Hasil untuk "Architectural engineering. Structural engineering of buildings"

Massimiliano Di Penta, Kelly Blincoe, Marsha Chechik et al.

As software engineering conferences grow in size, rising costs and outdated formats are creating barriers to participation for many researchers. These barriers threaten the inclusivity and global diversity that have contributed to the success of the SE community. Based on survey data, we identify concrete actions the ACM Special Interest Group on Software Engineering (SIGSOFT) can take to address these challenges, including improving transparency around conference funding, experimenting with hybrid poster presentations, and expanding outreach to underrepresented regions. By implementing these changes, SIGSOFT can help ensure the software engineering community remains accessible and welcoming.

Ana B. M. Bett, Thais S. Nepomuceno, Edson OliveiraJr et al.

Context: The empirical software engineering (ESE) community has contributed to improving experimentation over the years. However, there is still a lack of rigor in describing controlled experiments, hindering reproducibility and transparency. Registered Reports (RR) have been discussed in the ESE community to address these issues. A RR registers a study's hypotheses, methods, and/or analyses before execution, involving peer review and potential acceptance before data collection. This helps mitigate problematic practices such as p-hacking, publication bias, and inappropriate post hoc analysis. Objective: This paper presents initial results toward establishing an RR template for Software Engineering controlled experiments using the Open Science Framework (OSF). Method: We analyzed templates of selected OSF RR types in light of documentation guidelines for controlled experiments. Results: The observed lack of rigor motivated our investigation of OSF-based RR types. Our analysis showed that, although one of the RR types aligned with many of the documentation suggestions contained in the guidelines, none of them covered the guidelines comprehensively. The study also highlights limitations in OSF RR template customization. Conclusion: Despite progress in ESE, planning and documenting experiments still lack rigor, compromising reproducibility. Adopting OSF-based RRs is proposed. However, no currently available RR type fully satisfies the guidelines. Establishing RR-specific guidelines for SE is deemed essential.

C. Menna, Jaime Mata‐Falcón, F. Bos et al.

Abstract Digital fabrication technologies utilizing concrete (DFC) have recently enabled form freedom for the production of a variety of concrete-made objects having mainly architectural and aesthetic functions. Structural elements or civil/building structures made by DFC demonstrate a high engineering potential, mainly for tailoring the final shape while optimising the structural/functional performance, material use, overall costs, and architectural effectiveness. However, the design of structurally efficient DFC constructions or components is often faced with a lack of a common structural engineering approach that can adapt to specific DFC particularities. In this paper, we provide a systematic overview of a number of DFC structural projects developed thus far. A comprehensive discussion about structural engineering details is provided, addressing the related fundamental structural issues and envisioning opportunities and challenges toward achieving the full potential of DFC.

Wenli Yu, Jingxin Rao, Gongli Zong et al.

Polyketide synthases (PKSs) are among the most complex enzymatic systems in nature, responsible for synthesizing a broad array of polyketides including antibiotics, antifungal agents, and immunosuppressants. Cis-Acyltransferase (AT) PKSs, distinguished by their multiple modules, diverse catalytic domains, and engineering flexibility, hold significant promise for synthetic biology and natural product discovery. However, even minor alterations to individual domains can propagate structural and functional changes throughout the assembly line, posing a major challenge to the rational design of cis-AT PKSs for diverse polyketides production. This review explores the multidimensionality of cis-AT PKS design, with a focus on the selecting modular building blocks and designing catalytic domains based on the structural and mechanistic insights. Modifications to acyltransferases, ketosynthases, and ketoreductase-dehydratase-enoylreductases can fine-tune substrate specificity and stereochemical complexity, while engineering of the thioesterase domain enables controlled hydrolysis or cyclization for precise polyketide tailoring. Key future directions in cis-AT engineering are also highlighted. Collectively, these insights support the adaptation of cis-AT PKS systems to enhance product yields and expand the repertoire of accessible polyketides. This review provides a systematic overview of cis-AT PKS architecture and engineering strategies, offering a valuable resource for researchers in the field.

Rahmania Suryaning Widyas, Shofiyyaturrodhiyah M. D.

This study discusses the conservation of the Taman Sari complex in Yogyakarta as an architectural heritage that combines elements of Javanese culture, European influences, and functional principles as a water palace, garden, and defensive fortress, amid challenges of structural degradation, changes in function, and the pressures of urbanization. The research method uses a qualitative-descriptive approach with case studies, examining historical documentation, scientific publications, and digital modeling through Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) and close-range photogrammetry to assess existing conditions, identify critical areas, and formulate engineering-based conservation strategies. The results show that the integration of water elements, building structures, cross-cultural ornaments, and hydraulic systems requires holistic conservation intervention, combining traditional and modern techniques as well as digital documentation to preserve function, aesthetics, and historical value. The conclusion affirms that an engineering conservation approach allows Taman Sari to be fully restored, while supporting educational, cultural, and sustainable tourism experiences.

Yenal Takva, Sare Sahil, M. Tuna

Advances in material science, the availability of high-strength materials, improved analytical tools, and a better understanding of structural design and behavior in high-rise buildings have produced lightweight and slender generations of high-rise buildings. The effect of wind loads on high-rise buildings' design and implementation processes is an essential issue for which architecture and engineering disciplines produce solutions together. This article examines the aerodynamic design strategies of high-rise buildings in the context of the structural system, form, wind interaction. In this study, the case study method was used to collect and analyze information about high-rise buildings, and a table was created with the criterion sampling method to understand the critical factors affecting the building performance for the field study, and the obtained data was analyzed. As a result of the examination, it was determined that it is essential to consider and evaluate the aerodynamic properties of high-rise buildings as a whole during and after the design phase within the scope of the structural system, as well as the form and wind precautions to be taken.

ATANDA HABEEB BOLAJI, JOHN OLUSEGUN OKUNADE, KITGAK SIMON et al.

The international risk that stands out since the depletion of land and loss of carbon posed as the most challenging issue of all, is food safety, climate health, and the safety of metropolitan regions. We have developed a civil infrastructure, architecture, and AI drone-combined approach to restore degraded land efficiently and effectively. Using smart drones, we enhance biochar usage, smart irrigation, and soil building, leading to soil health improvement, hydric soil formation, and increased carbon collection in the soil. Besides ecological restoration, this study further addresses architectural sustainability by designing green infrastructure on vertically combined structures incorporated in the city and transforming city and agricultural lands to climb. In landscape and environmental science, self-sustaining ecosystems that modify climates are called climate-adaptive ecosystems. We use LiDAR, spectra imaging, and AI inspection to have real-time data on the restoration success which guarantees accuracy and the possibility for automation. With these measures, we achieve remarkable outcomes that stand at 20% drop in soil erosion, 120% rise in carbon collection, and a high percentage of 98% improvement in the preservation of moisture in the soil. It is a sustainable farming strategy model powered by AIenhancing engineering and construction architectural degradation that is easier, faster, and more effective than current standards. In the end, these measures unite technology with nature to create a world where rural regions and infrastructural zones operate in sync and can be replicated easily without extra expenditure. Ideally, it is a sustainable strategy for managing land resources. Forthcoming research will focus on AI-based optimization for land rehabilitation, communal implementation methods, and policies capable of fostering mass adoption.

Martin Obaidi, Marc Herrmann, Jil Klünder et al.

Software development relies heavily on text-based communication, making sentiment analysis a valuable tool for understanding team dynamics and supporting trustworthy AI-driven analytics in requirements engineering. However, existing sentiment analysis tools often perform inconsistently across datasets from different platforms, due to variations in communication style and content. In this study, we analyze linguistic and statistical features of 10 developer communication datasets from five platforms and evaluate the performance of 14 sentiment analysis tools. Based on these results, we propose a mapping approach and questionnaire that recommends suitable sentiment analysis tools for new datasets, using their characteristic features as input. Our results show that dataset characteristics can be leveraged to improve tool selection, as platforms differ substantially in both linguistic and statistical properties. While transformer-based models such as SetFit and RoBERTa consistently achieve strong results, tool effectiveness remains context-dependent. Our approach supports researchers and practitioners in selecting trustworthy tools for sentiment analysis in software engineering, while highlighting the need for ongoing evaluation as communication contexts evolve.

Anatoly A. Krasnovsky

Chaos engineering reveals resilience risks but is expensive and operationally risky to run broadly and often. Model-based analyses can estimate dependability, yet in practice they are tricky to build and keep current because models are typically handcrafted. We claim that a simple connectivity-only topological model - just the service-dependency graph plus replica counts - can provide fast, low-risk availability estimates under fail-stop faults. To make this claim practical without hand-built models, we introduce model discovery: an automated step that can run in CI/CD or as an observability-platform capability, synthesizing an explicit, analyzable model from artifacts teams already have (e.g., distributed traces, service-mesh telemetry, configs/manifests) - providing an accessible gateway for teams to begin resilience testing. As a proof by instance on the DeathStarBench Social Network, we extract the dependency graph from Jaeger and estimate availability across two deployment modes and five failure rates. The discovered model closely tracks live fault-injection results; with replication, median error at mid-range failure rates is near zero, while no-replication shows signed biases consistent with excluded mechanisms. These results create two opportunities: first, to triage and reduce the scope of expensive chaos experiments in advance, and second, to generate real-time signals on the system's resilience posture as its topology evolves, preserving live validation for the most critical or ambiguous scenarios.

Jonathan Ullrich, Matthias Koch, Andreas Vogelsang

With the advent of generative LLMs and their advanced code generation capabilities, some people already envision the end of traditional software engineering, as LLMs may be able to produce high-quality code based solely on the requirements a domain expert feeds into the system. The feasibility of this vision can be assessed by understanding how developers currently incorporate requirements when using LLMs for code generation-a topic that remains largely unexplored. We interviewed 18 practitioners from 14 companies to understand how they (re)use information from requirements and other design artifacts to feed LLMs when generating code. Based on our findings, we propose a theory that explains the processes developers employ and the artifacts they rely on. Our theory suggests that requirements, as typically documented, are too abstract for direct input into LLMs. Instead, they must first be manually decomposed into programming tasks, which are then enriched with design decisions and architectural constraints before being used in prompts. Our study highlights that fundamental RE work is still necessary when LLMs are used to generate code. Our theory is important for contextualizing scientific approaches to automating requirements-centric SE tasks.

Christoph Treude, Marco A. Gerosa

Artificial intelligence (AI), including large language models and generative AI, is emerging as a significant force in software development, offering developers powerful tools that span the entire development lifecycle. Although software engineering research has extensively studied AI tools in software development, the specific types of interactions between developers and these AI-powered tools have only recently begun to receive attention. Understanding and improving these interactions has the potential to enhance productivity, trust, and efficiency in AI-driven workflows. In this paper, we propose a taxonomy of interaction types between developers and AI tools, identifying eleven distinct interaction types, such as auto-complete code suggestions, command-driven actions, and conversational assistance. Building on this taxonomy, we outline a research agenda focused on optimizing AI interactions, improving developer control, and addressing trust and usability challenges in AI-assisted development. By establishing a structured foundation for studying developer-AI interactions, this paper aims to stimulate research on creating more effective, adaptive AI tools for software development.

Paloma Guenes, Rafael Tomaz, Bianca Trinkenreich et al.

Research shows that more than half of software professionals experience the Impostor Phenomenon (IP), with a notably higher prevalence among women compared to men. IP can lead to mental health consequences, such as depression and burnout, which can significantly impact personal well-being and software professionals' productivity. This study investigates how IP manifests among software professionals across intersections of gender with race/ethnicity, marital status, number of children, age, and professional experience. Additionally, it examines the well-being of software professionals experiencing IP, providing insights into the interplay between these factors. We analyzed data collected through a theory-driven survey (n = 624) that used validated psychometric instruments to measure IP and well-being in software engineering professionals. We explored the prevalence of IP in the intersections of interest. Additionally, we applied bootstrapping to characterize well-being within our field and statistically tested whether professionals of different genders suffering from IP have lower well-being. The results show that IP occurs more frequently in women and that the prevalence is particularly high among black women as well as among single and childless women. Furthermore, regardless of gender, software engineering professionals suffering from IP have significantly lower well-being. Our findings indicate that effective IP mitigation strategies are needed to improve the well-being of software professionals. Mitigating IP would have particularly positive effects on the well-being of women, who are more frequently affected by IP.

Sebastian Baltes, Florian Angermeir, Chetan Arora et al.

Large Language Models (LLMs) are now ubiquitous in software engineering (SE) research and practice, yet their non-determinism, opaque training data, and rapidly evolving models threaten the reproducibility and replicability of empirical studies. We address this challenge through a collaborative effort of 22 researchers, presenting a taxonomy of seven study types that organizes the landscape of LLM involvement in SE research, together with eight guidelines for designing and reporting such studies. Each guideline distinguishes requirements (must) from recommended practices (should) and is contextualized by the study types it applies to. Our guidelines recommend that researchers: (1) declare LLM usage and role; (2) report model versions, configurations, and customizations; (3) document the tool architecture beyond the model; (4) disclose prompts, their development, and interaction logs; (5) validate LLM outputs with humans; (6) include an open LLM as a baseline; (7) use suitable baselines, benchmarks, and metrics; and (8) articulate limitations and mitigations. We complement the guidelines with an applicability matrix mapping guidelines to study types and a reporting checklist for authors and reviewers. We maintain the study types and guidelines online as a living resource for the community to use and shape (llm-guidelines$.$org).

Pooyan Kazemi, Alireza Entezami, Aldo Ghisi

A. Vuoto, M. Funari, P. Lourenço

Undoubtedly, heritage buildings serve as essential embodiments of the cultural richness and diversity of the world’s states, and their conservation is of the utmost importance. Specifically, the protection of the structural integrity of these buildings is highly relevant not only because of the buildings themselves but also because they often contain precious artworks, such as sculptures, paintings, and frescoes. When a disaster causes damage to heritage buildings, these artworks will likely be damaged, resulting in the loss of historical and artistic materials and an intangible loss of memory and identity for people. To preserve heritage buildings, state-of-the-art recommendations inspired by the Venice Charter of 1964 suggest real-time monitoring of the progressive damage of existing structures, avoiding massive interventions, and providing immediate action in the case of a disaster. The most up-to-date digital information and analysis technologies, such as digital twins, can be employed to fulfil this approach. The implementation of the digital twin paradigm can be crucial in developing a preventive approach for built cultural heritage conservation, considering its key features of continuous data exchange with the physical system and predictive analysis. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the digital twin concept in the architecture, engineering, construction, and operation (AECO) domain. It also critically discusses some applications within the context of preserving the structural integrity of architectural heritage, with a particular emphasis on masonry structures. Finally, a prototype of the digital twin paradigm for the preservation of heritage buildings’ structural integrity is proposed.

F. Savini, Simona Iezzi, I. Trizio et al.

ABSTRACT The Virtual Tour (VT) represents a key tool used in valorising and disseminating the historical and cultural value of built heritage. Basically, it has potential in supporting interdisciplinary technical activities associated with the historical and architectural aspects related to documentation and conservation. This paper defines the methodological lines into expanding the potentialities of the VT in the framework of a rational technical management and maintenance of historical assets from the Authorities. Thus, in addition to basic information related to historical and architectonical aspects, engineering technical data collected during the knowledge path recommended by relevant National and International codes, dealing with static and seismic performance assessment and the conceptual design of structural interventions, have been included in the VT. The designed STRAINS-VT (hiSToRical, ArchItectural aNd Structural–Virtual Tour) is conceived as a dynamic approach supporting the knowledge and monitoring of valuable assets in time, being open to updates and integration. Benefits associated with the application of the proposed STRAINS-VT have been investigated referring to a real architectural heritage building located in Abruzzi Region (Italy). Research outcomes showed that the knowledge process, which goes from the digital integrated survey and the in-situ structural characterization of materials and components to the analysis and design of structural interventions, can be profitably incorporated within the VT. Particularly, the STRAINS-VT operational framework represents an accessible and easy interpretable informative hub that support technical Authorities having in charge the conservation, maintenance, and restoration of valuable assets in the decision-making, validation, and commissioning of strengthening and maintenance works.

Sima Sima, Sakher Olabi, Hala Aslan

This study aims to explore the role of traditional architectural elements in promoting sustainability and how to integrate them into modern buildings by utilizing modern technologies, especially Building Information Modeling (BIM), to restore heritage identity and apply green building standards to modern residential buildings. Despite the advancements in modern urban and architectural developments, sustainability is an ancient concept. Traditional architecture in our region has successfully balanced the use of natural resources with environmental preservation, thereby providing cultural and environmental identity to heritage buildings. In Aleppo, modern residential buildings suffer from a loss of this deep connection to the environment and authentic identity. This research employs BIM software to model and analyze the heritage house of Ajqabash, assessing its compliance with green building standards. The study highlights the role of modern BIM technologies in facilitating environmental analysis and emphasizes the importance of traditional elements, such as the iwan and the internal courtyard, in providing thermal comfort for residents. By studying and analyzing traditional architectural elements and using BIM techniques, the article demonstrates that the concept of sustainability is deeply rooted in our architectural heritage. The Revit program was utilized to model the Ajqabash house in its architectural and structural details, and an energy simulation plug-in was used to analyze the sun's impact on the house. The findings underscore the effectiveness of BIM in conducting environmental studies and in preserving heritage while promoting sustainability. The goal is to develop new design criteria that combine heritage architectural identity with global sustainability standards. This approach aims to contribute to building environmentally and economically sustainable architectural communities and providing innovative solutions to modern housing problems in Aleppo. Ultimately, the research seeks to honor our rich architectural heritage while addressing contemporary environmental challenges.

Mays Mousawi, Ali Abdul Razzaq Altahir, Asseel Majeed AL- Gaheeshi

Abstract In both the agricultural and industrial sectors, pumping water is essential. Due to its arid climate, our Saharan area has a substantial solar energy resource, making constructing a PV solar irrigation system possible. Given solar resources' unpredictable and intermittent nature, it is imperative to set up a system that permits optimal usage. This study aims to design and simulate a solar pumping system's effective nonlinear direct torque command. A solar generator provides an asynchronous three-phase machine coupled to a centrifugal pump as part of the system. MPPT monitors the boost converter via duty cycle. The solar generator's functioning at full power will be ensured. The first uses PSO in the MPPT system to supply the motor pump with three phases of power. The second one employs direct torque command (DTC) to regulate the operation of a centrifugal pump coupled with an induction machine. More advancements will be made to the DTC scenario. The proposed mathematical model of the solar irrigation system was simulated using a MATLAB simulation environment, adopting accurate data provided by Fadak Farm. The maximum power extracted from PV tends to peak at 280 Wp with the assistance of particle swarm optimization that energizes the use of the centrifugal pump for the proposed irrigation system. It is evident from numerical simulation results based on accurate input data that the power extracted from PV solar is positively affected by solar radiation and surface temperature variations. It is clear from simulation results that the speed of three–phase I.M motor converges to 22.5 rad/sec, and water flow pumping by centrifugal is decreased and increased, converging to 7.5 *10-8 m/s with the variation of solar irradiance.

Ruchi Kansal, Mahtab Ahmed

The paper discusses the role of social marketing in preventing health-related harmful habits such as tobacco consumption and smoking. These habits are the causes of deadly diseases such as lung cancer, tuberculosis, and other chronic infections which are detrimental to life of the people. Children fall prey to the wrong habits in the wrong company and become tobacco addicts. So many cases of teen drug addicts are reported in a large number. They have a lack of conscience at a tender age and negligence of their counselling and awareness increases the number of smokers, drunkards, and drug addicts. Once they are afflicted with the diseases they must run for medicines and treatment. Therefore, it should be prevented before suffering as the saying goes, “Prevention is better than cure “. They are unaware that they are prevented not only by clinical treatment and medicines but also by social awareness and education. Social mobilization of the people through awareness programs, education, camps, campaigns, etc. is known as social marketing. The significance of social marketing is its effects on the prevention of physically detrimental habits in the youth which contributed a lot to the reduction of cases of diseases. The role of government programs, educational and medical institutions, social workers, and NGOs is worth applauding in India which undertake and complete projects, organize awareness camps, and educate parents and youths to save themselves from the consumption of harmful substances. It has also produced good output in India that the cases of smoking and drug addiction have reduced to support the country’s development as India is advancing towards becoming the third largest economy and a developed country by 2030 and 2047 respectively.

Elena-Raluca RADU

Abstract: This paper explores the design of logos in the aeronautical field, especially for the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering from Bucharest. The article aims to identify a new image for the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering in order to create a corporate identity manual to illustrate the use of the new logo in different situations and environments. The perfect candidate to represent the institution will be decided based on a survey which measures the public's receptivity to 5 proposed variants for the logo