Group recommendation systems play a pivotal role in supporting collective decisions across various contexts, from leisure activities to organizational team-building. Existing group recommendation approaches typically use either handcrafted aggregation rules (e.g. mean, least misery, weighted sum) or neural aggregation models (e.g. attention-based deep learning frameworks), yet both fall short in distinguishing leader-dominated from collaborative groups and often misrepresent true group preferences, especially when a single member disproportionately influences group choices. To address these limitations, we propose the Dual-stream Adaptive Leadership Identification (DALI) framework, which uniquely combines the symbolic reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with neural network-based representation learning. Specifically, DALI introduces two key innovations: a dynamic rule generation module that autonomously formulates and evolves identification rules through iterative performance feedback, and a neuro-symbolic aggregation mechanism that concurrently employs symbolic reasoning to robustly recognize leadership groups and attention-based neural aggregation to accurately model collaborative group dynamics. Experiments conducted on the Mafengwo travel dataset confirm that DALI significantly improves recommendation accuracy compared to existing frameworks, highlighting its capability to dynamically adapt to complex, real-world group decision environments.
Hospital administration departments handle a wide range of operational tasks and, in large hospitals, process over 10,000 requests per day, driving growing interest in LLM-based automation. However, prior work has focused primarily on patient--physician interactions or isolated administrative subtasks, failing to capture the complexity of real administrative workflows. To address this gap, we propose H-AdminSim, a comprehensive end-to-end simulation framework that combines realistic data generation with multi-agent-based simulation of hospital administrative workflows. These tasks are quantitatively evaluated using detailed rubrics, enabling systematic comparison of LLMs. Through FHIR integration, H-AdminSim provides a unified and interoperable environment for testing administrative workflows across heterogeneous hospital settings, serving as a standardized testbed for assessing the feasibility and performance of LLM-driven administrative automation.
Carsten Ellwein, Jingxi Zhang, Andreas Wortmann
et al.
In manufacturing, digital twins, realized as Asset Administration Shells (AAS), have emerged as a prevalent practice. These digital replicas, often utilized as structured repositories of asset-related data, facilitate interoperability across diverse systems. However, extant approaches treat the AAS as a static information model, lacking support for dynamic service integration and system adaptation. The existing body of literature has not yet thoroughly explored the potential for integrating executable behavior, particularly in the form of containerized services, into or from the AAS. This integration could serve to enable proactive functionality. In this paper, we propose a submodel-based architecture that introduces a structured service notion to the AAS, enabling services to dynamically interact with and adapt AAS instances at runtime. This concept is implemented through the extension of a submodel with behavioral definitions, resulting in a modular event-driven architecture capable of deploying containerized services based on embedded trigger conditions. The approach is illustrated through a case study on a 3-axis milling machine. Our contribution enables the AAS to serve not only as a passive digital representation but also as an active interface for executing added-value services.%, thereby laying the foundation for future AI-driven adaptation and system-level intelligence in digital twin environments.
Future vehicles are expected to dynamically deploy in-vehicle applications within a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) while critical services continue to operate under hard real-time constraints. Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) on the in-vehicle Ethernet layer is dedicated to ensure deterministic communication between critical services; its Credit-Based Shaper (CBS) supports dynamic resource reservations. However, the dynamic nature of service deployment challenges network resource configuration, since any new reservation may change the latency of already validated flows. Standard methods of worst-case latency analysis for CBS have been found incorrect, and current TSN stream reservation procedures lack mechanisms to signal application layer Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements or verify deadlines. In this paper, we propose and validate a QoS negotiation scheme that interacts with the TSN network controller to reserve resources while ensuring latency bounds. For the first time, this work comparatively evaluates reservation schemes using worst-case analysis and simulations of a realistic In-Vehicle Network (IVN) and demonstrates their impact on QoS guarantees, resource utilization, and setup times. We find that only one reservation scheme utilizing per-queue delay budgets and network calculus provides valid configurations and guarantees acceptable latency bounds throughout the IVN. The proposed service negotiation mechanism efficiently establishes 450 vehicular network reservations in just 11ms.
Manuel Dizenhaus, Franco De Simone, German A. Patterson
We investigate the influence of an anonymous leader on a collective of self-propelled robots using Kilobot experiments and numerical simulations. A single leader alternated deterministically between clockwise and counterclockwise motion, while the other robots followed a stochastic majority rule. Although the leader does not change global order, it induces correlations with the collective response that peak at intermediate perturbation levels, resembling stochastic resonance. Simulations confirm that this resonance occurs when the leader's reversal period matches the mean residence time of the unperturbed system. Our results contribute to understanding decision-making in active matter and suggesting principles for steering robotic swarms with minimal leadership input.
This article explores the platformisation of tourism encounters, focusing on platform-mediated free tours as emerging digital intermediaries. Despite their rapid growth, free tours face regulatory challenges and remain underdeveloped in the literature. Through literature review and systematic bibliometric analysis, we examine key concepts shaping this innovation in tourism platforms. Recent publications, mainly by European scholars, feature case studies of European cities in geography and hospitality/tourism journals. Content analysis reveals four thematic categories: economic, geographical-spatial, legal, and social. However, a coherent research agenda is lacking. We propose theoretical and empirical questions to guide future research, advocating for a conceptual framework integrating the platform economy, tourism experiences, and the encounter itself. This framework contributes to understanding tourism encounters within the context of free tours, emphasizing the theoretical intersection of these concepts..
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, The city as an economic factor. City promotion
Administrative burden has been growing in organizations despite many counterproductive effects. We develop a system dynamics model to explain why this phenomenon occurs and to explore potential remedies. Prior literature has identified behavioral mechanisms leading to process creation, obsolescence, and removal, but typically examines them individually. Here, we integrate these mechanisms in the context of an organization allocating limited resources to competing priorities. We show that their interaction -- via accumulation and feedback loops -- leads to two possible outcomes: a sustainable equilibrium, where administrative costs stabilizes, and runaway administrative bloat, where administrative costs and waste accumulate in a self-reinforcing cycle. The two outcomes are separated by a critical threshold in management behavioral parameters -- the propensity to create processes in response to problems, and the propensity to prune obsolete processes in response to administrative burden. Rapid environmental change worsens the threshold, making bloat more likely. We evaluate several intervention strategies using simulation and find that lasting reductions in administrative costs and waste require two key commitments: a permanent shift in organizational priorities, and investment in discerning obsolete processes from useful ones. In contrast, temporary shifts and indiscriminate process cuts offer only short-lived relief. Counterintuitively, we find that prioritizing direct production can increase administrative waste. Our findings suggest that while dynamic environments make administrative bloat more likely, administrative bloat is not inevitable -- managers play a critical role in preventing or reversing it.
Consider a model where $N$ equal agents possess `values', belonging to $\mathbb{N}_0$, that are subject to incremental growth over time. More precisely, the values of the agents are represented by $N$ independent, increasing $\mathbb{N}_0$ valued processes with random, independent waiting times between jumps. We show that the event that a single agent possesses the maximum value for all sufficiently large values of time (called `leadership') occurs with probability zero or one, and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for this to occur. Under mild conditions we also provide criteria for a single agent to become the unique agent of maximum value for all sufficiently large times, and also conditions for the emergence of a unique agent having value that tends to infinity before `explosion' occurs (i.e. conditions for `strict leadership' or `monopoly' to occur almost surely). The novelty of this model lies in allowing non-exponentially distributed waiting times between jumps in value. In the particular case when waiting times are mixtures of exponential distributions, we improve a well-established result on the `balls in bins' model with feedback, removing the requirement that the feedback function be bounded from below and also allowing random feedback functions. As part of the proofs we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the distribution of a convergent series of independent random variables to have an atom on the real line, a result which we believe may be of interest in its own right.
From science to industry, teamwork plays a crucial role in knowledge production and innovation. Most studies consider teams as static groups of individuals, thereby failing to capture how the micro-dynamics of collaborative processes and organizational changes determine team success. Here, we leverage fine-grained temporal data on software development teams from three software ecosystems -- Rust, JavaScript, and Python -- to gain insights into the dynamics of online collaborative projects. Our analysis reveals an uneven workload distribution in teams, with stronger heterogeneity correlated with higher success, and the early emergence of a lead developer carrying out the majority of work. Moreover, we find that a sizeable fraction of projects experience a change of lead developer, with such a transition being more likely in projects led by inexperienced users. Finally, we show that leadership change is associated with faster success growth. Our work contributes to a deeper understanding of the link between team evolution and success in collaborative processes.
The intense competition and unpredictable challenges in hotel operations in Sri Lanka have led to the need to
adopt new technologies to provide better services to guests and maximise efficiency and effectiveness.
Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to examine various Artificial Intelligence tools used in hotels in
Sri Lanka, explore managers' perceptions of Artificial Intelligence, and identify barriers to the implementation
of Artificial Intelligence in hotels in Sri Lanka. Using a purposive sampling, 15 managers of star category
hotels in the Colombo district were selected and interviewed using a structured interview method to explore the
objectives. The findings derived from the thematic analysis showed that hotels in Sri Lanka have limited
knowledge of AI applications and that the respondents' perception of AI technology is still at an early stage
where they doubt and question its effectiveness compared to human resource services. The study found that the
use of AI technology has significant potential, especially in new and emerging hotels, as these new hotels tend to
engage with tech-savvy guests compared to existing hotels in Sri Lanka. Moreover, technological advancements
in artificial intelligence will undoubtedly lead to an unimaginable hotel experience that will increase guest
satisfaction in Sri Lanka's hotel industry.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, Business
The Ukrainian economy and the tourism sector are experiencing the biggest crisis in recent decades. Inbound tourism practically ceased to exist. Due to the war between Russia and Ukraine, the holiday season was not opened this year either on the Sea of Azov or the Black Sea. The war destroyed the holiday season by 90%. A large part of the sea coast is occupied by the enemy, and in places where there is access to the sea, the risk of shelling and mines remains. Odesa regional military administration and Odesa city hall decided not to open sea beaches - due to mine danger. The mining of the Black Sea is a huge problem for both people and the environment, now there are several hundred mines in the water area - up to six hundred and some of them are Ukrainian, stolen in Sevastopol by the Russians back in 2014 after the occupation of Crimea. Travel companies in Ukraine almost completely stopped business on February 24. Air flights stopped and hotels accepted displaced people. The tourism industry, which, according to the State Statistics Service, brought 3% of GDP to the budget of Ukraine, and according to expert estimates, up to 7%, has suffered almost the biggest losses since the beginning of the war. In addition to the absence of vacationers, losses are also caused by enemy ammunition. Russian mines hit the shores of the sea, detonating and damaging first-line recreation centers, cafes and bars. In May of this year, it was planned to allow tourists to sunbathe on some beaches and began actively offering accommodation services. However, at dawn on June 6, it became known about the partial destruction of the Kakhovskaya HPP dam The destruction of the dam led to a huge ecological disaster. As a result of the detonation, a huge area was flooded - tons of dirt, poisonous substances along with the ruins of buildings and thousands of dead animals were carried into the Black Sea. Tourists who came to the sea a few days before the explosion of the Kakhovskaya HPP witnessed frogs jumping out of the sea, wild ducks swimming, trees and driftwood. Here and there there were islands of reeds on the shore. There were green spots on the surface of the water. After what they saw, vacationers began to cancel hotel reservations en masse and returned home. At the same time, losses to the hotel business amounted to hundreds of thousands of hryvnias. Between the cities of Yuzhne and Koblevо, there are 29 tourist accommodation facilities. These are collective accommodation facilities located in the recreation area of the village. Sychivka, each of which can accommodate 200 people on average. Sychavka is a village in the Lymanskyi (Cominternivskyi) district of the Odesa region, which is located on the shore of the Black Sea. The main advantages of recreation in Sychavka are the proximity of the Black Sea, a sandy beach strip, a gentle descent into the sea convenient for children, and the complete absence of industrial enterprises. There are no five-star hotels in Sychavka, but there are several recreation centers right on the shore of the Black Sea. If desired, vacationers can rent rooms in detached houses or cottages. According to preliminary estimates, the economic losses from the disruption of the tourist season in this area amount to approximately 300,000,000 hryvnias.
Following a review of Vital Signs – indicators of ecosystem health – in the coastal parks of the Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network (NCBN), knowledge of shoreline change was ranked as the top variable for monitoring. Shoreline change is a basic element in the management of any coastal system because it contributes to the understanding of the functioning of the natural resources and to the administration of the cultural resources within the parks. Collection of information on the vectors of change relies on the establishment of a rigorous system of protocols to monitor elements of the coastal geomorphology that are guided by three basic principles: 1) all of the elements in the protocols are to be based on scientific principles; 2) the products of the monitoring must relate to issues of importance to park management; and 3) the application of the protocols must be capable of implementation at the local level within the NCBN. Changes in ocean shoreline position are recognized as interacting with many other elements of the Ocean Beach-Dune Ecosystem and are thus both driving and responding to the variety of natural and cultural factors active at the coast at a variety of temporal and spatial scales. The direction and magnitude of shoreline change can be monitored through the application of a protocol that tracks the spatial position of the neap-tide, high tide swash line under well-defined conditions of temporal sampling. Spring and fall surveys conducted in accordance with standard operating procedures will generate consistent and comparable shoreline position data sets that can be incorporated within a data matrix and subsequently analyzed for temporal and spatial variations. The Ocean Shoreline Position Monitoring Protocol will be applied to six parks in the NCBN: Assateague Island National Seashore, Cape Cod National Seashore, Fire Island National Seashore, Gateway National Recreation Area, George Washington Birthplace National Monument, and Sagamore Hill National Historic Site. Monitoring will be accomplished with a Global Positioning System (GPS )/ Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) unit capable of sub-meter horizontal accuracy that is usually mounted on an off-road vehicle and driven along the swash line. Under the guidance of a set of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) (Psuty et al., 2022), the monitoring will generate comparable data sets. The protocol will produce shoreline change metrics following the methodology of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System developed by the United States Geological Survey. Annual Data Summaries and Trend Reports will present and analyze the collected data sets. All collected data will undergo rigorous quality-assurance and quality-control procedures and will be archived at the offices of the NCBN. All monitoring products will be made available via the National Park Service’s Integrated Resource Management Applications Portal.
André Rui Graça , Francisco Banha, Francisco Miguel Banha
The concept of film-induced tourism refers to travel activities to certain destinations motivated by films, TV series, and promotional videos. The exposure to enticing images allures tourists and boosts local economies and entrepreneurship. The strand of film-induced tourism, video-induced tourism (which concerns mainly promotional videos) needs to be further explored. The Portuguese case, concerning both film- and video-induced tourism, also needs to be mapped. Thus, the purpose of this study is twofold: it will discuss and explore the topics of film-induced tourism and video-induced tourism in Portugal; and it will provide insights into promotional videos released by the Turismo do Centro de Portugal Association. We will start by presenting an overview of these two concepts. Subsequently, we will tackle the Portuguese case and explain the strategies adopted to boost film- and video-induced tourism phenomena. Finally, we will carry out an overview of the Turismo do Centro videos and see how they fit into the organisation’s broader communication context. Exploring this case study will help us project how the strategy in which these videos are inserted may help the region in the post-pandemic economic recovery.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services
Dashboards are the most common visualization method for displaying COVID-19 data and informing the public. We examined 15 different dashboards to see how various visualization techniques were used. This paper describes the creation and implementation of a dashboard for COVID-19 epidemic and vaccination administration data in Sri Lanka.
The National Collegiate Athletic Association passed legislation in 2014 to allow for unlimited meals and snacks for college athletes. This policy change created a need for full-time registered dietitians (RDs) to ensure student-athletes are properly fueled and monitor their dietary habits. RDs are now considered to be a key member of the college athlete holistic care team, and this has created a unique professional niche for RDs. There is a lack of research exploring the experiences and challenges of this emerging profession in college athletic departments. Nine RDs working in NCAA Division I athletic departments participated in semi-structured interviews to examine their career experiences. Three themes were constructed from the data analysis: (a) professional transition; (b) nutritional education; and (c) (dis)respect. The respondents discussed their participation in sport or volunteer experience was what pushed them to pursue a career as a sports dietician. One of the primary functions of their position is to build trust with the student-athletes and provide them with nutritional education so they will develop healthy eating habits. The respondents also struggled with a lack of acceptance of the importance of their position on the interprofessional care team. Some had positive experiences with administrators, but most had negative experiences and a general lack of understanding of the professional expertise they had.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services, Sports
Duilio Balsamo, Paolo Bajardi, Alberto Salomone
et al.
The complex unfolding of the US opioid epidemic in the last 20 years has been the subject of a large body of medical and pharmacological research, and it has sparked a multidisciplinary discussion on how to implement interventions and policies to effectively control its impact on public health. This study leverages Reddit as the primary data source to investigate the opioid crisis. We aimed to find a large cohort of Reddit users interested in discussing the use of opioids, trace the temporal evolution of their interest, and extensively characterize patterns of the nonmedical consumption of opioids, with a focus on routes of administration and drug tampering. We used a semiautomatic information retrieval algorithm to identify subreddits discussing nonmedical opioid consumption, finding over 86,000 Reddit users potentially involved in firsthand opioid usage. We developed a methodology based on word embedding to select alternative colloquial and nonmedical terms referring to opioid substances, routes of administration, and drug-tampering methods. We modeled the preferences of adoption of substances and routes of administration, estimating their prevalence and temporal unfolding, observing relevant trends such as the surge in synthetic opioids like fentanyl and an increasing interest in rectal administration. Ultimately, through the evaluation of odds ratios based on co-mentions, we measured the strength of association between opioid substances, routes of administration, and drug tampering, finding evidence of understudied abusive behaviors like chewing fentanyl patches and dissolving buprenorphine sublingually. We believe that our approach may provide a novel perspective for a more comprehensive understanding of nonmedical abuse of opioids substances and inform the prevention, treatment, and control of the public health effects.
This study aims to improve teacher work discipline related to their duties as classroom teachers. This research is a school action research conducted for four months starting in October 2018 to January 2019 at SDN 11 Simpang Rimba, South Bangka, Indonesia in the 2018/2019 academic year. The data collection instrument used observation sheets and documentation. Data analysis used quantitative data analysis techniques with descriptive statistics. The results of this study indicate that the application of the "Among" leadership model can improve teacher work discipline in the aspects of arriving on time, work hours fulfillment, and prepare lesson plans.
Objective. To develop an automated, data-driven, and scale-flexible method to delineate HSAs and HRRs that are up-to-date, representative of all patients, and have the optimal localization of hospital visits. Data Sources. The 2011 State Inpatient Database (SID) in Florida from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Study Design. A network optimization method was used to redefine HSAs and HRRs by maximizing patient-to-hospital flows within each HSA/HRR while minimizing flows between them. We first constructed as many HSAs/HRRs as existing Dartmouth units in Florida, and then compared the two by various metrics. Next, we sought to derive the optimal numbers and configurations of HSAs/HRRs that best reflect the modularity of hospitalization patterns in Florida. Principal Findings. The HSAs/HRRs by our method are favored over the Dartmouth units in balance of region size and market structure, shape, and most importantly, local hospitalization. Conclusions. The new method is automated, scale-flexible, and effective in capturing the natural structure of healthcare system. It has great potential for applications in delineating other healthcare service areas or in larger geographic regions.
Ana Ruiz-Frau, Andres Ospina-Alvarez, Sebastián Villasante
et al.
The use of social media (SM) data has emerged as a promising tool for the assessment of cultural ecosystem services (CES). Most studies have focused on the use of single SM platforms and on the analysis of photo content to assess the demand for CES. Here, we introduce a novel methodology for the assessment of CES using SM data through the application of graph theory network analyses (GTNA) on hashtags associated to SM posts and compare it to photo content analysis. We applied the proposed methodology on two SM platforms, Instagram and Twitter, on three worldwide known case study areas, namely Great Barrier Reef, Galapagos Islands and Easter Island. Our results indicate that the analysis of hashtags through graph theory offers similar capabilities to photo content analysis in the assessment of CES provision and the identification of CES providers. More importantly, GTNA provides greater capabilities at identifying relational values and eudaimonic aspects associated to nature, elusive aspects for photo content analysis. In addition, GTNA contributes to the reduction of the interpreter's bias associated to photo content analyses, since GTNA is based on the tags provided by the users themselves. The study also highlights the importance of considering data from different social media platforms, as the type of users and the information offered by these platforms can show different CES attributes. The ease of application and short computing processing times involved in the application of GTNA makes it a cost-effective method with the potential of being applied to large geographical scales.