This study evaluates three types of existing learning materials, namely the Special Education Standard Based Curriculum for Primary School Standard Curriculum textbooks (KSSRPK), the KSSRPK activity book and the 3M Basic Standards-Based Curriculum and Assessment Document (DSKP) used to support the teaching of writing skills among students with learning disabilities in Special Education Integration Programme (PPKI) primary schools. The use of Bengtsson's (2016) qualitative content analysis framework helped identify five gaps in writing skills, such as limited support in fine motor skills training, syllable recognition, punctuation, grammar, and creative writing. Existing learning materials also rely heavily on traditional teaching methods, lacking interactive elements needed to meet the diverse learning needs of today’s students. To address this gap, this study suggests the potential of innovative technologies such as augmented reality (AR) to complement existing materials. AR offers interactive and visually appealing solutions to constraints such as providing instant feedback, increasing engagement, and offering appropriate exercises to reinforce understanding. This technology aligns with the needs of students and enables teachers to modernize their teaching approach. These findings emphasize the need to adapt teaching resources to evolving student requirements. While current learning materials are appropriate, incorporating an interactive approach can help bridge the gap and create a more effective and relevant learning environment. This study highlights the importance of implementing innovative teaching strategies and resources to support the growing needs of students.
The issue of ensuring comprehensive psychosocial support for Ukrainian citizens through the participation of library employees in the All-Ukrainian Mental Health Program “How Are You?” has been studied. The problem of protecting mental health has become particularly urgent in Ukraine with the beginning of Russia’s full-scale war against our state. Hostilities and the circumstances associated with them have an extremely negative impact on the mental state of the Ukrainian population. More and more people are facing mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. It is noted that war has a disproportionately negative impact on women, especially on ones from marginalized groups, due to intersectional discrimination. The experience of transforming libraries into centers of psychosocial support for people in communities has been analyzed. In particular, the issues of introducing new approaches into library work to provide effective psychological assistance to the population and promote the self-development of citizens were studied. Particular attention was paid to the practice of distributing psychological self-help tools, psychological first aid, and the use of art methods bylibrary employees in their work. In particular, an effective means of supporting people’s mental health is the libraries distribution of books, audiobooks, online resources on self-development, psychological support, meditation and other interesting and useful topics. Creating a favorable environment for reading, relaxation and psychological rest, regular meetings with psychologists, groupclasses on psychological support and self-development for children and adults, conducting trainings on emotional safety, psychological self-knowledge, organizing workshops on various types of art and crafts for children and adults and other activities turn libraries into effective centers of psychological assistance and relaxation. The focus is on the problems of protecting and supporting the mental health of citizens in war conditions, in particular, taking into account the special needs of women and girls in the provision of quality psychological assistance. It is noted that such library activities expand the library’s audience, increase its popularity and authority among communities’ members. Inaddition, this becomes an effective way to receive psychological assistance for people who, for various reasons, cannot contact a professional psychologists. As a result, thanks to innovative approaches such as bibliotherapy, collaboration with psychologists, and organization of thematic events, librariesare gradually becoming an effective element on the path to psychological and emotional well-being.
Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
Irina A. Chernykh, Denis A. Gugunskiy, Alexander M. Solntsev
Every human culture has reflected the Moon’s influence in its cosmology, spirituality, science, creative and social life. For these reasons, the exploration and use of the Moon should be done thoughtfully and carefully, and possible resource extraction should not harm the Earth's only satellite and its environment as a whole. The adoption by some States of national legislation affecting the commercial exploitation of space resources, as well as the resumption of lunar programs by several leading spacefaring nations at a time, prompt the need for legal regulation in this area. However, to develop a detailed international legal regime for lunar exploration, the efforts of the States parties to the UN COPUOS alone are not sufficient since in practice other actors in international relations, including the so-called epistemic communities representing various types of non-governmental organizations, are also active participants in space activities. Such communities offer their own vision of the international legal regulation of relations arising in the framework of the exploration and use of the Moon basing on the norms of international space law and involving active participation of non-governmental legal entities, considering the interests of present and future generations, as well as of emerging space nations. The study presents a comprehensive analysis of the influence of epistemic communities on the development of the future international legal regime for lunar exploration. The authors consistently review the activities of non-governmental organizations within the UN COPUOS since its formation. Special attention is paid to the contribution of such communities to the progressive development of international space law and its codification, including the legal nature of the documents developed by such communities. The study concludes with a comprehensive international legal assessment of the activities of the epistemic communities.
The development of scientific ideas
about the structure and content of the subject of
environmental law, which includes environmental
protection relations, ensuring the rational
use of natural resources and environmental
safety, requires a scientific assessment of the
place of environmental safety in the system of
environmental law and national security law. This
requirement follows from the new nomenclature
of scientific specialties, according to which
public law regulation of environmental safety is
included in scientific specialty 5.1.2. «Public law
(state law) sciences». The need to develop ideas
about environmental safety law as an academic
discipline is also conditioned by the requirements
in educational and professional standards that
the relevant specialists should have knowledge,
skills and professional competences in the field
of ensuring environmental safety. Based on the
achievements of legal science in the field of legal
regulation of environmental safety, the author
proposes a system of ideas about the relevant
academic discipline. It is grounded on the
understanding of environmental safety law as a
system of legal norms regulating a homogeneous
range of public relations arising in connection with
the activities of authorised subjects to ensure the
safety of man, society and the state. The academic
discipline shall consist of a general and a special
part. The general part contains a description
of legal norms (institutions) that regulate the
majority of specific public relations in the field of
environmental safety. The special part includes a
system of legal norms (legal institutions) regulating
relations on ensuring environmental safety in the
process of implementation of certain dangerous
(creating threats to environmental safety) types
of activities. Such a view of environmental safety
law develops the understanding of environmental law, the system and structure of Russian law, and
allows solving applied problems about the content
of training in the field of environmental safety not
only for lawyers, but also for specialists whose
activities are associated with the impact on the
environment and ensuring national security.
Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence
Considering the requirements of high scientific return, low cost, less complexity, and more reliability for the robot proposed by the extreme environment exploration task on the planet surface, this article comprehensively reviews the history of the special spherical robot used for extraterrestrial surface exploration and summarizes the environmental characteristics and task difficulties of different planet surface. This article compares the advantages of different types of ground spherical robots and points out the superiority of special spherical robots, such as omni-direction, airtightness, zero-radius turning, under-actuated, swarming, and lightweight. In addition, the research progress of special spherical robots for extraterrestrial exploration, such as wind ball, jumping ball, fly ball, ball with leg, pendulum driven ball, tensegrity structure, are reviewed respectively. Finally, the performance characteristics of all these robots are analyzed, their application scope given.
Abstract Telocytes (TCs) are a newly discovered type of mesenchymal cell that are closely related to the tissue’s internal environment. The study aimed to investigate the morphological identification of TCs in the epididymis of adult yak and their role in the local microenvironment. In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and western blotting were used to analyze the cell morphology of TCs. The results showed that there are two types of TCs in the epididymal stroma of yak by TEM; one type is distributed around the capillaries with full cell bodies, longer TPs, and a large number of secretory vesicles; the other is distributed outside the basement membrane with irregularly long, striped, large nuclei and short telopodes (TPs). In addition, these TCs formed complex TC cell networks through TPs with epididymal interstitial capillaries and basal fibroblasts. TCs often appear near the capillaries and basement membrane by special staining. The surface markers of TCs (CD34, vimentin, and CD117) were positively expressed in the epididymal stroma and epithelium by immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence co-expression of vimentin + CD34 and CD117 + CD34 was observed on the surface of TCs. The trends in the mRNA and protein expression of TCs surface markers revealed expression was highest in the caput epididymis. In summary, this is first report of TCs in the epididymis of yak, and two phenotypes of TCs were observed. The existence and distribution characteristics of TCs in the epididymis of plateau yaks provide important clues for further study of the adaptation to reproductive function in the plateau.
ole in all sta
Oil well logging, also known as wireline logging, is a method of collecting data from the well environment to determine subterranean physical properties and reservoir parameters. Measurements are collected against depth along the well's length, and many types of wire cabling tools depend on the physical property of interest. Well probes generally has a dynamic respon to changes in rock layers and fluid composition. These probes or well logs are legal documents that record the history of a well during the drilling stages until its completion. Well probes record the physical properties of the well, which must then be interpreted in petrographic terms to obtain the characteristics of the rocks and fluids associated with the well. Many bases on which well probes are depend on obtaining information, and preventing the rocks from responding to stimuli sent by special devices, whether those stimuli are electrical, radioactive, or acoustic. In addition, there are electrically controlled mechanical bases used to measure the diameter of the well, its flow, pressure, perforation, and taking samples. Wireline refers to the technique of using the cable to deliver special equipment to the bottom of the well to repair, evaluation, or equipment recovery. A simple wireline consists of a shiny metal wire (called a slickline) that is very durable for tensile and wear operations. It is of (0.108" or 0.125") diameter. The equipment is installed at the end of the wire. Still, sometimes a braided cable is used from many small steel wires (Braided line), which makes it stronger and heavier than the first type. The information obtained from the logs is considered to assess geological areas based on porosity, permeability, hydrocarbon fluids, and shale ratio. Well logging uses logs that are much cheaper than core operations and also cheaper than the information obtained from drilling mud. This review aims to pinpoint on the most important logging processes used in oil wells, as well logs have an effective role in all stages of the oil industry.
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are defined as naturally occurring or artificially synthesized compounds. The functions of PGRs mainly include accelerating or delaying seed germination, breaking plant dormancy, stimulating or reducing bud elongation, inducing flowering and fruiting, and affecting the aging process. The application of PGRs has effectively promoted the growth of plants. However, the application concentration of PGRs is more than one millionth. The large amount of abuse and misuse of PGRs in the process of use not only reduces the yield of crops, but also exacerbates their residues in the environment, especially in agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables. So, they are detected in many environmental media like fruits, vegetables, and water. In addition, most PGRs are toxic, and some of them will undergo adsorption, desorption, hydrolysis, photolysis, microbial degradation, and other environmental behaviors after entering the soil. The decomposition products produced by this process are more toxic.In order to comprehensively understand the current status of PGRs pretreatment, analysis and test method, the common pretreatment methods of solid phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction for typical PGRs in solid substrates such as fruits and vegetables, fertilizers and soil, and in liquid substrates such as water, edible oil and nutrient solution are summarized in this paper, as well as the analysis and testing techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Moreover, to reduce the detection limit, high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) is also frequently used. At the same time, considering the strong natural attenuation ability of PGRs and the high toxicity of their intermediates, the advantages, disadvantages and applicability of different testing techniques are systematically summarized, taking into account the special structure and nature of PGRs, in order to fully understand the current status of pretreatment and analytical testing of PGRs and provide literature support for subsequent research on analytical testing, migration transformation, pollution evaluation and treatment of PGRs.Due to many impurities in the sample that can interfere with the detection, the appropriate pretreatment method can improve the accuracy of the test results. However, the sample pretreatment process accounts for more than 70% of the total analysis and test work, and about 50% of the error in the final test results comes from pretreatment. Therefore, establishing a fast, simple, and stable pretreatment method can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of analysis and detection. At present, the forms of environmental media detected for PGRs are mainly divided into two types: solid matrix samples (such as fruits, vegetables, fertilizers and soil, etc.) and liquid matrix samples (water, oil and nutrient solution, etc.). The related pretreatment methods are also mostly targeted at these two different forms of environmental media.Solid substrates involving PGRs mainly include fruits and vegetables, fertilizers and soil. Among them, fruits and vegetables are the most frequently detected solid substrates of PGRs, and some PGRs have also been detected in fertilizers, soil and other substrates. The pretreatment process of solid matrix samples can be divided into two parts: extraction and purification. Among them, solid phase extraction is the most commonly used extraction technology, and QuEChERS method is the most widely used purification method.Water, edible oil, and nutrient solution are the most frequently detected liquid substrates of PGRs. At present, liquid-liquid extraction is the most commonly used extraction method for liquid matrix. For the selection of extractants, the octanol-water partition coefficient of PGRs such as gibberellic acid and ethephon is less than 1, which is a strong polar compound and can be extracted by hydrophilic organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol and acetone; the polarity of most other PGRs such as forchlorfenuron and paclobutrazol is relatively weak, but it still belongs to the category of strong polarity compared with other kinds of compounds such as benzene and chloroethane (n-octanol-water partition coefficient>10). Therefore, the extractant can not only use methanol, but also use polar organic solvents such as ethyl acetate and chloroform that are insoluble in water. Although liquid-liquid extraction requires a lot of extractants, the high-water solubility of most PGRs makes them often directly detected by HPLC-MS/MS, which eliminates the complex pretreatment steps such as extraction and purification. In addition, because some PGRs have poor chromatographic characteristics or are not easily detected, the derivatization is also required to convert the components into derivatives suitable for analysis.Analytical and testing technologies mainly include gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), HPLC/UPLC, HPLC-MS/MS, ion chromatography (IC), spectrophotometry (SP), capillary electrophoresis (CE), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electrochemical sensor method.At present, the solubility of most PGRs in water (20℃) is 0.50-10g/L, and the octanol-water partition coefficient of most PGRs is 0-4, with strong hydrophilicity. Therefore, HPLC-MS/MS are applicable to the detection of almost all PGRs. However, HPLC-MS/MS are often used to detect the residues of PGRs in fruits and vegetables, followed by soil and fertilizer, while there are few related studies in natural water. This may be due to the rapid natural decay rate of PGRs in the natural environment, resulting in extremely small amounts of residues in natural water bodies such as surface water and groundwater that cannot be directly detected.GC has the advantages of low cost and easy maintenance, and GC-MS has become a conventional testing technology. However, GC-MS are greatly affected by sample matrix interference and require high pretreatment methods. In addition, due to the influence of the physical and chemical properties of different PGRs (such as abscisic acid and indole acetic acid with a boiling point over 400℃, or forchlorfenuron and cinnamic acid with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups), most PGRs have poor gas chromatographic characteristics and are not easily detected.The order of detection limits of PGRs is GC>HPLC>chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the lowest instrumental detection limit of chromatography-mass spectrometry is 10-5mg/kg. However, the higher solubility and the larger natural attenuation rate of most PGRs lead to the lower detection concentrations in complex environmental substrates such as soil and water, so there is still an urgent need to solve the problem of analytical testing of trace PGRs and its intermediates.In future, PGRs analysis and test method will focus on the analysis and detection of trace PGRs and their intermediates, as well as the development of new materials and technology-based methodologies.
Knowledge of the evolutionary characteristics of urban functional centers and their formation mechanisms is a prerequisite for promoting urban renewal and optimizing these centers. Taking the central urban area of Suzhou as an example, the driving mechanisms of spatial-temporal differentiation were determined through examining long-term data of urban points of interest, kernel density estimation, and location entropy. The findings are as follows. First, the spatial distribution of urban functional centers evolves from a monocentric to a polycentric pattern, with a significant pattern of primary and secondary differential order. In the case of Suzhou, the city has evolved from a single center to a multi-center functional system with one main center and four sub-centers, which is in accordance with the layout of the functional centers determined by the urban master plan. Second, The services of functional centers shift from public function to a dominance of lifestyle function and then to consumer dominance, which supports the trend of the transformation into a consumption-oriented city. The spatial differentiation of the dominant function types of each center is significant, with both a complementary division of labor and a corresponding trend of functional specialization. Under China's unique governance system, the intervention of planning policies is bound to have a significant impact on the spatial and temporal differentiation of urban functional centers. Therefore, based on the perspective of urban planning and policy, we have constructed an analytical framework for the evolution of functional centers at multiple scales and with multiple actors acting together. Macro policies are transmitted downward through national strategies and regional plans to guide the overall evolution of space and functions; at the meso policy level, the active local government builds a blueprint plan through planning tools, such as development plans and urban master plans, links with market mechanisms, and carries out urban management to promote the generation of multiple functional centers in the city. At the micro-policy level, action policies such as urban function relocation, spatial regeneration, and the creation of special spaces in new towns are coordinated to promote the function relocation and agglomeration of functional centers in the city. Multi-scale planning policies jointly construct a nested mechanism to drive the evolution of functional centers; however, the degree of spatial and temporal matching between planning policies and market mechanisms determines the formation and evolution paths of functional centers. The mismatch between the "blueprint" approach of urban planning and the flexibility of the market mechanism, the failure of the transmission of planning policies at the upper and lower levels, or the change of planning can cause a bias in the generation and evolution of functional centers. The contribution of this study is, first, to establish a spatial and temporal cognitive framework for the evolution of functional centers and to explore the evolutionary pattern of the dominant function types of functional centers based on fine-grained data. We found that the dominant functions of urban functional centers in the case study area go through an evolutionary process of "public function-living function-consumption function". A similar process has not yet been documented in other cities, underscoring the need to verify the model through multi-case comparisons. Second, the special urban governance environment in China requires that researchers and planners view policy interventions at multiple scales in order to fully understand the spatial and temporal evolution of urban functional centers and so establish a policy cognitive framework for the evolution of functional centers. Understanding the role of planning policy interventions forms the basis for the subsequent implementation of targeted planning interventions.
According to the experience in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects in the Mainland, RCC dam construction has two main advantages: the rapid construction speed of roller compacted concrete can realize early power generation, and the price of fly ash is much lower than that of cement, which can reduce the project cost. Tibet has special geographical environment and climatic conditions, and generally has the characteristics of “high altitude, low pressure, low temperature, large temperature difference between day and night, and dry climate”. Taking the dam-building environment in central Tibet as an example, through investigation and research and analogy of similar projects, this paper analyzes the adaptability of construction of RCC gravity dams in Tibet from the aspects of geographical environment, climatic conditions, material properties, construction progress, and project cost. Adaptability to high altitudes. It provides a reference for choosing a safe, reliable, economical and reasonable dam type in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects. It provides reference for selecting safe, reliable, economical and reasonable dam types in water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction.
LITE Mihaela-Cristina, SĂNDULACHE Irina-Mariana, SECĂREANU Lucia-Oana
et al.
Protein-based textiles, such as wool and silk, possess special properties and they are ranked higher on the hierarchical scale than the cellulosic ones (e.g., cotton, linen, hemp), in terms of quality. Wool is composed of keratin as the main protein component and silk consists of approx. 80% fibroin and 20% sericin. The degradation of protein-based fibers is a complex process and it is influenced by temperature, humidity and light. Also, these factors may favor a perfect environment for the development of certain microorganisms, which leads to further degradation. In the case of wool fibers, the mechanism of biodegradation involves keratinolysis (sulfitolysis, proteolysis and deamination) and for silk this mechanism is based on the proteolytic decomposition of sericin and fibroin. For the present work, protein-based fibers (wool and silk) were subjected to an accelerated aging process by using UV light, temperature and humidity. Samples from both types of fibers have been collected at a fixed time interval. The level of degradation was evaluated in terms of changes in fiber morphology, using Scanning Electron Microscopy. Also, an Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectrum was recorded in order to estimate the composition at different degrees of degradation of the samples. Moreover, chromatic parameters measurements were carried out in order to quantify the color modifications of the fibers.
Technological changes in science, economics and society lead to social, political and cultural changes. Changes in education, among other things, cause some contradictions: between the emergence of the latest technology, technology and the new generation of means for training, management and scientific research and late response of education managers to the choice, implementation and spread of innovation; between the need to develop a modern educational environment and the conservatism of leaders and pedagogical staff in the period of innovation transformations.
Based on the computer-technology platform of modern education, which acquires characteristics of open, there is a transformation of traditional learning environment into the environment of computer-mediate communication. This environment is characterized by use of distributed educational resources and infrastructures to support educational communities of different types.
We consider cognitive activity as an element of the overall learning process, which is a targeted, systematically organized, managed externally or students’ individual interaction with the surrounding reality, the result of which is the mastery of scholarly knowledge and work methods at the level of reproduction or creativity. In the process of learning, cognition gets clear form in a special and unique to the person educational and cognitive activity, or learning.
The effectiveness of educational and cognitive activity of students in particular is determined by the new paradigm of education of the information society. The entire toolkit is changed, that allow evaluating and controlling educational and cognitive activity. ICT and ICN form new solutions that can influence basic processes in the educational system: formation and development of competencies, recording achievements, learning quality assessment, creating a positive motivation and promoting individual educational and cognitive activities. The article deals with research results of problems of organization of educational and cognitive students’ activity and formation of their competencies in the context of transformational changes in the educational process caused by presentation of new technologies.
Intensification of innovation activity of enterprises requires a qualitatively new organization of interconnections and interaction between all participants of the innovation process. The spreading of forms of corporate ownership and management in Ukraine has led to the development of corporate governance, whose strategic focus is becoming a top priority in the management of industrial enterprises. The introduction of an effective corporate innovation management system enhances competitiveness and economic efficiency by ensuring due attention to the interests of investors, management, and other participants in corporate relations; financial transparency, the introduction of effective management and control rules. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the use of “corporate innovation management chart” at industrial enterprises in conducting a strategic analysis of their effective development. Methodology. Methodological basis of the work is a set of methods and principles of scientific knowledge, general and special methods and techniques used during the study. The theoretical basis of the research is fundamental positions of the general theory of systems and innovation management, the theory of corporate management, scientific works of domestic and foreign scholars in the field of innovation management and corporate governance. The legal framework of the study is the current legislative and regulatory documents regulating the innovation activity of enterprises and corporate governance. For the achievement of the set purpose during writing of the article, the following methods are used: method of system analysis (for the definition of conditions of functioning of the corporate system of management of innovations); modelling (in the development of a mechanism for managing the effective development of an industrial enterprise with the use of “corporate innovation management chart”); graphic (for a visual representation of stages of creating a “corporate innovation management chart”). Practical implications. The obtained results and practical recommendations constitute the methodical basis for the formation of a corporate innovation management system. The results of the most practical significance include: directions of management of effective development of the industrial enterprise are revealed, the need to use “corporate innovation management chart” is proved, the necessity to create “corporate innovation management chart” is substantiated, types of these charts are considered, a model of “corporate innovation management chart” is developed, stages of creation of “corporate innovation management chart” are identified, the team’s actions on creation of “corporate innovation management chart” at each stage are studied. Value/originality. It is substantiated that in order to make effective decisions under changes in the competitive environment, it is expedient for enterprises to use special forms of the planning of innovation activity. Form of such planning is the developed “corporate innovation management chart” as a special form of innovation planning, in which the achievement of strategic objectives of the enterprise is based on meeting the needs of consumers of innovative products by choosing organizational, industrial or technological innovations taking into account available resource possibilities for their implementation, which promotes, due to the possibility of viewing and updating the developed chart, making strategic management decisions in terms of changes in external and internal environment of the enterprise.
The article considers the basic constituents of economic activity of household: legal; administrative; production; marketing; commercial; financial; infrastructural types of activity. The special attention is paid to the role of modern processes of transformation of institutional environment in maintenance and character of made decision in the sector of household.
Summary. The work provides the terminological definitions of land art based on consideration of its subject, poetics and special aspects of creating an art image; reviews the course of land art development in the countries of Western world and in Ukraine; establishes and substantiates the typology of land art works; reviews and analyzes the self-organization of land art artists in Ukraine.
The term «land art» (from English word «land») means the works created by artists in the natural environment, provided that the natural environment forms a significant semantic and structural part. Land art is a genre-technique, emotionally and semantically charged space created by the artist in the process of creative act. In the work of land art, things (natural phenomena) play an auxiliary role with regard to the art image that is being created in accordance with the author’s idea, however the composition predominately does not have clearly defined boundaries and is perceived by the audience from the inside.
The research reviews the course of the land art development as a manifestation of artistic creativity, which is a separate part of the visual culture and, at the same time, a form of consciousness, typical for a specified historical period, of a large community of artists. Land art became widespread in the United States in the late 1960s and in Europe in the 1970s. For Ukrainian art in 1990–2000s.
In the course of this research, the typology of land-art works was established and substantiated on the basis of the consideration of works in their semantic-thematic relations, which is inextricably connected with artistic techniques and the specificity of the art image.
The following categories were sorted out: neo-ritual, social, and citatory types of land art works. A review of each type is accompanied by an analysis of its ideological and aesthetic peculiarities, descriptions of the corresponding land art compositions of Ukrainian artists are provided.
The research considers the institutionalization of the land art artists in Ukraine in the historical dimension. For the first time, information on the numerous initiatives to hold plein-air sessions, festivals, symposiums has been collected and analyzed.
Simulation experiments performed while solving multidisciplinary engineering and scientific problems require joint usage of multiple software tools. Further, when following a preset plan of experiment or searching for optimum solu- tions, the same sequence of calculations is run multiple times with various simulation parameters, input data, or conditions while overall workflow does not change. Automation of simulations like these requires implementing of a workflow where tool execution and data exchange is usually controlled by a special type of software, an integration environment or plat- form. The result is an integration workflow (a platform-dependent implementation of some computing workflow) which, in the context of automation, is a composition of weakly coupled (in terms of communication intensity) typical subtasks. These compositions can then be decomposed back into a few workflow patterns (types of subtasks interaction). The pat- terns, in their turn, can be interpreted as higher level subtasks.This paper considers execution control and data exchange rules that should be imposed by the integration envi- ronment in the case of an error encountered by some integrated software tool. An error is defined as any abnormal behavior of a tool that invalidates its result data thus disrupting the data flow within the integration workflow. The main requirementto the error handling mechanism implemented by the integration environment is to prevent abnormal termination of theentire workflow in case of missing intermediate results data. Error handling rules are formulated on the basic pattern level and on the level of a composite task that can combine several basic patterns as next level subtasks. The cases where workflow behavior may be different, depending on user's purposes, when an error takes place, and possible error handling op- tions that can be specified by the user are also noted in the work.