Hasil untuk "Mental healing"

Anna Romanova, Sean McGinley

Introduction. The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has resulted in devastating damage to infrastructure, the economy, and human capital. Alongside these visible effects, the war has inflicted profound psychological trauma, including heightened anxiety, chronic stress, and post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which are expected to have long-term consequences for Ukraine’s recovery. In this context, tourism is examined as a tool for dual recovery – economic revitalisation and mental health restoration. Objective and Methods. The purpose of the paper is to investigate how the tourism sector can contribute to the recovery of Ukrainian communities during and after the war. The methodological foundation is based on Growth Pole Theory and the Tourism-Led Growth Hypothesis (TLGH). The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including analysis of global post-conflict tourism case studies, comparative tourism investment assessments, and content analysis of Ukrainian policies on community recovery. Results. The findings demonstrate that tourism development contributes to economic regeneration through infrastructure enhancement, job creation, and support for local entrepreneurship. Simultaneously, tourism plays a vital role in supporting the psychological well- being of war-affected populations by enhancing resilience and reducing PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and aggressive behaviour. Developed Complex Model of the Impact of Tourism on Community Recovery after Traumatic Events illustrates the integration of economic and mental health benefits leveraged by tourism and impacting human capital development. The paper presents a comprehensive conceptual model of tourism’s impact on community recovery. Conclusions. Tourism can serve as a strategic instrument for Ukraine’s integrated recovery. Tourism simultaneously fosters economic development and mental resilience and offers immediate and long-term benefits. The paper recommends targeted initiatives to develop therapeutic, nature-based, and memorial tourism programs as part of Ukraine’s reconstruction strategy.

Jung Min Kim, Seo Yeon Park, Moon-Gee Jeon et al.

We aimed to derive data that can serve as the basis for designing customized therapeutic farming programs (TFPs) for different life stages by collecting information regarding the mental health status and perceptions of therapeutic farming (TF). We created a survey encompassing individual mental health conditions, general perceptions and participation, demand, and policy requirements regarding TF. By targeting children, adolescents, adults, and older adults in the metropolitan area of South Korea, we collected 505 surveys online and face-to-face. Children and adolescents had worse mental health management than adults and older adults. More than half of the respondents reported experiencing stress and depressive symptoms. Regarding perceptions of TF, compared with other age groups, older adults were more likely to believe in the mental health benefits of plants. Additionally, those with relatively lower stress, depression, and anxiety levels agreed on these benefits. The primary purposes and expected activities regarding TFP participation differed by age group. However, pets and small farm animals were the most preferred animals for TF across all age groups. When promoting TF, children and adolescents prioritized improved introduction and promotion, whereas adults and older adults prioritized improved accessibility. These data can help develop customized TFPs for different life stages as well as the general public.

Yasir Hameed, Hannah Fox, Izobel Clegg et al.

Aims The poster will discuss our Quality Improvement project around improving access to mental health assessments for asylum seekers and refugees and why this model of care proved to be useful in reducing barriers to accessing specialist mental health services for these patients. The clinic was launched as part of the Advancing Mental Health Equality (AMHE) Collaborative, which is a 3-year programme run by the National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health at the Royal College of Psychiatrists, and Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust (NSFT) was one of the organisations that signed up to this initiative. Methods The clinic was named SHIFA, which stands for (Supporting Holistic and Integrated Forced Migrants Assessments). SHIFA means ‘Healing’ in Arabic, Turkish, Urdu, Kurdish and Pashtu (languages spoken by many patients accessing this clinic) and the name was selected in collaboration with staff and service users. What are the objectives of the SHIFA clinic? •To offer a trauma-informed approach to the assessment of forced migrants. This is an essential objective of the SHIFA clinic as the trauma-informed approaches are guided by trust, rapport and offering person-centred care. •Reduce barriers to mental health care for people seeking asylum, refugees and people forced to migrate. •Work collaboratively across the systems to bridge the gap among different services to improve the person-centred and continuity of care and avoid the re-traumatising effect of re-telling their stories. •Co-production and putting the voice of our service users and carers at the heart of everything we do. •Share learning and embed inclusive practice within the mental health services in NSFT and other organisations. Results We will provide data on patients seen in the clinic, the diagnosis and treatment. We will also give examples of the feedback we received from professionals and service users and why this model successfully provided collaborative and joint working opportunities with various services working with these patients. Conclusion The QI project represented in this clinic has provided a local solution to meeting the needs of forced migrants in our community, reducing mental health inequalities. It ran without funding initially and was successful in receiving funding due to the clear difference it made in providing good quality care for these patients. Similar projects can be easily implemented in various mental health trusts.

Jacob K Farnsworth, K. Drescher, Wyatt R. Evans et al.

Kenneth S Kendler, Astrid Klee

Background: In 1881, the Polish-German neuropsychiatrist Emanuel Mendel published one of the most influential monographs on mania in the last half of 19th century, always prominently cited by Kraepelin in his multiple textbook editions. The monograph has neither been translated into English nor extensively discussed in the modern Anglophonic literature. Results: Over 10 chapters and 196 pages, Mendel presents a detailed historical, clinical, and etiologic review of the manic syndrome that includes, for the first time, the syndrome of hypomania. He argued against the concepts of mania as a non-specific agitated psychotic state or a stage in a unitary model of psychosis. His vivid descriptions of the key signs and symptoms included all modern diagnostic criteria. Mania had, he asserted, the best prognosis of any major psychiatric disorder but observed, especially in periodic mania after multiple episodes, full restitutio ad integrum was not always achieved. On recovery, he noted that many manic patients described their experiences as states of intoxication or being “in a dream.” Conclusions: This essay accompanied, by an on-line complete English translation of Mendel's monograph, along with 12 of his 26 case histories, provides the opportunity for Anglophonic clinicians, students, and scholars to access this historically important essay on Mania. His clinical view of mania is very similar to our modern conceptions although he considers the psychomotor/cognitive and not the mood changes to be primary. Although Mendel noticed the close temporal connection between melancholic and manic syndromes, he nonetheless considered them to be distinct syndromes.

Sophie Lewis, Karen Willis, Marie Bismark et al.

Frontline healthcare workers have experienced detrimental mental health impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic including anxiety, emotional distress, stress, fatigue, and burnout. But little is known about how these healthcare professionals take care of their own mental health in the midst of considerable personal, occupational and social disruption. In this article, we use qualitative data from an Australian national survey to examine the self-care strategies frontline healthcare professionals employed to manage their mental health and wellbeing during the crisis. Findings reveal how healthcare workers sought to adjust to disruption by adopting new self-care practices and mindsets, while encountering numerous personal and professional struggles that undermined their capacity for self-care. Feeling socially connected and valued were critical dimensions of caring for self, illustrating the importance of locating self-care in the social domain. These findings, we argue, highlight the need to expand conceptions of self-care away from those that focus primarily on the individual towards approaches that situate self care as collective and relational.

Hao Wang, Jenny Paul, Ivana Ye et al.

Objectives: During the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, increased anxiety and depression were reported, with mixed findings among individuals of different races/ethnicities. This study examines whether anxiety and depression increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-COVD-19 period among different racial/ethnic groups in the US. Methods: The Health Information National Trend Surveys 5 (HINTS 5) Cycle 4 data was analyzed. We used the time when the survey was administered as the pre-COVID-19 period (before March 11, 2020, weighted N = 77,501,549) and during the COVID-19 period (on and after March 11, 2020, weighted N = 37,222,019). The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) was used to measure anxiety/depression and further compared before and during COVID-19. Separate multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association of the COVID-19 pandemic with anxiety/depression after adjusting for age, sex, insurance, income, and education. Result: A higher percentage of Non-Hispanic whites (NHW) with chronic conditions reported anxiety (24.3% vs. 11.5%, p = 0.0021) and depression (20.7% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.0034) during COVID-19 than pre-COVID-19. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of anxiety and depression for NHWs with chronic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic was 2.02 (95% confidence interval of 1.10–3.73, p = 0.025) and 2.33 (1.17–4.65, p = 0.018) compared to NHWs who participated in the survey before the COVID-19. Limitations: Limited to the NHW US population. PHQ can only be used as the initial screening tool. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increased prevalence of anxiety and depression among NHW adults with chronic conditions, but not among people of color.

Natália Patrícia Batista Torres, Juliana Alvares-Teodoro, Augusto Afonso Guerra Júnior et al.

Background: Antidepressants are widely prescribed, and it is important to describe their use characteristics. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of antidepressant use and identify associated factors in a cross-sectional study from a middle-income country.Methods: Participants (n=8,803) from the National Survey on Access, Use, and Promotion of the Rational Use of Medicines in Brazil, a cross-sectional study with a representative sample, were asked about the use of any medicines in the past 30 days. Through the answers, we classified the antidepressants users and non-users.The association between antidepressant use, demographic and clinical characteristics was evaluated.Results: The prevalence of antidepressant use was 6.8% (95% CI 6.2 - 7.3). Most users whom self-reported a previous diagnosis of depression (70.6%) did not report antidepressant use, suggesting underuse. Fluoxetine and amitriptyline ranked first in use. White females, from higher economic status, self-reporting a previous diagnosis of depression, in polypharmacy and in use of psychotropics, with alcohol abstinence, were more likely to use the medicines.Limitations: The use of drugs was measured by self-report, which might have underestimated results. Indication for antidepressant use in depression or other conditions was not investigated.Conclusions: The prevalence of antidepressant use observed in Brazil is lower than in the USA and some European countries. Although patients have a universal right to health in Brazil, improved primary care actions are required to ensure access to treatment of depressive disorders, especially for non-white individuals and those from lower social-economic status brackets.

Atika Rahayu Ghozali, Cholichul Hadi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara leader-member exchange dengan innovative work behavior pada karyawan industri pariwisata di Surabaya. Leader-member exchange merupakan sikap antara atasan bawahan dengan adanya rasa percaya, hubungan pertukaran sosial berupa ide dan kewajiban antara pimpinan dan karyawan. Innovative work behavior adalah menciptakan, mempromosikan serta menerapkan gagasan, produk dan prosedur baru dalam peran kerja untuk menguntungkan kinerja peran atau organisasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 116 karyawan industri pariwisata di Surabaya.  Alat ukur menggunakan LMX-MDM dan Innovative Work Behavior Scale.  Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik korelasi Spearman's rho dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Jamovi 1.6.2.1 for Windows. Hasil dari peneltian ini memperoleh korelasi sebesar 0,417 dengan nilai p=<0,001. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bersifat positif, yang mana artinya semakin tinggi leader member exchange maka semakin tinggi innovative work behavior pada karyawan industri pariwisata di Surabaya.

Parbati Shrestha, Sita Maya Thing Lama, Rambabu Nepal

Suicide is a major problem at the current time in Nepal. Although suicide needs a multisectoral and comprehensive response, it is challenging to work in a community where mental health and psychosocial support are not available or are limited. These challenges are related to the lack of mental health services in the community, lack of awareness and help-seeking behaviours, and interpretation of suicide as a consequence of social problems. Drawing on the local experience of working in the community to the national level, we recommend some best practices on behalf of Transcultural Psychosocial Organization Nepal to overcome these challenges and to improve the outcomes in our mental health and psychosocial support response to the suicide prevention programme.

Asseman Médard Koua, François Djo Bi Djo, Raymond N’Guessan Kouadio et al.

Abstract Background Mental illnesses and disabilities as well as epileptic diseases remain an important public health issue. In Côte d’Ivoire, the provision of psychiatric care and specialised psychosocial facilities is almost non-existent. This study is based on the hypothesis that the care of people suffering from mental illness and epilepsy in Côte d’Ivoire is mainly in the hands of non-conventional mental health care facilities, including so-called ‘Prayer Camps’. These work according to traditional and spiritual principles and are mostly not registered or controlled by the Ivorian authorities. Methods This study is the first stage of a multi-stage study. For the first stage, a quantitative method with an exploratory and descriptive aim was chosen. 541 non-conventional mental health care facilities in Côte d’Ivoire were mapped, typologised according to their spiritual orientation and treatment methods, and examined according to some charactersitics. Semi-structured interviews with 435 facility leaders were conducted. Results The article provides a typology of four types of non-conventional mental health care facilities in Côte d’Ivoire including Christian Prayer Camps, Traditional Healing Centres, Phytotherapy Centres, and Roqya Centres. It explores their administrative embedding, the qualification of the facility leaders as well as their willingness, in principle, to cooperate with conventional mental health care centres. A considerable number of non-conventional expressed a desire or acceptance of cooperation with psychiatric organisations. Conclusions The next stage of this multi-stage study will be to assess the clinical and legal situation of the patients in these centres. The aim is to interview the patients in order to analyse their perceptions and to capture the concerns of relatives and staff in the centres as well as the human rights situation in a mixed-method study. The long-term objective is to establish future cooperation between conventional psychiatric care providers and suitable non-conventional mental health care facilities and to implement a community mental health care policy in Côte d’Ivoire.

Emily E Haroz, Amanda J Nguyen, Catherine I Lee et al.

While there is growing evidence for the effectiveness of mental health interventions in low- and middle-income countries and humanitarian contexts, this is lacking for psychosocial programming. We aimed to summarise the evidence for psychosocial programming in these contexts through a systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42017069066) of peer-reviewed and grey literature of programme evaluations. A total of n = 42,435 unique records were initially identified, with n = 211 records meeting full inclusion criteria. We identified 51 randomised controlled trials of 47 different interventions. The remaining studies used different evaluation methodology. Only three interventions had more than one experimental/quasi-experimental evaluation: Brief Intervention and Contact, Problem Management Plus and Child Friendly Spaces. While there are many studies of interventions, it was challenging to identify the same intervention across studies, leaving almost no interventions with more than one rigorous study supporting their use and many interventions that are poorly described. This makes it difficult to choose between them or even to implement them. Future research should focus on replication of well-described interventions in multiple different sites, to place future intervention selection on a more scientific basis. There is also a need to better understand the impact of psychosocial programmes in sectors other than health and protection, such as nutrition. These sectors may provide critical delivery mechanisms for psychosocial programming to broaden the reach of such interventions. Key implications for practice Efforts to build the evidence base for psychosocial programming in humanitarian settings are challenged by the breadth of programming delivered, populations served and outcomes targeted in this field, resulting in predominantly one-off studies of a wide range of interventions. To inform future intervention selection, research initiatives should focus on replication of well-described interventions in multiple contexts or stages of humanitarian response. Rigorous evaluation of community-focused psychosocial programmes is also needed.

C. Schwartz, J. Meisenhelder, Yunsheng Ma et al.

V. Campbell-Hall, I. Petersen, A. Bhana et al.

B. Friberg, L. Sennerby, B. Lindén et al.

U. Read, E. Adiibokah, Solomon Nyame

BackgroundThe Global Movement for Mental Health has brought renewed attention to the neglect of people with mental illness within health policy worldwide. The maltreatment of the mentally ill in many low-income countries is widely reported within psychiatric hospitals, informal healing centres, and family homes. International agencies have called for the development of legislation and policy to address these abuses. However such initiatives exemplify a top-down approach to promoting human rights which historically has had limited impact at the level of those living with mental illness and their families.MethodsThis research forms part of a longitudinal anthropological study of people with severe mental illness in rural Ghana. Visits were made to over 40 households with a family member with mental illness, as well as churches, shrines, hospitals and clinics. Ethnographic methods included observation, conversation, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with people with mental illness, carers, healers, health workers and community members.ResultsChaining and beating of the mentally ill was found to be commonplace in homes and treatment centres in the communities studied, as well as with-holding of food ('fasting'). However responses to mental illness were embedded within spiritual and moral perspectives and such treatment provoked little sanction at the local level. Families struggled to provide care for severely mentally ill relatives with very little support from formal health services. Psychiatric services were difficult to access, particularly in rural communities, and also seen to have limitations in their effectiveness. Traditional and faith healers remained highly popular despite the routine maltreatment of the mentally ill in their facilities.ConclusionEfforts to promote the human rights of those with mental illness must engage with the experiences of mental illness within communities affected in order to grasp how these may underpin the use of practices such as mechanical restraint. Interventions which operate at the local level with those living with mental illness within rural communities, as well as family members and healers, may have greater potential to effect change in the treatment of the mentally ill than legislation or investment in services alone.

H. Spandler, T. Stickley

W. Gesler

A. Simpson, Stephanie R. Penney