Hasil untuk "Engineering design"

Alexandra González, Xavier Franch, Silverio Martínez-Fernández

Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Software Engineering (SE) requires having a curated collection of models suited to SE tasks. With millions of models hosted on Hugging Face (HF) and new ones continuously being created, it is infeasible to identify SE models without a dedicated catalogue. To address this gap, we present SEMODS: an SE-focused dataset of 3,427 models extracted from HF, combining automated collection with rigorous validation through manual annotation and large language model assistance. Our dataset links models to SE tasks and activities from the software development lifecycle, offering a standardized representation of their evaluation results, and supporting multiple applications such as data analysis, model discovery, benchmarking, and model adaptation.

Golnoush Abaei, Mojtaba Shahin, Maria Spichkova

The inclusion of internship courses in Software Engineering (SE) programs is essential for closing knowledge gaps and improving graduates' readiness for the software industry. Our study focuses on year-long internships at RMIT University (Melbourne, Australia), which offers in-depth industry engagement. We analysed how the course evolved over the last 10 years to incorporate students' needs and summarised the lessons learned that can be helpful for other educators supporting internship courses. Our qualitative analysis of internship data based on 91 reports during 2023-2024 identified three challenge themes the students faced, and which courses were found by students to be particularly beneficial during their internships. On this basis, we proposed recommendations for educators and companies to help interns overcome challenges and maximise their learning experience.

Massimiliano Di Penta, Kelly Blincoe, Marsha Chechik et al.

As software engineering conferences grow in size, rising costs and outdated formats are creating barriers to participation for many researchers. These barriers threaten the inclusivity and global diversity that have contributed to the success of the SE community. Based on survey data, we identify concrete actions the ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering (SIGSOFT) can take to address these challenges, including improving transparency around conference funding, experimenting with hybrid poster presentations, and expanding outreach to underrepresented regions. By implementing these changes, SIGSOFT can help ensure the software engineering community remains accessible and welcoming.

Hyeon Min Lee, Hee Man Kwak, Jeong Muk Choi et al.

A novel one-third FE analysis model that enables practical and quantitative analyses of the fillet-rolling process with three rollers is proposed. It solves the fundamental problem of numerical solution that depends on the numerical quality of the contact area between the material and roller during the fillet rolling process by stably imposing the one-third fillet load on the material defined by two symmetry planes forming an internal angle of 120°. The novel FE analysis model, based on an implicit elastoplastic finite element method (FEM), is employed to quantitatively explain the reason for the dramatic effect of the fillet rolling on the fatigue life. With the residual stress information embedded into the critical bolt neck corner (CBNC) during the fillet rolling process, the fatigue test is simulated to reveal the stress cycle at the critical point in the CBNC. The mean and alternating values of the maximum principal stress show the reason for the dramatic increase in the fatigue life of the fillet-rolled titanium alloy bolt.

Elyaakouby Yassine, Tilioua Amine

The study brings into consideration and enriches the areas of hydrology, energy engineering, and sustainable development by the enhancement of the environmental and energy performance of a reverse osmosis (RO) plant in Zagora, Morocco, which is treating brackish surface water, very thoroughly. The whole idea is to check IMSDesign software predictions' reliability against operational data of more than a year. In simulations with Hydranautics ESPA2-LD membranes, a feed flow of 125 m³/h under 9.1 bar was forecasted eventually giving rise to 93.75 m³/h of permeate and a recovery rate of 75%. On the other hand, actual field measurements over a period of more than a year indicated always lower results. For instance, the first RO train averaged a feed flow of 109.1 m³/h at 9.8 bar with a 63% recovery, while the second train performed not much differently. Seasonal changes in water conductivity, temperature changes, and membrane fouling were found to be the main reasons for the discrepancy. Also, the actual reject flows (22.1–23.8 m3/h) were less than the predicted 31.25 m³/h. The modeling tool is still considered useful for the initial system design; however, this research indicates the need of continuous monitoring, adaptive maintenance strategies, and pretreatment efficiency evaluation especially by improving the environmental performance and energy efficiency of inland water treatment infrastructure in arid regions in arid areas.

Hesham Algassim, Samad M. E. Sepasgozar, Michael J. Ostwald et al.

Despite some high-profile exceptions, the architecture service industry has typically adopted new digital technologies slowly. Previous research has examined the influence of user-friendliness and ease of technology use to explain the slow adoption rate, but contextual factors associated with the operations of architectural organizations—such as result demonstrability, training needs, cost factors, environmental expectations, project factors, and client satisfaction—have been largely overlooked. This paper presents a novel architectural technology adoption model (ATAM) encompassing multiple architecture-service-specific factors and their relationships. The key hypotheses embodied in ATAM are that the digital technology adoption process is shaped by industry-specific factors that directly affect perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use by architects and, subsequently, their intention to employ the technology. Furthermore, the impacts of user satisfaction, user behavior, and client satisfaction on technology acceptance are examined. This paper describes the development of an ATAM, drawing on a set of original data collected from 452 participants from a case study country (Saudi Arabia). The ATAM is then validated through extensive hypothesis testing performed using maximum likelihood structural equation modeling in AMOS. The outcomes show that result demonstrability, training needs, cost factors, environmental expectations, project factors, and client satisfaction are significant factors affecting technology adoption. The development of the ATAM addresses the lack of empirical knowledge about technology adoption in architecture. The ATAM offers a novel and rigorous approach to helping organizations understand and overcome the factors that affect technology adoption in the architecture service sector. Fundamentally, the ATAM supports a new understanding of the factors that are critical for organizations to increase user and client satisfaction with technology adoption. The ATAM contributes to the literature on architectural innovation, but it can be modified and replicated in various sectors associated with architectural services where clients’ satisfaction is critical.

BAI Wenfeng, LUO Haitao, LEI Yu et al.

[Objective] Tunnel deformation is related to the health of the tunnel structure, and accurate monitoring of tunnel deformation is very important for tunnel safety. Although traditional manual measurement methods are relatively accurate, the time-consuming and labor-intensive defects making it difficult to meet the efficient operation and maintenance requirements of large-scale tunnels; while automatic monitoring methods are mainly based on imported fully automatic total stations, with limited measurement range and high equipment costs. It is urgent to develop new efficient and low-cost measurement technologies. [Method] Based on machine vision measurement, large-scale multi-point deformation monitoring of subway tunnel structures can be achieved in a single-camera mode, which can take into account both monitoring frequency and accuracy, featuring the advantages of being simple and fast. First, after selecting the camera parameters, the magnification at each monitoring point is calibrated; at the same time, the grayscale centroid method is used to quickly calculate the center coordinates of the light spot and its change during the monitoring process; finally, the magnification is used to realize the conversion of pixel coordinate changes to actual physical coordinates, thereby obtaining the actual displacement deformation of each monitoring point. [Result & Conclusion] Based on machine vision methods, a 28-day displacement monitoring experiment is conducted on a 120m subway tunnel section. The experimental results show that both the horizontal and vertical displacements of the target tunnel section are within 1.5mm, and both exhibit an overall trend of periodic fluctuations. This verifies that machine vision monitoring of subway tunnels can achieve long-term continuous and accurate monitoring of millimeter-level subway tunnel deformation.

Vincenzo De Martino, Mohammad Amin Zadenoori, Xavier Franch et al.

Language Models are increasingly applied in software engineering, yet their inference raises growing environmental concerns. Prior work has examined hardware choices and prompt length, but little attention has been paid to linguistic complexity as a sustainability factor. This paper introduces Green Prompt Engineering, framing linguistic complexity as a design dimension that can influence energy consumption and performance. We conduct an empirical study on requirement classification using open-source Small Language Models, varying the readability of prompts. Our results reveal that readability affects environmental sustainability and performance, exposing trade-offs between them. For practitioners, simpler prompts can reduce energy costs without a significant F1-score loss; for researchers, it opens a path toward guidelines and studies on sustainable prompt design within the Green AI agenda.

Tarik Houichime, Younes El Amrani

As modern software systems expand in scale and complexity, the challenges associated with their modeling and formulation grow increasingly intricate. Traditional approaches often fall short in effectively addressing these complexities, particularly in tasks such as design pattern detection for maintenance and assessment, as well as code refactoring for optimization and long-term sustainability. This growing inadequacy underscores the need for a paradigm shift in how such challenges are approached and resolved. This paper presents Analytical Software Engineering (ASE), a novel design paradigm aimed at balancing abstraction, tool accessibility, compatibility, and scalability. ASE enables effective modeling and resolution of complex software engineering problems. The paradigm is evaluated through two frameworks Behavioral-Structural Sequences (BSS) and Optimized Design Refactoring (ODR), both developed in accordance with ASE principles. BSS offers a compact, language-agnostic representation of codebases to facilitate precise design pattern detection. ODR unifies artifact and solution representations to optimize code refactoring via heuristic algorithms while eliminating iterative computational overhead. By providing a structured approach to software design challenges, ASE lays the groundwork for future research in encoding and analyzing complex software metrics.

Zirui Li, Stephan Husung, Haoze Wang

Cross-organizational collaboration in Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) faces many challenges in achieving semantic alignment across independently developed system models. SysML v2 introduces enhanced structural modularity and formal semantics, offering a stronger foundation for interoperable modeling. Meanwhile, GPT-based Large Language Models (LLMs) provide new capabilities for assisting model understanding and integration. This paper proposes a structured, prompt-driven approach for LLM-assisted semantic alignment of SysML v2 models. The core contribution lies in the iterative development of an alignment approach and interaction prompts, incorporating model extraction, semantic matching, and verification. The approach leverages SysML v2 constructs such as alias, import, and metadata extensions to support traceable, soft alignment integration. It is demonstrated with a GPT-based LLM through an example of a measurement system. Benefits and limitations are discussed.

Toby Simonds

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed software engineering, but their application to physical engineering domains remains underexplored. This paper evaluates LLMs' capabilities in high-powered rocketry design through RocketBench, a benchmark connecting LLMs to high-fidelity rocket simulations. We test models on two increasingly complex design tasks: target altitude optimization and precision landing challenges. Our findings reveal that while state-of-the-art LLMs demonstrate strong baseline engineering knowledge, they struggle to iterate on their designs when given simulation results and ultimately plateau below human performance levels. However, when enhanced with reinforcement learning (RL), we show that a 7B parameter model outperforms both SoTA foundation models and human experts. This research demonstrates that RL-trained LLMs can serve as effective tools for complex engineering optimization, potentially transforming engineering domains beyond software development.

Jake Zappin, Trevor Stalnaker, Oscar Chaparro et al.

This position paper examines the substantial divide between academia and industry within quantum software engineering. For example, while academic research related to debugging and testing predominantly focuses on a limited subset of primarily quantum-specific issues, industry practitioners face a broader range of practical concerns, including software integration, compatibility, and real-world implementation hurdles. This disconnect mainly arises due to academia's limited access to industry practices and the often confidential, competitive nature of quantum development in commercial settings. As a result, academic advancements often fail to translate into actionable tools and methodologies that meet industry needs. By analyzing discussions within quantum developer forums, we identify key gaps in focus and resource availability that hinder progress on both sides. We propose collaborative efforts aimed at developing practical tools, methodologies, and best practices to bridge this divide, enabling academia to address the application-driven needs of industry and fostering a more aligned, sustainable ecosystem for quantum software development.

Umair Iqbal, Muhammad Zain Bin Riaz

Blockage of cross-drainage hydraulic structures is a significant concern in water resources and civil engineering projects, particularly in urban areas experiencing increased debris supply. During storms or floods, debris can accumulate and restrict the flow capacity of these structures, leading to potential failures and adverse impacts on flood levels. While some argue that blockage at culverts is a non-issue, scientific research supports its significance in specific regions. However, in context of rivers and dams, blockage by Large Wood (LW) is an established issue with plenty of research in terms of its hydraulic impacts, dynamics, modeling and scouring impacts. Specifically in Australasia the Australian Rainfall and Runoff (ARR) initiative recognized the importance of studying blockage at culverts and introduced guidelines incorporating it into design and modeling. These guidelines also included post flood visual inspections of structures to understand blockage, however, this approach has been criticized by hydraulic engineers arguing that post flood visuals can not be considered as the representation of the peak floods blockage. Recently, an approach of using visual information to interpret the blockage has been adopted as a new dimension to the problem. This paper, therefore, highlights the advances, challenges, and opportunities in studying blockage, emphasizing the need for data-driven approaches and interdisciplinary collaboration. Understanding and addressing blockage are crucial for ensuring the efficient operation and longevity of hydraulic structures and promoting the resilience of infrastructure systems in the face of evolving environmental conditions.

Victor ADIR, Nicoleta Elisabeta PASCU, George ADIR et al.

This paper has tried to explain the importance of the general and special principles in logo design. The study was realized on a lot of logos to understand when a designer could use the principles to create wonderful graphic representations. It is about symmetry, asymmetry, proportion, rhythm and harmony, substitution, juxtaposition, using different geometric shapes, lines, curves, silhouettes and stylizations, mirror and illustrative representation and so on. We have explained how to use graphic representations in some fields of activity and to choose the best symbol for a company/university etc. And, of course, it was a significant part about the redesign working. This paper presents a few interpretations and conclusions concerning the design principles applied for logos.

Ibrahim Sabry, Virendra Pratap Singh, Abdel-Hamid Ismail Mourad et al.

Expanding the use of 6xx aluminum alloy series in various industries is challenging due to the need for cost-effective welding processes and optimal settings to ensure high-quality joints. The present research focused on the comparison of joint performance of the pipes and plates using tungsten inert gas (TIG) and friction stir welding (FSW) The AA6082 alloy material is used for pipes and plates used in the study. Various techniques were utilized, including hardness and tensile tests, and microstructural examinations. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the surface fracture of the specimens that failed under tensile tension was also examined. The present research also included the economic impact on the welding processes used. Results demonstrated that the weld obtained using FSW was defects free whereas, internal flaws were seen in TIG welded samples. The hardness value increased over the base material (BM) for the FSW and TIG by 31–35% and 46-40%, respectively. The FSW joint was welded at a maximum UTS of 3 mm/min and a rotational speed of 3000 rpm. FSW can create the AA60682 flange joints more efficiently and effectively than fusion welding procedures like TIG processes in pipeline applications. For AA6082 flange joints, overall total cost comparisons between FSW and TIG were also made.

Arnau Valls-Esteve, Rubén I. García, Anna Bellmunt et al.

Abstract Background 3D technologies [Virtual and Augmented 3D planning, 3D printing (3DP), Additive Manufacturing (AM)] are rapidly being adopted in the healthcare sector, demonstrating their relevance in personalized medicine and the rapid development of medical devices. The study’s purpose was to understand the state and evolution of 3DP/AM technologies at the Point-of-Care (PoC), its adoption, organization and process in Spanish hospitals and to understand and compare the evolution of the models, clinical applications, and challenges in utilizing the technology during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Methods This was a questionnaire-based qualitative and longitudinal study. Data on 3DP and AM activities in Spain were collected from 73 hospitals/institutions falling under the ITEMAS (Platform for Innovation in Medical and Health Technologies) and the Plataforma ISCIII Biomodelos y Biobancos from January 2019 to May 2020 for the first study, and at the end of 2022 and 2023 for the second study. Results A total of 23 (31.5%) hospitals during the first study, while 30 (41.09%) during the second study reported having at least one 3DP/AM initiative. Post-covid, the majority of hospitals had onsite 3DP/AM services with a well-defined, structured, and centralized system. Traumatology and maxillofacial surgery services were found to be the most involved in 3DP projects for the production of custom-made surgical guides, prostheses and orthoses. Bioprinting initiatives were also noted to be expanding. Human resources, cost, and regulatory compliance were the key hurdles in introducing 3D/AM in hospitals. Conclusions In-house 3DP/AM units, with Mixed-Model is the most common model in Spain; The COVID-19 pandemic influenced the 3D planning activity and adoption. Further research and clinical trials, and improvements in resources, reimbursement and regulatory compliance are critical for the Point-of-care hospital growth of this breakthrough technology.