Hasil untuk "Economic theory. Demography"

Heather Berry, M. Guillén, Nan Zhou

C. Hawkes, Trenton G. Smith, Jo Jewell et al.

D. Massey, L. Goldring, J. Durand

S. Lee, G. Frank

Via Afrianti, Ma’mun Sarma

Global warming can be caused by various sectors, one of which is the transportation sector. The use of gasoline is one of the main contributors to energy consumption. Conventional cars typically use gasoline as fuel to support the mobility of their users. The use of this fuel can have negative impacts on the environment, such as greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. Therefore, electric vehicles could be a potential solution to reduce these impacts. However, it cannot be denied that there are several barriers to the adoption of electric vehicles. Through the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) analysis, this study explores the influence of attitudes toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on the intention to purchase electric vehicles among millennials. Additionally, it examines the motivations of millennials in their purchase intentions and the moderating role of gender in the intention to buy electric vehicles. The study sample consists of millennials living in the Jabodetabek area with an interest in electric vehicles. A quantitative method with a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)-PLS approach is used to analyze the relationships among the variables studied. The results show that TPB and motivation influence the intention to purchase electric vehicles among millennials in Jabodetabek. Meanwhile, gender moderation only influences the relationship between perceived behavioral control and the intention to buy electric vehicles among millennials in Jabodetabek.

Ana-Maria Coatu, Felix-Angel Popescu, Laurențiu Petrila

This study explores how socio-economic factors affect the effectiveness of public accountability frameworks in EU member states, with Romania as a case study. Using data from the World Bank, Eurobarometer, and cross-country comparisons, it identifies five key determinants: income inequality, education, healthcare access, political participation, and economic stability. Grounded in institutional theory, the research shows that inclusive institutions and lower disparities lead to stronger accountability, while weaker frameworks often reinforce inequality and corruption. For Romania, the study recommends boosting transparency, enforcing anti-corruption measures, improving rural-urban equity, and enhancing civic education to strengthen the link between citizens and institutions.

Юлия Александровна Коршунова

В данной статье рассматривается феномен стигматизации людей, живущих с ВИЧ, и его социально-экономические риски на примере студенческой молодёжи. Автором были проведены глубинные интервью среди студентов медицинских и не медицинских российских вузов и полуформализованный экспертный опрос. В результате глубинных интервью были выявлены стигматизирующие установки у студенческой молодёжи по отношению к людям с ВИЧ-позитивным статусом, а также проанализирована информированность студентов в области заболевания. В исследовательской работе проведено сравнение студентов медицинских и не медицинских направлений обучения. По итогам экспертного опроса была оценена эффективность мер по борьбе со стигматизацией ВИЧ в России: информирование населения по вопросам ВИЧ органами здравоохранения, средствами массовой информации; информирование детей в школах; проведение различных научных исследований по вопросам ВИЧ; международное сотрудничество и обмен информацией в рамках борьбы с ВИЧ; защита людей с ВИЧ от дискриминации на законодательном уровне. Эксперты оценили необходимость внедрения дополнительных мер, реализуемых в зарубежных странах. Были разработаны практические рекомендации по снижению социально-экономических рисков от стигматизации ВИЧ-инфицированных для Министерства просвещения, Министерства здравоохранения, Федерального собрания.

Macavilca Tello Bartolome, Kevin Fernandez, Oscar Cutipa-Luque et al.

This study explores the dynamic relationship between corruption and economic growth through an approach based on a system of stochastic equations. In the context of globalization and economic interdependencies, corruption not only affects investment and distorts markets, but it can also, under certain conditions, temporarily boost economic activity. Using data from the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), we implement a time-series-based model to capture the interactions between these two variables. Through a coupled vector autoregressive equations system, our model identifies patterns of interdependence between economic fluctuations and perceptions of corruption at a global level. Employing graph theory and Granger causality, we build a network of interconnections that illustrates how corruption dynamics in one country can influence economic growth and corruption perception in others. The results provide a robust tool for analyzing international political-economic relationships and can serve as a basis for designing policies that promote transparency and sustainable development.

Ralf Wilden, S. Gudergan, Ian Lings

ALIC BÎRCĂ, EDUARD CUNICICA

This paper presents the opportunity to investigate more views on talent management policies, as well as the prospects for their development on the labor market in the Republic of Moldova. With the aim of carrying out the respective research, the specialized literature was analyzed, regarding the definition and classification of talent management policies. At the same time, in order to identify the existence / non-existence of policies on the labor market, some normative acts were analyzed, as well as policies and practices at the level of organizations. The results of the study show that on the labor market in the Republic of Moldova are not developed public policies in the field of talent management, and the solution would be to legislate them, with subsequent transposition at the level of organizations, both public and private.

Tasmilah Tasmilah Tasmilah, Devanto Pratomo, Wildan Syafitri

The Covid-19 pandemic has decreased the number of entrepreneurs assisted by permanent workers in Indonesia. Using SAKERNAS Data of August 2019 and 2020, this study uses multinomial logistic regression to estimate the impact of digital technology in the entrepreneurial transition during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results show that digital technology and the internet have a negative and significant effect on the transition of formal entrepreneurship in Indonesia. The use of digital technology and the internet will prevent formal entrepreneurs from transitioning into informal entrepreneurs or leaving entrepreneurship. Increasing digital technology usage and the internet for promotional and sales purposes will enable entrepreneurs to survive amid a pandemic. In addition, building information technology infrastructure such as Base Transceiver Station (BTS), especially in rural areas, is necessary to increase internet coverage and encourage business scale-up in rural areas.

Andreas Fischer, Malte Küper, Thilo Schaefer

Abstract As Russia’s invasion of Ukraine continues, more and more people are calling for a ban on Russian energy imports. The proponents argue that abstaining from importing billions worth of coal, oil and gas will further increase the pressure on the Kremlin. Critics, however, including German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, warn of what they believe to be incalculable consequences, with the gas supply being particularly at risk. This article outlines the different options for substituting Russian coal, oil, and especially gas and explains why the wait-and-see attitude of the German government towards a complete import ban is understandable.

R. Boucekkine, David de la Croix, Omar Licandro

N. Murshid, Filomena M. Critelli

Sisi Que, Dr. Kwame Awuah-Offei, Ayhan Demirel et al.

Abstract Discrete choice theory has been shown to be a viable way to study individual preferences for resource development. However, only a limited amount of literature assesses the effect of culture, socio-economic, historical, and regulatory factors on the classification of factors that are important to individual preferences for resource development used in designing valid discrete choice experiments. This work seeks to assess differences in the levels of importance among the determinants of public acceptance of mining projects due to differences in cultural, regulatory, socio-economic, and historical contexts. This will be accomplished by comparing the levels of importance as reported by respondents in the United States, China and Turkey. We used the same survey in the three countries to: (1) validate in China and Turkey the classification of mining project characteristics identified by previous research in the United States; (2) verify the key demographic factors that can be used to explain individual preferences relating to project characteristics in China and Turkey; and (3) compare the differences between attitudes of respondents from mining communities in the United States, China and Turkey. The median ranking of all 16 project characteristics was higher than the midpoint ranking (neither important nor unimportant), verifying that this classification of factors were valid in the three countries. Age, gender, income, education, and number of children were related to the respondents' rankings of the importance of the mining project characteristics. We observed several differences in the rankings that can be attributed to the differences in culture, socio-economics, and historical and regulatory context and found that the level of development and national culture played a moderating role in the effect of demographics on the respondents’ rankings. These results provide insights for those designing discrete choice experiments and other instruments for facilitating mining community engagement in cross-cultural settings.

Quang Hai Nguyen

This study aims to determine tourism demand elasticities by income and prices of regions, as well as total international markets. It is deployed to a total of 10 major source markets and two separate regions, from Asia and intercontinental to Vietnam. The results of data analysis for the period 1995–2019 and using a nonlinear panel ARDL approach show that tourism demand from major Asian markets to Vietnam is strongly income elastic, but tourism demand from major intercontinental markets to Vietnam is relatively price inelastic. Tourism demand in intercontinental markets is less elastic to price, but in Asian markets it is quite price sensitive, especially own price elasticities. In addition, different effects of income and prices are found in most of the major markets. Study results have provided useful insights into different types of tourism goods and price sensitivity between market regions, as well as the degree of substitute destinations.

Geoffrey Ducournau

We propose to examine the predictability and the complexity characteristics of the Standard&Poor500 dynamics behaviors in a coarse-grained way using the symbolic dynamics method and under the prism of the Information theory through the concept of entropy and uncertainty. We believe that experimental measurement of entropy as a way of examining the complexity of a system is more relevant than more common tests of universality in the transition to chaos because it does not make any prior prejudices on the underlying causes associated with the system dynamics, whether deterministic or stochastic. We regard the studied economic time series as being complex and propose to express it in terms of the amount of information this last is producing on different time scales and according to various scaling parameters.

D. Jeffries, D. Curtis, L. Conner

L. Ruiz, S. McMahon, L. Jason

Rudy Rudy

DEPITSTOP merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang perawatan kendaraan yang berfokus pada autodetailing dan coating specialist. DEPITSTOP mulai dijalankan sejak tahun 2015. Pada tahun 2016, DEPITSTOP mulai mengembangkan usaha pada bidang variasi, seperti menjual dan memasang klakson, alarm, kaca film dan lain-lain. Selanjutnya pada tahun 2017, DEPITSTOP juga membuka persewaan kendaraan roda dua, khususnya motor Nmax. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaction quality, physical environment quality dan outcome quality terhadap kepuasan konsumen DEPITSTOP. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian inivadalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data pada penelitian ini adalah kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 71 orang konsumen DEPITSTOP yang telah menggunakan jasa  DEPITSTOP minimal dua kali dan berusia di atas 17 tahun. Hasil analisis regresi penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa interaction quality yang diberikan karyawan DEPITSTOP berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen, phyisical environment quality yang dimiliki DEPITSTOP berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen, dan outcome quality dari pelayanan yang diberikan karyawan DEPITSTOP berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Hasil penelitian ini terbukti mendukung ketiga hipotesis yang diajukan. Implikasi manajerial yang dapat diberikan kepada manajemen DEPITSTOP adalah sebagai berikut: Manajemen DEPITSTOP perlu membuat SOP yang menjabarkan secara jelas langkah-langkah dalam memberi layanan kepada konsumen Adanya pelatihan dari expert kepada masingmasing karyawan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan skill karyawan dan berdampak pula pada hasil akhir dari pekerjaan yang diterima oleh karyawan; Manajemen DEPITSTOP perlu memanggil expert untuk memberi pelatihan kepada karyawan; Manajemen DEPITSTOP perlu menerapkan sistem reward and punishment; Adanya SOP yang selalu dikomunikasikan setiap hari sebelum bengkel DEPITSTOP dibuka; Adanya pelatihan dari expert kepada masingmasing karyawan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan skill karyawan dan berdampak pula pada hasil akhir dari pekerjaan yang diterima oleh karyawan.