Hasil untuk "Law"

B. Goodman, S. Flaxman

We summarize the potential impact that the European Union’s new General Data Protection Regulation will have on the routine use of machine learning algorithms. Slated to take effect as law across the EU in 2018, it will restrict automated individual decision-making (that is, algorithms that make decisions based on user-level predictors) which “significantly affect” users. The law will also effectively create a “right to explanation,” whereby a user can ask for an explanation of an algorithmic decision that was made about them. We argue that while this law will pose large challenges for industry, it highlights opportunities for computer scientists to take the lead in designing algorithms and evaluation frameworks which avoid discrimination and enable explanation.

J. Travis, B. Western, F. Redburn

J. Alstott, E. Bullmore, D. Plenz

Power laws are theoretically interesting probability distributions that are also frequently used to describe empirical data. In recent years, effective statistical methods for fitting power laws have been developed, but appropriate use of these techniques requires significant programming and statistical insight. In order to greatly decrease the barriers to using good statistical methods for fitting power law distributions, we developed the powerlaw Python package. This software package provides easy commands for basic fitting and statistical analysis of distributions. Notably, it also seeks to support a variety of user needs by being exhaustive in the options available to the user. The source code is publicly available and easily extensible.

Walter J. Riker

D. Kastor, Sourya Ray, Jennie Traschen

We present geometric derivations of the Smarr formula for static AdS black holes and an expanded first law that includes variations in the cosmological constant. These two results are further related by a scaling argument based on Euler's theorem. The key new ingredient in the constructions is a two-form potential for the static Killing field. Surface integrals of the Killing potential determine the coefficient of the variation of Λ in the first law. This coefficient is proportional to a finite, effective volume for the region outside the AdS black hole horizon, which can also be interpreted as minus the volume excluded from a spatial slice by the black hole horizon. This effective volume also contributes to the Smarr formula. Since Λ is naturally thought of as a pressure, the new term in the first law has the form of effective volume times change in pressure that arises in the variation of the enthalpy in classical thermodynamics. This and related arguments suggest that the mass of an AdS black hole should be interpreted as the enthalpy of the spacetime.

L. Godden

N. Frijda

A. Ruina

C. Scholz

R. E. Smith, R. E. Smith, J. Peacock et al.

We present the results of a large library of cosmological N-body simulations, using power-law initial spectra.

Jonathon E. Mote, M. Callon

L. A. Richards

Daniel B. Stouffer, R. Malmgren, L. A. N. Amaral

In a recent letter, Barabasi claims that the dynamics of a number of human activities are scale-free [1]. He specifically reports that the probability distribution of time intervals tau between consecutive e-mails sent by a single user and time delays for e-mail replies follow a power-law with an exponent -1, and proposes a priority-queuing process as an explanation of the bursty nature of human activity. Here, we quantitatively demonstrate that the reported power-law distributions are solely an artifact of the analysis of the empirical data and that the proposed model is not representative of e-mail communication patterns.

J. Wolff

Indah Sari Dewi. Z

: Juvenile delinquency is behavior carried out by young children due to social neglect so that deviant behavior is formed. Delinquency does not appear without factors influencing it, one of which is when adolescents conform to their peers. The influence of peer conformity on juvenile delinquency is weakened when adolescents have emotional intelligence. By having emotional intelligence, adolescents can express their emotions appropriately and have adaptive emotional regulation. The purpose of this study was to find out whether emotional intelligence can moderate the influence of peer conformity on juvenile delinquency. This study is quantitative with research subjects of as many as 350 adolescents. Measurement using Self Report Delinquency (SRD), Peer Conformity Disposition Scale (PCSD), and Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) instruments. Data analysis using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results showed that emotional intelligence did not act as a moderator on the influence of peer conformity on juvenile delinquency (β=0.558; p=0.081).

Enes Zaimović

In an unexpected turn of events, Council Directive 2001/55/ EC and the status of temporary protection became an inevitable choice of the EU when dealing with the largest displacement of individuals since World War II. What was once believed to be a forgotten reminiscence of the past within the Common European Asylum System stands now at the heart of the EU’s response to the mass influx caused by the Russian aggression in Ukraine. And while arguably bringing a fresh change to EU asylum law, the current success of temporary protection is still only of a temporary nature given the Commission’s New Pact on Migration and Asylum and the proposed repeal of the Directive. The article aims to tackle the use of temporary protection at the EU level in 2022 and 2023 and explore the question of its relevance in EU law more than two decades after the adoption of the currently employed legal framework of temporary protection within the Common European Asylum System.

عبد الرحمان بن عمار , عمر سدي

      تعالج هذه الورقة البحثية الآليات والضمانات القانونية التي تحمي المستهلك من مخاطر المنتوجات المستوردة في ظل أحكام قانون09-03 المتعلق بحماية المستهلك وقمع الغش، وإبراز الأهمية في تعزيز المصالح المادية والمعنوية للمستهلك لكونه الطرف الأضعف في حلقة العقود الاستهلاكية، ومن جهة أخرى نبين الأحكام القانونية المقررة في ازدواج الجزاء المقرر لمخالفة المستورد للالتزامات المقررة ضمن قانون حماية المستهلك وقمع الغش. ومن جهة أخرى نبين أهمية الرقابة الإدارية التي يقوم بها أعوان الرقابة وقمع الغش وأعوان مصالح الجمارك في الكشف عن الجرائم الاقتصادية.

Iqbal Kamalludin, Heris Suhendar, Bunga Desyana Pratami et al.

Since 2018 to July 2022, the Ministry of Communication and Information has cut off access to 534,138 gambling content on various digital platforms. This very high number will continue to grow. One of the reasons for the rise of online gambling content is the mode that is used, namely the "bodong" investment mode. Society is promised with unreasonable profits. Blocking efforts are actually one way to prevent and protect the public. Criminal law has regulated gambling in the Criminal Code, as well as if it is done using technology media, it is regulated in the Information and Electronic Transaction Law. This paper examines the regulation of criminal law regarding online gambling in the present, and in the future. This normative law research uses a statutory, comparative, and conceptual approach with prescriptive analysis. The results show that the regulation of gambling in the Criminal Code does not regulate online gambling, the ITE Law still has weak juridical problems in juridical consequences. While in the Draft Criminal Code, it is actually regulated more comprehensively, namely by regulating criminal acts committed with technology in general provisions, but regarding gambling, the Criminal Code concept there are exceptions to permit arrangements taking into account laws that apply in society. Gambling, which has been licensed by the government, has a negative impact on people's lives. The word “without permission” has a meaning that tends to be ambiguous and less relevant.

Putu Ayu Diah Laksmi Dewi, I Nyoman Sujana, Putu Ayu Sriasih Wesna

This research is a normative legal research, which concerns the implications of the Divorce Divorce Marriage of Different Religious Against Child Custody. Problem 1). What is the legal protection for interfaith marriages in Indonesia ? 2). What are the implications of the divorce of interfaith marriages for child custody? The purpose of this study was to determine the implications of divorce between different religions for child custody. The benefit of this research is to provide input for the government to take a policy and provide knowledge to the public about interfaith marriages. Results of the discussion: 1). Based on article 35 of the Population Administration Act of interfaith marriages can be recorded based on the determination of the Court as long as it does not violate legal norms and norms of decency, because the Marriage Act does not mention that interfaith marriages are prohibited. 2). If no agreement is found, the court will decide who has the right to obtain custody of the child. Conclusions: 1). Interfaith marriages can be recorded if based on the determination of the court in accordance with the provisions of the Law on State Administration article 35 letter a. 2). Child custody of a minor falls to the care of his mother, as long as the mother has never been proven guilty in court. While a child who is capable of law can choose between his father or mother as the holder of the right to care.

Aristeo García González