Hasil untuk "Details in building design and construction. Including walls, roofs"

Fatemeh Rezaei, Hamed Sangin, Seyed Morteza Hosseini et al.

Global climate action necessitates the optimization of building envelopes during early design to enhance energy efficiency and occupant comfort. Exterior light shelves are a critical passive strategy for improving thermal and visual comfort while simultaneously reducing energy consumption. This study addresses a research gap by integrating sensitivity analysis (SA) and multi-objective optimization (MOO) for light shelf systems in office buildings within Iran's semi-arid continental climate. We systematically investigate the impact of light shelf and window parameters on three key performance metrics: Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) for thermal comfort, Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) for visual comfort, and Energy Use Intensity (EUI) for overall energy performance. Utilizing a robust methodology that employs a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), the research identifies optimal design solutions by navigating the trade-offs on the Pareto frontier. The key design variables include shading control strategy (SCS), light shelf angle (LSA), length (LSL), height (LSH), viewpoint (VP), visible transmittance (VT), and window-to-wall ratio (WWR). Our findings reveal significant performance improvements: PMV improves by 22%, DGP by 69%, and EUI by 12.6% compared to the baseline model. SA identifies WWR, SCS, and LSA as the most influential parameters, with WWR having a particularly significant effect on glare and energy consumption. The energy simulation is validated against the ASHRAE 140-2020 standard, ensuring the reliability of our results. This research provides a comprehensive framework for designing high-performance façades that prioritize occupant well-being and environmental sustainability.

Meryem Terhan, Gamze Ilgar

Daniele Casagrande, Alessandro Setti, Andrea Polastri

Zeev Weissman, Matan Guttman, Dean Pluber

The paper describes an array of optical cones as a potential configuration for tracker-less daylighting, without using an electro-mechanical tracker. Subsequently, a single optical cone is analyzed, mainly in terms of sunlight collection efficiency and acceptance angle, as a function of the cone's geometrical dimensions. The cones were fabricated and illuminated, with the results compared with those of the theoretical analysis. We then consider the feasibility of a cone array as a sunlight collector, for low light intensity daylighting applications, particularly in the context of indoor plant growing.

Daoru Wang, Wayne Place, Jianxin Hu et al.

Daylighting plays a crucial role in building science, impacting both occupants’ well-being and energy consumption in buildings. Balancing the size of openings with energy efficiency has long been a challenge. To address this, various daylight metrics have been developed to assess interior spaces’ daylight quality. Additionally, architects have been using simulation algorithms to predict postconstruction light conditions. In recent years, machine learning (ML) has revolutionized daylight simulations, offering a way to predict daylight conditions without cumbersome 3D modeling or heavy computational resources. However, accommodating architects’ creativity remains a challenge for current machine learning-based models. Specifically, the diversity of window shapes and their locations on facades poses difficulties for prediction accuracy. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes a novel method that transforms wall information into matrices and uses them as input to train an artificial neural network-based model; this model can well predict the annual daylight simulation result generated by the Climate-Based Daylight Modeling tools. This method allows the model to adapt to various real-world design scenarios in real time, and its robust reliability has been demonstrated through evaluations of prediction accuracy concerning different annual daylight metrics. This approach caters to specific cases and opens possibilities for application in other machine learning and deep learning-based methods.

Chelvin Prayuda Tarigan, Novalinda, Rahmadhani Fitri et al.

The surface around Belawan is nearly below the water level. So that at high tide Belawan automatically inundated. This is a phenomenon that has become a tradition at high tide. Tidal flood is a flood whose water comes from sea water. This tidal flood is a flood caused by the tide of sea water, until the tidal water inundates the land. This tidal flood is also known as inundation flood. This tidal flood will often hit or often occur in areas whose surface is lower than sea level. Because it is caused by the overflow of sea water that reaches the mainland, the water that is inundated due to this tidal flood has a color that tends to be clearer than the water in the usual floods. Tidal flood itself has several special characteristics or special characteristics it has. Some of the characteristics or characteristics of tidal flooding, among others, occur when the sea water is high, the color of the water is not too cloudy, it does not only occur when the rainy season arrives, usually occurs in areas that have a lower plains area than the ocean area. Impacts that arise due to tidal flooding, therefore many or small tidal floods must have a negative impact on the people who experience it, causing material losses, damaging buildings, causing the environment to become dirty and muddy, spreading germs. The floating house is a solution in tackling flooding due to high tide. By using a layout pattern with architectural design principles by considering drainage, comfort, and a clean and well-organized environment.

Kiki Hariwahyuna, Rahmadhani Fitri, Novalinda et al.

The potential of natural resources owned by the Wong Polo beach tourism area in the Pantai Cermin sub-district needs to be explored and developed into a tourism sector without good planning, which will result in loss and quality degradation of the area that is not expected. Based on the results of the study, it is shown that the identification of the physical aspects of the beach condition supports the development of beach tourism, which is one of the beach tourism destinations located in Hamlet XI, Kota Pari Village, Pantai Cermin District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra. This Wong Polo beach area has white sand beaches and Mangrove forest areas based on nature tourism and the pattern of structuring the zones in the Wong Polo beach area leads and is oriented towards the waters as well as to facilitate these tourist attractions into areas of a beach of interest visitors.

Yasmine Mahmoud Saad Abdelhamid, Sherine M. Wahba, Menna ElHusseiny

Parametric design influences on building envelope design are exponentially increasing in the current era due to the dominance of computational design on architectural outcomes. The composition of the building envelope’s patterns, shape, size, and distribution of the perforations can affect the efficiency of daylighting within the space; daylight quality, visual comfort, and daylight performance. Through the manipulation of the daylighting patterns, a balance between illuminance and glare control is created. This research study aims to analyze and evaluate the effect of different parametric patterns integration on daylighting in “Architecture Studio-based” tutoring through the distribution of perforation on façade openings, percentage of perforation, and perforation size in a hot-dry climate. The analysis is conducted through building performance simulation software (Climate Studio). The research concludes that the “Triangles Parametric Pattern” among all the tested patterns, achieves the highest performance in compliance with the recommended thresholds of daylight quality, visual comfort, and daylight performance metrics within the studio space compared to other parametric patterns and the base case model. The implications of such an experiment inform designers to categorize daylight performance while selecting patterns in window design as part of façade design.

Ghadie Tlaiji, Fabienne Pennec, Salah Ouldboukhitine et al.

Laura Bellia, Francesca Diglio, Francesca Fragliasso

The spread of information technology and the improvement of telecommunicating systems have changed the way to conceive work. People performing typical office activities provided with a laptop and an internet connection can work in whatever place: a coffee house, a waiting room of a train station, an airport, or their own home. The habit to work at home has amazingly spread due to the Covid-19 pandemic, arising crucial questions. Are home work-stations comfortable enough to work? Are lighting conditions of residential spaces proper to perform typical office activities? This paper presents a survey investigating the typical characteristics of the luminous environment in home working spaces (considering both daylight and electric light) and people’s average awareness about light and lighting-connected themes. The research has been carried out through an online questionnaire addressed to home workers and students forced to stay home because of the Covid-19 spread. The results demonstrated that many interviewees have difficulties in managing light and are not completely aware of the right actions to take to improve lighting quality of home workplaces. Moreover, a complete lack of knowledge about electric light has emerged. So, popularizing more knowledge about light and lighting-connected themes is prominent. Indeed, now and even more in the future, people will work in places other than the traditional workplaces, for which standards regulating lighting characteristics do not exist. In this context, the definition of ad hoc guidelines and the spread of best practices should be a crucial goal for researchers and experts in lighting.

Salman Oukati Sadegh, Shawul Gulilat Haile, Ziyaolrahman Jamshidzehi

Climate change, increase in CO2 production and energy consumption are major global issues and the building, environmental and construction sector is contributing to the increasing concern day by day. Due to increasing demands to satisfy environmental, social, and economic requirements, designing efficient and sustainable buildings has become increasingly complex. Today, the tendency towards sustainability has created new design approaches regarding adaptable kinetic building envelopes, amongst all, biomimetic design principles have gained interest. As opposed to traditional methods, the implemented biomimetic design approach in this research can assist in finding solutions for complex real-life problems regarding the adaptability of kinetic facades to achieve robustness, tractability, low solution cost and better rapport with reality. Design frameworks introduced to this day either do not incorporate bio-inspired concepts or are not able to map potential trade-offs in the performance of multi-functional biomimetic adaptable skins, effectively. Therefore, a flexible and expandable framework is necessary to go beyond project-based frameworks applied to case specific conditions. To design for performance, this research proposes a framework and aims to integrate different biomimetic approaches to assist designers and researchers in two steps to design and evaluate kinetic facades in different phases of development.

Muhammad Mahdi Hadiwijaya, Yohannes Firzal, Pedia Aldy

Banyaknya kasus kekerasan terhadap kucing yang dilakukan sebagian orang menunjukkan bahwa kesenjangan terhadap kucing masih banyak terjadi, dikarenakan minimnya perhatian masyarakat akan kesejahteraan kucing. Kesenjangan yang terjadi pada kucing dialami oleh kucing jalanan dan juga kucing peliharaan, sehingga melatarbelakangi munculnya Pecinta Kucing sebagai kelompok masyarakat yang peduli akan kesejahteraan kucing. Suatu wadah diperlukan bagi Pecinta Kucing di Pekanbaru agar dapat menaungi segala kegiatan mereka untuk memberikan kesejahteraan bagi kucing melalui kegiatan perawatan, edukasi, dan rekreasi. Pusat Pecinta Kucing hadir sebagai wadah dalam menjalankan aktivitas bagi Pecinta Kucing di Pekanbaru. Pusat Pecinta Kucing kelak akan menjadi tempat yang tidak hanya dapat dinikmati oleh Pecinta Kucing dan masyarakat Pekanbaru yang tertarik pada kucing, namun juga bagi kucing melalui fasilitas yang disediakan dan kegiatan yang diadakan. Perancangan Pusat Pecinta Kucing menggunakan pendekatan Arsitektur Ekspresionis, agar dapat mengkomunikasikan ekspresi rasa peduli pecinta kucing terhadap kesejahteraan kucing kepada masyarakat umum sebagai wujud pentingnya hak untuk sejahtera bagi kucing.Kata Kunci: Arsitektur Ekspresionis, Pusat Pecinta KucingÂ

Ali Ahmed Salem Bahdad, Sharifah Fairuz Syed Fadzil

Optimization becomes more valuable when the optimal variables decision can consider sensitivity analysis. To get optimum results quickly, this study established a synthetic sensitivity analysis and multi-objective optimization approach, which is combined with an energy simulation framework characterized by parallel processing. To discover the final optimal solutions, the optimization procedures were carried out under two scenarios. To investigate the impact of each design variable on the optimization goals in order to select the variables with the greatest impact for inclusion in the final optimization, a sensitivity analysis was carried out. In the first scenario, the link between design variables and objective functions is thoroughly examined, and the ultimate impacts of optimum design variables are examined. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of thermal envelopes on energy performance for subterranean enclosed spaces in Malaysia's tropics, to determine the best design parameter values for enclosed underground spaces and to introduce suitable variables for thermal comfort and energy performance. The optimization results confirm that while considering two objective functions of thermal and energy performance by using different optimization parameters design that as one of the objectives decreases, the other objective increases. The final optimal solutions showed that, it is possible to decrease the cooling energy for underground spaces, by up to 58.33% of total hours of the year, respectively, while maintaining occupants’ thermal comfort in the acceptable range, by up to 26.84%.

Sumei Zhang, Zhenfeng Huang, Lanhui Guo

Luis E. Juanicó

Arie Nurzaman

Pola aktivitas dan penggunaan ruang dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, termasuk ekonomi, sosial, budaya, atau sejarah. Daerah pedesaan yang umumnya didominasi oleh daerah tertinggal menjadi korban eksploitasi manusia dalam hal pemanfaatan ruang, termasuk wilayah pesisir. Oleh karena itu, pemanfaatan dan pengembangan wilayah pesisir dan masyarakat yang tinggal di kawasan tersebut membutuhkan pendekatan yang tepat. Dikotomi ruang perlu dipahami sebagai aspek pengembangan wilayah pesisir itu sendiri. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menilai pola pemanfaatan ruang, dikotomi antara aspek tradisional dan modern dalam pemanfaatan ruang, serta kemungkinan strategi dan kebijakan pengembangan pemerintah wilayah pesisir di Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Metode ini merupakan kombinasi dari metode kuantitatif yang dilaksanakan dengan meninjau peta dan analisis data sekunder untuk melihat tren perkembangan dalam periode tertentu, sedangkan metode kualitatif dilakukan untuk memperkuat hipotesis dan untuk memahami analisis lebih lanjut dari pendekatan kuantitatif. Dikotomi ruang dijabarkan dalam konteks spasial dan pemanfaatan. Konteks spasial dibagi menjadi wilayah inti (ibukota kecamatan) dan pinggiran (wilayah pesisir), sedangkan dalam konteks pemanfaatan ruang, dibedakan menjadi penggunaan tradisional dan modern. Analisis dikotomi melalui penggambaran kuadran memberikan gambaran tentang potensi pembangunan daerah, ruang lingkup pembangunan tidak hanya sebagian tetapi juga secara spasial. Pengembangan Jaringan Jalan Nasional Jawa Selatan (JJLS) dan pengembangan sektor pariwisata adalah dua faktor utama dalam pembangunan daerah, sehingga kebijakan publik sebagai implementasi dari intervensi pemerintah setidaknya harus mempertimbangkan sektor spesifik yang akan ditangani, prioritas pembangunan seperti skala dan pendekatan, dan tingkat perkembangan. Kata kunci: dikotomi; tradisional; modern; Gunungkidul; wilayah pesisir

Vitalii Burmaka, Mykola Tarasenko, Kateryna Kozak et al.

The aim of the research is to determine the economic and energy efficiency usage of the artificial lighting control systems, with the help of astronomical relays and motion sensors, by various types of light sources for the stairwells (stair landings and staircases) of multistory residential buildings. The analysis of the residents’ monthly movement intensity of the 9-story residential buildings through the buildings entrance, doorways, and apartment doors was carried out. The economic and energy efficiency of use the artificial lighting control systems with an astronomical relays and motion sensors with different types of light sources was determined. Regardless of the light sources` type, the astronomical relay’s use leads to reduction in the electricity consumption of artificial lighting in 43.31% – 50.52%. Moreover, the motion sensors’ use on stairwells leads to a significant reduction in electrical energy consumption: in a case of halogen lamps – by 97.73%, compact fluorescent lamps – by 95.27%, light-emitting diodes lamps – by 93.98%. For the first time, the data of 9-story residential buildings inhabitants’ traffic intensity through the first-floor doorway for the Ternopil city, Ukraine has been carried out. It has been proved the economic feasibility and energy efficiency of using combined lighting with an artificial lighting control system for stairwells of multistory residential buildings.

Ali Goharian, Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad

Daylightophil architecture concept is one of the most significant ways to reduce the electrical load consumption in building sector. In deep-plan buildings, or windowless buildings, advanced light transmission systems are used to compensate lighting demands in high-performance architecture theory. The manuscript is to challenge recent innovations in the light transmission systems, the choice of their type should be commensurate with the architectural design, space performance, and design requirements. Light pipes collect sunlight from the outdoor and transmit in the indoor for illumination. This paper presents analysis of daylight simulation of a novel vertical light pipe, which is embedded in an office building to transmit the light in three room, simultaneously. The light pipe (M-type) has two side apertures and one base aperture (multi-apertures) with different diameters (multi-aspect ratio). To analyze this novel vertical light pipe, a comparison was made with a conventional light pipe (S-type) with side-apertures. First, ray-tracing simulations were performed to investigate the penetration of light beams between the two light pipes. In comparison of level of illuminance between two types of light pipes, the efficiencies were evaluated. Daylight simulations were performed continuously throughout the year during daylight hours; in fact, fixed simulation makes it possible to analyze the effect of the sun altitude angle and the azimuth on the level of illuminance and output light beams direction to the spaces. Also, to investigate the effect of altitude and azimuth angles on the efficiency of the pipe (M-type) and the direction of light output from the side apertures, altitude and azimuths were selected to simulate the design for providing symmetric sunlight on both sides of the building.

Rizki A. Mangkuto, Atthaillah

Direct horizontal illuminance along a calculation row due to two parallel arrays of large numbers of identical light sources behaves like a periodic signal with a sinusoidal pattern, which contains useful information for design purpose. This study aims to describe, verify, and discuss the theoretical concept on the superposition of direct horizontal illuminance from both arrays in such configurations, and how to extract the information using the phasor method. Four different approaches are proposed to estimate the total direct horizontal illuminance ET(x) and to verify the concept. Sensitivity analysis is also conducted to observe the influence of each input variable to the resulting ET(x) pattern. The differences between obtained values using the four approaches are found very small, so that the proposed concept is verified. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the luminous intensity distribution of the sources significantly affects the illuminance fluctuation; whereas the impact of lateral position of the calculation row and the spatial phase difference are inconsistent. Overall, the advantage of using phasor method has been demonstrated for this purpose, which is expected to help in understanding the superposition phenomenon of sinusoidal pattern of illuminance, and in achieving the desired spatial contrast.

Raffaele Ardito, Alberto Taliercio