verses 1-5. Through education pattern-based beliefs or morals, human being smart, have the provision of living a life in dignity, peaceful, responsible, confident and not easily manipulated.

Anna E. Gorokhova

Retracted articleThe subject / topic: The subject of this article is very actual in the light of formation of post-industrial economy and need of improvement of methods, tools and mechanisms of management of economic subjects. The main reason for low efficiency of the industrial enterprises consists now that the developed stereotypes of managing and the applied methods of management don't conform to requirements of market economy. In article advantages of introduction of instruments of strategic management in activity of the industrial enterprises are considered.The purpose / objectives: The purpose of article is the analysis of the directions of improvement of strategic management of the industrial enterprise in modern economic conditions. Objectives of the article: To investigate differences of strategic management of the industrial enterprise from traditional, to analyse modern strategy of the industrial enterprises, to reveal their features and scopes.Methodology: A methodical basis of this article are comparative methods of the analysis.The Results: Difference of strategic management of the industrial enterprise from the traditional is investigated. Possibility of strategic development of the industrial companies only at systematic introduction of innovations is proved. Modern strategy of development of the industrial enterprises are analysed: modern strategy of development in retail networks of sales of mobile phones, outsourcing strategy, strategy of development of the company on the basis of a matrix «a growth / share of the market», strategy of fight for intellectual leadership, strategy of ecosystems of J. F. Moore; their features and scopes are revealed.Conclusions / significance: It is necessary to expand practical use of instruments of strategic management in activity of the industrial enterprises as they allow to increase management efficiency as a result of the accounting of opportunities and threats of environment and current state of the enterprise, its strong and weaknesses. Practical application of results of this work will allow to improve procedures of strategic management of the industrial enterprises taking into account current economic and social trends.