Hasil untuk "General Works"

M. Blaug

B. Bunday, H. Williams

S. Micali, V. Vazirani

U. Marconi, A. Puglisi, L. Rondoni et al.

Abstract General aspects of the Fluctuation–Dissipation Relation (FDR), and Response Theory are considered. After analyzing the conceptual and historical relevance of fluctuations in statistical mechanics, we illustrate the relation between the relaxation of spontaneous fluctuations, and the response to an external perturbation. These studies date back to Einstein’s work on Brownian Motion, were continued by Nyquist and Onsager and culminated in Kubo’s linear response theory. The FDR has been originally developed in the framework of statistical mechanics of Hamiltonian systems, nevertheless a generalized FDR holds under rather general hypotheses, regardless of the Hamiltonian, or equilibrium nature of the system. In the last decade, this subject was revived by the works on Fluctuation Relations (FR) concerning far from equilibrium systems. The connection of these works with large deviation theory is analyzed. Some examples, beyond the standard applications of statistical mechanics, where fluctuations play a major role are discussed: fluids, granular media, nanosystems and biological systems.

Seung Geol Choi, A. Kiayias, Tal Malkin

Ian R. Craig, D. Manolopoulos

B. R. Baker, R. Lai, M. S. Wood et al.

D. Yu, Hanli Wang, Peiqiu Chen et al.

Kunjin Chen, Caowei Huang, Jinliang He

A comprehensive review on the methods used for fault detection, classification and location in transmission lines and distribution systems is presented in this study. Though the three topics are highly correlated, the authors try to discuss them separately, so that one may have a more logical and comprehensive understanding of the concepts without getting confused. Great significance is also attached to the feature extraction process, without which the majority of the methods may not be implemented properly. Fault detection techniques are discussed on the basis of feature extraction. After the overall concepts and general ideas are presented, representative works as well as new progress in the techniques are covered and discussed in detail. One may find the content of this study helpful as a detailed literature review or a practical technical guidance.

Eu Wern Teh, Terrance Devries, Graham W. Taylor

We consider the problem of distance metric learning (DML), where the task is to learn an effective similarity measure between images. We revisit ProxyNCA and incorporate several enhancements. We find that low temperature scaling is a performance-critical component and explain why it works. Besides, we also discover that Global Max Pooling works better in general when compared to Global Average Pooling. Additionally, our proposed fast moving proxies also addresses small gradient issue of proxies, and this component synergizes well with low temperature scaling and Global Max Pooling. Our enhanced model, called ProxyNCA++, achieves a 22.9 percentage point average improvement of Recall@1 across four different zero-shot retrieval datasets compared to the original ProxyNCA algorithm. Furthermore, we achieve state-of-the-art results on the CUB200, Cars196, Sop, and InShop datasets, achieving Recall@1 scores of 72.2, 90.1, 81.4, and 90.9, respectively.

Yodang Yodang, Erna Rochmawati, Sarah Amalia et al.

Introduction: Advance care planning (ACP) facilitates patients’ preferences for future treatment. It has been associated with improved quality of end-of-life care. While several factors contribute to ACP implementation, little is known about the specific components involved. This scoping review aimed to identify and explore components of ACP, including knowledge, attitudes, values and beliefs, cultural and ethnic factors in patients with cancer and their families. Methods: The scoping review followed the updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) 2020 checklist. A search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases until December 2023, and the selected articles were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Results: This scoping review included 42 studies. The included studies were grouped by design: quantitative (n=12), qualitative (n=15), and mixed methods (n=15). Key ACP components identified included knowledge and perceptions (n=28), attitudes and behaviours (n=33), values and beliefs (n=26), and cultural and ethnic aspects (n=13). Conclusion: This review provides a summary of the crucial components including knowledge and perception, attitudes and behaviors, values and beliefs, and cultural and ethnic perspectives to consider when implementing ACP for patients with cancer.

Fathi Migdadi, Batool Abukhadair

Utilizing Spencer-Oatey’s Rapport Management Theory, this study examines both self-praise and self-denigration used by young people on social media platforms in Jordan. The study aimed to identify self-praise and self-denigration strategies, their roles in rapport management, and their impact on gender roles. The data consist of 359 posts and comments collected from different social media networks, such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Findings reveal three major self-praise strategies, ranked in order of frequency: self-praising for belonging, self-praising for personality and skills and self-praising for appearance. Conversely, self-denigration is mainly categorized into two strategies comprising self-denigrating for skills and self-denigrating for appearance, arranged by prevalence. These strategies illustrate different aspects of rapport management including face, sociality rights and interactional goals. This indicates how young people regulate self-expression for cultural acceptance and social rapport. The interplay between self-disclosures and cultural norms is particularly evident regarding expectations about gender roles in Jordan.

Ekaterina Timoshenkova

The article is dedicated to reflections on the activities of the prominent Austrian politician, diplomat, and public figure Walter Schwimmer (1942–2025). The author examines in detail his contributions to the development of European integration, the protection of human rights, and the promotion of intercivilizational dialogue. Special attention is given to analyzing Schwimmer's works, his public speeches, and his book «Dreams of Europe», where he advocates for the idea of a large peaceful European home without dividing borders. The article explores Schwimmer's political career, his tenure as Secretary-General of the Council of Europe (1999–2004), as well as his work as Director of the Coordinating Committee of the World Public Forum “Dialogue of Civilizations”. The author reveals Schwimmer's views on contemporary global challenges, including combating terrorism, the rise of populism, threats to democracy, reforming international institutions, and building strategic cooperation between Europe and Russia.

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Luca Massarelli, Giuseppe Antonio Di Luna, F. Petroni et al.

The binary similarity problem consists in determining if two functions are similar by only considering their compiled form. Techniques for binary similarity have an immediate practical impact on several fields such as copyright disputes, malware analysis, vulnerability detection, etc. Current solutions compare functions by first transforming their binary code in multi-dimensional vector representations (embeddings), and then comparing vectors through simple and efficient geometric operations. In this paper we propose SAFE, a novel architecture for the embedding of functions based on a self-attentive neural network. SAFE works directly on disassembled binary functions, does not require manual feature extraction, is computationally more efficient than existing solutions, and is more general as it works on stripped binaries and on multiple architectures. We report the results from a quantitative and qualitative analysis that show how SAFE provides a noticeable performance improvement with respect to previous solutions. Furthermore, we show how clusters of our embedding vectors are closely related to the semantic of the implemented algorithms, paving the way for further interesting applications.

Ledell Yu Wu, Adam Fisch, S. Chopra et al.

We present StarSpace, a general-purpose neural embedding model that can solve a wide variety of problems: labeling tasks such as text classification,ranking tasks such as information retrieval/web search,collaborative filtering-based  or content-based recommendation,embedding of multi-relational graphs, and learning word, sentence or document level embeddings.In each case the model works by embedding those entities comprised of discrete features and comparing them against each other -- learning similarities dependent on the task.Empirical results on a number of tasks show that StarSpace is highly competitive with existing methods, whilst also being generally applicable to new cases where those methods are not.

A. Cousins, Madeleine Fugère

Tantisiriwat N. Shoulder pain or disorders commonly found in clinical practice. Chula Med J 2017 Mar – Apr; 61(2): 205 - 21 Shoulder pain and disorders are common musculoskeletal problems. These problems have impact on the quality of life because the shoulder joint is the joint involving the activities of daily living such as bathing, upper-body dressing, grooming and general works especially overhead activities that require moving the hand over the head. Patients with shoulder pain and disorders have chronic shoulder pain. Common shoulder pain and disorders are as follows: frozen shoulder, shoulder impingement syndrome, rotator cuff disorders and bicipital tendinitis. This review article focuses on treatments regarding rehabilitation medicine including medication, pain relieving interventions, exercise, physical modalities, manual therapy and orthosis.

Psychotherapy Relationships That Work is the definitive, evidence-based book on the topic: Volume 1 contains 16 chapters that address what works in general and Volume 2 consists of 11 chapters that address what works for particular patients. Each chapter presents definitions, clinical examples, landmark studies, comprehensive meta-analyses, diversity considerations, training implications, and ends with bulleted clinical practices. The third edition is a compelling synthesis of best available research, clinical expertise, and patient values that underscores the power of the therapist-client connection.

Félix Terrones, Catherine Pélage

Diana Zavadska

A study has been conducted, the actualisation of which is aimed at solving problems arising in the process of financial support for the implementation of the innovative model of economic development of Ukraine and the participation of banks and other participants in the innovation process. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodological basis for the formation of a system of financing innovative economic development. Methodology. The information base of the study is the official statistical sources and the results of scientific works of leading foreign and domestic scientists. The following methods were used: system methodological approach, synergetic, analytical and synthetic approach; comparison and systematisation; observation; graphic method; logical generalisation. Results. The study highlights the general methodological provisions (purpose, objectives, functions, principles and object), which became the basis for the formation of the system of investor financing of innovative economic development. Value/оriginality. For the first time, the components of the system of financing the innovative development of the economy are specified, i.e., the levels, subjects, objects, purposes and instruments of influence. Macro-, meso- and micro-economic levels are identified, which are considered as a whole and are interrelated. Each of the economic entities contributes to the financing of innovative economic development within the framework of its objectives and instruments of influence. Practical implications. The application of the proposed system of financing the innovative development of the economy will ensure a synergetic effect, the implementation of the strategic goals of innovative development, the realisation of the economic interests of the state and the participants in the innovation process.