Hasil untuk "Social Sciences"

Elijah Magezi Baloyi

African funerals have been an occasion to send off the departing person in a dignified way, but they also served as a communal affair where relatives could meet and mend their relationships. For the purpose of this study, funerals have also become a situation where unknown and even unaccepted children of the male deceased who were born outside marriage would be introduced into a family or clan. There would not be any guarantee that such practices would end up adding peace into the family, depending on the reactions and suspicions that the formal wive (or wives) and her (their) children to such incidents. Even though the contestations would follow on the trustworthiness of the deceased to his household, a few questions would arise, especially if there is some inheritance left by the deceased. This article used the conceptualisation analysis of the secondary sources via desktop findings to unveil some of the traditional reasons as well as repercussions of such practices. Without ignoring the African traditions towards the handling of cheating between husbands and wives, the study, by way of discussion, made recommendations to resolve this tendency as a way forward before making concluding remarks. The study contributes to the stability of African marriage, which is, amongst others safeguared by ensuring that while cheating is discouraged, children of the deceased must also receive justice in terms of relating to their family and clan.

Sendi Chiapinotto Spiazzi, Rejane de Oliveira Pozobon

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as estratégias de comunicação das universidades públicas brasileiras a partir do contexto da plataformização (Van Dijck et al., 2018) e da desinformação. Analisamos as estratégias de comunicação de cinco universidades públicas, durante o mês de agosto de 2023, a partir dos conceitos de estratégias de captação da emoção (Charaudeau, 2013) e formas emotivas no discurso persuasivo (Mateus, 2019). A prevalência de conteúdo no Instagram destas universidades é de comunicação pública institucional, abordando serviços ofertados, eventos, feitos institucionais. As emoções mais acionadas dizem respeito à satisfação das necessidades e desejos dos públicos, principalmente por meio do protagonismo de servidores e estudantes. Em seguida, prevalecem as emoções concernentes à credibilidade

A. Schutz

Evelin Kovács

Az új vidékfejlesztési gyakorlatok kialakulásának fontos alapja az ellátási láncok újra alkotása. A SFSCk (Short Food Supply Chain) arra is alkalmasak, hogy megtörjék a hosszú, összetett ipari láncok rendszerét. Az SFSC-k esetében a termelői fogyasztói kapcsolatok „lerövidülnek” és újra definiálódnak. A szakirodalmi feltárást követően arra a következtetésre jutottam, hogy a rövid ellátási láncok napjainkban egyre nagyobb figyelmet kapnak, hazánkban is egyre több működési forma jelenik meg. A helyi termékek népszerűsítését számos program segítette az utóbbi években. Azt tapasztaltam, hogy a nemzetközi szakirodalom esettanulmány jelleggel mutatja be a REL-ek működését. A tanulmány elsődleges célja az volt, hogy olyan nemzetközi példákat kutassak fel, amelyek összehasonlítási alapot képezhetnek a hazánkban működő, különös tekintettel a Hajdú-Bihar megyei szerveződéseknek. Ezt követően pedig konkrét Hajdú-Bihar megyében működő hálózatokat mutattam be, négy hálózatot sikerült azonosítanom. Végezetül pedig a REL tagok közötti kérdőíves felmérés eredményét taglaltam. Összegezve a válaszadók 80%-a hisz a REL-ek életképességében, gazdaságos működtetésében. A legtöbben az információs technológia fejlesztését jelölték meg, mint fejlesztendő működési terület. A gazdálkodók hajlandóak lennének a termékelőállítás gazdaságossága érdekében erősíteni a közvetlen értékesítést. A termelők 88%-a értékesít helyi, termelői piacokon. Ők alapvetően elégedettek a termelői piac működésével, emellett úgy vélik gazdasági szempontból kielégítő a termelői piacon történő árusítás.

Diego Luna, José Antonio Pineda-Alfonso

The purpose of this study was to offer an inside look at the coexistence of different ways of conceiving and organising the knowledge of social sciences in current schools. To this end, the methods of autoethnography and critical discourse analysis were used in a case study focused on the teaching experience of one of the authors. The system of categories constructed allowed us to empirically verify the existence of a conflict between two major epistemological paradigms, competency and disciplinary, in clear correspondence with a gap between innovative educational discourses and traditional school practices. In the case analysed, this conflict led to a curricular over-dimensioning, which aimed to expand the elements to be worked on by teachers and their students qualitatively and quantitatively. The causes of this phenomenon are related to neo-liberal pedagogical parameters and allowed us to conclude that we should not conceive of competency-based learning either as an educational change by itself or as a strategy that guarantees change.

Desinta Roichanun Nisa, Iradhad Taqwa Sihidi

The construction of an oil refinery in Tuban Regency, a National Strategic Project (PSN), has been rejected by the Tuban community. This study aims to explain the efforts made by PT Pertamina and the government in resolving the land acquisition conflict regarding the construction of an oil refinery in Jenu, Tuban Regency. The researchers used the descriptive qualitative method, collected data using interviews and documentation, and analyzed the collected, reduced and presented data. The results showed that the parties resolved the conflict through litigation, mediation, and negotiation. The process resulted in the provision of employment for locals, scholarships for outstanding students in five affected villages, development of fishermen's cooperatives in Mentoso Village, food and social assistance for farmers, opportunities for locals to continue working on the acquired land before the construction, and several Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs around the premises. After the resolution, out of 1219 parcels, 1222 were acquired with a total land area of 814 hectares from 961 owners. This research only focuses on the agreements between the parties. Further studies are advised to observe PT Pertamina's and the community's consistency in adhering to the agreements.

Ovidio Herrera Rivera, Ledy Maryory Bedoya Cardona

Formar-se cómo terapeuta familiar induce a pensar en procesos de intervención con las familias, pero también consigo mismo. En este sentido, el objetivo del estudio se centró en identificar aprendizajes significativos desde el ser, hacer y saber de terapeutas en formación, durante el curso de entrenamiento, adscrito a la Especialización en Terapia Familiar de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó. En sintonía con estos intereses, la investigación fue de corte cualitativo, al habilitar contextos interpretativos de experiencias vinculadas al proceso formativo; al respecto, la organización, sistematización y análisis de información estuvo mediada por el método de análisis de contenido (AC); metodología que busca trascender lo subjetivo a procesos de objetivación, mediante el uso de técnicas e instrumentos, como la entrevista a profundidad. Acorde con los resultados, se encontró que los aprendizajes de los estudiantes están estrechamente vinculados con el ser, hacer y saber, como meta-aprendizajes para la vida. El estudio concluye que el proceso de formación de terapeutas familiares induce ineludiblemente a una perspectiva holística de la realidad personal, familiar y social, que conjuga aprendizajes significativos, vistos como puntos de partida para confrontar y evaluar procesos de transformación, mediatizados por la autoreflexividad y la confrontación personal y familiar, que van más allá de las teorías formativas.

Olha Vovchanska, Liliya Ivanova

Стаття присвячена аналізу особливостей реалізації інструментів маркетингу в умовах воєнного стану. Маркетингові прийоми під час війни чи військових конфліктів будуть корисні бізнесу у будь-якій галузі економіки. Сформульовано комплекс запитань, на які має знати відповіді компанія, здійснюючи свою маркетингову діяльність в умовах воєнного стану. Визначено основні напрями, в яких доцільно зосереджувати маркетингову діяльність підприємства в умовах воєнного стану. Охарактеризовано основні особливості інструментів маркетингу в умовах воєнного стану. Наведено різнопланові приклади маркетингової діяльності окремих брендів під час воєнного стану як у світі, так і в Україні. Зазначено, що воєнні реалії суттєво змінили купівельну поведінку і купівельні звички споживачів. Висновується, що брендам потрібно намагатися завжди бути в курсі поточної воєнної, економічної, політичної ситуації, щоб бути готовими у разі необхідності змінити бізнес-вектор з власними маркетинговими підходами до своїх цільових і потенційних споживачів.

Jamie M. Faro, Angelo D’Addario, Ann M. King et al.

Abstract Background Physician delivered weight management counseling (WMC) occurs infrequently and physicians report lack of training and poor self-efficacy. The purpose of this study was to develop and test the Video-based Communication Assessment (VCA) for weight management counseling (WMC) training in medical residents. Methods This study was a mixed methods pilot conducted in 3 phases. First, we created five vignettes based on our prior data and expert feedback, then administered the vignettes via the VCA to Internal Medicine categorical residents (n = 16) from a University Medical School. Analog patients rated responses and also provided comments. We created individualized feedback reports which residents were able to view on the VCA. Lastly, we conducted debriefing interviews with the residents (n = 11) to obtain their feedback on the vignettes and personalized feedback. Interviews were transcribed, and we used thematic analysis to generate and apply codes, followed by identifying themes. Results Descriptive statistics were calculated and learning points were created for the individualized feedback reports. In VCA debriefing interviews with residents, five themes emerged: 1) Overall the VCA was easy to use, helpful and more engaging than traditional learning and assessment modes, 2) Patient scenarios were similar to those encountered in the clinic, including diversity, health literacy and different stages of change, 3) The knowledge, skills, and reminders from the VCA can be transferred to practice, 4) Feedback reports were helpful, to the point and informative, including the exemplar response of how to best respond to the scenario, and 5) The VCA provide alternatives and practice scenarios to real-life patient situations when they aren’t always accessible. Conclusions We demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of the VCA, a technology delivered platform, for delivering WMC to residents. The VCA exposed residents to diverse patient experiences and provided potential opportunities to tailor providers responses to sociological and cultural factors in WMC scenarios. Future work will examine the effect of the VCA on WMC in actual clinical practice.

Mahesh Bashyal, Michael J. Mulvaney, Dewey Lee et al.

Abstract Brassica carinata (carinata), a non‐food oilseed feedstock mainly used for biofuel, is a relatively new alternative winter crop in the southeastern (SE) United States (US). However, there are limited N rate and N application timing data available at the regional scale. These data are needed to expand production in the SE US. An N rate study was conducted during the winter–spring growing seasons during 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 in Florida, US, and at three locations during 2018–2019 in Georgia, US, to quantify the effects of N rate (0, 45, 90, 134, and 179 kg N ha−1) on carinata nutrient uptake, biomass, seed yield, and seed chemical composition. Seed yield showed a linear response up to 134 kg N ha−1. Seed protein and glucosinolate concentrations decreased from 0 to 90 kg N ha−1, then increased from 90 to 179 kg N ha−1. Seed oil concentration was inversely related to seed protein concentration. A two‐factor N application timing study (4 N application timing: at‐plant, pre‐bolting, at‐plant + pre‐bolting, at‐plant + pre‐bolting + bolting × 4 N rates: 0, 45, 90, and 134 kg N ha−1) was conducted in Georgia, US, over three site‐years to quantify the effect of N application timing on yield and agronomic and economic optimum N rates (AONR and EONR, respectively). All split applications increased AONR by at least 10 kg N ha−1 compared to a single at‐plant application. A two‐split N application was more profitable than either a single N application or a three‐split N application based on marginal return. A two‐way split application (at‐plant + pre‐bolting) at 134 kg N ha−1 is recommended to optimize yield and economical production. Based on uncertainty analyses, the 50% credible interval of EONR occurred between 116 and 152 kg N ha−1, with a median estimate at 130 kg N ha−1.

Dongmi Kim, Ashley Taneja, John W Schiemann et al.

Introduction: The large numbers of torture survivors suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder and other psychological trauma in the United States suggests pharmacists should be aware of, and attentive to possible drug therapies for this population. Method: To this end, we systematically review the literature on pharmacotherapy for survivors of torture. Published literature that assessed use of pharmacotherapy in torture victims were searched from MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsychInfo and CINAHL. Search terms “torture,” “pharmacotherapy,” “depression OR PTSD,” “refugee OR asylum seekers” and “treatment or rehabilitation” were utilized. Results: Review of controlled and uncontrolled studies reveal that antidepressants are the most widely studied medications, particularly sertraline, a selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in the torture survivor population expanding to refugees and asylum seekers. Anti-adrenergic medications were used as adjunctive treatment in some uncontrolled studies. In randomized controlled trials, pharmacotherapy did not differentiate from placebo in reducing symptoms. Uncontrolled trials had yielded variable outcomes from pharmacotherapy. Discussion: There is lack of strong evidence in supporting the use of pharmacotherapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder. Heterogeneity in the study design, patient ethnicity and the social and political status at the time of the study may have contributed in the variable clinical responses to pharmacotherapy.

J. Habermas

Marianne Rugkåsa, Berit Bergheim

Barns rett til deltakelse og medvirkning står sterkt i den norske velferdsstaten. Det er tydelige føringer når det gjelder at barns stemme skal høres, når offentlige institusjoner tar avgjørelser som angår dem. I Nav har likevel barn sjelden vært gitt mulighet til å uttale seg om sin egen situasjon, erfaringer og behov; det er voksnes behov som i størst grad har vært prioritert. I artikkelen diskuterer vi med utgangspunkt i kvalitative data fra forskningsprosjektet Helhetlig oppfølging av lavinntektsfamilier i Nav hvordan informasjon om barns situasjon påvirker oppfølging av lavinntektsfamilier med kompleks problematikk. Vi argumenterer for at større oppmerksomhet mot barna kan bidra til et mer helhetlig perspektiv på familienes situasjon, og at barns deltakelse og samhandling med Nav-ansatte kan gi et bredere og mer nyansert bilde av barnas og familienes behov slik at de kan få bedre hjelp.

Yoshiko Abe, Irina Zodrow, Debbra A.K. Johnson et al.

Businesses are increasingly aware of their responsibility to work with, and within, their communities towards a resilient and sustainable future for all. This is thanks, in part, to the Sendai Framework, which first recognized the critical role played in disaster risk reduction by the private sector as employers, innovators, producers, asset-holders and investors. ARISE, the UNISDR Private Sector Alliance for Disaster Resilient Societies, was closely engaged in the development of the Sendai Framework and now works to demonstrate the impact of disaster risk-informed decision-making by businesses, as well as the potential of businesses as willing partners in advancing resilience.