Hasil untuk "Physiology"

S. J. Nelson, M. Ash

Michael J. Owens, C. B. Nemeroff

F. P. Gardner, R. Pearce, R. Mitchell

A. Fitter, R. Hay

W. Stadelmann, A. Digenis, G. Tobin

A. Zera, R. Denno

L. Csonka, Andrew D. Hanson

Tim Pitt, P. Lindsay, Owen Thomas et al.

S. Sensi, P. Paoletti, A. Bush et al.

C. Mantzoros, F. Magkos, Mary T. Brinkoetter et al.

Raymond B. Huey

Paul A. J. Kolarsick, Maria Ann Kolarsick, C. Goodwin

G. Drummond

D. Debanne, E. Campanac, Andrzej Bialowas et al.

Cheol-Hui Lee, Hwa-Yeon Lee, Min-Kyung Jung et al.

Missing or corrupted modalities are common in physiological signal-based medical applications owing to hardware constraints or motion artifacts. However, most existing methods assume the availability of all modalities, resulting in substantial performance degradation in the absence of any modality. To overcome this limitation, this study proposes PhysioME, a robust framework designed to ensure reliable performance under missing modality conditions. PhysioME adopts: (1) a multimodal self-supervised learning approach that combines contrastive learning with masked prediction; (2) a Dual-PathNeuroNet backbone tailored to capture the temporal dynamics of each physiological signal modality; and (3) a restoration decoder that reconstructs missing modality tokens, enabling flexible processing of incomplete inputs. The experimental results show that PhysioME achieves high consistency and generalization performance across various missing modality scenarios. These findings highlight the potential of PhysioME as a reliable tool for supporting clinical decision-making in real-world settings with imperfect data availability.

Jiankai Tang, Zhe He, Mingyu Zhang et al.

Smart rings have emerged as uniquely convenient devices for continuous physiological and behavioral sensing, offering unobtrusive, constant access to metrics such as heart rate, motion, and skin temperature. Yet most commercial solutions remain proprietary, hindering reproducibility and slowing innovation in wearable research. We introduce τ-Ring, a commercial-ready platform that bridges this gap through: (i) accessible hardware combining time-synchronized multi-channel PPG, 6-axis IMU, temperature sensing, NFC, and on-board storage; (ii) adjustable firmware that lets researchers rapidly reconfigure sampling rates, power modes, and wireless protocols; and (iii) a fully open-source Android software suite that supports both real-time streaming and 8-hour offline logging. Together, these features enable out-of-the-box, reproducible acquisition of rich physiological and behavioral datasets, accelerating prototyping and standardizing experimentation. We validate the platform with demonstration studies in heart-rate monitoring and ring-based handwriting recognition. Source code is available at GitHub: https://github.com/thuhci/OpenRing.

P Selvaraj, KT Muhammed Basheer

Introduction: To predict the risk of mortality among neonates, birth weight and gestational age have previously been used. However, a single parameter was inadequate to predict the severity of illness and outcomes for neonates. Therefore, a combination of parameters has been employed to create disease severity scoring systems aimed at predicting mortality. Consequently, various scoring systems have been developed in recent years. There is a need to assess the severity of illness in newborns, provide prognostic information to parents and formulate a new disease severity scoring system for the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) unit. Aim: To evaluate and compare the predictive accuracy of neonatal disease severity scoring systems {Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-Perinatal Extension II (SNAP-PE II), Transport Risk Index of Physiologic Stability (TRIPS), Mortality Index for Neonatal Transportation (MINT), Transport Related Mortality Score (TREMS) and Sick Neonate Score (SNS)} in assessing neonatal mortality risk upon admission to the NICU. Materials and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2023 and August 2024 at Level II and Level III NICU of Malabar Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Ulliyeri, Kozhikode, Kerala, India. Data on neonatal characteristics at admission, perinatal characteristics, maternal characteristics and transport information for 400 newborns who met the inclusion criteria were collected. Each parameter from the five disease severity scoring systems was obtained and recorded. The scores for SNAP-PE II, TRIPS, MINT, TREMS and SNS for all cases were then calculated. At the end of the seventh day of admission, the outcomes were measured as survivors and non survivors. Results: Out of 390 neonates studied, 330 (84.6%) were survivors and 60 (15.4%) were non survivors. The median and interquartile range of the SNAP-PE II, TRIPS, MINT, TREMS and SNS scoring systems were higher for non survivors than for survivors. Key predictors of mortality, including admission weight, birth weight, 1-minute and 5-minute Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) scores, gestational age and the need for resuscitation, were identified as strong indicators of mortality, regardless of age at admission. Conclusion: Neonatal disease severity scoring systems provide prognostic information, which assists in counselling parents. They also facilitate the evaluation of transport systems.

Cristina Cravana, Pietro Medica, Esterina Fazio et al.

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine system involved in the coping response to stressful challenges during exercise stimuli. Exercise represents a significant disruptor of homeostasis, inducing an ACTH-cortisol co-secretion, based on different characteristics of exercise in sport horses. Based on this statement, the aim of this study is to evaluate the circulating adrenocorticotropin and cortisol changes in Standardbred trotters, after training and racing sessions, considering the different age and sex. In particular, the aim is to determine to what extent the level of ACTH and cortisol increases during maximum effort in competition conditions (racing), and to compare two exercise conditions of different intensity, training and racing sessions, and effects on ACTH and cortisol responses. Ten Standardbreds, three females and seven males, clinically healthy, were enrolled and subjected to two exercise conditions: a non-competitive session (training) and then a competitive event (racing). Four of them were 2-year-olds and a further six were 3-year-olds. Training and racing effects on both ACTH (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and cortisol (<i>p</i> < 0.01) values were obtained. Compared to the training session, horses showed greater ACTH concentrations at rest (<i>p</i> < 0.001), at 5 (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and 30 min (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and lower cortisol concentrations only at rest (<i>p</i> < 0.01) after racing; 2- and 3-year-old horses showed the greater ACTH concentrations at 5 and 30 min (<i>p</i> < 0.01) post-racing; males showed the greater ACTH concentrations at 5 min and 30 min (<i>p</i> < 0.01) post-racing. The different stimuli of the two contexts, and differences in exercise intensity, such as training and competitive event, may have affected the direction of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response, both as an ability to adapt to physical stress of different intensity and as a preparatory activity for coping with stimuli. In conclusion, training and racing events induced a different HPA axis response in which both emotional experience and physical maturity could induce a significant adaptive response. As ACTH and cortisol concentrations in adult equids are extremely heterogeneous, further investigation is required to explore how different variables can influence the hormonal dynamics and their role as expressions of adaptive strategies to stress in horses.

George C. Lowe, George C. Lowe, George C. Lowe et al.

IntroductionPlayer profiling is fundamental to effective talent identification and development strategies. However, whilst anthropometric and physiological profiling is customary practice, effective evaluation of technical and tactical skills in team sports has arguable been overlooked, largely due to a lack of suitable measurement tools. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to design, validate, and test the reliability of a novel observational instrument for assessing technical and tactical skills in rugby union.MethodsThe Bangor Rugby Assessment Tool (BRAT) was developed via the following three stages: (1) completion of a targeted literature search and expert focus group to inform initial item content; (2) Bayesian structural equation modelling (BSEM) to examine instrument factor structure; and (3) establishment of instrument reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).ResultsResults demonstrate excellent model fit (PPP = 0.511) and strong validity for both the technical and tactical factors. ICC values ranged from moderate to excellent, demonstrating good reliability (0.79).DiscussionThe assessment tool offers a valid and reliable measure of technical and tactical aptitude within rugby union, whilst maintaining the requisite practical utility valued by practitioners.

Ajit S. Divakaruni, M. Brand