Hasil untuk "Religious ethics"

Isnain La Harisi, Marwan Mas’ud, Ali Imran et al.

The rapid expansion of social media has reshaped the landscape of Islamic da’wah in Indonesia, with algorithms playing an increasingly important role in the circulation of religious content. This exploratory qualitative study examines how platform algorithms influence the distribution of digital da’wah, how religious authority is renegotiated in online environments, and how Muslim users respond to algorithm-mediated religious messages. The study combines digital ethnography, social media content analysis, and an exploratory questionnaire involving seven active young social media users. The findings show that algorithms significantly shape the visibility of da’wah content and influence everyday encounters with religious messages. The study also identifies an authority paradox: although users continue to value preachers with strong religious education, the content they encounter most frequently is often determined by algorithmic visibility rather than scholarly depth. This situation produces a hybrid form of religious authority in which scholarship, communicative style, and platform performance increasingly intersect. Theoretically, this article contributes to digital religion studies by linking algorithmic mediation with the transformation of religious authority and audience reception. In practice, it highlights the need for credible digital da’wah that integrates scholarly rigor, Islamic communication ethics, and digital literacy in algorithm-driven environments.

Hector Galindo-Silva

The European colonization of sub-Saharan Africa drove a massive shift from indigenous religions to Christianity, yet the channels through which this transformation occurred remain poorly understood. Using a geographic regression discontinuity design at colonial borders in sub-Saharan Africa, I find that Christian adherence is substantially higher under French and Portuguese direct rule than under British indirect rule -- a gap that implies a correspondingly greater persistence of traditional religions where indirect rule prevailed. Neither mission presence nor pre-colonial political centralization can account for the discontinuity. Instead, the evidence points to the disruption of the inherited social order as the key channel: where direct rule eroded rigid traditional social structures, Christianity -- which bypassed hereditary boundaries -- expanded to fill the void; where indirect rule preserved them, indigenous religions endured. These findings shed light on the dynamics of religious identity change and how it was shaped by colonialism.

Tom Bisson, Henriette Voelker, Sanddhya Jayabalan et al.

Large language model (LLM)-based AI agents are increasingly capable of complex clinical reasoning and may soon participate in medical decision-making with limited or no real-time human oversight. This shift raises fundamental questions about how the core principles of medical ethics (i.e., beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice) can be upheld when the clinical responsibility extends to autonomous systems. Here we propose an ethics-by-design framework for medical AI agents comprising six practical interventions: auditable ethical reasoning modules, explicit human override conditions, structured patient preference profiles, AI-specific ethics oversight tools, global benchmarking repositories for ethical scenarios, and regulatory sandboxes for real-world evaluation. Together, these mechanisms aim to operationalize ethical governance for emerging clinical AI agents. https://github.com/BissonTom/Ethical-Governance-of-Medical-AI-Agents

Taufik Mustofa, Nurhasan Nurhasan, Nur Aini Farida et al.

The increasingly alarming global environmental crisis, accompanied by the complexity of ecological problems at the local level, demands innovation in educational practices, including in the context of Islamic Religious Education, in order to internalize ecological awareness based on spiritual values and religious ethics. This study aims to analyze the integration of ecotheological values into the PAI curriculum with the perspective of Green Islamic Education in secondary schools in Karawang Regency. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis, with source and method triangulation techniques to ensure data validity. The results showed that the integration of ecotheological values has been carried out through three main approaches, namely strengthening students' spiritual awareness of nature as a manifestation of God's power (ayat kauniyah), applying ecological ethics in learning and school activities, and developing real environmental-based actions such as greening programs, waste management, and community-based projects. Nevertheless, the integration has not been fully optimized because it still faces obstacles such as limited resources, lack of teacher training, and policy support that has not been maximized. This research emphasizes the importance of strengthening the capacity of PAI teachers, developing an adaptive curriculum, and supporting sustainability-based education policies. Thus, this research not only enriches the study of Islamic education and ecology, but also provides a conceptual and practical basis for the development of contextual, visionary, and sustainability-oriented PAI curriculum. This contribution emphasizes the significance of the role of Islamic education in forming a religious generation that has ecological awareness, environmental ethics, and a real commitment to the preservation of the earth as God's mandate.

Mohammed Osman Nindow

This paper explores language choice in Islamic discourse, focusing on Tafseer sessions at Masjidul Qudwah. Three languages- Arabic, Dagbani, and English—are employed for various purposes. Arabic is the primary language due to its doctrinal significance, facilitating deeper commentary. Dagbani, the dominant local language, reflects community usage and accessibility. English, though not commonly spoken locally, is utilized to engage a wider audience, particularly through social media. Despite the presence of larger mosques conducting Tafseer in Ramadan, Masjidul Qudwah stands out for its multilingual approach. The preference for English and Dagbani over Hausa, despite the latter’s prevalence among the Zongo communities, underscores unique linguistic dynamics. The data for this study was gathered during Ramadan of 2023. Videos of the daily tafseer sessions were downloaded from the Facebook wall of Masjidul Qudwah while the researcher was away from Tamale, where the mosque is located. The videos were transcribed and studied, paying attention to the number of languages used. This study suggests that future research should conduct a comparative analysis of language choices in Tafseer, particularly between English and Hausa alongside Dagbani, offering insights into how language choice shapes interpretations and engagement with the Qur’an.

Ivan Syaputra Zaid, Romlah Romlah

Purpose: This study examines how Islamic Religious Education operates not merely as a curricular obligation but as an institutional ethical practice that shapes students’ engagement through social and moral formation. Moving beyond a compliance-oriented view of religious instruction, the study explores how institutional ethics influence students’ attention, participation, and commitment within everyday school practices. Method: The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with a field-based design. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with Islamic Religious Education teachers, students, and parents, and institutional documentation. The study was conducted in a public senior high school context. Data analysis followed an interactive model involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, supported by credibility checks to ensure trustworthiness. Findings: The findings reveal that student engagement in Islamic Religious Education is socially formed through three interrelated dimensions. First, ethical teaching practices foster attentive participation by framing religious learning as meaningful rather than obligatory. Second, students’ use of discretionary time reflects negotiated commitment, where learning occurs selectively and is shaped by both institutional expectations and personal agency. Third, participation in classroom interaction and religious extracurricular activities demonstrates that engagement is sustained when ethical values are embedded in institutional routines rather than imposed through formal authority. These dynamics indicate a shift from procedural compliance toward moral commitment. Significance: This study contributes to religious and social studies by reframing Islamic Religious Education as a site of institutional ethical formation rather than solely an instructional process. It offers an empirical basis for understanding how religious education can cultivate sustained engagement through ethical governance and social interaction, providing insights relevant to scholars and practitioners concerned with religion, education, and institutional morality.

James Brusseau

Acceleration ethics addresses the tension between innovation and safety in artificial intelligence. The acceleration argument is that risks raised by innovation should be answered with still more innovating. This paper summarizes the theoretical position, and then shows how acceleration ethics works in a real case. To begin, the paper summarizes acceleration ethics as composed of five elements: innovation solves innovation problems, innovation is intrinsically valuable, the unknown is encouraging, governance is decentralized, ethics is embedded. Subsequently, the paper illustrates the acceleration framework with a use-case, a generative artificial intelligence language tool developed by the Canadian telecommunications company Telus. While the purity of theoretical positions is blurred by real-world ambiguities, the Telus experience indicates that acceleration AI ethics is a way of maximizing social responsibility through innovation, as opposed to sacrificing social responsibility for innovation, or sacrificing innovation for social responsibility.

Chang Hong, Minghao Wu, Qingying Xiao et al.

The integration of large language models into healthcare necessitates a rigorous evaluation of their ethical reasoning, an area current benchmarks often overlook. We introduce PrinciplismQA, a comprehensive benchmark with 3,648 questions designed to systematically assess LLMs' alignment with core medical ethics. Grounded in Principlism, our benchmark features a high-quality dataset. This includes multiple-choice questions curated from authoritative textbooks and open-ended questions sourced from authoritative medical ethics case study literature, all validated by medical experts. Our experiments reveal a significant gap between models' ethical knowledge and their practical application, especially in dynamically applying ethical principles to real-world scenarios. Most LLMs struggle with dilemmas concerning Beneficence, often over-emphasizing other principles. Frontier closed-source models, driven by strong general capabilities, currently lead the benchmark. Notably, medical domain fine-tuning can enhance models' overall ethical competence, but further progress requires better alignment with medical ethical knowledge. PrinciplismQA offers a scalable framework to diagnose these specific ethical weaknesses, paving the way for more balanced and responsible medical AI.

Anshu M Mittal, P D Parthasarathy, Swaroop Joshi

The pervasive integration of artificial intelligence (AI) across domains such as healthcare, governance, finance, and education has intensified scrutiny of its ethical implications, including algorithmic bias, privacy risks, accountability, and societal impact. While ethics has received growing attention in computer science (CS) education more broadly, the specific pedagogical treatment of {AI ethics} remains under-examined. This study addresses that gap through a large-scale analysis of 3,395 publicly accessible syllabi from CS and allied areas at leading Indian institutions. Among them, only 75 syllabi (2.21%) included any substantive AI ethics content. Three key findings emerged: (1) AI ethics is typically integrated as a minor module within broader technical courses rather than as a standalone course; (2) ethics coverage is often limited to just one or two instructional sessions; and (3) recurring topics include algorithmic fairness, privacy and data governance, transparency, and societal impact. While these themes reflect growing awareness, current curricular practices reveal limited depth and consistency. This work highlights both the progress and the gaps in preparing future technologists to engage meaningfully with the ethical dimensions of AI, and it offers suggestions to strengthen the integration of AI ethics within computing curricula.

Dennis Müller

The mathematisation of the socio-economic sphere, where mathematics actively constructs social reality, presents a challenge for studies on ethics in mathematics and its education. While existing scholarship on ethics in mathematics offers insights, it often remains philosophically driven and disconnected from other relevant disciplines. This paper addresses this gap by asking how debates on ethics in mathematics and its education can be connected with economic sociology, and what socio-economic tensions become visible through this connection. Drawing from concepts such as imagined futures, varieties of capitalism, and variegated capitalism, we synthesise a new perspective. This analysis reveals six interconnected tensions: a socio-economic valuation gap regarding ethics education; the multifaceted implementation of mathematics across different capitalist systems; its material opaqueness; a growing gap between economic power and social unaccountability; the enclosure of imagination limiting sustainable futures; and the erosion of multilateralism, which challenges critical pedagogy. The paper's contribution is a first step towards a structural socio-economic framework that links the limited literature on ethics in mathematics with these broader sociological perspectives.

Hari Shankar, Vedanta S P, Tejas Cavale et al.

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of generating opinions and propagating bias unknowingly, originating from unrepresentative and non-diverse data collection. Prior research has analysed these opinions with respect to the West, particularly the United States. However, insights thus produced may not be generalized in non-Western populations. With the widespread usage of LLM systems by users across several different walks of life, the cultural sensitivity of each generated output is of crucial interest. Our work proposes a novel method that quantitatively analyzes the opinions generated by LLMs, improving on previous work with regards to extracting the social demographics of the models. Our method measures the distance from an LLM's response to survey respondents, through Hamming Distance, to infer the demographic characteristics reflected in the model's outputs. We evaluate modern, open LLMs such as Llama and Mistral on surveys conducted in various global south countries, with a focus on India and other Asian nations, specifically assessing the model's performance on surveys related to religious tolerance and identity. Our analysis reveals that most open LLMs match a single homogeneous profile, varying across different countries/territories, which in turn raises questions about the risks of LLMs promoting a hegemonic worldview, and undermining perspectives of different minorities. Our framework may also be useful for future research investigating the complex intersection between training data, model architecture, and the resulting biases reflected in LLM outputs, particularly concerning sensitive topics like religious tolerance and identity.

Rubiani Rubiani

Character education is an attempt to apply religious values, morals, ethics to students through science, assisted by parents, teachers, and the community which is very important in the formation and development of students' character. Every child has good potential from birth,but this potential must be honed and socialized properly so that the character of each child is formed and developed to its full potential. In this digital era, children easily use digital media. The digital age which not only has positive impacts, but also negative impacts becomes its own task for educators, parents and adult communities in guiding and monitoring what children do with these digital media, so that children are able to utilize their digital media as much as possible and get the benefits that they can both for himself and his life.

Ahmad Rifki Munawar, Adji Saputra Cendana, Nasya Tisfa Taudiyah

This research aims to analyze the fatwa issued by Dar al-Ifta concerning solutions to spiritual laziness in worship, focusing on its relevance and applicability in modern Muslim contexts. Employing a qualitative content analysis methodology, the study examines primary fatwa texts alongside classical Islamic jurisprudence and contemporary psychological theories to understand the fatwa’s multi-dimensional approach. The results reveal that Dar al-Ifta advocates a gradual and mindful practice of worship, emphasizing consistent small acts to overcome inner resistance, thereby integrating spiritual and behavioral insights. This approach not only reinforces traditional Islamic teachings but also aligns with modern habit formation principles, making the fatwa particularly relevant for Muslims navigating contemporary challenges such as digital distractions and psychological fatigue. The originality of this research lies in its interdisciplinary analysis, bridging fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) with behavioral science to provide a comprehensive understanding of spiritual laziness and its remedies. The study’s implications extend to religious scholars, counselors, and practitioners, suggesting that fatwas can function effectively as holistic tools that address both spiritual and psychological dimensions of worship. This highlights the importance of contextualizing religious rulings within modern life to enhance their practical impact and foster sustained religious commitment.

P. H. F. Camargo, J. V. G. N. de Moraes, L. M. Vitorino

Introduction Depression is a major concern among homeless individuals. Studies link religiosity and spirituality (RS) with lesser depressive symptoms, but evidence is scarce among the homeless. Objectives This study aims to assess the association between RS and depressive symptoms in homeless individuals in Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 456 homeless individuals in São Paulo, Brazil. It received approval from the Ethics and Research Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of Itajubá, Brazil. We used adjusted linear regression models to analyze the association between RS and participants’ depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). We used the P-DUREL to measure religiosity, FACIT-Sp12 for spirituality, and the Brief-RCOPE scale for religious-spiritual coping strategies. Results Out of 482 invited participants, 456 (94.6%) completed all questionaries, mostly males (75%) with an average age of 44.53 (SD 12.62) years. About 49.6% had depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥10 points). After controlling for sociodemographic and health variables, factors such as temple/church attendance (≥ 3 times per month), increased religiousness (both organizational and intrinsic), positive religious/spiritual coping, and peace, faith and meaning were inversely related to depressive symptoms. Conversely, dysfunctional use of RS, such as in negative spiritual-religious coping strategies, correlated with heightened depressive symptoms. Conclusions High depressive symptom prevalence was found among Brazilian homeless individuals. Functional use of RS was negatively linked to depressive symptoms, while dysfunctional RS, like negative spiritual-religious coping strategies, correlated with higher depressive symptoms. These findings can aid healthcare professionals, particularly psychologists and psychiatrists, in addressing RS in the homeless population. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Husnul Khotimah, Fahmi Darusti, Rahmatullah Rahmatullah et al.

The relationship between ethics and scientific knowledge has significant consequences for education and community development in the 21st century. Rapid technological advances and globalization have resulted in value abrasion (the erosion of religious and national cultural values). This study starts from the idea that rapidly developing science without a moral basis risks causing value disorientation and misuse of science. The purpose of this study is to analyze the conceptual relationship between morality and science, the challenges of integrating moral values in the scientific process, and the ethical implications of modern technological innovations, such as artificial intelligence and biotechnology. This type of research is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with inclusion criteria: scientific journals that discuss ‘the relationship between morality and science’ and ‘challenges and implications in the modern era’, published in 2015-2024, indexed by Google Scholar, and indexed by the Science and Technology Index (SINTA). The results show that separating science and morality can cause a humanitarian crisis, but combining the two can be the basis for sustainable, civilized progress. Therefore, it is necessary to recontextualize education and scientific practices based on universal ethical values. This research has implications for the importance of building a broad scientific paradigm that not only prioritizes profit and truth but also has moral responsibility.

Vanessa Aisyahsari Hanschke, Dylan Rees, Merve Alanyali et al.

Researchers urge technology practitioners such as data scientists to consider the impacts and ethical implications of algorithmic decisions. However, unlike programming, statistics, and data management, discussion of ethical implications is rarely included in standard data science training. To begin to address this gap, we designed and tested a toolbox called the data ethics emergency drill (DEED) to help data science teams discuss and reflect on the ethical implications of their work. The DEED is a roleplay of a fictional ethical emergency scenario that is contextually situated in the team's specific workplace and applications. This paper outlines the DEED toolbox and describes three studies carried out with two different data science teams that iteratively shaped its design. Our findings show that practitioners can apply lessons learnt from the roleplay to real-life situations, and how the DEED opened up conversations around ethics and values.

Linda Battistuzzi, Lucrezia Grassi, Antonio Sgorbissa

Ethical sensitivity, generally defined as a person's ability to recognize ethical issues and attribute importance to them, is considered to be a crucial competency in the life of professionals and academics and an essential prerequisite to successfully meeting ethical challenges. A concept that first emerged in moral psychology almost 40 years ago, ethical sensitivity has been widely studied in healthcare, business, and other domains. Conversely, it appears to have received little to no attention within the robotics community, even though choices in the design and deployment of robots are likely to have wide-ranging, profound ethical impacts on society. Due to the negative repercussions that a lack of ethical sensitivity can have in these contexts, promoting the development of ethical sensitivity among roboticists is imperative, and endeavoring to train this competency becomes a critical undertaking. Therefore, as a first step in this direction and within the context of a broader effort aimed at developing an online interactive ethics training module for roboticists, we conducted a qualitative exploration of the ethical sensitivity of a sample of Ph.D. students in robotics using case vignettes that exemplified ethical tensions in disaster robotics.

Odey, Elizabeth Akpanke, Ekeke, Charles Emeka, Asuquo, Offiong Offiong et al.

Pentecostal Movements are those Christian religious movements founded in the 1950s and 1960s to date. Pentecostal environmentalism focuses attention on the need to maintain the environment according to the dictate of the Christian religious injunctions. This practice is achieved through the practice of sacred place, which is a designation of some earth surface as holy ground, and is retained for religious and spiritual purposes. These places include mountains, hills, rivers, streams, valley etc. and are deemed to possess religious mysteries and potent spiritual qualities. This practice is also observed in the Old Testament and is also part of the practice of the African traditional religions. In similar fashion, the Pentecostal movement shares many elements of traditional practices and the Old Testament, and as such sacred place has found its way into the practices of the Pentecostal movement. Environmental degradation, pollution, climate change, deforestation are all major global challenges today. Hence, the practice of sacred places and environmental ethics are among several efforts that can be used to tackle the problem of biodiversity loss arising from a range of environmental challenges. Furthermore, Pentecostal environmentalism further engages in the debate on eco-theology. This paper, therefore, serves as a platform to showcase the efforts of the Pentecostal movement towards ecological preservation, biodiversity conservation and the debate among scholars of eco-theology through environmental ethics and sacred places within the purview of Pentecostal religious spirituality. The paper employed a literary descriptive method since the research is qualitative in nature.

D. Etienne de Villiers

The objective of the article was to get more clarity on what morality is by addressing the question: ‘Can, in spite of undeniable adaptation and change through the ages, core elements of morality be detected that might be regarded as constitutive of morality?’ The method followed was to undertake a historical exploration of some of the pivotal factors contributing to the historical development of morality. An attempt was first made to identify the most important historical sources of morality. This was followed by a discussion of the social function and characteristics morality displayed in history. The article came to the conclusion that morality is a normative social institution with distinctive and stable core constituents: a core function of enhancing cooperation in communities by providing normative guidance to members on the fair advancement of wellbeing, a set of moral values attuned to the fulfilment of this function, a set of mechanisms to motivate people to act in accordance with the moral values and approved ways to make moral decisions in concrete situations based on the moral values. At the same time, morality is a flexible social institution that adapts to changes in the social and cultural environment. Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The research undertaken in the article drew on research findings in the fields of religious ethics, philosophy, evolutionary ethics, and psychology. Research results present religious and philosophical ethics with the challenge to critically evaluate the conception of morality they take as point of departure.

Joseph S. Schafer, Kate Starbird

Traditional research ethics has mainly and rightly been focused on making sure that participants are treated safely, justly, and ethically, to avoid the violation of their rights or putting participants in harm's way. Information integrity research within CSCW has also correspondingly mainly focused on these issues, and the focus of internet research ethics has primarily focused on increasing protections of participant data. However, as branches of internet research focus on more fraught contexts such as information integrity and problematic information, more explicit consideration of other ethical frames and subjects is warranted. In this workshop paper, we argue that researcher protections should be more explicitly considered and acknowledged in these studies, and should be considered alongside more standard ethical considerations for participants and for broader society.