María Elena Curbelo Tavío, María Dolores García de Paso Carrasco
El Arte Retórica de Céspedes es un breve manual en español que recoge las cuestiones más tratadas en la preceptiva latina, como las partes del discurso, los tres géneros, la teoría de los estados y las figuras, pero no de manera literal, pues son abundantes las adiciones, las omisiones y los cambios. Por otro lado, incorpora otros aspectos como la importancia de los afectos, presente
en Aristóteles, y la teoría de Hermógenes sobre las ideas o formas de estilo. Aunque concede gran importancia a la elocución, muy volcada al castellano, la invención es la parte de la retórica que más atención recibe. A diferencia de la retórica de Salinas, también en vernáculo, que tiene como destinatarios a clérigos, la de Céspedes va dirigida a laicos. Destacan en ella las numerosas indicaciones de carácter práctico y que los progymnasmata no se contemplen como ejercicios auxiliares de la teoría, sino como un procedimiento de amplificación.
Since the late 1990s, the Amsterdam school of Pragma-Dialectics has extended its theory of a critical discussion by the integration of the concept of « strategic maneuvering ». The aim of that extension was to bridge the gap between dialectic and rhetoric by the integration of a rhetorical dimension into the dialectical framework. Three main aspects of strategic maneuvering are explicitly addressed: argumentative choices from topical potential, adaptation to audience demand, and the employment of presentational devices. The article takes a closer look at the martial metaphor of strategic maneuvering. Examining the meaning and history of both « strategy » and « maneuvering » as well as the differences between strategy and tactics, it describes the positioning of each of the three aspects within the rhetorical system and the hierarchy between strategy and tactics. It thus shows how the choice of this metaphor frames the entire theory, and how the interpretation of fallacies as « derailments » of strategic maneuverings modifies the original pragma-dialectical concept. It turns out that the incorporation of strategic maneuvering into the pragma-dialectical system may itself be a strategy meant to immunize the theory against criticism.
This article introduces and advocates a model designed for mapping reasoning, with a primary focus on exhaustively describing the argumentative moves within a text in natural language. The study begins by analyzing the limitations of existing methodologies, including informal logic – the foundational framework for these maps – computational argumentation analysis, and textual linguistics. It then proposes an interdisciplinary functional approach that revises text segmentation strategies and addresses linguistic elements often overlooked in philosophical discussions of argument mapping. The paper also presents a typology of argumentative functions and a methodology for depicting these functions, which are applied to a complex case study. Furthermore, the article explores the dual role of argument maps as both pedagogical and scientific tools, reflecting on their broader implications throughout.
Abstract:Aristotle's use of endoxa (generally accepted opinions) in his account of emotions, Rhetoric 2.1–11, 1378a-1388b, is analysed from the perspective of authorial style and the audience. When Aristotle says (1.1.12, 1355a), that speeches for the "multitude" (polloi) should rely on generally accepted opinions, he reveals the significance of endoxa in illuminating the perspectives of the non-elite. The use of endoxa imports the language of "everybody," which has implications for how the work operates and its relationship to a democratic audience. The integration of familiar phrasing and vocabulary enhances its cogency for a heterogeneous audience. The explicit framing of shared views, signposted by collective language, sits alongside implicit engagement with both views and vocabulary that would be familiar to the audience from tragedy. Endoxa shed light on Aristotle's status as a writer, the cultural situatedness of his ideas, and the appeal of Rhetoric to a wider public.
Abstract:This essay introduces the special issue, "Rhetoric and the Abolitionist Horizon," which features essays from emerging communication and composition rhetorical studies scholars Shereen Yousuf, Ashley Ferrell, Dustin Greenwalt, and Gabriella Wilson. Together, they gesture to a diverse set of tools, concepts, critiques, case studies, and approaches that might help to expand rhetorical studies in ways that opens space for abolitionist thought and praxis. This introduction establishes the ethical, disciplinary, conceptual, and personal contexts surrounding this special issue before providing a brief overview of the essays and an invitation for others to join us.
abstract:This article concerns itself with the displacement and silencing of style in McKeon's collegiate editions of Aristotle's Rhetoric. It is divided into two parts: The first proposes unactual elements on style; the second deals with McKeon's promotion of taxis over style in his editions of Aristotle's Rhetoric. The article concludes with a brief proposal on the uses and abuses of Pericles's Funeral Oration.
En la década de 1640 se publican en Europa, especialmente en Alemania, numerosos textos y obras teatrales que reflejan el anhelo de paz que sienten los europeos ante la destrucción ocasionada por la Guerra de los Treinta Años. En este contexto, Elias Maior, rector del Elisabet-Gymnasium de Breslavia, organiza una representación pública el 25 de agosto de 1644 para que también resuene este grito por la paz en sus aulas. Para ello, decide realizar una adaptación de los siete primeros progymnasmata a la defensa de la paz y, como es habitual en esta época, publica un opúsculo en el que recoge a) la organización del acto, b) las fuentes que utilizarán los participantes y c) la relación de estos con la asignación de las tareas de las que deben hacerse cargo. En este trabajo se ofrece la edición del texto con un breve estudio, en el que se contextualiza la obra y se establece su estructura y las fuentes clásicas y humanísticas utilizadas.
Lisa Keränen, Aishwarya Krishnamoorthy, B. Ingersoll
et al.
Abstract:Scholars from a wide range of disciplines, including communication and rhetoric, have argued that infectious disease has been increasingly securitized in the post-9/11 environment. This essay tracks the rhetoric of seven U.S. pandemic plans from 1978 to 2017 to investigate how the evolving language of these plans supports or undermines the infectious disease securitization thesis. Our analysis reveals stark differences in the arrangement, delivery, and style of U.S. pandemic plans, despite a consistent focus on antigenic shifts of influenza A, vaccines, and medical research and development. Although U.S. pandemic plans reflect connections to security since their earliest inception, they have adopted more explicit linkages to national and global health security since 2005. This move reflects the emergence of the global health security paradigm and raises questions about pandemic planning implementation.
The article analyzes the role played by the journal "Na postu" in the marginalization of village literature. In the 1920s, the role played by this journal was more important than generally expected, because the editors were able to accelerate and in a certain way guide the government's choices in the cultural sphere. As a result, an entire strand of Russian cultural tradition was obliterated. The village literature writers were slandered and then physically o socially liquidated or replaced with authors ideologically conforming to the new collective farm literature.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
This essay argues for a redefinition of disciplinary activity and examines disciplinary identity development beyond traditional academic/nonacademic binaries. Through analysis of interviews with twenty-seven retired members of rhetoric, composition, and writing studies, this essay provides a closer look at retirement as an active but overlooked phase of the disciplinary lifecycle.
Lo scopo di questo articolo è di presentare il motivo poetico delle rovine di Roma attraverso alcuni testi poco conosciuti. La grande quantità d’adattamenti, traduzioni ed imitazioni di questo motivo rendono difficile la fissazione di un ordine tra tutti loro, le fonti e le loro origini. Il sonetto Superbi colli, e voi sacre ruine di Baldassarre Castiglione (1513-21), il poema latino De Roma (1554) del palermitano Giovanni Vitale (Janus Vitalis) e, soprattutto, il sonetto III del libro Les Antiquités de Rome (1558) di Joachim Du Bellay hanno generato numerose imitazioni e traduzioni fino ad oggi. Il topos delle rovine di Roma è trasformato in mito.
Anche se le poesie più note sono state ben studiate, ad esempio, il celebre sonetto A Roma sepultada en sus ruinas (1648) di Quevedo, vogliamo offrire una panoramica della diffusione del mito e delle loro varianti e opposizioni principali attraverso qualche traduzione e versioni francesi meno studiate.
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar, Style. Composition. Rhetoric
This article presents findings of an interview study with twenty rhetoric and composition scholars. Findings focus on the responsibilities of reviewers, editors, and writers in scholarly peer review. The authors make several recommendations for improving peer review practices and call for a field-wide discussion of and research about the topic.
ABSTRACT Intercultural contexts introduce unique sources of complexity into our theories of rhetoric and persuasion. This study examines one of the most successful cases of intercultural rhetoric concerning religion: the case of Swami Vivekananda, a Hindu monk from India who came to the United States in 1893 for the World’s Parliament of Religions. He arrived as an unknown monk, but he left America years later as the nationally known face of Hinduism. Facing a tense scene in 1893 that featured a plurality of religions and American organizers and audiences who judged Hinduism as inferior to Christianity, Vivekananda enacted a unique rhetoric of pluralism to assert the value of his form of Hinduism while simultaneously respecting other religions. This study extracts from Vivekananda’s popular performance at the parliament a pluralistic style of rhetorical advocacy, one that builds upon his unique reading of Hindu religious-philosophical traditions. This pluralistic style can be used to unravel some of the theoretical issues created by invitational rhetoric’s reading of persuasion as inherently violent to disagreeing others.