Hasil untuk "1789-"

Laura Gabriela Caruso, Gustavo Nicolás Contreras

El sector marítimo tuvo un lugar significativo en la historia laboral y sindical de la Argentina, tardíamente reflejado en la historiografía, en la cual predominan hoy los estudios sobre las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Este artículo indaga prácticas, relaciones y dinámicas que se dieron entre los gremios marítimos en la década que va desde la huelga general y marítima de 1924 hasta la formulación de un pacto de unidad entre organizaciones de la tripulación y la oficialidad en 1934. El texto analiza la acción sindical marítima resaltando solidaridades y distancias con otros gremios de dicha comunidad obrera, focalizando en las relaciones entre la Federación Obrera Marítima, primer gremio que unificó categorías y secciones del trabajo a bordo en 1910, y el Centro de Capitanes de Ultramar, fundado en 1918, pilar de la organización del personal jerárquico embarcado. El texto se basa en un conjunto de documentos compuesto por prensa sindical, actas y memorias gremiales, entre otros.

Faqian Shen, Yi Lin, Miriam Höhn et al.

Cytosolic delivery of peptides is of great interest owing to their biological functions, which could be utilized for therapeutic applications. However, their susceptibility to enzymatic degradation and multiple cellular barriers generally hinders their clinical application. Integration into nanoparticles, which can enhance the stability and membrane permeability of bioactive peptides, is a promising strategy to overcome extracellular and intracellular obstacles. Herein, we present a versatile platform for the cellular delivery of various cargo peptides by integration into metallo-peptidic coordination nanoparticles. Both termini of cargo peptides were conjugated with gallic acid (GA) to assemble GA-modified peptides into nanostructures upon coordination of Fe(III). Initial pre-complexation of Fe(III) by poly-(vinylpolypyrrolidon) (PVP) as a template favored the formation of nanoparticles, which are able to deliver the peptides into cells efficiently. Iron–gallic acid peptide nanoparticles (IGPNs) are stable in water and are supposed to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) from endogenous H₂O₂ in cells via the Fenton reaction. The strategy was successfully applied to an exemplary set of peptide sequences varying in length (1–7 amino acids) and charge (negative, neutral, positive). To confirm the capability of transporting bioactive cargos into cells, pro-apoptotic peptides were integrated into IGPNs, which demonstrated potent killing of human cervix carcinoma HeLa and murine neuroblastoma N2a cells at a 10 µM peptide concentration via the complementary mechanisms of peptide-triggered apoptosis and Fe(III)-mediated ROS generation. This study demonstrates the establishment of IGPNs as a novel and versatile platform for the assembly of peptides into nanoparticles, which can be used for cellular delivery of bioactive peptides combined with intrinsic ROS generation.

Corvi, Alberto

Three interesting drawings by the sculptor Pompeo Marchesi (1783‑1858), which are kept at the Castello Sforzesco in Milan, have been recently discovered within the framework of a comprehensive investigation of the artist’s graphic production. In these sheets the sculptor sketched out the first ideas for the colossal monument to Cesare Beccaria located on the grand staircase of the Brera Palace in 1837. The discovery of these sketches made it possible to retrace the development of the statue’s design pointing out Marchesi’s allusions to and influences on ancient statuary as well as the art of Canova and Thorvaldsen.

I. G. Ivantsov, I. V. Dubinin

Historical studies of provincial everyday life are becoming increasingly popular not only among historians, but also cause interest among readers. In such surveys, the role of sources is very important, including the preserved materials of personal origin, especially when it concerns the long -gone age of the XIX.The article is devoted to the correspondence of Diomid Nesterovich Popka (1789–1872), Archpriest of the Timashevsky Kuren with his son, from 1857 to 1870, the future general-lieutenant of the Kuban Cossack army, one of the first historians of Chernomory, the author of a number of literary works, books and articles on the history of the Black Sea, Kuban, and Terek Cossack troops – Ivan Diomidovich Popko (1819–1893), who served during that period in St. Petersburg, in the 2nd squadron of the Life Guards of the Black Sea Cossack Division, then located as commander of the Psekup regiment of the Kuban Cossack troops based in the village of Keyvoye, the Kuban region. Russian historians paid a lot of attention to various facts from his life rich in events. However, his relations with loved ones and relatives were given little attention. In addition, many controversial facts of his biography were not fully revealed. Therefore, it is very interesting to learn about his life and relationships with his father from their correspondence, where he acts as an obedient and respectful son.In the State Archive of the Stavropol Territory, in the Foundation 377, the authors of the article revealed five letters of Diomid Nesterovich addressed to his son, all written from Kurenaya Timashevsky. They served the main source base for the article. The letters contribute to a broader understanding of relationships within the family, close friends and the relatives of the general, whom he tried to patronize his whole long life, because he had proper financial opportunities and moral authority.

Wolfgang Denzer

The current herpetological literature considers Gmelin (1789) as the authority for making the name Chalcides ocellatus tiligugu available. However, the subspecies had already been introduced by Hermann (1783) who referred in his short description to a publication by Cetti (1777). This short note shows that in accordance with the rules of nomenclature the correct notation for this Sardinian scincid lizard should be Chalcides ocellatus tiligugu (Hermann, 1783).

Hans Dieter Allescher, Florian Voigt, Martin Mangold et al.

Background and study aims Optimal hygiene is crucial for patients undergoing flexible endoscopy. Reprocessing is currently influenced by manual procedures performed by endoscopy staff. To overcome this limitation, we designed and evaluated the integration of robotic application for an automated endoscope processing pathway. Methods We used an endoscope reprocessing pass through machine with drying cabinet and a Franka Emika Panda robot. The robot was programmed to interact with its environment in a compliant way, guaranteeing desired contact force thresholds and therefore ensuring safety of both robot and medical equipment. Results In an initial phase we tested the robots’ ability to handle a modified tray holding an endoscope as well as certain challenges (correct positioning, connection of tubing, undesired collisions). We added another Panda robot arm resulting in a device featuring two independent manipulators and tested the accuracy of each individual step. We evaluated 50 consecutive processing and transfer procedures, simulating the average daily throughput of an endoscopic unit. The endoscopes were removed in adapted tray using a specially designed lifting device and placed in an endoscope storage and venting cabinet. The mean time for the handling of the scope was 104.2 ± 1.2 seconds and an accuracy of 100 % (0 failures in 50 attempts) was achieved. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description and evaluation of an automated compliant robotic assistance in the processing of endoscopes. Further development could help to overcome shortcomings of the man handled endoscope processing and could lead to reproducible, standardized and certified endoscope processing.

Ferenc Buzás, Sándor Kiss, István Mező

The directive of 1666/2015. (IX. 21.) called ’Land for Farmers!’ has changed not only the legal terms and conditions but also the economic basis of land use in the relation of land use and resulting derivative demand. Institutionalized rental fees can be modified to market level only if it is confirmed by qualified expert’s report hired by the new land owner. Setting a fair rental value has quite a few methodological approaches. Due to the lack of a legally recommended calculation process, authors hereby are presenting a method to calculate fair rental value that is beneficial for both renter and owner. Foreign rental conditions related to the topic are also concerned in the article.

Eva Fuglei, Arnaud Tarroux

We report the first satellite tracking of natal dispersal by an Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) between continents and High-Arctic ecosystems. A young female left Spitsbergen (Svalbard Archipelago, Norway) on 26 March 2018 and reached Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada, 76 days later, after travelling a cumulative distance of 3506 km, bringing her ca. 1789 km away (straight-line distance) from her natal area. The total cumulative distance travelled during the entire tracking period, starting when she left her natal area on 1 March 2018 and ending when she settled on Ellesmere Island on 1 July 2018, was 4415 km. This is among the longest dispersal events ever recorded for an Arctic fox. Crossing extensive stretches of sea ice and glaciers, the female moved at an average rate of 46.3 km/day ± 41.1 SD. The maximum movement rate was 155 km/day and occurred on the ice sheet in northern Greenland. This is the fastest movement rate recorded for this species. The northernmost location recorded was on the sea ice off northern Greenland at a latitude of 84.7°N. The Arctic fox was of the blue colour morph typical for coastal environments, where Arctic foxes are adapted to food webs without lemmings but with substantial inputs of marine food resources. The Arctic fox settled on Ellesmere Island in a food web with lemmings, thereby switching ecosystems. Our observation supports evidence of gene flow across Arctic regions, including those seasonally bridged by sea ice, found in studies of the circumpolar genetic structure of Arctic fox populations.

Albert Soler Ruda

Este artículo gira alrededor de la construcción de la nueva subcultura del veterano de guerra soviético, nacida a partir de la experiencia bélica derivada de la invasión de Afganistán (1979-1989). La premisa del artículo es presentar los elementos y consecuencias que definen y caracterizan la nueva cultura de la desmovilización en la URSS, partiendo de la base que, como subcultura asociada al mundo juvenil, viene definida no solo por el trauma bélico, sino en gran medida por el amplio marco de crisis social, política, militar y contracultural relacionado con la generación juvenil soviética de los años 80.

Miguel Ángel Del Río Morillas

La major part de la historiografia i estudis sobre Aliança Popular normalment focalitzen els orígens de la plataforma neofranquista, exclusivament, en l’experiència de GODSA, Reforma Democràtica i Manuel Fraga, sense emfatitzar la importància dels restants components de la plataforma (6 associacions polítiques d’origen franquista). El present article té com a objectiu analitzar un dels orígenspolítics del principal partit vertebrador de l’actual dreta espanyola (el Partit Popular) com a confluència de projectes i cultures polítiques franquistes de diferent mena. Un procés de convergència que s’iniciaria a partir de 1974-1975 amb la temptativa d’unificació de les diverses forces polítiques del 18 de Juliol al voltant d’una macro-associació del Moviment Nacional

Érica Fonseca, Mirco Solé, Dennis Rödder et al.

Invasive species are one among many threats to biodiversity. Brazil has been spared, generically, of several destructive invasive species. Reports of invasive snakes' populations are nonexistent, but the illegal pet trade might change this scenario. Despite the Brazilian laws forbid to import most animals, illegal trade is frequently observed and propagules are found in the wild. The high species richness within Brazilian biomes and accelerated fragmentation of natural reserves are a critical factors facilitating successful invasion. An efficient way to ease damages caused by invasive species is identifying potential invaders and consequent prevention of introductions. For the identification of potential invaders many factors need to be considered, including estimates of climate matching between areas (native vs. invaded). Ecological niche modelling has been widely used to predict potential areas for invasion and is an important tool for conservation biology. This study evaluates the potential geographical distribution and establishment risk of Lampropeltis getula (Linnaeus, 1766), Lampropeltis triangulum (Lacépède, 1789), Pantherophis guttatus (Linnaeus, 1766), Python bivittatus Kuhl, 1820 and Python regius (Shaw, 1802) through the Maximum Entropy modelling approach to estimate the potential distribution of the species within Brazil and qualitative evaluation of specific biological attributes. Our results suggest that the North and Midwest regions harbor major suitable areas. Furthermore, P. bivittatus and P. guttatus were suggested to have the highest invasive potential among the analyzed species. Potentially suitable areas for these species were predicted within areas which are highly relevant for Brazilian biodiversity, including several conservation units. Therefore, these areas require special attention and preventive measures should be adopted.

Luis Montilla Amador

Este artículo es una aproximación al estudio de las relaciones bilaterales entre la II República española y Checoslovaquia. La joven nación centroeuropea saludó con entusiasmo la llegada del nuevo régimen español, sensación que se vio confirmada por las primeras actuaciones exteriores republicanas, muy próximas al espíritu con el que Praga afrontaba su política internacional. Esta cercanía de intereses se vio materializada en Ginebra con la formación del Grupo de los Ocho. Los tres responsables de la diplomacia checoslovaca en Madrid durante este periodo (Vlastimil Kybal, Zdeněk Formánek y Robert Flieder) reflejaron en los informes remitidos a Praga los temas más importantes de la política exterior republicana. This research is an approach to the study of the bilateral relations between the Second Spanish Republic and Czechoslovakia. The young Central European nation greeted enthusiastically the arrival of the new Spanish regime. This good feeling was confirmed by the new Spanish way of dealing with the foreign affairs, very close to the spirit in which Prague was facing its international policy. As a result of this common interests was created in Geneva the Group of Eight, which included both countries. The three responsible persons for the Czecoslovakian diplomacy in Madrid during this period (Vlastimil Kybal, Zdeněk Formánek and Robert Flieder) reflected in the reports submitted to Prague the most important issues of the Republican foreign policy.

Ken Ishida

Itàlia i Japó, que formaven part de l’Eix en la dècada de 1930, tenien característiques comunes significatives pel que fa a les seves polítiques exteriors, encara que va haver algunes diferències estructurals en el procés de presa de decisions dels seus governs. Es van produir avenços decisius per a la seva confluència en política exterior en1936, quan Itàlia va intervenir en la Guerra Civil espanyola, i el 1937, quan Japó va començar la guerra total contra la Xina. El propòsit d’aquest assaig és establir una comparació de les polítiques dels dos governs, influïdes no només pel fet que fossin governs feixistes fanàtics i ultranacionalistes que van empènyer als seus països cap a l’adopció de polítiques exteriors agressives i imprudents, sinó que també van ser en bona mesura decisives les actuacions de les seves cancelleries tot i la imatge convenció al segons la qual els diplomàtics acostumen a ser més moderat si racionals.

Vanessa Núñez Peña

Zeynel Cebeci, Yoldas Erdogan, Tuna Alemdar et al.

The term traceability refers to recording of flow of products along the food chain from production to consumption with inclusion of all intermediate applications involved in processing/packaging stages. The aim for establishing traceability in the food chain is to provide the timely identification and recall of batches of product from the market when a risk threatens the health of consumers. Since compound feed products are basic inputs in livestock and poultry production, ICT-based feed traceability systems can be considered as a initial step in food traceability management. These systems are simply information recording systems that are designed to trace and track the flow and characteristics of animal feed along the feed supply chain. This paper describes the architecture and some functional properties of a feed traceability system called as the “feed TRace”, focusing particularly on compound feed and integrated poultry meat industries. The feedTRace aims to improve compound feed supply chain management, to increase feed safety and quality control, and to gain marketing competencies with traceable products in compound feed industry. The system is currently under beta stage, and is tested in two high capacity feed milling plants and an integrated broiler company located inAdana province of Turkey.

Antonio Muñoz Sánchez

Este artículo investiga la labor de apoyo de la Fundación Friedrich Ebert al socialismo español durante la dictadura franquista y los comienzos de la transición democrática. Muestra cómo desde mediados de los años sesenta, la Fundación acompañó la política española del SPD orientada a promover desde Europa una evolución progresiva de la dictadura de Franco hacia la democracia. Repasa la larga relación de la Ebert con el PSI PSP de Enrique Tierno Galván, y estudia las razones que le llevaron en 1975 a decidir apoyar al PSOE. Por último, analiza los pasos hacia la apertura de una Delegación de la Fundación Ebert en Madrid en 1976 y cómo su director concibió un plan de colaboración estrecha con el PSOE dirigido a su conversión en un partido moderno y de masas.

Ulrike Leitner

Article in German, Abstracts in English, German and SpanishThrough the work on editing projects sometimes historical and biographical details are discovered. In this paper a letter from A. v. Humboldt to his publisher J. G. v. Cotta serves as an example of how the correct date of a wrongly dated letter could be found. The necessary research to answer this question also brought to light some new facts as to a meeting between Humboldt and geographer C. Ritter in Paris in 1824. We also learn about some topics on which Humboldt was working at the time and about his relationship to the French Court.

Redactie KITLV

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Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. xxi + 245 pp., Fe Iglesias García, María Del Carmen Barcia (eds) -Susan Fernández, Tom Chaffin, Fatal glory: Narciso López and the first clandestine U.S. war against Cuba. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1996. xxii + 282 pp. -Damian J. Fernández, María Cristina García, Havana USA: Cuban exiles and Cuban Americans in South Florida, 1959-1994. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996. xiii + 290 pp. -Myrna García-Calderón, Carmen Luisa Justiniano, Con valor y a cómo dé lugar: Memorias de una jíbara puertorriqueña. Río Piedras: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, 1994. 538 pp. -Jorge Pérez-Rolon, Ruth Glasser, My music is my flag: Puerto Rican musicians and their New York communities , 1917-1940. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1995. xxiv + 253 pp. -Lauren Derby, Emelio Betances, State and society in the Dominican Republic. Boulder CO: Westview Press, 1995. xix + 162 pp. -Michiel Baud, Bernardo Vega, Trujillo y Haiti, Volumen II (1937-1938). Santo Domingo: Fundación Cultural Dominicana, 1995. 427 pp. -Danielle Bégot, Elborg Forster ,Sugar and slavery, family and race: The letters and diary of Pierre Dessalles, Planter in Martinique, 1808-1856. Elborg & Robert Forster (eds. and trans.). Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1996. 322 pp., Robert Forster (eds) -Catherine Benoit, Richard D.E. Burton, La famille coloniale: La Martinique et la mère patrie, 1789-1992. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1994. 308 pp. -Roderick A. McDonald, Kathleen Mary Butler, The economics of emancipation: Jamaica & Barbados, 1823-1843. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995. xviii + 198 pp. -K.O. Laurence, David Chanderbali, A portrait of Paternalism: Governor Henry Light of British Guiana, 1838-48. Turkeyen, Guyana: Dr. David Chanderbali, Department of History, University of Guyana, 1994. xiii + 277 pp. -Mindie Lazarus-Black, Brian L. Moore, Cultural power, resistance and pluralism: Colonial Guyana 1838-1900. Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press; Mona, Kingston: The Press-University of the West Indies, 1995. xv + 376 pp. -Madhavi Kale, K.O. Laurence, A question of labour: Indentured immigration into Trinidad and British Guiana, 1875-1917. Kingston: Ian Randle; London: James Currey, 1994. ix + 648 pp. -Franklin W. Knight, O. Nigel Bolland, On the March: Labour rebellions in the British Caribbean, 1934-39. Kingston: Ian Randle; London: James Currey, 1995. viii + 216 pp. -Linden Lewis, Kevin A. Yelvington, Producing power: Ethnicity, gender, and class in a Caribbean workplace. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995. xv + 286 pp. -Consuelo López Springfield, Alta-Gracia Ortíz, Puerto Rican women and work: Bridges in transnational labor. 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Glazier, Howard Gregory, Caribbean theology: Preparing for the challenges ahead. Mona, Kingston: Canoe Press, University of the West Indies, 1995. xx + 118 pp. -Lise Winer, Richard Allsopp, Dictionary of Caribbean English usage. With a French and Spanish supplement edited by Jeanette Allsopp. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. lxxviii + 697 pp. -Geneviève Escure, Jacques Arends ,Pidgins and Creoles: An introduction. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 1995. xiv + 412 pp., Pieter Muysken, Norval Smith (eds) -Jacques Arends, Angela Bartens, Die iberoromanisch-basierten Kreolsprachen: Ansätze der linguistischen Beschreibung. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1995. vii + 345 pp. -J. Michael Dash, Richard D.E. Burton, Le roman marron: Études sur la littérature martiniquaise contemporaine. Paris: L'Harmattan. 1997. 282 pp.

Michael Alpert

Sin pretender ser una historia de las brigadas Internacionales en la Guerra Civil Española de 1936-1939, este trabajo se propone examinar ciertos aspectos míticos asociados con las BB.II, en especial la cuestión de su eficacia la experiencia militar de sus jefes. Llega a la conclusión que, aunque el valor y el autosacrificio de los internacionales son innegables, y pese a que se les empleaba a menudo a las BB.II como fuerzas de choque, su presencia en las fuerzas gubernamentales no pasaba de tener una ejemplaridad moral. This article is not a history of the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 - 1939. It tries to investigate certain persistent myths about the Brigades, in particular the question of their efficiency and the military expertise of their leaders. It concludes that, although the heroism and the self - sacrifice of the Brigades are undeniable, and despite their function as the vanguard in many of the batties, their presence in the Army of the Spanish Republic had a moral influence which far outweighed any military significance.

Herbert Pieper

Article in German, Abstracts in English and Spanish. On the 17th of July 1800 Alexander von Humboldt was elected as an extraordinary member of the Prussian Académie royale des sciences et belles-lettres at Berlin. The paper first deals with Humboldt’s scientific activities before his election and then goes into detail as far as his integration into the work of the Academy is concerned. Humboldt was elected as a chimiste célèbre, but as a member of the Academy he did not work as a chemist. When Humboldt proposed in 1837 to classify the members of each class in special fields, he chose for himself the field of "mineralogy-geology".