Hasil untuk "Crisis management. Emergency management. Inflation"

Ayotunde Giwa

Health systems in low and middle‐income countries face a fundamental puzzle: some severely resource‐constrained systems demonstrate unexpected adaptive capabilities when tested by repeated crises while others with comparable resource levels collapse. Existing theories cannot explain this variation. Resource availability approaches predict failure under extreme limitation but cannot account for adaptation despite deficits. Resilience frameworks describe desired outcomes without specifying pathways when baseline capacity is absent. Crisis management models outline learning stages but provide limited evidence on whether learning occurs in low‐resource settings. This paper develops the Crisis‐Induced Adaptive Capacity (CIAC) framework, a middle‐range theoretical synthesis of dynamic capabilities theory, high‐reliability organization principles, and crisis management scholarship. CIAC explains how adaptive capacity emerges through three mechanisms grounded in crisis responses across sub‐Saharan Africa and South Asia: dynamic reconfiguration of organizational capabilities, cultivation of reliability‐seeking behaviors, and institutionalization of crisis‐derived learning. The framework demonstrates that adaptive capacity develops through deliberate organizational processes rather than automatically from crisis exposure. CIAC generates eight testable propositions, specifies measurable indicators for investigation, and provides methodological guidance for testing mechanisms across contexts. The framework offers researchers analytical tools for longitudinal case studies and policymakers guidance for strengthening health systems when substantial resource increases remain unlikely.

Bin Li, Y. Zhong, Tingting Zhang et al.

Utilizing the content analysis approach, this study analyzed 153 textual information sources to explore Chinese restaurant enterprises' innovative activities during and after COVID-19. An innovative crisis management model was synthesized from a micro-level perspective by adopting the life cycle model to dynamically measure the innovative strategies applied by Chinese restaurant enterprises in their emergency responses and recovery efforts. Two types of innovative activities that led to internal and external performances were identified based on the push and pull theory of business motivation. Findings further indicated five dimensions of innovative strategies at two different stages: pandemic prevention and control, government and community, corporate social responsibility, marketing response, and management response at the stage of emergency responses; and pandemic prevention and control, cooperation with third parties, customer service innovation, product innovation, and innovative marketing strategy at the stage of recovery efforts. Theoretical and empirical implications are also carefully discussed.

Igor Britchenko

In today’s globally interconnected and politically unstable environment, the concept of enterprise economic security has become a strategic priority for firms facing increasingly unpredictable challenges. This article addresses the need for a comprehensive framework that allows enterprises to ensure resilience, continuity, and competitiveness amid political disruptions such as sanctions, trade conflicts, regulatory shifts, and geopolitical tensions. The objective of the study is to explore how economic security policy can be institutionalized at the enterprise level, serving as a foundation for adaptive strategy and sustainable value creation. The research employs a multi-method qualitative design, combining theoretical synthesis, case study analysis, and comparative modeling. The conceptual foundation integrates insights from strategic management, political economy, and systems theory to construct a multidimensional policy architecture. Empirical evidence is drawn from case studies of politically induced business disruptions, including the Russian sanctions regime, Brexit, COVID-19 emergency regulations, Venezuela’s nationalizations, and the U.S.–China trade war. A comparative framework is developed to classify political and economic threats and match them with relevant enterprise adaptation strategies. The results reveal that political dynamics such as lobbying, regulatory volatility, and public–private interdependence are critical determinants of economic resilience. Enterprises that institutionalize political intelligence, scenario planning, compliance flexibility, and ethical governance are more capable of mitigating shocks and capitalizing on emergent opportunities. The findings highlight that economic security is not merely a risk management concern but a strategic imperative embedded in core decision-making. This article contributes both to academic scholarship and managerial practice by offering an integrated model of enterprise economic security policy. Its practical value lies in providing corporate leaders with tools to navigate politically volatile environments without sacrificing strategic clarity or institutional integrity. The proposed framework supports evidence-based decision-making, strengthens adaptive governance, and enhances enterprise agility in the face of systemic uncertainty.

Felix Chari, Bethuel Sibongiseni Ngcamu

Purpose – The world-over, it is evident that, numbers and frequency of natural disasters have increased tremendously. The effects have given birth to a worldwide, all-inclusive humanitarian response and preparedness. In Zimbabwe, Cyclone Idai has ushered in the exploitation of various social media platforms by humanitarian organisations as a way of reaching out to the wider population on critical issues pertaining to the devastating effects of the cyclone. This study herein, aims to interrogate the efficacy of various social media platforms that were exploited by various humanitarian organisation involved in the Cyclone Idai humanitarian response. The various social media platforms are interrogated to establish their contribution to inclusivity or lack of it in relaying humanitarian interventions. Design/methodology/approach – A mixed-method approach was used to conduct the research. Quantitative and qualitative methods were applied to gather the data. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires with Likert scales and other closed questions provided. These were administered to representatives from the government, United Nations, donors, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and members of the community. On the contrary, qualitative data was gathered from members of the community and humanitarian organisations through open-ended responses provided from interviews. Quantitative data was collected from a total of 384 stakeholder representatives who were randomly selected from Chimanimani district of Manicaland province. In addition, 12 interview participants were purposively selected to complement the research tools listed above. Findings – The study findings show that social media platforms to a greater extent are effective tools for creating inclusive humanitarian response. The study findings reveal that social media has a significant positive influence on inclusive humanitarian response, with a 5% level of significance. These quantitative results agree with results obtained from interviewed participants. Managers of NGOs, community-based groups, government agencies and churches engaged in managing rescue, relief and humanitarian aid are supposed to access the study's findings in the future, and may find the results resourceful. Research limitations/implications – This study's generalisability to other districts and countries is constrained because it was conducted in the setting of the Chimanimani district. Future research can therefore be expanded to other Zimbabwean areas as well as to other countries in the Southern African region and beyond. Practical implications – Humanitarian supply chain managers engaged in managing rescue, relief and humanitarian aid are proposed as having access to the study's findings in the future as they may find them useful. Originality/value – This study contributes to the literature by providing insights that can improve information flow. This can be achieved by including different stakeholders in decision-making through the use of social media during disaster preparedness and response processes and helping them to better prepare for and respond to future disasters.

Dmitriy V. Vasilevich, Sergey N. Gus'kov

Purpose. Study of the main parameters of the waterjet cutting process that affect its efficiency. Methods. The work uses empirical research methods (determination of the sizes and characteristic shapes of abrasive material particles), a method of theoretical analysis of literary sources in determining the main parameters of the waterjet cutting process that affect its efficiency. Findings. Conceptual approaches to improving the efficiency of waterjet cutting by varying process parameters (water pressure, nozzle diameter, thickness and nature of the workpiece, density, hardness, fraction, and flow rate of the abrasive material) are identified. An analysis of the types and parameters of abrasive material used in waterjet cutting is conducted. Application field of research. The obtained results can be used to improve the efficiency of waterjet cutting (for fire extinguishing and industrial applications) and sandblasting systems.

E. Kulik, O. Vishnyakova

Amid global economic instability driven by inflation, sanctions, and geopolitical crises, the sports industry faces significant challenges that require business model adaptation. This article examines key trends impacting sports organizations in 2020– 2024, including rising costs (logistics, energy, salaries), declining sponsorship and media revenues, the effects of sanctions, and digital transformation. A comparative analysis of cost dynamics in Europe, Russia, and the Republic of Tatarstan reveals differences in the scale of price increases and adaptation strategies. Special attention is given to the Russian sports market, which, despite isolation, demonstrates potential through import substitution, reorientation toward Asia, and the growth of esports. Using SWOT analysis, the study identifies promising directions for sustainable development, such as digitalization (NFT, streaming, AI), hybrid fan engagement models, supply chain localization, and government support. The conclusion presents crisis management strategies successfully implemented by leading global sports clubs and provides recommendations for Russian organizations to mitigate risks in an unstable economic environment.

K. Jankovic, Milica Mladenović, Nenad Komazec

Businesses function within a dynamic context, frequently facing negative events and challenges. Modern business processes highlight the need for managing emergency events under conditions of uncertainty. Uncertainty is directly related to risk. Risk management within the field of crisis management is primarily focused on identifying risks and implementing measures for their treatment. Different risk theorists offer various approaches to defining risk and the phases of risk management. The risk management process encompasses a wide range of activities carried out in specific phases, requiring the exploration of opportunities for developing and implementing a systematic approach. Different business systems have different technological processes, but the risk management process is based on the same foundation. Maintaining the quality of the system is directly dependent on the organization of risk management activities related to emergency events. The objective of this process is to reduce the vulnerability of people and material assets through the implementation of preventive and reactive measures.

James Michael Alcaide Dalde

The COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges to businesses worldwide, including cooperatives in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. These organizations faced unique trials due to their distinct structure and operations. This study aims to understand the crisis management strategies employed by these cooperatives during the pandemic. Utilizing Mitroff's (1994) five stages of crisis, resilience theory, and stakeholder theory, the research provides a comprehensive view of how cooperatives navigated each stage of the crisis. Data analysis reveals that these cooperatives not only survived but also implemented multifaceted strategies to thrive amidst the challenges. Significant findings include their initial reactions, emergency planning, mitigation efforts, resumption of operations, and resilience building. The study underscores the importance of resilience and stakeholder engagement in effective crisis management, contributing to the academic discourse on cooperative management in crisis scenarios and offering practical guidance for cooperative leaders and policymakers. The study concludes that crisis management of cooperatives in Nueva Ecija was aligned with stakeholder theory, resilience theory, and Mitroff’s five stages of crisis management. Initially unprepared, they quickly adapted by implementing emergency planning, digital communication, safety protocols, workforce management, and financial support. As operations cautiously resumed, they balanced economic recovery with health concerns. This research highlights that the cooperatives in Nueva Ecija effectively navigated the COVID-19 crisis, adhering to crisis management principles and providing valuable insights for similar organizations in managing future crises.

N. Kuprina, O. Bondarenko, K. Korchakovska

Topicality. Global economic changes, such as inflation, rising energy prices, the war in Ukraine and the energy crisis, protectionist measures of economically developed countries, affect the state and structure of world trade and create new challenges for the national economy and its entities. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this article is to study the essence and methodology of building such a strategic analysis tool for assessing the macro environment of an enterprise as the BCG model. The objectives are: studying the main aspects of the application of the BCG model; studying the process of classifying business units using the BCG matrix; to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the BCG model and to determine the possibilities of applying the BCG model in modern conditions. Materials and methods. The research is based on the works of scientists dedicated to the analysis of the macroenvironment and the effectiveness of the functioning and competitiveness of entities of the national economy, including activities in emergency conditions, who studied strategic analysis as a tool for assessing factors of the external and internal environment and the possibilities for the development of the activities of business entities. Research results. The use of the BCG model – the Boston Consulting Group matrix (BCG – in English or BCG – in Ukrainian) allows not only to effectively assess competitive positions, but also to make informed management decisions that ensure long-term stability and success in the market of the business entity. In particular, in the context of globalisation and global processes and intense competition, such a model is an important tool for optimising business processes and increasing the adaptability of business entities to changes in the macro environment. The BCG matrix is based on the need to efficiently allocate resources between different business units, taking into account their relative market share and industry growth rates. Conclusion. The study has confirmed that the BCG model is a useful tool for general analysis and classification of economic sectors, but its use in the macroeconomic context requires significant adaptations and additions. In particular, for its successful use, it is necessary to take into account a wider range of macroeconomic factors and use additional methods of analysis and innovative approaches to their application, which allow for a deeper assessment of changes in the economy and risks for the strategic development of national and global markets.

Сергей Адамович Саланович, Иван Иванович Полевода, Максим Михайлович Тихонов et al.

Цель. Обновление существующей Национальной стратегии по снижению возникновения риска чрезвычайных ситуаций в Республике Беларусь на 2019–2030 годы. Методы. Общенаучные методы исследования: анализ и синтез, сравнение и обобщение. Результаты. Разработана обновленная Национальная стратегия по снижению риска чрезвычайных ситуаций в Республике Беларусь до 2030 года. Область применения исследований. Результаты работы могут быть использованы в практической деятельности при стратегическом планировании реализации мероприятий по снижению риска чрезвычайных ситуаций.

Mohanad Rezeq, Tarik Aouam, Frederik Gailly

Purpose – Authorities have set up numerous security checkpoints during times of armed conflict to control the flow of commercial and humanitarian trucks into and out of areas of conflict. These security checkpoints have become highly utilized because of the complex security procedures and increased truck traffic, which significantly slow the delivery of relief aid. This paper aims to improve the process at security checkpoints by redesigning the current process to reduce processing time and relieve congestion at checkpoint entrance gates. Design/methodology/approach – A decision-support tool (clearing function distribution model [CFDM]) is used to minimize the effects of security checkpoint congestion on the entire humanitarian supply network using a hybrid simulation-optimization approach. By using a business process simulation, the current and reengineered processes are both simulated, and the simulation output was used to estimate the clearing function (capacity as a function of the workload). For both the AS-IS and TO-BE models, key performance indicators such as distribution costs, backordering and process cycle time were used to compare the results of the CFDM tool. For this, the Kerem Abu Salem security checkpoint south of Gaza was used as a case study. Findings – The comparison results demonstrate that the CFDM tool performs better when the output of the TO-BE clearing function is used. Originality/value – The efforts will contribute to improving the planning of any humanitarian network experiencing congestion at security checkpoints by minimizing the impact of congestion on the delivery lead time of relief aid to the final destination.

Manli Zhang, D. Crow, Shih-chan Dai et al.

Abstract Increasing risks and crises present a challenging new normal for contemporary emergency management. It is important for public organizations to build robust government structures that can adapt to changing circumstances, rather than conform to rigid established procedures. Nevertheless, scholars have not fully explored how the transition to such robustness develops after crisis events. This paper fills the research gap by proposing an event-driven policy process model based on 171 identified crisis event studies, whereby a crisis drives learning that leads to changes in government structures or policy processes. Using a systematic review of the literature, we find that variation in crisis type and scale of impact influence subsequent policy dynamics that are critical to learning by governments. Key process dynamics (e.g. agenda setting, policy formulation, and implementation) and various types of learning are identified in the crisis-driven process that leads to robustness in public organizations. In addition, the role of scientific evidence and learning decay also play roles in this transition.

E. Leite, A. Silva, Raimundo Otávio Nogueira Dias et al.

This study aims to analyze the access of users of the CRAS (Social Assistance Reference Center) in Riacho Fundo II, Brasília-DF, during the COVID-19 pandemic period (SARS-CoV-2), between 2020 and 2022. It considers the concerns surrounding the Emergency Aid, an urgent measure adopted by the Federal Government, in an analysis of the performance of the so-called social assistance services. The theoretical framework of the research is based on a reflection that follows the guidelines of a qualitative-quantitative approach, meaning a qualitative understanding of the phenomenon through bibliographic research, followed by a quantitative application involving field research and data tabulation.A multiple-choice questionnaire was administered to establish a behavioral profile of the study group. The obtained results led to the conclusion that there were various obstacles to ensuring citizenship and access to assistance rights during a health, economic, and social crisis, which reaffirmed the importance of socially relevant actions in safeguarding the rights of the vulnerable population. With knowledge of these challenges, the Federal, State, and Municipal governments can work to improve their management capacity, reduce bureaucracy for receiving assistance, and consider aspects of support and monitoring for these beneficiaries. This study is justified by recognizing that during the pandemic, providing assistance to the population is considered an essential service and a legally guaranteed right.

Adel Eftekhari, Tahereh Sharif, N. Baghian et al.

Objective: The prehospital emergency system, as the front line of the health system, has played a very prominent role in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given that identifying the challenges of this area in facing various crises, especially COVID-19, can be a road map for preparing and planning for crisis management in the future, the current study was conducted with the aim of identifying the challenges of prehospital emergency in facing the corona pandemic. Methods: The present systematic review was carried out based on the PRISMA protocol. The search was conducted using the keywords “challenges, obstacles, prehospital emergency and COVID-19” in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar search engine between December 15, 2019 and March 20, 2023. Non-English articles and articles outside the scope of the COVID-19 pandemic were excluded from the study. CASP (critical appraisal skills program), JBI (Joanna Briggs institute) and MMAT (mixed methods appraisal tool) checklists were used to evaluate the quality of the articles. Results: Based on the searches, 12 articles were finally evaluated. Challenges extracted from the analysis of studies were classified into 3 main categories and 7 subcategories including the main categories of “process, structural, and psychological challenges” and the subcategories of “lack of equipment, inappropriate management of human resources, deficiencies in protocols and instructions, weak staff training, occupational burnout, and weak socio-organizational support”. Conclusion: The prehospital emergencies of the countries have faced some challenges after the outbreak of COVID-19, which requires the implementation of adaptive strategies and the efforts of the authorities to solve them to prepare for similar crises.

Eungjin Jeong

In the event of a crisis, an emergency preparedness organization that oversees and coordinates emergency preparedness tasks from basic local governments to the central government plays a very important role. However, related laws and regulations are mainly composed of exhibitions, and emergency preparedness personnel often serve as disaster, safety management, and civil defense, and lack of expertise due to the perception that they are non-preferred positions and frequent job transfers. By expanding the scope of emergency preparedness work in peacetime in preparation for diversifying North Korean threats and national crises and emergencies, the effective operation of emergency preparedness organizations should be guaranteed. The person in charge of emergency preparedness of basic local governments should be reorganized, and professionalism should be improved through regular job training. In addition, it is necessary to ensure conditions for integrated crisis management during wartime and peacetime by revising laws and regulations such as the Emergency Preparedness Resource Management Act and the Integrated Defense Act.

Masoumeh Ayashm, Asghar Molaei, Mahya Hosni Marand

Background and objective Nowadays, due to the ever-increasing growth of the population and the development of urbanization, the number of people living and working in the central areas of cities has increased. With this increase, disasters such as earthquakes and wildfires will create more challenges for residents, especially in safe emergency evacuation. At the same time, it is very necessary to provide innovative and optimal solutions to save human lives. Therefore, in this study, considering the future crises and the necessity of preparation of people, cities, and managers, we aim to introduce the factors affecting safe emergency evacuation and to identify safe spaces and buildings for emergency evacuations in Tabriz (District 8), Iran. Method In this comparative survey study using the geographical information system (GIS) and index-overlay method and a questionnaire, 35 experts in urban planning were selected to verify the model and score of each variable. By examining the concepts of crisis, crisis management, and emergency evacuation, the related factors were identified, and the conceptual framework was presented to be tested in a case study. Results Based on the study’s conceptual model, there were two main criteria for emergency evacuation: Safe space and safe building. The safe space had two components: Space and characteristics of the site. In total, there were 11 factors for identifying safe spaces and safe buildings for emergency evacuation, including religious buildings, educational buildings, sports buildings, terminals, parking lots, green spaces, open spaces, distance from hazardous facilities, proximity to fire stations, distance from ravines, and distance from faults. Conclusion District 8 of Tabriz City has a high vulnerability to disasters due to characteristics such as old fabric. The buildings such as the Arch of Alishah and Mosalla Mosque, the existing parks and green spaces, public spaces such as the Kohan Square (Mohagheghi Square), fire stations, and educational and religious centers in Tabriz can be used for emergency evacuation. Equipping these spaces with basic facilities is important and requires the attention of urban planners and managers.

F. Davies, C. Sellwood, S. Subramaniam

It could be easy to believe that an emergency impacts us all the same way and that gender, skin tone, ability and religion don't matter when it comes to emergency plans. But this is simply not true. Planning and response to disruptive events needs to consider the individual needs and vulnerabilities of the people involved which can be exacerbated due to gender, race, ethnicity, age, social class and disability. The COVID‐19 pandemic has brought the stark reality of vulnerability and disproportionality into focus, in planning for and responding to major incidents and emergencies. In recognition of this, London's NHS emergency preparedness, resilience and response (EPRR) community decided to investigate our own diversity to understand whether we represent Londoners and to use our findings to inform future NHS preparedness for major incidents and emergencies. This paper describes the first part: understanding our own diversity. Armed with this knowledge, we will now strive to be more inclusive of all Londoners in our planning. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Contingencies & Crisis Management is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Yanshuyao Zhou

The 2007-2009 financial crisis, considered the worst crisis in human history since the Great Depression of the 1930s was not expected to end the period of the Great Moderation when financial and economic stability lasted from the mid-1980s to 2007. Although more than a decade has passed since the crisis, the analysis of the causes and consequences of the 2007-2009 financial crisis remains relevant for today's global economy, which is affected by both COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine. The crisis came as a surprise to almost everyone, but its roots were already in the U.S. financial system a decade ago. The explosion of the housing market in the United States at the beginning of the 21st century attracted a large number of banks and financial institutions to invest. The immediate cause of the financial crisis was the Federal Reserve's monetary policy, inflation in subprime mortgages, and the abuse of credit default swaps. The financial crisis also triggered a large number of banks to go bankrupt due to insolvency or default, and after the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the US government had to use a large number of emergency funds to bail out the market. These bailouts largely saved these too-big-to-fail companies and had no significant effect on the years of high unemployment.