Hasil untuk "Bibliography. Library science. Information resources"

M. Lagarde, A. Haines, N. Palmer

محمد عيسى

هدف هذا البحث الى تحديد مستوى الوعي بأمن المعلومات الشخصية لدى طلاب الدكتوراه في جامعة بيروت العربية، لمعرفة مدى إدراكهم لمتطلبات حماية بياناتهم الشخصية من الجانب التقني خلال العام الدراسي 2024–2025. تأتي أهمية هذا البحث في ظل التحوّل الرقمي المتسارع الذي يشهده العالم، والذي ترافقه تحديات متزايدة تتعلق بأمن المعلومات والخصوصية، خصوصًا في ظل الاعتماد المتزايد على المنصات الرقمية التي تتطلب استخدام البيانات الشخصية في مختلف التعاملات الأكاديمية والإدارية. تم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفيّ المسحي، وتوزيع استبيان إلكتروني (عبر نماذج غوغل) على عينة من الطلاب في الفترة الممتدة من 1 حزيران إلى 31 آب 2025. أظهرت النتائج أن معظم الطلاب يمتلكون وعيًا نظريًا مقبولًا، ويلتزمون نسبيًا ببعض الممارسات الوقائية، كاستخدام كلمات مرور قوية والتحقق من موثوقية المواقع. ومع ذلك، أظهرت البيانات ضعفًا في القدرة على استخدام أدوات الحماية المتقدمة مثل برامج إدارة كلمات المرور. كما تبين عدم وجود فروق معنوية بين الطلبة الذين تلقوا مقررات في الأمن الرقمي وأولئك الذين لم يتلقوها، مما يسلّط الضوء على الحاجة لإعادة النظر في محتوى هذه المقررات وطرق تدريسها. أما التوصيات فقد ارتبطت بضرورة إدماج مفاهيم الأمن الرقمي بشكل أكثر تكاملًا ضمن الخطط الدراسية، وتنظيم ورش عمل تطبيقية تهدف إلى تعزيز المهارات العملية، بما يسهم في بناء وعي رقمي فعّال لدى طلبة الدراسات العليا.

Muhammad Kabir Khan

Libraries are actively exploring innovative methods to leverage advanced technological breakthroughs like Blockchain, driven by the rapid evolution of information technology. The inherent benefits of blockchain, including its decentralized, transparent, and safe data management capabilities, offer compelling solutions for various library operations. While Bitcoin remains a prominent application, libraries can harness Blockchain's underlying potential to significantly enhance efficiency and security across numerous facets of their services. This study delves into the multifaceted potential effects of blockchain technology on libraries. It meticulously examines possible applications, long-term benefits, and the critical significance of seamlessly integrating blockchain technology into existing library services. For instance, blockchain could revolutionize interlibrary loan systems by creating an immutable, tamper-proof record of every transaction, thereby drastically reducing administrative burdens, minimizing disputes over borrowed materials, and expediting the overall lending process. Furthermore, it offers a robust framework for enhanced intellectual property management for digital resources, ensuring that creators' rights are meticulously protected and providing transparent, auditable tracking of digital content usage. This level of verifiable provenance is particularly crucial for academic and research libraries managing vast collections of scholarly works. Ultimately, the objective is to move towards Blockchain-based library management systems that require less manual labor, thereby improving overall understanding, fostering creativity in service design, and streamlining operational efficiency. Given that blockchain adoption in libraries is still in its nascent stages, this study aims to provide insightful information that can serve as a foundational guide for future research and practical implementation. The study concludes that, by adopting a contextual approach, Blockchain technology holds immense promise for greatly enhancing the efficacy and efficiency of resource transparency, ensuring patron privacy through secure data management, and bolstering information security across all library functions. References Abdennadher, S., Grissa, D., & Hamdi, M. (2022). Blockchain in accounting and auditing: A systematic literature review. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 18(2), 234-256. Abid, H. (2021). Uses of blockchain technologies in library services. Library Hi Tech News, 38(8), 9-11. Agbo, C. C., Mahmoud, Q. H., & Eklund, J. M. (2019). Blockchain technology in healthcare: A systematic review. Healthcare, 7(2), 56. Akram, S. V., Malik, P. 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Blockchain applications for healthcare data management. Health Informatics Journal, 25(3), 1465-1474. Ekblaw, A., Azaria, A., Halamka, J. D., & Lippman, A. (2016). A case study for blockchain in healthcare: "MedRec" prototype for electronic health records and medical research data. Proceedings of IEEE Open & Big Data Conference. Fan, Y., & Liu, J. (2021). Blockchain-based digital rights management for libraries. Library Hi Tech, 39(2), 345-360. Frederick, D. (2019). Blockchain for libraries: A practical guide. Library Technology Reports, 55(8), 1-35. Fruin, C., & Joshi, S. (2021). Blockchain in interlibrary loan systems: A feasibility study. Journal of Library Administration, 61(4), 456-470. Governatori, G., Idelberger, F., Milosevic, Z., & Riveret, R. (2018). On legal contracts, imperative and declarative smart contracts, and blockchain systems. Artificial Intelligence and Law, 26(4), 377-409. Griffey, J. (2016). Blockchain for bibliographic metadata. Library Journal, 141(14), 24-26. Gupta, S., & Gupta, R. (2020). Blockchain technology in libraries: A systematic review. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 46(5), 102-115. Han, J., Kim, S., & Lee, H. (2023). Blockchain in accounting: A review of applications and future directions. Journal of Accounting Literature, 45(1), 78-92. Hargaden, V., Papakostas, N., & Newell, A. (2019). Blockchain in construction: A review of applications and challenges. Automation in Construction, 102, 1-12. Hasan, R., & Landry, B. (2018). Blockchain for library collaboration: A decentralized approach. Library Trends, 67(2), 245-260. Hasselgren, A., Kralevska, K., & Gligoroski, D. (2019). Blockchain in healthcare: A systematic mapping study. IEEE Access, 7, 12345-12367. Hoy, M. (2017). An introduction to blockchain for librarians. Library Technology Reports, 53(8), 1-35. Huang, Y., Zhou, X., & Wang, X. (2018). Blockchain-based library management system: A conceptual framework. Journal of Library and Information Science, 42(3), 123-135. Irving, G., & Holden, J. (2016). How blockchain-timestamped protocols could improve the trustworthiness of medical science. F1000Research, 5, 1-10. Iwata, T., & Uehara, M. (2019). Blockchain-based authentication for library systems. Journal of Information Processing, 27, 345-356. Jayasuriya, D., & Sims, J. (2023). Blockchain in auditing: A review of applications and challenges. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 63(2), 89-104. Jraisat, L., Sawalha, I., & Al-Khatib, A. (2023). Blockchain in supply chain management: A systematic review. Supply Chain Management, 28(1), 45-67. Kim, S., Park, J., & Lee, H. (2019). Blockchain-based metadata management for libraries. Journal of Information Science, 45(4), 567-580. Kshetri, N. (2018). Blockchain’s roles in meeting key supply chain management objectives. International Journal of Information Management, 39, 80-89. Kuzior, A., & Sira, M. (2022). Blockchain in healthcare: A systematic review. Sustainability, 14(3), 1-20. Lamm, K., & Levin, D. (2018). Blockchain for digital rights management in libraries. Library Hi Tech, 36(4), 567-580. Lemieux, V. (2016). Trusting records: Is blockchain technology the answer? Records Management Journal, 26(2), 110-139. Li, X., Jiang, P., & Wang, Y. (2019). Blockchain for environmental sustainability: A review. Sustainability, 11(8), 1-15. Meth, K. (2020). Blockchain in libraries: A practical guide. Library Technology Reports, 56(5), 1-40. Mettler, M. (2017). Blockchain in healthcare: A systematic literature review. Health Policy and Technology, 6(1), 1-10. Nowinski, W., Kozma, M., & Canhoto, A. (2017). Blockchain in business and finance: A systematic literature review. Journal of Business Research, 80, 1-15. Nwagwu, E., Chiluwa, I., & Osunmakinde, I. (2020). Blockchain for library metadata management: A systematic review. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 52(3), 789-802. Pal, S., Ruj, S., & Chattopadhyay, S. (2021). 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Akalanka Galappaththi, Francisco Ribeiro, Sarah Nadi

Data science libraries, such as scikit-learn and pandas, specialize in processing and manipulating data. The data-centric nature of these libraries makes the detection of API misuse in them more challenging. This paper introduces DSCHECKER, an LLM-based approach designed for detecting and fixing API misuses of data science libraries. We identify two key pieces of information, API directives and data information, that may be beneficial for API misuse detection and fixing. Using three LLMs and misuses from five data science libraries, we experiment with various prompts. We find that incorporating API directives and data-specific details enhances Dschecker's ability to detect and fix API misuses, with the best-performing model achieving a detection F1-score of 61.18 percent and fixing 51.28 percent of the misuses. Building on these results, we implement Dschecker agent which includes an adaptive function calling mechanism to access information on demand, simulating a real-world setting where information about the misuse is unknown in advance. We find that Dschecker agent achieves 48.65 percent detection F1-score and fixes 39.47 percent of the misuses, demonstrating the promise of LLM-based API misuse detection and fixing in real-world scenarios.

Quan Nguyen, Adji Bousso Dieng

In his 1948 seminal paper A Mathematical Theory of Communication that birthed information theory, Claude Shannon introduced mutual information (MI), which he called "rate of transmission", as a way to quantify information gain (IG) and defined it as the difference between the marginal and conditional entropy of a random variable. While MI has become a standard tool in science and engineering, it has several shortcomings. First, MI is often intractable - it requires a density over samples with tractable Shannon entropy - and existing techniques for approximating it often fail, especially in high dimensions. Moreover, in settings where MI is tractable, its symmetry and insensitivity to sample similarity are undesirable. In this paper, we propose the Vendi Information Gain (VIG), a novel alternative to MI that leverages the Vendi scores, a flexible family of similarity-based diversity metrics. We call the logarithm of the VS the Vendi entropy and define VIG as the difference between the marginal and conditional Vendi entropy of a variable. Being based on the VS, VIG accounts for similarity. Furthermore, VIG generalizes MI and recovers it under the assumption that the samples are completely dissimilar. Importantly, VIG only requires samples and not a probability distribution over them. Finally, it is asymmetric, a desideratum for a good measure of IG that MI fails to meet. VIG extends information theory to settings where MI completely fails. For example, we use VIG to describe a novel, unified framework for active data acquisition, a popular paradigm of modern data-driven science. We demonstrate the advantages of VIG over MI in diverse applications, including in cognitive science to model human response times to external stimuli and in epidemiology to learn epidemic processes and identify disease hotspots in different countries via level-set estimation.

L. A. Mandrinina, N. A. Soloviev

This publication continues the authors’ research within the framework of the scientific project of the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In this work the authors focus on studying the document flow of ego-documents of the indigenous peoples of Siberia (publications and Internet resources). We conducted the study using materials from the largest regional bibliographic database “Nauchnaya Sibirika” with the involvement of missing sources from the catalogues of a number of large libraries. The purpose of the article is a comprehensive description of ego-documents containing memoirs, diaries and letters of Siberian indigenous peoples (study of the documentary flow content in the printed form and on websites, review of publications on ego-documents on the problem). The authors defined scientific approaches and research methods. The documentary flow consisted of 64 publication titles from 1966–2023, primarily in Russian. The authors selectively included publications in the languages of indigenous peoples (if there was a translation into Russian). The authors noted significant difficulties in selecting documents: there were no nationality data in many publications; often the affiliation of war participants could be determined by indirect signs (characteristic names, surnames, geographical data, etc.), however, many indigenous peoples have Russian surnames; there was no translation of titles into Russian, etc. These reasons justify the inevitability of gaps in the selected flow of documents. The authors emphasize that this study is the first approach to the problem under research. Novelty of the study: for the first time, the publications and Internet resources flow ego-documents of Siberian indigenous peoples (Altaians, Buryats, Mansi, Siberian Tatars, Tuvans, Khakassians and Yakuts) has been selected and comprehensively studied with a certain completeness as historical sources. The authors have come to the following conclusions: the most acceptable option for introducing ego-documents into the scientific and social circulation is their presentation in the languages of the Siberian peoples with the translation into Russian, that makes it possible to convey information about the feat of indigenous peoples to the entire Russian society; there is raise of the pressing issue of the prospects for preserving ego-documents located in private archives; the lack of necessary data on the nationalities of the peoples of Russia makes it difficult to find information on relevant websites; there are problems of accessing full texts of egodocuments in the Internet space.

Elena V. Gubina

Popularization of books and reading, as one of the important tasks of modern children’s library activity, determines the relevance of studying the means of attracting potential readers to reading. The aim of the article is to review the websites of children’s libraries to identify popular recommended bibliographic resources intended for adult readers. The review of sites of 79 regional, regional and republican children’s libraries of the Russian Federation is presented. It analyses the content and forms of presentation of bibliographic resources for adult readers: parents, teachers, librarians. The review allowed to identify the potential of children’s libraries in expanding the reading circle of users of different age groups.

Tai Dinh, Wong Hauchi, Daniil Lisik et al.

This paper explores the critical role of data clustering in data science, emphasizing its methodologies, tools, and diverse applications. Traditional techniques, such as partitional and hierarchical clustering, are analyzed alongside advanced approaches such as data stream, density-based, graph-based, and model-based clustering for handling complex structured datasets. The paper highlights key principles underpinning clustering, outlines widely used tools and frameworks, introduces the workflow of clustering in data science, discusses challenges in practical implementation, and examines various applications of clustering. By focusing on these foundations and applications, the discussion underscores clustering's transformative potential. The paper concludes with insights into future research directions, emphasizing clustering's role in driving innovation and enabling data-driven decision-making.

Amirmohammad Farzaneh

Temporal Graph Neural Networks, a new and trending area of machine learning, suffers from a lack of formal analysis. In this paper, information theory is used as the primary tool to provide a framework for the analysis of temporal GNNs. For this reason, the concept of information bottleneck is used and adjusted to be suitable for a temporal analysis of such networks. To this end, a new definition for Mutual Information Rate is provided, and the potential use of this new metric in the analysis of temporal GNNs is studied.

Gabriela dos Santos Lopes, Ana Maria Cardoso de Freitas, Adaelson Machado Fonseca et al.

This article sought to provide a comprehensive and integrated view of the process of musculoskeletal injury and its rehabilitation, highlighting the importance of understanding the different tissues involved, biomechanical aspects and the appropriate choice of therapeutic resources to promote effective and functional recovery of patients. An extensive bibliographic survey was carried out, in which studies whose objectives and content were aligned with the aims of this research were carefully selected. The methodology employed consisted of a wide-ranging review of the specialised literature on the subject in question using the databases of the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, PublicMedline, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System on Line, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Google Scholar and books. The review provided up-to-date information on the musculoskeletal structures involved in injuries, recovery strategies and available treatments. It highlighted the importance of a multidisciplinary and personalised approach to effective patient recovery, taking into account the particularities of each injury and the need for an individualised rehabilitation plan. It is hoped that this review will contribute to expanding knowledge in this area and help to improve the care provided.

Konstantina Martzoukou

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has placed online learning, blended or hybrid provision as the “new normal” in Higher Education. For most universities and their academic libraries, especially those with a less strong online presence, the pandemic has caused numerous challenges. However, it has also been a catalyst for change and resifting of priorities. For academic librarians involved in the delivery of information skills/literacy training, a renewed mission is emerging, addressing access and connectivity to resources, designing for online education and fostering the development of digital literacy of students.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper based on the author's personal experiences and subjective opinion as a Library and Information Science educator with considerable expertise in online distance learning in the UK. Reflecting critically on the impact of the pandemic from an educational point of view and on key changes experienced, the paper centres on the argument that academic librarians could emerge as strategic partners in Higher Education, towards the direction of enhancing students' digital competences development.FindingsThe complete and involuntary shift to online learning due to COVID-19 restrictions has opened the door to multiple challenges in Higher Education, which are complex and ongoing: the implementation of remote tools and practices en masse in online teaching and learning in a way that ensures accessibility and equity for all, issues connecting to online pedagogy and how to prepare students with the information and digital literacy competences required for the new online learning “normal”. As academic libraries move forward, they have a renewed mission to help learners in the online space to become both information rich and digitally competent. There is an opportunity to act as the connecting link that will help to move a step forward a strategic vision that places design for equity at the centre of education.Originality/valueThe impact of COVID-19 within Higher Education and academic libraries more specifically, is a theme that has not been yet sufficiently discussed, researched or critically debated as the world is still currently going through the pandemic crisis. This paper aims to initiate some early thoughts and conversation, as well as put forward the author's personal critical positioning on the issues, challenges and potential opportunities, emerging in the current educational climate for academic librarians, and to highlight areas of importance for the design and direction of information and library science curricula.

Геннадій Гребньов

У статті досліджено інформаційний складник гібридної війни, розв’язаної росією протии України. У цьому контексті розглянуто методи та інструменти, що використовує країна-агресор, а також актуальні питання інформаційної безпеки та «медіагігієни», які постають перед українцями. З’ясовано, що на нинішньому етапі повномасштабної агресії ворог все більше вдається до проведення інформаційно-психологічних спеціальних операцій, продукування та поширення відвертої дезінформації, маніпуляцій та фейків. Як інструменти інформаційної війни широко застосовуються традиційні та новітні ЗМІ, зокрема соціальні мережі. Методом моніторингу, синтезу та контент-аналізу доведено, що з огляду на медіабезпеку найбільш ризикованими джерелами інформації є такі соціальні мережі, як Telegram, YouTube та Facebook. Водночас за період повномасштабного вторгнення росії спостерігається тенденція щодо збільшення кількості громадян, для яких основним джерелом отримання інформації є саме соціальні мережі. А тому особливої актуальності набувають питання медіагігієни, головними складниками яких є вміння оцінити й відфільтрувати «небезпечний» контент та відповідальне ставлення до поширення інформації. Стосується це як пересічних користувачів соціальних мереж, так і професійних журналістів та блогерів. Питання медіаосвіти є надзвичайно важливими не лише для конкретного індивіда, який отримує інформацію зі ЗМІ та соціальних мереж, а й загалом для національної безпеки держави, яка має ефективно реагувати на інформаційні атаки ворога. В умовах війни медіаграмотність населення набуває все більшого значення, тож поліпшення рівня обізнаності співвітчизників має стати одним із пріоритетних завдань органів влади та численних громадських інститутів.

Debashish Roy, Rajarshi Roy Chowdhury

When users in a digital library read or browse online resources, it generates an immense amount of data. If the underlying system can recommend items, such as books and journals, to the users, it will help them to find the related items. This research analyzes a digital library's usage data to recommend items to its users, and it uses different clustering algorithms to design the recommender system. We have used content-based clustering, including hierarchical, expectation maximization (EM), K-mean, FarthestFirst, and density-based clustering algorithms, and user access pattern-based clustering, which uses a hypergraph-based approach to generate the clusters. This research shows that the recommender system designed using the hypergraph algorithm generates the most accurate recommendation model compared to those designed using the content-based clustering approaches.

Jared D. Willard, Charuleka Varadharajan, Xiaowei Jia et al.

Prediction of dynamic environmental variables in unmonitored sites remains a long-standing challenge for water resources science. The majority of the world's freshwater resources have inadequate monitoring of critical environmental variables needed for management. Yet, the need to have widespread predictions of hydrological variables such as river flow and water quality has become increasingly urgent due to climate and land use change over the past decades, and their associated impacts on water resources. Modern machine learning methods increasingly outperform their process-based and empirical model counterparts for hydrologic time series prediction with their ability to extract information from large, diverse data sets. We review relevant state-of-the art applications of machine learning for streamflow, water quality, and other water resources prediction and discuss opportunities to improve the use of machine learning with emerging methods for incorporating watershed characteristics into deep learning models, transfer learning, and incorporating process knowledge into machine learning models. The analysis here suggests most prior efforts have been focused on deep learning learning frameworks built on many sites for predictions at daily time scales in the United States, but that comparisons between different classes of machine learning methods are few and inadequate. We identify several open questions for time series predictions in unmonitored sites that include incorporating dynamic inputs and site characteristics, mechanistic understanding and spatial context, and explainable AI techniques in modern machine learning frameworks.

Larysa D. Berezivska, O. Pinchuk, Svitlana M. Hopta et al.

The article reveals the specifics of creation, content, functions and value of the electronic information and bibliographic resource "Outstanding Educators of Ukraine and the World" of V. O. Sukhomlynskyi State Scientific and Pedagogical Library of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine in a comparative dimension with similar Ukrainian and foreign electronic biographical resources. The goals of the development of the electronic biographical resource have been formulated; the specifics of formation of its content and structure have been characterized; the importance of electronic biographical resources in the domestic and foreign educational and scientific space as a component of digital humanities has been substantiated. The influence of the use of electronic biographical resources on public opinion and on a person in the educational dimension has been investigated. It has been proven that in the context of the digital transformation of the scientific sphere and the integration of the Ukrainian education into the European educational and scientific space, the development of electronic information and specialized bibliographic resources, dedicated to well-known personalities in the sphere of education, history and culture, got significant repercussions. We have substantiated why the electronic resource "Outstanding Educators of Ukraine and the World", containing information about Ukrainian and foreign educators and public figures, is a unique specialist resource without analogues. It is a significant contribution to the development of digital pedagogical biographics and it makes it possible, through the prism of scientific biographies, to trace systematically the development of the Ukrainian and foreign education, pedagogical thought in both macrohistorical and microhistorical dimensions and to contribute to the restoration of the national pedagogical memory. The representation via the electronic resource of the generalized knowledge about the humanistic ideas of the Ukrainian and foreign educators and public figures of the past is of great importance for education in general, in particular for pedagogical education in Ukraine, namely in the system of professional training; it is a source of formation of a pedagogical worldview in students who will be teachers in the future, increasing their spiritual culture in the face of global civilizational challenges. We have revealed that the information and bibliographic resource requires further updating, taking into account the new achievements of the Ukrainian and foreign historical, educational and biographical studies and the latest information technologies. The priority tasks for improving the electronic resource have been identified, in particular: the prospects for the content and the ways of updating information and making qualitative changes in the functionality of the electronic educational resource.

Aleksander Sitnik OFM

Bernardyni polscy w XVI wieku byli postrzegani, także przez protestantów, jako zdecydowani obrońcy wiary i Kościoła katolickiego. Działalność tę podjęli bardzo wcześnie, bo już w latach 20. XVI wieku. Wykorzystywali w niej tradycyjne metody: kaznodziejstwo, spowiedź, liturgię, pieśń religijną, piastowane funkcje kwestarzy i kapelanów dworskich, organizowanie przyklasztornych bractw religijnych. Dzięki dobremu wykształceniu teologicznemu oraz prowadzeniu życia moralnego na odpowiednim poziomie jedynie trzech znanych z imienia i nazwiska bernardynów przeszło do obozu protestanckiego. Zakonnicy utracili na rzecz protestantów tylko jeden klasztor we Wschowie, a przejęli klasztory pruskie w Lubawie, Barczewie, Nowem, Gdańsku oraz Toruniu po upadłej w okresie reformacji saskiej prowincji zakonnej św. Jana Chrzciciela. W znacznej mierze jest to zasługa prowincjałów, którzy potrafili uchronić klasztory bernardyńskie przed reformacją.

Amirreza Asnafi, Mohsen Haji Zeinolabedini, Faezeh Ahmadipour

Access to the required information in all available scientific disciplines is one of the most important factors in the survival of that field. In the architecture field, the type of information format differs from other disciplines. The purpose of this study was to identify the behavior of images in the architecture of Shahid Beheshti University. The present study is an applied target and uses a descriptive survey method. The statistical population of the study consists of two groups of students and professors in the architecture major of Shahid Beheshti University. To determine the sample size, the Cochran formula was used and the sample size in this formula was 296 people. The results showed that the architects mainly used images for identifying creative ideas and taking advantage of the details of architectural structures. The type of image content they used was mostly photos, maps, and charts, which could be found in engines and image databases by limiting the size of the image and following related links as long as the image was taken. One of the major obstacles in finding images for architects was the lack of familiarity with the way they were searched. Creativity, proximity to the subject, credibility, and quality of the images were the criteria for selecting content. Considering the library's share in retrieving research-based images, it is suggested that library and library librarians conduct awareness-raising activities at the university's research groups such as brochures, conferences, library visits, and workshops.

Weishu Liu, Xuping Huangfu, Haifeng Wang

With the global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists from various disciplines responded quickly to this historical public health emergency. The sudden boom of COVID-19 related papers in a short period of time may bring unexpected influence to some commonly used bibliometric indicators. By a large-scale investigation using Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index, this brief communication confirms the citation advantage of COVID-19 related papers empirically through the lens of Essential Science Indicators' highly cited paper. More than 8% of COVID-19 related papers published during 2020 and 2021 were selected as Essential Science Indicators highly cited papers, which was much higher than the set global benchmark value of 1%. The citation advantage of COVID-19 related papers for different Web of Science categories/countries/journal impact factor quartiles were also demonstrated. The distortions of COVID-19 related papers' citation advantage to some bibliometric indicators such as journal impact factor were discussed at the end of this brief communication.

Fatemeh Azadi, Heshaam Faili, Mohammad Javad Dousti

Translation Quality Estimation (QE) is the task of predicting the quality of machine translation (MT) output without any reference. This task has gained increasing attention as an important component in the practical applications of MT. In this paper, we first propose XLMRScore, which is a cross-lingual counterpart of BERTScore computed via the XLM-RoBERTa (XLMR) model. This metric can be used as a simple unsupervised QE method, nevertheless facing two issues: firstly, the untranslated tokens leading to unexpectedly high translation scores, and secondly, the issue of mismatching errors between source and hypothesis tokens when applying the greedy matching in XLMRScore. To mitigate these issues, we suggest replacing untranslated words with the unknown token and the cross-lingual alignment of the pre-trained model to represent aligned words closer to each other, respectively. We evaluate the proposed method on four low-resource language pairs of the WMT21 QE shared task, as well as a new English$\rightarrow$Persian (En-Fa) test dataset introduced in this paper. Experiments show that our method could get comparable results with the supervised baseline for two zero-shot scenarios, i.e., with less than 0.01 difference in Pearson correlation, while outperforming unsupervised rivals in all the low-resource language pairs for above 8%, on average.

Desiree Rodríguez Calvo

Este artículo tiene la finalidad de identificar la percepción estudiantil ante la adaptación de la metodología didáctica a la virtualidad en los cursos de procesamiento técnico BI-2001 Catalogación I y BI-3001 Indización, de la Escuela de Bibliotecología y Ciencias de la Información de la Universidad de Costa Rica, durante el I Ciclo lectivo del 2020. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se realizó una investigación de tipo cuantitativa en la que se aplica un cuestionario en línea para analizar aspectos como el acceso que poseen a las clases virtuales y percepción respecto a las metodologías didácticas aplicadas. Se evidencia que contar con un adecuado acceso a internet es fundamental para continuar con el proceso educativo bajo la modalidad virtual, así como la importancia de adaptar los materiales didácticos y las evaluaciones que tradicionalmente se realizaban de manera presencial, considerando los factores que intervienen en la educación virtual.