The creative class is a new factor in shaping the social, economic and cultural spheres of the city, influencing its attractiveness to talents and the comfort of living. The purpose of the study is to analyze the factors of institutionalization and development of the creative class in Almaty, the largest metropolis in Kazakhstan. The theoretical framework of this study is the theories of Richard Florida's creative class and Charles Landry's creative city. The main ideas of the study: the creative class in Kazakhstan is insufficiently institutionalized, the city of Almaty is an important center of innovation and creativity in Kazakhstan, which has the potential to institutionalize the creative class due to the concentration of the infrastructure of creative industries, therefore, the phenomenon of the creative class has positive consequences for Almaty as a creative center. The scientific significance lies in the fact that theoretical knowledge about the possibilities of developing the potential of Almaty as a center of attraction for creative talents has been expanded and supplemented. The practical significance lies in the fact that the in-depth expert information obtained will be used to develop recommendations on support measures for the further institutionalization of the creative class in Almaty. A qualitative method was used for this study – an expert interview. To analyze the expert interview, the methodology of grounded theory was applied, which is a set of inductive procedures aimed at climbing from unstructured data to their conceptualization. As a result, a paradigmatic model was constructed that demonstrates the logical relationship of the central categories identified during the analysis. The conducted research proves the applicability of the theories about the creative class of R. Florida and C. Landry in the Kazakh context, namely, the existence of a creative class in Almaty and the city of Almaty as a center of attraction for creators.
Keywords: creative class, creative industries, creator, creative city, institutionalization.
Fereshteh Mohamadpour, Gary Groot, Ardalan Askarian
et al.
Abstract Background Advertising is one of the most important solutions that health centers and medical services around the world use to try to encourage public opinion to create a positive attitude towards preventive measures and vaccination. This study has been done with the aim of text analysis of billboards and infographics related to promoting preventive behaviors and vaccination against the coronavirus pandemic and providing solutions and models for preventive information and advertising in the field of health. Methods The study method in this research is a combination of qualitative and content analysis. Data collection was done in a targeted manner. The sample size includes 33 advertising billboards and infographics. Data collection has been done through searching the sites and websites of health networks and medical education centers in Iran, taking pictures of infographics and billboards in public places, and also receiving archive files of pictures from the public relations of health networks and medical services. The data was collected from February 19, 2020 to December 30, 2022 (the time frame of the pandemic and public vaccination program in Iran). The data was analyzed based on the three-dimensional discourse analysis theory of Fairclough. Then, an online survey about promoting preventive behaviors and vaccination against the coronavirus pandemic in the format of billboards and infographics was designed in SurveyMonkey and its link was provided to the audience through virtual networks and other platforms. The age group of people was selected from 18 to 70 years. Considering that the number of participants should be representative of the entire community under investigation, therefore, based on Cochran’s formula, the sample size was equal to 350 people. Finally, users’ opinions were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The assessment of validity involved experts in infection control and linguistics. The reliability of the measurement, determined through the Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient, yielded a coefficient of 0.968. Results The results show that among the four linguistic components of words, syntax, coherence and text structure; “live metaphors”, “pronoun “we”, “collocation and reference”, and “attitude markers” have the most impact on the audience. The frequency percentage of the data shows that these language elements have tremendous power in attracting the audience to perform preventive behaviors. The results show that the language reflects the culture, opinions and needs of people in the society. Also, the results show that encouraging people to perform preventive behaviors should be through the integration of medical information with motivational linguistic factors in order to attract the audience more. Conclusions It can be concluded that the use of the appropriate pattern of medical advertising discourse and correct communication strategies, will help public participation in the field of epidemic control. The language of effective health education and health communication during an epidemic must be related to the ways of thinking and speaking of ordinary people. Also, words with metaphorical and ironic meanings have a high potential to influence the health performance of people in society and increase public awareness of health communication. Therefore, using them to create a new value system with the aim of controlling and overcoming the consequences of the epidemic is very effective.
Abstract In this paper, we investigate entrepreneurial intention by applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) by Ajzen (1991). We specifically examine the role of gender on entrepreneurial education and role models or parental self-employment (PSE), by carrying out a multi-group analysis (MGA). We used a web-based questionnaire to collect information from 216 students at a Spanish university. Data are analysed with the help of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)–Partial Least Square (PLS). We conducted a tripartite analysis on Complete, Male, and Female Models. Regarding the Complete and Male Models, all the primary hypotheses (5 in total) were accepted, compared with four for the Female Model. In this study, the primary hypotheses focus on the core variables of the TPB. We recommend the institutionalization of traineeship, elective courses, conference and workshops on entrepreneurship to boost the entrepreneurial spirit of students. Though this study has confirmed the applicability of the TPB model to entrepreneurial intention, we did not find a significant relationship between Males and Females about their entrepreneurial intentions for some relationships. However, this study suggests that the relationship between PSE and perceived behavioural control (PBC) is stronger for Males than Females Our results have implications for entrepreneurship education scholars, program evaluators, and policymakers.
Mohsen Arabyarmohamadi, Mohammadreza Abdoli, Asghar karami
et al.
Presenting an audit report is the basis for developing competitive strategies that, in the form of operational transparency, are able to guide stakeholders in financial decisions and inform them of operational information and facts. Because auditors have a crucial role to play in reporting these reports, they need to be more balanced, both professionally and on the basis of psychological functions, in finding performance gaps with the functional realities of companies. Therefore, knowing the individual characteristics in this area can help to develop the functions of the audit report. This is because auditors, like any person in charge of a profession, may face disruptions and negative performance characteristics that make it difficult for them to disclose corporate performance facts. Hence this study was to analyze the causes of alienation of conduct in a professional career path for a more comprehensive understanding of the auditor's job is frustration. This research is a mix of methods because through the analysis of grounded theory and with the participation of 17 auditing experts, it seeks to identify the components and statements related to the causes of behavioral alienation in the professional career path of trusted auditors of the Stock Exchange Organization. Then, through the link analysis method and with the participation of trusted auditors of the stock exchange organization, it tries to examine the stimuli and consequences of behavioral alienation in the professional career path of auditors in the form of a systematic representation model. The results obtained from the qualitative part of the existence of three cultural; Social and structural dimensions in the form of 7 categories. The results in the quantitative part also showed that the lack of symbols of professional behavior in the auditors of the stock exchange organization under the component of cultural dimension is the most important functional stimulus in auditors' professional frustrations as causes of professional behavior alienation that can result from this cultural disorder. Cause social conflicts in the professional work of certified auditors of the stock exchange organization.
The article shows what problems interested humanities scholars and publicists in the prewar period of the Soviet history and how these problems were covered from new methodological positions. The works created at that time by historians of the old school are examined, it is emphasized that even in articles written by authors who have not mastered Marxist theory, much attention is paid to the problems of the life of the masses, the manifestations of the class struggle, and public relations in Stavropol villages. The activity of local history societies and organizations is highlighted. Researchers paid much attention to the problems of the agrarian history of Stavropol, works of this time, as a rule, affect both the pre-Soviet and Soviet periods, since most of them give comparative material. In the 1920s, when the ways of agricultural development were not yet determined, the practical needs of the agricultural sector caused increased attention to the issues of developing cooperation, forms of land ownership and land use in the past. The restructuring of the economy in a socialist manner in the late 1920s and early 1930s is reflected in the journalistic articles of party and Soviet leaders. In the period under review, the history of the revolutionary movement and the struggle for power of the Soviets became the most relevant topics for research. The article discusses the activities of Eastparts - commissions on the history of the revolutionary movement and civil war. It is shown that these organizations, including the Stavropol Istpart, have done a lot to collect and publish materials on this topic. The analysis of journal publications is given, the errors made by the authors are revealed. The widespread publication of the memoirs of participants in revolutionary events, characteristic of the 1920s, was not accompanied by a critical check, therefore, over articles containing incorrect information or a controversial assessment of events, discussions arose in which both historians and participants in the events took part. The characteristic is given to generalizing works on the history of the October Revolution and the Civil war in the Stavropol Territory.
Law, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities
In this globalization and information era, the role of multicultural counseling is very urgent for the community. Given the cultural exchange between one country and another country is so massive. If a counselor only focuses on the client's person without regard to the cultural factors influence it, then the process of implementing counseling can cause bias and ineffective. In its historical development, the theory and practice of multicultural counseling is still dominated by multicultural counseling originating from the West. Meanwhile, Indonesia is a country where the majority of the population is Muslim and in terms of culture differs from rational, individualist, and materialist of Western cultures. Therefore, this paper describes multicultural counseling in an Islamic perspective as an alternative to the development of multicultural counseling in Indonesia. The different human concepts, cultures, and values developed by Islam form the basic foundation in the multicultural counseling process. From this basic difference, the author further explains the competence and practice of multicultural counseling in Islam, especially in Indonesia. In obtaining the comprehensive data, the authors conducted a qualitative study by taking data sources derived from the al-Qur'an, al-Hadith, and the results of the thinking of Muslim scientists related to multicultural counseling.
Viral quasispecies refers to a population structure that consists of extremely large numbers of variant genomes, termed mutant spectra, mutant swarms or mutant clouds. Fueled by high mutation rates, mutants arise continually, and they change in relative frequency as viral replication proceeds. The term quasispecies was adopted from a theory of the origin of life in which primitive replicons) consisted of mutant distributions, as found experimentally with present day RNA viruses. The theory provided a new definition of wild type, and a conceptual framework for the interpretation of the adaptive potential of RNA viruses that contrasted with classical studies based on consensus sequences. Standard clonal analyses and deep sequencing methodologies have confirmed the presence of myriads of mutant genomes in viral populations, and their participation in adaptive processes. The quasispecies concept applies to any biological entity, but its impact is more evident when the genome size is limited and the mutation rate is high. This is the case of the RNA viruses, ubiquitous in our biosphere, and that comprise many important pathogens. In virology, quasispecies are defined as complex distributions of closely related variant genomes subjected to genetic variation, competition and selection, and that may act as a unit of selection. Despite being an integral part of their replication, high mutation rates have an upper limit compatible with inheritable information. Crossing such a limit leads to RNA virus extinction, a transition that is the basis of an antiviral design termed lethal mutagenesis.
There are a large number of modern approaches to the development and implementation of organizational knowledge management systems, methodologies and models of knowledge management. Each of them has its own peculiarities, advantages, and disadvantages, aimed at supporting the knowledge saving process. At the same time, the question of the knowledge system effectiveness remains unclear, what complicates the decision-making process. The article analyzes modern approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the knowledge management system and the feasibility of its implementation in the project environment. The approaches analyzed, such as Kaplan-Norton's Balanced Scorecard (Kaplan-Norton), Non-material Asset Monitor (K.Sweeb), Skandia Navigator (Edvinsson), etc., can be used as macro indicators to determine the benefits of Knowledge Management System, but these indicators cannot reflect actual benefits gained solely by this system in relation to business processes and organizational project objectives. Thus, the actual scientific task is not only to develop a specific method of quantifying the benefits that the Knowledge Management System provides, but also to create indicators for project implementation evaluation through Knowledge Management System efficiency. The paper objective is to develop a comprehensive method for evaluation of the effectiveness of the Knowledge Management System, taking into account the specifics of project management. The proposed model is a multi-stage process, which allows increasing the reliability of the final decisions on knowledge management in the project and evaluating the profitability of the system. In addition, the model allows reducing the cost of the project, by simulating the influence of the system elements on project parameters. The proposed model is aimed at optimization (the choice of the best algorithm from several), identification (the definition of a system with the most relevant qualifications to the real object in the given conditions) or decision-making on Knowledge Management System in a project environment. Further research will be aimed at the development of automated tools for implementing the model, which will optimize the use of the model in project-oriented organizations.
Recent theories propose that language comprehension can influence perception at the low level of perceptual system. Here, we used an adaptation paradigm to test whether processing language caused color adaptation in the visual system. After prolonged exposure to a color linguistic context, which depicted red, green, or non-specific color scenes, participants immediately performed a color detection task, indicating whether they saw a green color square in the middle of a white screen or not. We found that participants were more likely to perceive the green color square after listening to discourses denoting red compared to discourses denoting green or conveying non-specific color information, revealing that language comprehension caused an adaptation aftereffect at the perceptual level. Therefore, semantic representation of color may have a common neural substrate with color perception. These results are in line with the simulation view of embodied language comprehension theory, which predicts that processing language reactivates the sensorimotor systems that are engaged during real experience.
The European Union (EU) is under severe pressure, due to the multiple crises it has to manage. Among them, the refugee crisis is remarkable, since it is shaking both the individual member states and the EU as a whole. The media coverage of the refugee crisis is important because the media still are the main source of information concerning distant issues (the refugee crisis included), and as such it facilitates people’s access to social reality. Using the perspective of agenda-setting and the conceptual background of framing theory, we aim to (1) identify the most prominent frames online media employ with reference to the refugee crisis, and (2) reveal the tone of voice online media use when portraying issues related to this crisis. To achieve these two goals, we content analyzed 1493 online news articles, published between April 15, 2015 and February 29, 2016. Main findings show that online media outlets mainly refer to the refugee crisis in terms of responsibility and conflict, in this order of prominence. At the same time, online media portals prefer using a reasonably balanced viewpoint when portraying the refugees, and a slightly negative one in terms of attitudes towards the European Union.
Despite the potential of [1,2,4]triazino[4,3-c]quinazoline derivatives as promising bioactive compounds, their electronic spectra has not been studied. Present manuscript is aimed to the estimation of relationships of molecules structure with the nature of their UV-spectra and identifying spectral patterns of pharmacophore that determines the pharmacological activity of the substance. Mentioned information undoubtedly contributes to the development of the theory of the purposeful synthesis of organic compounds.
Methods and results. UV-spectra of sodium (3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,2,4]triazino[4,3-c]quinazolin-4-yl)acetate in different polarity solvents have been studied. It allowed to identify types of electron transitions, which were responsible of emergence of the observed absorption bands.
Conclusions. It was found that the UV-spectra of the studied compounds in solvents with different polarity were characterized by three absorption bands in the range 190–227 nm, 260–284 nm and 328–348 nm. According to Braude classification the first absorption band should be classified as 1La, the second – as 1Lb, and the third band is due to p-π- conjugation in the molecule of the whole molecule structure.