Elena V. Ivanova, E. Barsukova, E. Mayakova
et al.
Introduction. The urban territoriality of modern teenagers is determined by the characteristics of their age, changes in the nature of their movements and a dialectical contradiction: their «visible trace» in the urban environment, manifested in marking and territorial aggression (for example, garbage, graffiti, loud conversations and music, spitting, etc.), does not make them more visible to be taken into account, does not attract them to participate in urban life, does not define a special space for their interaction. The aim of the study is to determine the boundaries and features of urban territorial behavior of adolescents and young people aged 13–18, to describe these places, and highlight the main types of activities and behavior patterns of adolescents in these places. Materials and methods. The study analyzed the locations where experts observed the behavior and activities of adolescents at different times of the day in the summer in the following cities: Moscow, Sergiev Posad, Balashikha (Moscow Region), Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo, Krasnaya Polyana (Sochi), Kazan, Pushkin (Leningrad Region). The study was conducted using the method of «behavioral episodes», territory analysis and mapping. Photo documentation and spontaneous unstructured interviews were used situationally, depending on the context. Results. The study analyzed 35 locations in 8 cities. Using behavioral episodes, the experts recorded the following activities: group interactions (41 episodes), pair interactions (12), scooter/bicycle riding (20), sports games (17), swing and carousels rides (11), and drinking and eating (7). It was noted that adolescents spent more time at sports facilities (28) and playgrounds (27). The findings showed that teenagers prefer public spaces or locations at the borders of areas that have benches and places to relax, with grocery stores nearby and plenty of greenery. They value the privacy of these places, the absence of territorial conflicts, and a simple design. KEYWORDS Conclusions. Based on the conducted research, it can be established that the yard teenage communities culture has been lost. Teenager’s spaces are either poorly represented or completely absent in the locations and cities that were studied. Teenagers with their characteristic confrontational and opinionated nature are neither the target audience nor the focus of the agendas of Russian urbanists, architects, and other professionals involved in urban development. Furthermore, urban communities view them with distrust, and sometimes even with extreme hostility, due to their experimental and often inappropriate behavior. Further research into the urban territoriality of modern teenagers could be considered a promising area within developmental psychology, proxemics, and sociology, and worthy of closer attention from urbanists, urban planners, architects, as well as educational advisors and leaders of youth public organizations and associations. The use of ethnographic methods, observational techniques, and participation practices and engagement with teenagers in urban affairs can help establish a meaningful dialogue with this age group and thereby reduce the tension and confrontation typical of this age group.
Introduction. The article employs qualitative and quantitative research data to examine the key manifestations of ethnicity in everyday communication and its institutionalization within the urban environments of the Finno-Ugric republics of the Russian Federation, focusing on the capital cities of the Udmurt Republic and Mordovia – Izhevsk and Saransk. The study addresses the pressing social issue of how ethnicity among the populations of Russia’s republics transforms amid the modernization of regional societies, yet the forms and expressions of ethnicity within the polyethnic urban settings of contemporary cities remain underexplored. The research aims to characterize the principal manifestations of ethnicity in the urban contexts of these Finno-Ugric regional capitals, both at the level of interpersonal interactions and in its institutionalized forms. Materials and Methods. The field study conducted under the author’s supervision in 2020–2022 employed sociological methods, including large-scale questionnaire surveys and focus groups, as well as the “anthropological genealogy” approach to examine the city as both space and place through in-depth expert interviews. The research comprised four focus groups with residents of the surveyed cities (2020), large-scale questionnaire surveys of urban populations in Saransk (November – December 2020) and Izhevsk (2021), and an expert survey using in-depth interviews. Results and Discussion. In the capital cities of ethnic republics, ethnicity manifests itself at the interpersonal level through micro-practices of everyday communication, including linguistic markers that signal group affiliation. At the level of mass consciousness, the ethnonational components of identity in these regional capitals are characterized by an association of the republic with its titular ethnic group, an identification of the capital city with republican state symbols and institutions, and an acceptance of official bilingualism as a symbolic attribute of the republic – despite the absence of mandatory participation in corresponding language practices. In ethnocultural terms, this is reflected in the acknowledgment of the urban environment’s multiethnic and multicultural nature. Conclusion. The conclusions drawn by the author contribute to the advancement of such fields as urban anthropology, ethnosociology, and regional studies, particularly in the examination of ethnicity within urban environments. This includes identifying the social preconditions for the development of tolerant interethnic relations and analyzing the transformation of capital cities in republics into “transnational cities”.
The article examines the current issues of the transformation of urban parking lots in Ukraine in the context of the rapid growth of motorization and the constant military threat. The increase in the level of private motorization in Ukrainian cities is accompanied by a significant burden on urban infrastructure, while security challenges caused by a full-scale war form new requirements for the functioning of engineering facilities. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the feasibility of rethinking the role of parking lots as dual-purpose facilities — not only transport, but also protective structures capable of providing shelter for the civilian population during emergencies. The paper examines architectural and urban planning, structural and social factors that determine the effectiveness of the integration of such multifunctional facilities into the urban structure. The current national building codes and standards, international experience in arranging protective parking lots in countries with a long history of military or terrorist threats (including Israel and Finland), and the needs of vulnerable groups of the population — internally displaced persons, persons with disabilities, and other users with limited mobility — were analyzed. The research methodology includes urban planning and functional analysis, architectural design, critical study of the regulatory framework, and GIS modeling to assess the potential for placing shelter parking lots. As a result, a typology of dual-purpose parking lots was formed, recommendations were developed regarding their functional zoning, technical equipment, engineering support, and optimal location in the urban environment. Models for forming a network of such facilities within administrative territories, taking into account building density, transport accessibility, and the level of potential danger, were separately highlighted. The results obtained confirm the feasibility of implementing a system of parking shelters as elements of increasing urban security, resilience and mobility. Further research areas include a detailed typology, a sociological analysis of the perception of such facilities by the population, the development of a comprehensive GIS model for predicting the effectiveness of the network, a comparative international study of models of civilian protection, as well as an economic justification for the implementation of the proposed solutions in different types of urban settlements in Ukraine.
The lyrics of “Stasiun Balapan” by Didi Kempot are often read as a narrative of personal heartbreak; however, the portrayal of separation in the song in fact contains deeper social tensions. This article examines the song as a literary text through a combination of the Sociology of Literature and new narratology, particularly the concept of the indexical narrative situation, which understands fictional elements as pointers to real social conditions. Within the context of city branding, Solo is frequently framed as “the most livable city,” an official discourse that constructs an image of stability and harmony. Yet, the female figure who leaves and never returns in the song functions as a narrative index that exposes another side of the city: a transit space that opens possibilities of mobility, detachment, and the erosion of communal attachment. This analysis demonstrates that the emotional experience conveyed in the song is not merely a melancholic fiction, but a representation of social structures encountered by urban Javanese residents, particularly lower–middle-class groups who are intimately familiar with stations, platforms, and journeys without certainty. By employing the concepts of storyworlds and experientiality, this article finds that urban comfort is not universal; rather, it is a discourse that conceals experiences of loss, alienation, and the fracturing of human relationships. Ultimately, “Stasiun Balapan” reveals how popular narratives can function as an affective archive of society, a space where imagination, urban space, and social reality converge within a single emotional event.
A comfortable urban environment is the most important component of any city, the future of both the city itself and its residents depends on its condition and development, so taking their opinions into account is an important aspect. The purpose of the article is to identify assessments of the involvement of the population of different socio-demographic groups of large cities of the Vologda Oblast in the implementation of the federal project "Formation of a Comfortable Urban Environment". The study focuses on the sociological approach, and the formation of the urban environment is considered from the point of view of the participation of local residents in voting for the improvement of public areas. The empirical base of the study was the data of a sociological survey of the population of the Vologda Oblast in 2024. The total sample size is 1,500 respondents (800 - large cities). The survey method is a questionnaire at the place of residence of respondents aged 18 and older. The sampling error does not exceed 3%. The passivity of citizens in choosing public areas for improvement was revealed both in Vologda and in Cherepovets. It was found that women in large cities of the region are more informed and participate in the federal project. Residents of Cherepovets take part in voting on the improvement of territories to a greater extent. In most cases, respondents with a higher level of education take part. It was also concluded that with a decrease in the level of education, the level of awareness decreases. Assessments of the inclusion of the population of different socio-demographic groups in the implementation of the federal project reflect a significant component of the development of the urban environment, requiring scientific analysis, primarily sociological methods.
With the emergence of a green environment and green business, the banking sector has also enforced green practices. This study aims to explore the impact of motivational factors and green behaviors on the environmental performance of banking sector employees. This is a quantitative study and data has been collected through a cross-sectional survey of the questionnaire in the banking sector. 300 questionnaires were distributed to the bank employees. PLS-SEM was used to find the statistical results. The study finds a positive impact of Extrinsic motivation and Intrinsic motivation on Employee Environmental Performance, the mediating effect of Task-related Green Behaviors was also found to be positive. The study does not support the effect of Voluntary Green Behaviors on Employee Environment Performance and its mediating effect was also not supported. The study findings and deep knowledge of the impact of motivational and behavioral employee environmental performance on banking sector employees have provided new directions for researchers and policymakers. This study will help the policymakers in strategically developing rewarding policies for the employees that would definitely create a positive impact on performance. The results of the study have provided empirical confirmation of employees’ motivational needs and their impact on green behaviors that collectively impact employee environmental performance.
Cities. Urban geography, Urbanization. City and country
Stefano Moroni, Anita De Franco, Carolina Pacchi
et al.
Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has been analysed and discussed from many disciplinary perspectives. An aspect that still needs critical exploration is the role—that is, the modes and forms—of regulatory interventions during the pandemic. It is interesting to note in this regard that, in many studies, regulatory measures are labelled “non-pharmaceutical interventions”, as if they do not have any specificity on their own and only represent a theoretically residual category. The main aim of this article is instead to focus on the distinctive features of normative measures as such. As regards the article’s focus, it centres on the normative interventions in the first period of the pandemic—that is, 2020—with particular reference to Italy. We have chosen to focus on this period because the most extensive and severe restrictions introduced to combat Covid-19 were established at that time. And we have chosen to consider Italy because it was the first country, after China, to be hard hit by the virus and to react in a draconian manner. As regards the methodology, the article is based, in general and primarily, on an extensive interdisciplinary literature review. With reference to the Italian case, the study is additionally based on: first-hand data collection and analysis (especially concerning Italian normative measures mainly issued at the national level: their type, frequency, target, hierarchical relationships); second-hand data and analysis (for instance as regards the effectiveness of Italy’s and other countries’ regulatory measures). In discussing the Italian response to the Covid-19 pandemic, certain weaknesses have been identified; and possible lessons have been highlighted, in terms of both “planning” (i.e. the necessity to better pre-define concrete and circumscribed sets of actions) and of “meta-planning” (i.e. the necessity of better planning the way in which public authorities could and should plan and act). Although this article is mainly based on the Italian situation, what we can learn from this case is largely generalizable.
Abstract This article reports a first attempt to combine the analysis of socio-technical mechanisms and initiative-based learning to sense sustainability transition signals in cities. Relying on the analysis of cultural initiatives in six European Cities, the study identifies those factors that enabled social impact generation. It then formulates hypotheses about their contribution to the inception and rooting of sustainability transition dynamics. As a result, the article proposes a set of analytical categories of enabling factors acting across niches and regimes. The same factors are then reinterpreted by referring to scaling mechanisms (scaling up, out and deep). The proposed analytical scheme seeks to offer a broader reflection on the conceptual and methodological challenges related to sensing and interpreting urban sustainability transition pathways.
Abstract This article analyses the phenomenon of urban expertise in Russian cities, urbanistika, a term used to describe activities related to urban planning and decision-making. The creation of this field of knowledge coincided with increased public interest in expert assessment. The analysis focuses on an activist group involved in urban redevelopment projects in St Petersburg in 2012–2019. Using the insights of the literature on the sociology of expertise combined with urban studies scholarship, the study sets out to uncover the mechanisms by which civic urban expertise is constructed and to contextualise the global and local conditions in which such activity was shaped. The methodological approach tracks the process by which the network is created that allows for urban questions to become the objects of expert labour.
The purpose of the article is to highlight the specifics of local festivals in different types of communities, distinguished by the indicator of “place of residence” capital, regional city, town and village, pointing out the common features and differences between them. For the realization of this goal, it is necessary to study such important features as: frequency of conduct, thematic focus, activities carried out during the festivals, the subjects that organize and conduct them, the participation of local authorities, institutions, NGOs, media and local people. The leading method in the study of festivals in the text is sociological and its choice is a consequence of the set goal. Object of study are local communities as a specific social construct and social group entity with characteristic social relations, functions, interactions, resources, values and identity. Local festivals are an important element of the lifestyle of local communities; depending on whether the latter are located and developed in an urban or rural environment, the peculiarities, similarities and differences between their festivals are determined. The article analyzes the results of a nationally representative empirical sociological survey conducted on the field in FebruaryMarch 2023 with 800 respondents throughout the country. It was realized within the project “Local Festivals: A Resource of Local Communities to Deal with Crises”. According to the empirical information received, festivals are more often organized and held in regional centers and cities than in Sofia and the villages. The analysis of the results shows that festivals in regional cities, towns and villages have a more diverse thematic focus and more varied activities are carried out during their conduct than in Sofia. The festivals in the regional centers in their thematic focus are closer to those organized in the towns and villages than to those in Sofia. Their main organizer in all types of local communities is the local government in the face of the municipality or the mayoralty. The chitalishte (literally “reading centers” are important cultural institutions in Bulgarian tradition and contemporary society) has a leading role in the organization of the festivals in the towns and villages, unlike the regional centers and Sofia, where their participation is unremarkable. A kind of “profiling” of the festivalization of contemporary lifestyle is formed according to the type of local communities whether they are in the capital, in the regional centers, in the towns or in the villages. Residents of smaller settlements, such as towns and villages, are more actively involved in the organization and holding of festivals than those from regional centers, and in Sofia their participation is the weakest. In these local communities, local institutions and residents manifest themselves as enterprising social actors, their festivals are really local in nature, organization and holding, they carry the spirit, values, traditions, energy, atmosphere and identity of local people.
Architecture ensures a person's orientation in space, affects his emotions and mental state. A group of social and cultural factors influencing the formation of media formation of architecture and city spaces determines the aspects of human perception of the architectural environment. Each of its elements performs a certain function and at the same time is the context of people's everyday life. The media formation of architecture and urban spaces creates material conditions for providing the physiological needs of a person because it carries certain information about the possibilities of their satisfaction. The article identifies sociological, cultural and spiritual factors and examines their influence on the media formation of the Lviv city. The evaluation of the relationships between social and cultural factors and media formation was carried out on the basis of a multidimensional matrix of relationships. It was established that social and cultural factors have the greatest influence on mental media formation of architecture. On the other hand, connections with the physical media formation, except for the visual, are absent. The assessment also made it possible to discover that the psychological state of a person has the most count of connections with informative essence of the architecture. The desire to find the meaning of life is manifested in architecture through emotional properties associated with the disclosure of the life processes of society with the expression of national, social, political unity of people, with the value of family unity, with self-affirmation of the individual. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account aspects of the psychological perception of future objects in architectural practice.
ABSTRACT This article explores the rise of Christianity in urban Nepal through the lens of rural to urban migrants and their experiences. As Christianity continues its exponential growth in the Kathmandu Valley, especially among socially and culturally marginalized groups, the article provides theoretical indicators of what is driving the phenomenon. The article explores the motivations for Christian conversion through a comparative methodology: it compares rural-to-urban migrants who converted to Christianity with those who did not and remained Hindu. Interviews with these two groups (conducted from 2018 to 2021) open a window onto the perceived benefits of Christian conversion. The empirical findings are framed through sociological theories of conversion. Interviews show that Christian conversion in urban Nepal is associated with the development of new forms of sociality that assist newcomers to the city adjust to a larger, more anomic environment. Survey findings are supplemented by reports of Christian worship services from various churches in the Kathmandu Valley. The article ends by exploring possible reactions from mainstream Hinduism in Nepal, arguing that Hinduism in Nepal has not yet evolved in the direction of India’s populist hindutva but that among the professional classes personalistic forms of Hindu belief are flourishing.
Рынок Труда, Взгляд Городской, И Сельской Молодежи
The article analyzes the main trends affecting the modern labor market, and especially the professional self-determination of young people. It contains the results of a sociological study conducted in 2021 among the population aged 14-35 years living in ten regions of Russia. The study revealed that the urban youth was more ambitious than rural youth, and was more interested in training. The city youth also more often agreed that such qualities as decision-making ability, a high level of anticipation, personality strength, a high level of self-regulation and efficiency are necessary for achieving success on labor market. As for other assessment criteria, no significant difference between these two groups was found. Global digitalization equalizes the opportunities of young people from different regions via facilitating access to information, knowledge and employment. Urban and rural youth have similar views on digital transformation of economy, development of the labor market and role of young people in the world of future professions. They do not see any big risks for themselves in the future, rather highly estimate the importance of soft skills in ensuring their competitiveness in the era of digitalization and express their willingness to work in those companies that actively implement digital technologies.
I Putu Dika Mustika, I Gede Adi Setia Darma, I Kadek Merta Wijaya
Bali Festival Park is a tourist place that is very loved by the Balinese people and also tourists, both foreign tourists, and local tourists. This place presents a variety of rides and facilities that are quite complete for visitors to spend their free time. However, at this time the Bali Festival Park has begun to be abandoned by the public and tourists, this has made some buildings that can still be used physically abandoned. The building is an icon of the main building has a unique roof shape and also has an adequate area, besides that this building also still has a solid structure. The building that faces directly towards the sea also has its own added value, which is to offer a unique view of the beach. Currently, the world of work is very important in regional economic growth so it is very important to provide good and comfortable facilities for workers to increase their productivity so that the function of the Taman Festival Bali performance theater building becomes a Co-Working space using an adaptive approach. reuse will be a good choice because, in addition to being able to work together with various companies, employees can also indulge themselves with the scenery and existing facilities. This research itself aims to create a comfortable place for companies as a place to be able to provide peace for their employees and can share work experiences with other companies. The method used is descriptive qualitative through studies and descriptions of architectural problems and formulating solutions in the form of schematic designs. The results of this study are the elements of space that are presented in the form of floor plans, 3D Interior, and exterior.
Details in building design and construction. Including walls, roofs, Urban renewal. Urban redevelopment
Purpose ─ The paper empirically explores the conditioning role of loan portfolio diversification in the monetary policy pass-through via the bank lending and risk-taking channels.
Methods ─ Data of Vietnamese commercial banks during 2007–2019 is employed to perform regression using the two-step system generalized method of moments in dynamic panel models. For robustness, we approach different choices of monetary policy indicators, ranging from interest-based tools to quantitative-based policy, and consider a rich set of sectoral exposure measures to proxy loan portfolio diversification.
Findings ─ Lower interest rates or greater liquidity injection during monetary expansion may increase bank lending and bank risk, thus confirming the working of the bank lending and risk-taking channels of monetary policy transmission. Notably, the potency of these banking channels may be weakened for banks diversifying loan portfolios more into various economic sectors.
Implication ─ The findings call for monetary authorities to concentrate on certain types of banks, depending on their loan portfolios when setting monetary policy. When managing banking supervision, banking supervisors should also acknowledge the tradeoff between bank lending and bank risk in response to monetary shocks.
Originality ─ For the first time, this paper explores the conditional role of loan portfolio composition and thus further supports the recent upsurge in empirical studies highlighting the role of business models in monetary policy pass-through.
Economic growth, development, planning, Regional economics. Space in economics
This book contributes to the understanding of autonomist and anarchist movements in Sweden ’ s three major cities – Stockholm, Göteborg, and Malmö – around 2010. It focuses on the movements ’ spatial dimensions and, in particular, the effects of gentri fi cation on the development of far-left urban activism. Creasap takes a cultural and geographical approach by centring on ‘ social movement scenes ’ – de fi ned as unstable networks and processes connecting physical spaces and activist groups. The analysis concludes by comparing the scenes in each city – a strong scene in Malmö versus a fragile one in Stockholm and a ‘ fl edgling ’ and more exclusionary one in Göteborg. Creasap ’ s concise and clear writing style helps readers follow the storyline and makes the sociological picture of the activist scenes more palatable for a wider, non-academic audience. The book also enriches the literature by analysing urban activism and radical politics in Sweden at a very speci fi c historical period, including squatting attempts, which is not common in social movements research. Theoretically, the book suggests the notion of ‘ scene ’ to bridge urban sociology and social movement research. Notwithstanding the book ’ s valuable contribution, my review will also raise some critical issues that might help further investigations along this line. First, the author uses the introductory chapter to present