Hasil untuk "Miscellaneous systems and treatments"

Saberes Plurais

Chigozie Okwudili Obaseki, F. Imarihagbe, M. Samuel Adodo et al.

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate alterations in the noninvasive myocardial oxygen consumption, which is indicated by changes in the rate pressure product (RPP), in order to determine the cardiovascular capacity response as well as the safety of isometric exercise protocols in hypertensive stroke survivors following a 4-week isometric exercise training protocols. Methods This study used the pretest–posttest randomized controlled experimental trial design. Hypertensive stroke survivors, aged 25–74 years, were recruited and underwent comprehensive baseline assessments, including RPP, blood pressure, and heart rate measured from both the right and left brachial arteries. Participants were engaged in supervised unilateral isometric handgrip and isometric quadriceps exercise sessions targeting major muscle groups in the upper limb and lower limb for 4 weeks and done at an exercise intensity of 30% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). RPP, blood pressure, and heart rate were assessed at baseline; weeks 1, 2, and 3; and week-4 post-training. Statistical analyses, which include repeated measure ANOVA, were conducted to analyze RPP alterations in the workload on the heart of HSS as well as assess the cardiovascular fitness and the risk of cardiovascular events reoccurring in HSS. Results The results revealed a statistically significant reduction in RPP after 4 weeks of isometric exercise training, indicating a decreased cardiovascular workload which translates clinically to a reduction in the risk of a cardiovascular event occurring, hence emphasizing the clinical relevance of RPP as an indicator of cardiovascular health in participants. Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of isometric exercise training on myocardial oxygen consumption, as reflected by RPP, in hypertensive stroke survivors. The observed reduction in RPP suggests improved cardiovascular capacity, hence an improved exercise capacity as well as efficiency, which may contribute to better long-term outcomes and reduced cardiovascular risk in this vulnerable population. These findings underscore the importance of personalized rehabilitation strategies and ongoing monitoring of RPP to enhance the cardiovascular health and overall well-being of hypertensive stroke survivors. Further research is warranted to validate and refine these findings in larger, diverse cohorts and longer intervention duration in order to observe the RPP adaptation.

Seungjin Noh, Yohwan Kim, Haeryoung Jang et al.

Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction is a common cause of low back pain accompanied by sciatica. This report presents a case of acupotomy combined with integrative Korean medicine treatments administered to a patient suffering from persistent low back pain and radiating pain, who was diagnosed with SIJ dysfunction. The patient was treated with acupuncture, cupping, and bee venom pharmacocupuncture in addition to acupotomy. Pain intensity and functional ability were assessed using parameters such as numeric rating scale, Oswestry disability index, and manual muscle test. After a total of 6 treatment sessions including three sessions of acupotomy treatment, pain scores significantly decreased and the patient reported improvements in functional status. These findings suggest that acupotomy treatment can be an effective treatment method for persistent low back pain associated with SIJ dysfunction.

Meltem Akbaş, Fatma Yılmaz Fındık

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de GD ile ilgili yapılan lisansüstü ebelik tezlerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Yöntem: Bu araştırma, Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı Ulusal Tez Merkezi Veri Tabanı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Tarama ‘Gestasyonel Diyabet’, ‘Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus’, ‘Ebelilk’ anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak Aralık 2023- Ocak 2024 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, tezler tablolar halinde sunulmuş; yazar, yayın yılı, tez türü, amacı, çalışma tipi, örneklem özellikleri, veri toplama araçları ve sonuçlar özetlenmiştir. Verilerin analizleri bilgisayar ortamında yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Son on yıl içinde yapılmış toplam 10 tez incelenmiş olup, bu tezlerin çoğunluğunun tanımlayıcı tipte olduğu belirlenmiştir. Taranan yedi yüksek lisans tezinden beşi tanımlayıcı, biri metodolojik, biri deneysel; üç doktora tezinden ikisi deneysel, biri metadolojiktir. Tezlerin ikisinin GD riskini ölçme ve değerlendirmeye yarayan ölçek geliştirme çalışması olduğu, ikisinde eğitim ve danışmanlık yöntemlerinin etkinliğinin değerlendirildiği, ikisinin simülasyon ve öğrenci eğitimini içeren çalışma olduğu, ikisinde GD’li kadınların sağlık durumlarının incelendiği, birinde fiziksel aktivite ve yaşam kalitesinin incelendiği ve birinin GD tanısı ve ilişkili faktörlerle ilgili olduğu görülmüştür. Örneklem gruplarına bakıldığında, dört tezde GD’li gebeler, üç tezde genel gebe grubu, bir tezde ebelik, bir tezde ebelik ve hemşirelik bölümü öğrencileri, bir tezde ise hem gebeler hem de GD’li gebeler yer almaktadır.Sonuç: Dünyada ve ülkemizde prevelansı giderek artan GD’nin gebelerin yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilere verilen simülasyon eğitiminin, gebelere verilen eğitim ve danışmanlığın etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ebelerin GD ile ilgili daha fazla nitel ve deneysel çalışma yapması önerilmektedir.

Sanjeev Rastogi, Preeti Pandey

Asha Sreedhar, Aswini Mohan L, S. Parvathy

IUGR is defined as a rate of fetal growth that is less than normal for the expected growth potential of a specific infant. Fetuses with isolated single umbilical artery are at higher risk of prematurity, IUGR(Intra uterine growth restriction), and intrauterine death. Ayurveda provides a holistic approach towards garbhini paricharya (antenatal care). Nabhinadi (umbilical cord) nourishes the fetus, and abnormalities result in garbhashosha. This is a case report of IUGR associated with a single umbilical artery with no other abnormalities. The obstetric scan revealed decreased abdominal circumference and falling growth parameters. Ayurvedic medicines with brimhana, balya, prajasthapana actions were given. The outcome was a full-term baby of birth weight 2.5kg through vaginal delivery.

Tanmaya Milind Swati Kapre, Joseph Oliver Raj Alexander

Abstract Background Hamstring, being a two-joint muscle, tends to shorten over time, resulting in tightness, affecting performance in daily activities and is also capable of generating exaggerated posterior pelvic tilt, leading to decreased lumbar lordosis. Weak core muscles have been associated with hamstring tightness, and strengthening the core has been attempted in an effort to relax the hamstring tightness. It is believed that the hamstrings overact and over a period of time tightens, when the core is weak, to compensate for postural stability. Method Thirty-three subjects, both male and females with and without hamstring tightness, were assessed for their core endurance through McGill’s core endurance test battery. It was followed by active knee extension test to determine degree of hamstring tightness on both sides. Correlation between the two variables was statistically analyzed. Results Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the collected data. A moderate positive but significant correlation (p = 0.02) was found between flexor endurance test and active knee extension (both sides). A weak positive but significant correlation (p = 0.05) was found between extensor endurance test and active knee extension (both sides). Correlation between the right and left lateral bridge with their respective side hamstring flexibility was negative and not significant (p = 0.916 (right lateral torso endurance); p = 0.339 (left lateral torso endurance)). Conclusion Since there is a moderate positive but significant correlation between the flexion torso endurance test and both side hamstring flexibility and a weak positive but significant correlation between extension torso endurance test and both side hamstring flexibility, the core (flexor, extensor, and lateral) should be thought of as a whole unit when strengthening in order to maintain and improve hamstring flexibility.

Richard Schubert, Cedrik Kaufmann, Marcus Nolte et al.

Supervising the safe operation of automated vehicles is a key requirement in order to unleash their full potential in future transportation systems. In particular, previous publications have argued that SAE Level 4 vehicles should be aware of their capabilities at runtime to make appropriate behavioral decisions. In this paper, we present a framework that enables the implementation of an online capability monitor. We derive a graphical system model that captures the relationships between the quality of system elements across different architectural views. In an expert-driven approach, we parameterize Bayesian Networks based on this structure using Fuzzy Logic. Using the online monitor, we infer the quality of the system's capabilities based on technical measurements acquired at runtime.

Kanghong Shi, Ian R. Petersen, Igor G. Vladimirov

A new definition of discrete-time negative imaginary (NI) systems is provided. This definition characterizes the dissipative property of a zero-order hold sampled continuous-time NI system. Under some assumptions, asymptotic stability can be guaranteed for the closed-loop interconnection of an NI system and an output strictly negative imaginary system, with one of them having a one step advance. In the case of linear systems, we also provide necessary and sufficient frequency-domain and LMI conditions under which the definition is satisfied. Also provided is a simple DC gain condition for the stability results in the linear case.

Yoojin Seo, Hyung-Sik Kim

Xerostomia is a pathologic condition of hyposalivation due to salivary gland (SG) dysfunction. Although xerostomia significantly affects the quality of patients’ life, there is no satisfactory treatment for this disease. Importantly, the senior population is more susceptible to xerostomia than younger individuals and the prevalence of the disease is much higher in elderly women than in men. However, the mechanisms underlying these clinical correlations have not yet been elucidated and further studies are required. Given that cell lines exhibiting saliva-producing abilities are not available, the generation and maturation of salivary gland organoids (SGOs) have been spotlighted as a modeling system to investigate the homeostasis of SG stem cells, as well as the pathophysiology of SGs in disease. In this review article, we will review the latest reports dealing with the generation and maturation of SGOs by defining the stem cells in SGs. We will also discuss the recent literature proposing strategies to model disease and regenerate damaged tissues.

Mengqi Huo, Sha Peng, Jing Li et al.

Objective: The application of Chinese materia medica (CMM) in clinical diseases is the embodiment and continuation of the property theory of CMM (PTCMM). However, due to a lack of precise quantitative description methods, it is difficult to systematically analyze the property of CMM (PCMM) and clinical effect features at the micro molecular level. Methods: The therapeutic drugs and targets were obtained from the Drugbank database. The molecular descriptors of these drugs were calculated based on Dragon software. Drug–effect relationships that integrated the molecular descriptors and effect descriptors were plotted as grayscale images. These images were used to train the LeNet-5 model and the AlexNet model. The best-performing model was used to predict the effect features of the CMM compounds. Finally, the effect features of the PCMM combinations were calculated based on the support vector machine recursive feature elimination algorithm. Results: The AlexNet model showed a superior prediction performance. The results showed that its accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F-measure, and Matthews correlation coefficient on the training set were 0.940, 0.936, 0.945, 0.940, and 0.880, respectively, and those of the test set were 0.909, 0.901, 0.920, 0.910, and 0.819, respectively. A total of 399 compounds in the 42 CMMs for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis were predicted by this model. The key effect features of the Han-Ku-Gan combination were anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-Parkinson, hypoglycemic, and anti-coagulant properties, as well as excitation of uterine smooth muscle. The key effect features of the Wen-Xin-Gan combination were anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-hypertensive, anti-coagulant, anti-tumor, and anti-cardiac insufficiency effects, as well as enhanced immunity, sedation and hypnosis, and analgesia. Conclusion: This study provides a new method for the further exploration of the relationship between the PCMM and clinical effect features.

Brian D. O. Anderson, Mengbin Ye

This paper considers a deterministic Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) networked bivirus epidemic model (termed the bivirus model for short), in which two competing viruses spread through a set of populations (nodes) connected by two graphs, which may be different if the two viruses have different transmission pathways. The networked dynamics can give rise to complex equilibria patterns, and most current results identify conditions on the model parameters for convergence to the healthy equilibrium (where both viruses are extinct) or a boundary equilibrium (where one virus is endemic and the other is extinct). However, there are only limited results on coexistence equilibria (where both viruses are endemic). This paper establishes a set of ``counting'' results which provide lower bounds on the number of coexistence equilibria, and perhaps more importantly, establish properties on the local stability/instability properties of these equilibria. In order to do this, we employ the Poincaré-Hopf Theorem but with significant modifications to overcome several challenges arising from the bivirus system model, such as the fact that the system dynamics do not evolve on a manifold in the typical sense required to apply Poincaré-Hopf Theory. Subsequently, Morse inequalities are used to tighten the counting results, under the reasonable assumption that the bivirus system is a Morse-Smale dynamical system. Numerical examples are provided which demonstrate the presence of multiple attractor equilibria, and multiple coexistence equilibria.

Shweta Dahale, Balasubramaniam Natarajan

The transition to a smarter grid is empowered by enhanced sensor deployments and smart metering infrastructure in the distribution system. Measurements from these sensors and meters can be used for many applications, including distribution system state estimation (DSSE). However, these measurements are typically sampled at different rates and could be intermittent due to losses during the aggregation process. These multi time-scale measurements should be reconciled in real-time to perform accurate grid monitoring. This paper tackles this problem by formulating a recursive multi-task Gaussian process (RGP-G) approach that sequentially aggregates sensor measurements. Specifically, we formulate a recursive multi-task GP with and without network connectivity information to reconcile the multi time-scale measurements in distribution systems. The proposed framework is capable of aggregating the multi-time scale measurements batch-wise or in real-time. Following the aggregation of the multi time-scale measurements, the spatial states of the consistent time-series are estimated using matrix completion based DSSE approach. Simulation results on IEEE 37 and IEEE 123 bus test systems illustrate the efficiency of the proposed methods from the standpoint of both multi time-scale data aggregation and DSSE.

Johan Lindberg, Richard Pates

In this paper we derive fundamental limitations on the levels of $H_2$ and $H_\infty{}$ performance that can be achieved when controlling lossless systems. The results are applied to the swing equation power system model, where it is shown that the fundamental limit on the $H_2$ norm scales with the inverse of the harmonic mean of the inertias in the system. This indicates that power systems may see a degradation in performance as more renewables are integrated, further motivating the need for new control solutions to aid the energy transition.

Bhushan Patwardhan, Balasubramani S. Paranthaman

Prachita P. Walankar, Vrushali P. Panhale, Kanchi M. Vyas

Abstract Background Functional ankle instability is a common musculoskeletal condition affecting the community. It is characterized by repetitive bouts of giving away, recurrent sprains, and sensation of instability leading to functional deficits in an individual. The present study aimed to assess the influence of kinesiophobia on physical function and quality of life in participants with functional ankle instability. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 participants with functional ankle instability. Kinesiophobia was assessed using the 17-item Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, physical function using the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) and the FAAM-Sport version (FAAM-S), and quality of life using SF-36. Results The TSK score showed a moderate negative correlation with FAAM-S (r = −0.5, p = 0.005) and a weak negative correlation with SF-36 physical component summary (r = −0.42, p = 0.02). However, TSK showed no significant correlation with FAAM-ADL and SF-36 mental component summary. Conclusion Increased fear of movement, reduced physical function, and health-related quality of life were observed in functional ankle instability individuals. Hence, evaluation of these parameters is imperative in these individuals.

Claudio De Persis, Pietro Tesi

In a recent paper we have shown that data collected from linear systems excited by persistently exciting inputs during low-complexity experiments, can be used to design state- and output-feedback controllers, including optimal Linear Quadratic Regulators (LQR), by solving linear matrix inequalities (LMI) and semidefinite programs. We have also shown how to stabilize in the first approximation unknown nonlinear systems using data. In contrast to the case of linear systems, however, in the case of nonlinear systems the conditions for learning a controller directly from data may not be fulfilled even when the data are collected in experiments performed using persistently exciting inputs. In this paper we show how to design experiments that lead to the fulfilment of these conditions.

Daniele Astolfi, Laurent Praly, Lorenzo Marconi et al.

In linear systems theory it's a well known fact that a regulator given by the cascade of an oscillatory dynamics, driven by some regulated variables, and of a stabiliser stabilising the cascade of the plant and of the oscillators has the ability of blocking on the steady state of the regulated variables any harmonics matched with the ones of the oscillators. This is the well-celebrated internal model principle. In this paper we are interested to follow the same design route for a controlled plant that is a nonlinear and periodic system with period T : we add a bunch of linear oscillators, embedding n o harmonics that are multiple of 2$π$/T , driven by a "regulated variable" of the nonlinear system, we look for a stabiliser for the nonlinear cascade of the plant and the oscillators, and we study the asymptotic properties of the resulting closedloop regulated variable. In this framework the contributions of the paper are multiple: for specific class of minimum-phase systems we present a systematic way of designing a stabiliser, which is uniform with respect to n o , by using a mix of high-gain and forwarding techniques; we prove that the resulting closed-loop system has a periodic steady state with period T with a domain of attraction not shrinking with n o ; similarly to the linear case, we also show that the spectrum of the steady state closed-loop regulated variable does not contain the n harmonics embedded in the bunch of oscillators and that the L 2 norm of the regulated variable is a monotonically decreasing function of n o. The results are robust, namely the asymptotic properties on the regulated variable hold also in presence of any uncertainties in the controlled plant not destroying closed-loop stability.

Corey Lammie, Wei Xiang, Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

The unpredictability of seizures continues to distress many people with drug-resistant epilepsy. On account of recent technological advances, considerable efforts have been made using different hardware technologies to realize smart devices for the real-time detection and prediction of seizures. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of using Memristive Deep Learning Systems (MDLSs) to perform real-time epileptic seizure prediction on the edge. Using the MemTorch simulation framework and the Children's Hospital Boston (CHB)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) dataset we determine the performance of various simulated MDLS configurations. An average sensitivity of 77.4% and a Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) of 0.85 are reported for the optimal configuration that can process Electroencephalogram (EEG) spectrograms with 7,680 samples in 1.408ms while consuming 0.0133W and occupying an area of 0.1269mm$^2$ in a 65nm Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) process.

Andrea Cristofaro, Mattia Mattioni

In this paper, the behavior of scalar multi-agent systems over networks subject to time-driven jumps. Assuming that all agents communicate through distinct communication digraphs at jump and flow times, the asymptotic multi-consensus behavior of the hybrid network is explicitly characterized. The hybrid multi-consensus is shown to be associated with a suitable partition that is almost equitable for both the jump and flow communication digraphs. In doing so, no assumption on the underlying digraphs is introduced. Finally, the coupling rules making the multi-consensus subspace attractive are established. Several simulation examples illustrate the theoretical results.