Hasil untuk "Cartography"

Massimo Morigi

Satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technologies provide an essential operational capability for the detection and monitoring of environmental damage caused by hydrocarbon spills. SAR observations allow continuous monitoring independent of weather conditions or daylight, enabling rapid response and detailed characterization of dynamic surface processes. The case study of the major oil spill that affected the Adriatic Sea on 27 May 2025 demonstrates the effectiveness of multi-temporal SAR data integration and in reconstructing the evolution of the spill over approximately 400 km of coastline. Such operational services are offered by e-GEOS and EMSA, through the SEonSE and CleanSeaNet platforms, respectively. The adoption of SAR-based monitoring frameworks strengthens early warning systems, supports environmental protection authorities, and enhances decision-making capabilities in emergency management and long-term territorial control.

F. S. Mortazavi, J. Wei, T. Schimansky et al.

Human activity and structural modifications continuously alter shared indoor spaces, leading to challenging conditions for reliable localization and motion understanding. To investigate and analyze the impact of such dynamics on long-term indoor localization, we present a multi-scenario dataset designed under controlled levels of occlusion and environmental change. The data were collected in a university entrance hall configured to simulate a conference environment, with movable poster walls and natural pedestrian activity around them. A movable LiDAR platform was used to collect data within the environment, while four synchronized overhead AI cameras captured multi-view pedestrian motion. The image data from the cameras are synchronized with the LiDAR point clouds, enabling joint analysis of pedestrian behavior in both 2D and 3D domains. Three scenarios, named extreme occluded, semi occluded, and free space, represent increasing levels of structural modification and visibility loss. High-precision ground truth was established using total station tracking. The dataset enables systematic research on localization performance under evolving indoor conditions and supports the analysis of pedestrian behavior and human–robot interaction in shared spaces.

Mercedes Rico-García, Laura V. Fielden Burns

Cultural cartography as a way to understand the relationship between cultural manifestations and maps involves visual, symbolic and cognitive mechanisms of inquiry referring to the interpretation of territorial landscapes. The introduction of geo-computation techniques has enabled users to approach map-like visualizations of the world under different parameters. The design and interpretation of map symbology is crucial which according to Peirce (1994) is activated by forming a relationship between three distinct elements: signs, interpretants and objects.  In this light, the study aims to explore the usage of digital story maps to enhance students’ cultural and linguistic acquisition in a course of English for engineers in higher education. To cover the objective, the methodology comprises a two-phased didactic approach developed as a final course project within the English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classroom. Divided into two groups, the instruction starts for the experimental and the control groups with a set of learning sessions analysing the theoretical framework underlying the semiotic process of map making and symbol interpretation. The second step for the experimental group involves the analysis and production of digital cartographic storytelling created by learners through collaborative team work, while the control group continues to analyse and then presents their conclusions about pre-existing maps to the rest of the class. The study demonstrates that the introduction of map-creation using a web-based mapping platform provided students with the ability to create geocoded narratives through visual representations, enhanced critical and spatial thinking and fostered the development of cultural and communication skills in a foreign language

Ruslan Suleymanov, Azamat Suleymanov, Gleb Zaitsev et al.

Traditional land-use systems can be modified under the conditions of climate change. Higher air temperatures and loss of productive soil moisture lead to reduced crop yields. Irrigation is a possible solution to these problems. However, intense irrigation may have contributed to land degradation. This research assessed the ameliorative potential of soil and produced large-scale digital maps of soil properties for arable plot planning for the construction and operation of irrigation systems. Our research was carried out in the southern forest–steppe zone (Southern Ural, Russia). The soil cover of the site is represented by agrochernozem soils (Luvic Chernozem). We examined the morphological, physicochemical and agrochemical properties of the soil, as well as its heavy metal contents. The random forest (RF) non-linear approach was used to estimate the spatial distribution of the properties and produce maps. We found that soils were characterized by high organic carbon content (SOC) and neutral acidity and were well supplied with nitrogen and potassium concentrations. The agrochernozem was characterized by favorable water–physical properties and showed good values for water infiltration and moisture categories. The contents of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, cobalt, zinc and copper) did not exceed permissible levels. The soil quality rating interpretation confirms that these soils have high potential fertility and are convenient for irrigation activities. The spatial distribution of soil properties according to the generated maps were not homogeneous. The results showed that remote sensing covariates were the most critical variables in explaining soil properties variability. Our findings may be useful for developing reclamation strategies for similar soils that can restore soil health and improve crop productivity.

Marco Lisi

Jamming interference to GNSS receivers is a growing threat as more systems and devices rely on GNSS for Positioning, Navigation, and timing (PNT). The European GNSS Agency (GSA today EAASA) estimated there were 6.4 billion GNSS-enabled devices in use worldwide in 2019, and forecasts this will rise to 9.5 billion by 2029 — equivalent to 1.1 devices for every person in the world.

M. Siedhoff

<p>With this contribution (which is designed as a positioning), the author pleads for a more consistent consideration of structural influences in the discussion of mortality in (textbook) population geography, and for a critical discussion of these influences. He refers to various conceptions that already have fixed places in human geography – but not in population geography – and that offer starting points for corresponding discussions.</p>

Gennady M. Verkhivker, Steve Agajanian, Deniz Yasar Oztas et al.

Qiming Zhou, Ali Ismaeel

Timely and reliable estimation of regional crop yield is a vital component of food security assessment, especially in developing regions. The traditional crop forecasting methods need ample time and labor to collect and process field data to release official yield reports. Satellite remote sensing data is considered a cost-effective and accurate way of predicting crop yield at pixel-level. In this study, maximum Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) during the crop-growing season was integrated with Machine Learning Regression (MLR) models to estimate wheat and rice yields in Pakistan’s Punjab province. Five MLR models were compared using a fivefold cross-validation method for their predictive accuracy. The study results revealed that the regression model based on the Gaussian process outperformed over other models. The best performing model attained coefficient of determination (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE, t/ha), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE, t/ha) of 0.75, 0.281, and 0.236 for wheat; 0.68, 0.112, and 0.091 for rice, respectively. The proposed method made it feasible to predict wheat and rice 6–8 weeks before the harvest. The early prediction of crop yield and its spatial distribution in the region can help formulate efficient agricultural policies for sustainable social, environmental, and economic progress.

Leandro Ítalo Barbosa de Medeiros, Pedro Luís Faggion, Samir de Souza Oliveira Alves

As obras de infraestrutura estão sujeitas às ações de forças estáticas, geralmente relacionadas ao peso do próprio corpo estrutural, e a forças dinâmicas, oriundas da ação de agentes externos à estrutura, como o vento e outras cargas móveis. O monitoramento dinâmico de estruturas é realizado, comumente, com utilização de instrumentais não geodésicos, como acelerômetros e extensômetros. Contudo, este artigo apresenta uma alternativa de técnica geodésica para o monitoramento dinâmico de estruturas por meio da análise do desempenho de uma estação total robotizada (ETR) utilizando Leitura Contínua de Direções (LCD), uma metodologia capaz de aumentar a taxa amostral do equipamento para cerca de 20 Hz, além de eliminar a latência entre as medições lineares e angulares. Os experimentos foram realizados em um ponto materializado sobre a passarela que liga os campi Centro Politécnico e Botânico da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Os dados oriundos da ETR foram comparados aos obtidos com levantamento Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) no modo relativo cinemático contínuo com frequência de 20 Hz.

Álvaro Gómez Gutiérrez, Susanne Schnabel, Francisco Lavado Contador et al.

Gully erosion in agrosilvopastoral systems of SW Spain represents a common degradation process, but has been hardly analysed. The suitability of using the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Structure from Motion photogrammetry (SfM) workflow to map small valley-bottom gullies in these landscapes was tested. The results showed centimetre-level accuracy. Observed strengths and limitations of the UAV+SfM workflow in the study areas are discussed. The resulting cartography allowed mapping soil erosion forms at outstanding spatial scales. All study areas showed evidences of degradation.

Sandro Bimonte, Mehdi Zaamoune, Philippe Beaune

Spatial online analytical processing (OLAP) and spatial data warehouse (SDW) systems are geo-business intelligence technologies that enable the analysis of huge volumes of geographic data. In the last decade, the conceptual design and implementation of SDWs that integrate spatial data, which are represented using the vector model, have been extensively investigated. However, the integration of field data (a continuous representation of spatial data) in SDWs is a recent unresolved research issue. Enhancing SDWs with field data improves the spatio-multidimensional analysis capabilities with continuity and multiresolutions. Motivated by the need for a conceptual design tool and relational online analytical processing (ROLAP) implementation, we propose a UML profile for SDWs that integrates a regular grid of points and supports continuity and multiresolutions. We also propose an efficient implementation of a ROLAP architecture.

Alberto Cina

Stazioni permanenti GPS e misure cinematiche in tempo reale

Mariella Pappalepore

Le Tecnologie di Osservazione della Terra nella PA

G. Schott

Carlos Loch, Jürgen Philips, Fernanda Simoni Schuch

Este artigo apresenta um breve histórico da evolução do Cadastro Técnico Multifinalitário (CTM) no Brasil juntamente com os esforços relativos às políticas públicas que o apoiaram e, alguns aspectos da sua evolução nos campos científicos e tecnológicos. Os autores deste artigo são profissionais com décadas de experiência nesta área, difundindo o CTM em instituições e entre gestores públicos, deixando claro o valor dos programas de governo na área, especialmente aqueles relacionados aos programas de fomento universitários e de treinamento de pessoal. Também se faz importante mostrar-se aqui o valor de algumas âncoras internacionais, muito importantes para a trajetória do cadastro no Brasil. 920 Revista Brasileira de Cartografia, N0 64/6, p. 919-930, 2012 Loch C. et al. Neste artigo também são exploradas as relações entre cadastro, cartografia e as demais tecnologias, as quais são extremamente importantes para o desenvolvimento do cadastro, uma vez que se faz necessária a coleta, processamento e armazenamento dos dados estruturados em um sistema cadastral. Para que se atinjam os objetivos deste artigo, iniciase com uma análise histórica passando pelo Tratado de Tordesilhas, a primeira lei que menciona o cadastro, alguns programas de governo desenvolvidos até chegar-se na Lei 10.267/01. Após isto, mostra-se na seqüência uma breve evolução das tecnologias utilizadas no campo do cadastro e áreas correlatas, os programas de treinamento de pessoal incluindo mestrado e doutorado em CTM no Brasil. Após discutirem-se estes assuntos, fica evidente a necessidade existente em cadastro e nas especialidades a ele relacionadas de: maior quantidade de pessoal qualificado no mercado de trabalho e mais investimento financeiro de modo que se possam vencer os obstáculos existentes no desenvolvimento dos municípios brasileiros.

W. Cartwright, M. Peterson, G. Gartner

Boaz Barzilay, Izhak Schnell, Boris A. Portnov

Il metodo Delphi è un metodo per raccogliere e strutturare indicazioni provenienti da un gruppo di esperti, utilizzando un questionario combinato con un feedback controllato delle opinioni. Il presente contributo esamina i principi fondamentali del metodo Delphi e tenta di convalidare i suoi risultati, utilizzando dati ottenuti mediante le normali tecniche econometriche di valutazione immobiliare, come, ad esempio, il metodo del prezzo edonico. Il metodo Delphi, come sosteniamo, può diventare uno strumento utile per la valutazione immobiliare in casi particolari, come i piccoli comuni con vendite di abitazioni relativamente scarse ed economie di transizione caratterizzate da mercati immobiliari in via di sviluppo.

Jan Růžička

For a general user is quite common to use data sources available on WWW. Almost all GIS software allow to use data sources available via Web Map Service (ISO/OGC standard) interface. The opportunity to use different sources and combine them brings a lot of problems that were discussed many times on conferences or journal papers. One of the problem is based on non existence of metadata for published sources. The question was: were the discussions effective? The article is partly based on comparison of situation for metadata between years 2007 and 2010. Second part of the article is focused only on 2010 year situation. The paper is created in a context of research of intelligent map systems, that can be used for an automatic or a semi-automatic map creation or a map evaluation.

Christopher Lukinbeal

<DIV align=justify>Understanding the contrast and challenge of cinematic cartographies may lie in querying what John Pickles (2004, p.89) calls the “cartographic paradox.” The cartographic paradox is that linear perspective and projectionism inform cartographic practice. Yet, these two scopic regimes are both complementary and contradictory. The cartographic paradox has been mobilized by montage, animation and motion pictures. The penultimate technology of linear perspective is cinema, whereas the penultimate technology of projectionism is GIS and animated cartography. I argue that understanding the mobilization of these scopic regimes may lead to the production of affective geovisualizations. <p><DIV align=justify>A compreensão do contraste e do desafio das cartografias cinemáticas pode residir na indagação do que John Pickles (2004, p.89) chama de “o paradoxo cartográfico.” O paradoxo cartográfico é que a perspectiva linear e o projecionismo informam a prática cartográfica. Contudo, estes dois regimes de visão são complementares e contraditórios. O paradoxo cartográfico tem sido mobilizado pela montagem e a animação de imagens em movimento. A penúltima tecnologia da perspectiva linear é o cinema, enquanto que a penúltima tecnologia do projecionismo é o SIG e a animação cartográfica. Discuto neste artigo que compreender a mobilização destes regimes de visão pode conduzir à produção de geovisualizações afetivas.