L’étude explore les perceptions des populations locales face au développement du tourisme balnéaire à San Pedro (Côte d’Ivoire). En se distinguant par une méthodologie mixte de type exploratoire, elle identifie trois sortes de perceptions : positive, négative et ambivalente. L’hypothèse, selon laquelle les perceptions sont simultanément favorables et défavorables, est rejetée en raison d’une distribution statistique non significative. L’étude met en lumière le décalage entre les textes réglementaires encadrant le tourisme et les réalités vécues sur le terrain, en ouvrant la voie à une réflexion sur la nécessité d’une gouvernance inclusive, d’une régulation renforcée et d’une valorisation des savoirs locaux.
In recent years, discussions about the essence of humanitarization and humanization of international relations have intensified due to the aggravation of economic, social, and ethical problems against the background of a sharp deterioration in the international situation, particularly in the Global South. This paper aims to identify the specifics and provide a comparative analysis of the approaches of both the developed and developing states of the North and the South to the formats, content and purpose of humanitarian diplomacy in contemporary world politics. The first section examines academic discussions on the issues of humanitarian diplomacy. The authors highlight two main approaches in foreign and Russian international political studies to addressing the humanitarian problems of the Global South — an objectal and a subjectal ones. The former is typically associated with the developed countries of the Global North and is rooted in the practices of the colonial era. The latter gained prominence in academic research in the 21st century with the emergence of the ‘new donors’, which promoted joint development programs led by the countries of the Global South and built on regional financial institutions. At the same time, the authors note that academic research tends to focus primarily on the dynamics of aid flows and conditions for development assistance, while a number of current trends in the humanitarian diplomacy remain understudied. These trends are examined in the second section of the article. The authors emphasize the growing trend towards transnationalization and privatization of humanitarian diplomacy, active involvement of non-state and hybrid actors. The third section outlines the key features of humanitarian diplomacy of the leading countries of the Global South (China, India, Turkey), as well as that of the ASEAN states and Arab monarchies. The authors identify several general principles of humanitarian diplomacy shared by the countries of the Global South: a broad, pluralistic understanding of the humanitarian agenda to include cultural, scientific, academic, and youth policy issues; commitment to the ideas of solidarity and humanitarian cooperation (instead of the donor-recipient model); normative neutrality of the humanitarian policy; adherence to the principles of state sovereignty.
A short article by Max Horkheimer, a well-known German neo-Marxist social philosopher and one of the founders of critical social theory, was published in the eighth issue of the Frankfurter Studentenzeitung, the student newspaper of the University of Frankfurt, which was published in December 1951. This text is another work of the Frankfurt thinker from his cycle of philosophical and educational works devoted to the philosophical consideration of such a spiritually influential phenomenon of German culture as the German university. Horkheimer continued his line of ideological orientation towards the concept of das Studium in German educational philosophy when he was rector of the University of Frankfurt in the early fifties of the last century. The German philosopher defined the theoretical connection that should bind together philosophy as theoretical knowledge that emancipates human consciousness from the pressure of totalitarian, ruling ideology, and sociology as a science that is able to provide society, which has embarked on the path of humanistic transformations in its environment, with relevant positive scientific and objective knowledge. The theoretical basis of Horkheimer's next philosophical and educational work, his speech "Academic Studies at University" (1952), was outlined in general terms here. The Frankfurt philosopher, ideologically relying on the tradition of German university education to cherish an educated person’s freedom from excessive social and political power, set out the German intellectual's fundamental demand to separate the socio-cultural (spiritual) space of university education from the influence of the unity of ideological components of post-totalitarian society. According to Horkheimer, this ideological unity should be overcome by a new theoretical unity - a combination of philosophy, which is characterised by the use of free subjective thinking of an individual, and sociology, which as a science cognises in an objective way. It will result in such social upbringing of young people that will lead to the beginning of humanistic socio-cultural changes in a post-totalitarian society
General Background: This article examines the complexities of sentencing juvenile offenders, emphasizing the need for a nuanced approach to punishment that reflects their developmental characteristics. Specific Background: Juveniles exhibit unique socio-psychological traits that necessitate distinct legal considerations, leading to ongoing debates about fair punishment in the context of their age and circumstances. Knowledge Gap: Despite existing regulations, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis on how current laws effectively address the principles of fairness and proportionality in juvenile sentencing. Aims: The research aims to evaluate the legal framework surrounding juvenile punishment in Uzbekistan, identifying potential enhancements to better protect minors while ensuring accountability. Results: The study reveals that the prevailing legal framework prioritizes both accountability and rehabilitation, advocating for age-appropriate punishments that consider the individual context of juvenile offenders. It aligns with Voltaire’s philosophy of crime prevention and Uzbekistan’s legislative intent to balance responsibility with moral correction. Novelty: This research contributes to the discourse on juvenile justice by critically assessing the intersection of legal norms and socio-psychological factors influencing sentencing. Implications: By adopting a preventative approach to juvenile delinquency, the judicial system can effectively reduce recidivism and promote social reintegration, thereby fostering a more stable environment and mitigating long-term criminal behavior among minors. Limitations: The study's reliance on legislative documents and court procedures limits its ability to longitudinally assess the impact of penalties on behavior change. Further Research: Future investigations should explore the effectiveness of rehabilitative measures and alternative restorative justice practices as more humane approaches to juvenile offending.
An important layer of this research is dedicated to critical studies, which are directed at the strategies
of creating a peculiarly Indian literary theory and practice. We have a desire to separate the indigenous
tradition from the broad American, in particular, Anglo-American and recognize Indian writing as a
component of the multicultural paradigm. Currently, there is a noticeable confrontation between two
camps of literary critics: one of them is oriented to European literary theories and believes that they should
form the basis of literary interpretations of indigenous writers’ works; another wing is determined by the
need to clarify the peculiarities of the literary paradigm of “Indian realism” in the context of a globalized
society taking into account new literary models of the perception of ethnic minorities. The need to write
the article is caused by the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the problem in Ukrainian literary
studies and the growing objective interest in the works of Native American writers, in particular Susan
Power. The article proposes a conceptual and methodological determination of the study of a literary text
written in the style of Indian realism, which makes it possible to reveal the raised scientific problem at
many levels.
The article examines how the drama of loss, search and a new acquisition of national identity by
the Sioux people was artistically and aesthetically reflected in the text of Susan Power`s novel “The Grass
Dancer”. The presentation and consideration of the problem of national and cultural identity provides an
opportunity to see the artistic diversity in the understanding of the personal destiny of a person and the
people in general, literary ideas about the Sioux people beliefs peculiarities, their aesthetic component
and place in the national cultural canon. The main thing is to avoid the trap of a politicized and ideologized
theory of multiculturalism, in which modern critics increasingly see an opportunity to interpret the
texts of indigenous writers, which is actually the ideology of colonial domination hidden behind political
correctness.
The main purpose of this article is to outline a coherent theoretical and empirical model of multi-level
functioning of Dakota national identity concept in the novel “The Grass Dancer” by Susan Power. Also the aim is to substantiate the leading concept of Sioux national identity literary manifestations interpretation
as a unique code, epistemological, socio-cultural and artistic-aesthetic factor that plays a significant role in
the modern worldview formation process and myth-making of Dakota society representatives.
The following article involves historical-cultural and structural approaches, which correspond to the
purpose and tasks of the research; methods of cultural-semantic analysis and phenomenological methods
were also used.
The persistent deconstruction of the Eurocentric canon of world literature, not only at the level
of academic discussions, but also in the system of university teaching of world literature, demands new
texts such as “The Grass Dancer”. The reformatting of canons is, of course, a permanent process, but the
globalization of the literary canon today acquires a qualitatively new scale and breadth proposed by Susan
Power. Multiculturalism with its influence on cultural dynamics and the idea of national and cultural identity
can’t be considered the driving cultural stimulus of changes in all its ambiguity. To an even greater extent,
transculturalism, proposed by Power, aimed at defining common interests and common values across
cultural and national borders for non-native readers. That is her main contribution to the construction of
a more globalized literary canon. Susan Power as a Native American writer has repeatedly addressed the
specified range of the Indigenous problems, which constantly tested the agreement prevalent in the nonnative science with the most urgent problems of Native literary studies.
This paper discusses the ideas of populism as highlighted by Mouffe and Laclau to analyze its relevance for Indonesian democracy context. Populism is a political style which is a source for change based on the systematic use of rhetorical appeal to the people. This research focuses on populism in relation to democracy which brings forth left and right-wing populism. The concept of populism in general leads us to look at the fact of populism in Indonesia democracy context. Some crisis such us economic crisis, poverty, inequality and the failure of the government in looking after the common will and the common good of people lead to create a ‘populist moment’ particularly in Indonesia context. Therefore, radical democracy and left populism of Chantal Mouffe and Ernesto Laclau which this research is focusing on, offers some relevant suggestions to enhance the democratic participation of the people to overcome some crises in Indonesia democracy, which is mostly being co-opted by predatory oligarchy.
Tania Andari, Vivi Ukhwatul Khasanah Masbiran, Momon Momon
et al.
Beberapa tahun belakangan ini pemerintah sedang gencar mengajak masyarakat untuk menggunakan transportasi umum bagi seluruh penduduk daerah di Indonesia. Mattson dkk. (2021) berpendapat sudah bahwa transportasi dan aksesibilitas di desa lebih luas dan kompleks persoalan transportasinya. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur pelayanan jasa angkutan pedesaan dalam rangka meningkatkan kinerja transportasi umum di Kabupaten Pringsewu. Metode yang digunakan adalah mixed method, yakni menggabungkan data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif dalam satu waktu (Creswell, 2014). Yaitu data dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan selanjutnya dijelaskan berdasarkan kondisi existing serta dugaan sementara. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui survei lapangan pada empat trayek angkutan pedesaan yang ada di Kabupaten Pringsewu untuk mendapatkan data faktor beban, kecepatan kendaraan, waktu tunggu, waktu perjalanan, frekuensi/jam, dan jumlah kendaraan yang beroperasi dari tiap rute. Selanjutnya data tersebut dievaluasi dan diberikan penilaian berdasarkan kesesuaian indikator berdasarkan standar penilaian dari Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat Kementerian Perhubungan. Data Sekunder diperoleh dari publikasi Badan Pusat Statistik, dokumen resmi, situs web resmi pemerintah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pelayanan angkutan pedesaan di kabupaten Pringsewu, berada di bawah standar ideal (70%), dengan rata-rata faktor muat 40—50% yang termasuk dalam kategori buruk. Hal ini diestimasi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yakni tingkat rendahnya load factor dan headway. Rekomendasi yang diajukan adalah perlunya dilakukan upaya untuk penambahan headway dan peningkatan kecepatan waktu perjalanan serta mengurangi frekuensi perjalanan untuk meningkatkan kinerja angkutan.
Political institutions and public administration (General)
Fajar Rahmanto, Eko Priyo Purnomo, Aulia Nur Kasiwi
et al.
This research aims to determine women's representation in the DPR RI as a legislative body in Indonesia during the general election in 2019 and determine the factors that influence women's representation in the legislative body. This paper's research method uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach that examines theories, references, and previous scientific literature related to the research object. The findings of the study indicate the level of representation of women in parliament after the holding of the general elections in 2019 has not reached 30%, where the level of representation of women in parliament is still in the number of 20.52% or as many as 118 female legislators and is still dominated by male legislators which reached 457 people or 79.48%. Although it has not reached 30%, the adoption of affirmative policies has led to a significant increase in women's representation in parliament, from 65 women legislators in 2004 to 118 women legislators in the 2019 general election. Political regulation factors with affirmative action and zipper system are two factors that affect women's representation by political parties. Affirmative action mandates every political party participating in the election to pay attention to women's representation of 30% by nominating female candidates for each electoral district. A zipper system requires parties to position at least one woman every three names of candidates. In general elections, political parties present legislation to the legislature. The affirmative action that regulates women's representation's involvement has become the main reason numerous events involve kinship the candidacy.
Daryl R. DeFord, Natasha Dhamankar, M. Duchin
et al.
Abstract We consider the measures of partisan symmetry proposed for practical use in the political science literature, as clarified and developed in Katz, King, and Rosenblatt (2020, American Political Science Review 114, 164–178). Elementary mathematical manipulation shows the symmetry metrics to have surprising properties that call their meaningfulness into question. To accompany the general analysis, we study measures of partisan symmetry with respect to recent voting patterns in Utah, Texas, and North Carolina, flagging problems in each case. Taken together, these observations should raise major concerns about the available techniques for quantitative scores of partisan symmetry—including the mean–median score, the partisan bias score, and the more general “partisan symmetry standard”—with the decennial redistricting underway.
Matthew T. Ballew, Matthew H. Goldberg, S. Rosenthal
et al.
Significance Systems thinking is recognized as vital to understanding climate science and addressing climate change. Understanding how systems thinking influences the public’s beliefs and attitudes about climate change has important implications for climate change education and communication. Our findings indicate that across the political spectrum, systems thinking may facilitate an ecological ethic or value system that humans should preserve and protect the natural world rather than exploit it. This, in turn, may strengthen proclimate views and understanding of climate change (e.g., that global warming is happening, is human-caused, etc.). The findings contribute to systems thinking theory and indicate the importance of promoting systems thinking to support proclimate science beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors across political lines. Prior research has found that systems thinking, the tendency to perceive phenomena as interconnected and dynamic, is associated with a general proenvironmental orientation. However, less is known about its relationship with public understanding of climate change and/or whether this relationship varies across people with different political views. Because climate change is a highly politicized issue, it is also important to understand the extent to which systems thinking can foster acceptance of climate science across political lines. Using an online sample of US adults (n = 1,058), we tested the degree to which systems thinking predicts global warming beliefs and attitudes (e.g., believing that global warming is happening, that it is human-caused, etc.), independent of an ecological worldview (i.e., the New Ecological Paradigm). We found that although systems thinking is positively related to global warming beliefs and attitudes, the relationships are almost fully explained by an ecological worldview. Indirect effects of systems thinking are consistently strong across political ideologies and party affiliations, although slightly stronger for conservatives and Republicans than for liberals and Democrats, respectively. We did not find evidence of the converse: Systems thinking does not seem to mediate the relationship between an ecological worldview and global warming beliefs and attitudes. Together, these findings suggest that systems thinking may support the adoption of global warming beliefs and attitudes indirectly by helping to develop an ecological ethic that people should take care of and not abuse the environment.
Contemporary writing on North African borderlands invokes the idea of a general, unregulated porosity through which small-scale informal traders of food or textiles move alongside drug smugglers and terrorists. I challenge that conception, demonstrating that the vast majority of smuggling activity is in fact highly regulated through a dense network of informal institutions that determine the costs, quantity, and types of goods that can pass through certain nodes, typically segmenting licit from illicit goods. While informal, the institutions regulating this trade are largely impersonal and contain third-party enforcement, hence providing a direct empirical challenge to common characterisations of informal institutions in political science. I argue that revisiting the characteristics associated with informal institutions, and understanding them as contingent on their political environment, can provide a new starting point for studying institutions, the politics of informality, state capacity, and the regulation of illegal economies.
Assessing the effectiveness of the internal control system in the public sector is one of the surest way to identify if public institutions are working effectively to achieve corporate objectives. The objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of the internal control systems in the MMDA’S. The study made use of convenience and purposive sampling method to sample data. It was observed that there is an existence of internal control system in the Adenta Municipal Assembly and it is very effective in the achievement of the Assembly’s objectives. The Writer recommended that the government should employ more personnel who are members of the professional bodies such as the ICA Ghana, ACCA, and CIMA into the unit, this is because with their knowledge and in-depth study of their profession it will help to reduce the problems of internal control as highlighted in this work.
Political institutions and public administration (General), Social sciences (General)
Pedro Pulzatto Peruzzo, Guilherme Perez Cabral, Thiago Silva Freitas Oliveira
O objetivo do presente artigo é refletir sobre o tema da educação jurídica no Brasil, analisando possibilidades, avanços e retrocessos para a sua compreensão como formação para a promoção dos direitos humanos. Para tanto, traremos ao campo jurídico reflexões que, apesar de bastante desenvolvidas no âmbito geral das ciências humanas e sociais aplicadas e da filosofia, ainda não foram devidamente assimiladas no universo jurídico. Partiremos da discussão sobre o significado geral da educação em direitos humanos destacando a ideia de autonomia que não perde de vista a convivência e a inclusão do outro. Analisaremos o contexto atual do ensino jurídico no Brasil destacando vícios ideológicos presentes na transmissão “bancária” dos conhecimentos necessários para a atuação no Sistema de Justiça e propondo caminhos para sua efetivação como formação para a promoção dos direitos humanos.
Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence, International relations
If urban data production and management strategies has generated the smartcities movement, digital technology devices are anchored in territories and modify the ordinary practices of inhabitants. They participate as tools in the urban transformation process. We will more particularly attempt to show to what extent does the introduction of ICT devices in citizen participation moments change the political « dispositif ». As perspective, we will present initiatives, which are inspired by citizen sciences and where « participate by doing » means to produce a common knowledge. This article is a state of art which suggests a reflection on the interactions between inhabitants, techniques, and urban public action using the notion of « citizen as sensor ».
Geography (General), Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration